Malaysia's Poverty Line Income
Published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Malaysia. © UNDP. All rights reserved. First published December 2007. Second Print January 2008. ISBN 978-983-3904-05-1 United Nations Development Programme Wisma UN, Block C, Kompleks Pejabat Damansara, Jalan Dungun, Damansara Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. www.undp.org.my A catalogue record for this book is available from the library of UNDP. The contents may be freely reproduced for non-commercial purposes with attribution to the copyright holders. Design : A Del Design & Craft Printed in Malaysia MALAYSIA MEASURING AND MONITORING POVERTY AND INEQUALITY FOREWORD In the last quarter of the twentieth century, Malaysia’s economic transformation was little short of spectacular. At the time of independence in 1957, Malaysia was a low-income, predominantly agricultural and rural economy. Around half of the country’s households were living below the national poverty line, with very little changed up to 1970, at which time 49 per cent of households were poor. In the following three and a half decades, rapid economic growth and structural change have transformed Malaysia into a prosperous, urban, and industrialized economy. By the end of the century, Malaysia’s poverty rate had fallen below 10 per cent, and in 2007 to less than 5 per cent. The nation has attained high human development. Malaysia’s economic transformation owes much to its human and its natural resources. It also owes much to the sound economic, social, and commercial policies pursued, as well as political stability and national unity. Two broad features of the post-1970s have helped to reduce poverty: the country’s enviable economic growth record and the national commitment to a more equitable distribution of income.
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