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Lights of the Victorian Coast ROAD Touring eBook HOME MAP CONTENTS Basic Glossary Cape Nelson Whalers Bluff Griffiths Island Lady Bay Upper Lady Bay Lower Cape Otway Split Point Point Lonsdale Queenscliff Black (high) Queenscliff White (low) West Channel Pile Light Point Gellibrand Port Melbourne Lights St Kilda Light Eastern Lighthouse South Channel Pile Light Cape Schanck Cape Liptrap Citadel Island Wilsons Promontory Point Hicks Gabo Island INDEX END Page 2 OPERATIONAL ? LIGHT 1 Cape Nelson 2 Whalers Bluff ? LIGHT NOT 3 Griffiths Island Press OPERATIONAL 4 Lady Bay Upper circles to ? MISSING 5 Lady Bay Lower navigate LIGHTS 6 Cape Otway 7 Split Point ? ISLAND 8 Point Lonsdale 9 Queenscliff Black (high) NOT ACCESSIBLE ? TO THE PUBLIC 10 Queenscliff White (low) 11 West Pile Light 12 Williamstown Timeball Tower 13 Port Melbourne 14 St Kilda Light A Swanspit Pile Light (run down by ship) 15 Eastern Lighthouse B Gellibrand Pile Light (run down then burnt) 16 South Channel Pile Light C Cliffy Island (island closed to public) 17 Cape Schanck 18 Cape Liptrap 19 Citadel Island B 20 Wilsons Promontory 21 Point Hicks 12 22 Gabo Island 11 13 10 2 3 4 5 6 14 1 9 15 21 22 8 16 A C 7 17 18 19 20 C APE N ELSON Cape Nelson Lighthouse C APE N ELSON NAME Cape Nelson Lighthouse LOCATION 12 km south of Portland FIRST LIT 1884 HEIGHT 32 m / 75 m above sea level 373 km from Melbourne 12 km from Portland CONSTRUCTION Round bluestone Portland LIGHT Flashing four times every 20 seconds HISTORY The Cape Nelson Lighthouse replaced an earlier square wooden tower believed to have been built during the 1870s which acted as a directional marker for shipping. The current tower and buildings were built between 1882 and 1884 and the lamp officially lit on 7 July 1884. The lamp was converted to incandescent kerosene in 1907 and electricity in 1934, becoming one of the first lighthouses in Australia to be powered by an electrical generator with a modern clockwork mechanism used to turn the light. In 1987 it was connected to mains electricity. The site is prone to extreme winds, and as a result a 435 m long rubble wall was built around the Keeper's house and up to the lighthouse. The wall is 1.75 m high and 0.4 m wide. TOURISM Tours of the lighthouse operate daily and accommodation is available in the head light keeper's cottage and the assistant's cottage. A café operates at the site during peak holiday times. Visit www.capenelsonlighthouse.com.au for more information. Cape Nelson Lighthouse circa 1968 - Courtesy State Library Victoria - Photographer John T. Collins Pharology The study of lighthouses, including their lights and construction is known as Pharology. Those who study lighthouses are called Pharophiles. P ORTLAND Whalers Bluff Lighthouse P ORTLAND NAME Whalers Bluff Lighthouse LOCATION Whalers Bluff, Portland FIRST LIT 1889 HEIGHT 12 m / 41 m above sea level 361 km from Melbourne In the township of Portland CONSTRUCTION Round bluestone Portland LIGHT Flashing red and white every 30 seconds HISTORY Also known as the Portland Bay Lighthouse, it was originally erected at Battery Point in 1857 along with the lighthouse keeper's quarters. It was first used in May 1859 and permanently lit on 1 September 1859. The Lighthouse and buildings were disassembled in 1889 and relocated stone by stone to Whalers Bluff (also known as North Bluff or Whalers Point). It was relocated to make way for gun emplacements on Battery Point and to make the lighthouse less vulnerable to attack in times of war, when it could have been more easily damaged. It is now known as the Whalers Bluff Lighthouse and is a prominent feature from the Portland foreshore. The light is still used today to guide ships past the treacherous Whalers Reef into Portland Harbour. It is visible for over 20 km out to sea. TOURISM The light is located at the end of Lighthouse Street in the township of Portland, 1.5 km from the Portland Post Office. The structure is not open to the public, however can be viewed from Lighthouse Reserve which has 24 hours a day, seven days a week public access. Whalers Bluff Lighthouse circa 1910 - Photographer George Rose - Courtesy State Library Victoria Why we needed Lights Early fires, beacons, flagstaffs, lighthouses, lights, lightships and buoys were established in Australian waters from as early as the 1790s. These aids helped reduce the risk of shipwreck. P ORT F AIRY Griffiths Island Lighthouse P ORT F AIRY NAME Griffiths Island Lighthouse LOCATION Port Fairy FIRST LIT 1859 HEIGHT 11 m / 12.5 m above sea level 291 km from Melbourne In the township of Port Fairy CONSTRUCTION Round bluestone Port Fairy LIGHT Flashing white, twice every 10 seconds HISTORY Originally called Rabbit Island, the Lighthouse is located on what is now referred to as the Moyne River and was originally built by Scottish stonemasons using locally sourced bluestone. Port Fairy was first a major whaling port and later became a entry port for immigrants and traders travelling to our shores. The light was automated in 1954 with the last light keeper leaving that same year. The Lighthouse Keeper's cottage was demolished around that same time. Today the light is powered by solar and wind power supplying electricity to a large bank of backup batteries which only require occasional servicing. The lighthouse is known for its unusual internal staircase where every step has been cut into the bluestone. TOURISM The lighthouse and island are both accessible to the public. Access is via a footbridge and 400 m walk across the southern tip of the island. The lighthouse itself is closed to the public and there are no tours. Port Fairy Lighthouse circa 1910 - Photographer George Rose - Courtesy State Library Victoria Australian Shipwrecks There are over 7,000 known shipwrecks in Australian waters. There are likely hundreds more that we may never know about. The Australian National Shipwreck Database is a searchable public list of wrecks in Australia. W ARRNAMBOOL Lady Bay Upper Lighthouse W ARRNAMBOOL NAME Lady Bay Upper Lighthouse LOCATION Warrnambool FIRST LIT 1872 HEIGHT 7 m / 33 m above sea level 256 km from Melbourne In the township of Warrnambool CONSTRUCTION Round bluestone Warrnambool LIGHT Flashes white for one second every five seconds HISTORY Originally built on Middle Island from bluestone imported from Maribyrnong in Melbourne in 1859. It was dismantled and moved in early 1871 to its present site on Flagstaff Hill, due to site erosion and dissatisfaction with its efficiency and named the 'Upper Lighthouse'. It is now contained within 'Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre' and remains an operational light. Both the Upper and the Lower Lighthouses are still in use, with their lights forming a safe path into Lady Bay when their lights are aligned. TOURISM You can access the lighthouse during opening times of the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre. Costs apply, so please check the website for costs and times before travelling. Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre Website: www.flagstaffhill.com Phone: 5559 4600 or 1800 556 111 Photograph Copyright © Ron Turner 2014 Victorian Shipwrecks There are over 770 known shipwrecks along the Victorian Coast and most have not been located. Shipwrecks are still being found thanks to recreational scuba divers and wreck enthusiasts. W ARRNAMBOOL Lady Bay Lower Lighthouse W ARRNAMBOOL NAME Lady Bay Lower Lighthouse LOCATION Warrnambool FIRST LIT 1872 HEIGHT 8 m / 33 m above sea level 256 km from Melbourne In the township of Warrnambool CONSTRUCTION Square bluestone Warrnambool LIGHT Fixed light with red and green sectors HISTORY Originally built on the Lady Bay Beach from bluestone imported from Melbourne in 1859. It was dismantled and moved in 1871 to its present site on Flagstaff Hill, due to site erosion and general inefficiency because of its low elevation. It was renamed the 'Lower Lighthouse'. This lighthouse is now contained within 'Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre' which is a major tourism attraction. Both the Upper and the Lower Lighthouses are still in use, with their lights forming a safe path into Lady Bay when their lights are aligned. TOURISM You can access the lighthouse during opening times of the Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre. Costs apply, so please check the website for costs and times before travelling. Flagstaff Hill Maritime Heritage Centre Website: www.flagstaffhill.com Phone: 5559 4600 or 1800 556 111 Photograph Copyright © Ron Turner 2014 The Shipwreck and Discovery Coasts The coastline between Cape Otway and Port Fairy is called the Shipwreck Coast. The coastline between Port Fairy and the South Australian border is called the Discovery Coast. The Heritage Victoria page below lists many of the known wrecks along this coastline. Brochure produced by Heritage Victoria, Australian Heritage Council and the Victorian Government. The coastline is promoted as the Historic Shipwreck Trail. C APE O TWAY L IGHTHOUSE Cape Otway Lighthouse Copyright © Debbie Hibbert 2015 C APE O TWAY NAME Cape Otway Lighthouse LOCATION Cape Otway FIRST LIT 1848 HEIGHT 20 m / 91 m above sea level 218 km from Melbourne CONSTRUCTION Bluestone Cape Otway LIGHT Triple flash every 18 seconds HISTORY First lit in 1848, the Cape Otway Lighthouse was the second light to be established on the Australian mainland and is the oldest surviving functional light on the Australian mainland. The light was decommissioned in 1994 and replaced by a low powered GRP solar power light directly in front of the lighthouse. The lighthouse is in excellent condition and is testimony to the building techniques employed. TOURISM The site is managed by Parks Victoria and is open to the public.
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