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Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism
Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Robert Fredona Working Paper 18-021 Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert Harvard Business School Robert Fredona Harvard Business School Working Paper 18-021 Copyright © 2017 by Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona Working papers are in draft form. This working paper is distributed for purposes of comment and discussion only. It may not be reproduced without permission of the copyright holder. Copies of working papers are available from the author. Merchants and the Origins of Capitalism Sophus A. Reinert and Robert Fredona ABSTRACT: N.S.B. Gras, the father of Business History in the United States, argued that the era of mercantile capitalism was defined by the figure of the “sedentary merchant,” who managed his business from home, using correspondence and intermediaries, in contrast to the earlier “traveling merchant,” who accompanied his own goods to trade fairs. Taking this concept as its point of departure, this essay focuses on the predominantly Italian merchants who controlled the long‐distance East‐West trade of the Mediterranean during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Until the opening of the Atlantic trade, the Mediterranean was Europe’s most important commercial zone and its trade enriched European civilization and its merchants developed the most important premodern mercantile innovations, from maritime insurance contracts and partnership agreements to the bill of exchange and double‐entry bookkeeping. Emerging from literate and numerate cultures, these merchants left behind an abundance of records that allows us to understand how their companies, especially the largest of them, were organized and managed. -
Storia Di Firenze Annali I 2006.Indd
!NNALIDISTORIADIFIRENZE ) Avvertenza Le pagine a seguire forniscono, per gli anni 2001 e 2002, un elenco ordi- nato alfabeticamente per autore dei volumi, dei saggi in opere collettanee e degli articoli su riviste attinenti la storia fi orentina. Tale materiale, ugualmente suddiviso in tre sezioni, è disponibile anche nel portale «Storia di Firenze» nella sezione «Bibliografi a» dove è possibile trovare anche il link alla scheda del vo- lume disponibile nel catalogo delle case editrice (htpp://www.dssg.unifi .it/sdf/ bibliografi a.html). Nel prossimo numero degli «Annali» comparirà la bibliogra- fi a relativa al biennio 2003-2004. L’eccezionale vastità della produzione scientifi ca su Firenze e l’assenza di uno strumento unico di aggiornamento bibliografi co al riguardo, oltre ad essere il motivo essenziale di questo lavoro ne rappresenta anche il principale elemento di diffi coltà. Per gli intenti del portale, il profi lo scientifi co e gli interessi dei membri della redazione, la cultura fi losofi ca e letteraria e la storia delle arti fi - gurative risultano relativamente in secondo piano rispetto ai temi storiografi ci. La ricerca di cui queste pagine sono il frutto ha infatti integrato risorse diverse (bibliografi e on-line, siti di case editrici, segnalazioni su riviste e spogli di data- base bibliografi ci), nell’intento, non sempre di facile realizzazione, di isolare materiali propriamente riferiti alla storia di Firenze e omettendo una consimile ricerca in fonti a carattere storico-artistico o storico-letterario. Ci auguriamo che questa consapevole limitazione, anziché indebolire l’effi cacia del nostro lavoro, ne precisi la consistenza e quindi la fruibilità per i lettori. -
Prato and Montemurlo Tuscany That Points to the Future
Prato Area Prato and Montemurlo Tuscany that points to the future www.pratoturismo.it ENG Prato and Montemurlo Prato and Montemurlo one after discover treasures of the Etruscan the other, lying on a teeming and era, passing through the Middle busy plain, surrounded by moun- Ages and reaching the contempo- tains and hills in the heart of Tu- rary age. Their geographical posi- scany, united by a common destiny tion is strategic for visiting a large that has made them famous wor- part of Tuscany; a few kilometers ldwide for the production of pre- away you can find Unesco heritage cious and innovative fabrics, offer sites (the two Medici Villas of Pog- historical, artistic and landscape gio a Caiano and Artimino), pro- attractions of great importance. tected areas and cities of art among Going to these territories means the most famous in the world, such making a real journey through as Florence, Lucca, Pisa and Siena. time, through artistic itineraries to 2 3 Prato contemporary city between tradition and innovation PRATO CONTEMPORARY CITY BETWEEN TRADITION AND INNOVATION t is the second city in combination is in two highly repre- Tuscany and the third in sentative museums of the city: the central Italy for number Textile Museum and the Luigi Pec- of inhabitants, it is a ci Center for Contemporary Art. The contemporary city ca- city has written its history on the art pable of combining tradition and in- of reuse, wool regenerated from rags novation in a synthesis that is always has produced wealth, style, fashion; at the forefront, it is a real open-air the art of reuse has entered its DNA laboratory. -
Cultural Heritage Of
® LIFE BIENNIAL BEYOND TOURISM® PUBBLICATION EVENTS 2014 - 2016 MEETING THE WORLD IN FLORENCE Centro Congressi al Duomo Life Beyond Tourism® Events Director | Direttore Carlotta Del Bianco Coordinator | Responsabile Michaela Žáčková Rossi Organizing Secretariat | Segreteria Organizzativa Stefania Macrì Eleonora Catalano Zdenka Skorunkova Dati Chika Arai Publication edited by | Pubblicazione a cura di Centro Congressi al Duomo: Life Beyond Tourism® Events With the collaboration of | Con la collaborazione di Centro Congressi al Duomo: Hotel Laurus al Duomo Hotel Pitti Palace al Ponte Vecchio Design and layout | Progetto grafico e impaginazione Corinna Del Bianco Maria Paz Soffia Contents | Contenuti Life Beyond Tourism® Events Abstracts texts have been sent to Life Beyond Tourism® Events by the Project Leaders of each conference and workshop – promoted by the Fondazione Romualdo Del Bianco® of Florence. I testi degli abstract di convegni e workshop – promossi dalla Fondazione Romualdo Del Bianco® – sono stati forniti a Life Beyond Tourism® Events dai Project Leader degli stessi eventi. Translation | Traduzione Eleonora Catalano Masso delle Fate Edizioni Via Cavalcanti 9/D - 50058 Signa (FI) ©Fondazione Romualdo Del Bianco® - Life Beyond Tourism® Masso delle Fate Edizioni ISBN LIFE BIENNIAL BEYOND TOURISM® PUBBLICATION EVENTS 2014 - 2016 Our ability to reach unity in diversity will be the perfect present for the test oF our civilization MAHATMA GANDHI Welcome to Florence! In order to offer the travellers support to their Florence, a personal and professional Florentine journey, the Centro Congressi al Duomo has established an event planning section called Life Beyond Tourism® city frozen in Events, which for years has been organizing in Florence international and intercultural events. -
The Case of Alberto Carocci (1926-1939)
Habitus and embeddedness in the Florentine literary field: the case of Alberto Carocci (1926-1939) Article Accepted Version La Penna, D. (2018) Habitus and embeddedness in the Florentine literary field: the case of Alberto Carocci (1926- 1939). Italian Studies, 73 (2). pp. 126-141. ISSN 1748-6181 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00751634.2018.1444536 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/75567/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . To link to this article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00751634.2018.1444536 Publisher: Taylor and Francis All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online Habitus and Embeddedness in the Florentine Literary Field: The Case of Alberto Carocci (1926-1939) Daniela La Penna Department of Modern Languages and European Studies, University of Reading, Reading, UK [email protected] 1 Habitus and Embeddedness in the Florentine Literary Field: The Case of Alberto Carocci (1926-1939) This article intends to show how the notion of embeddedness, a concept derived from network theory, can improve our understanding of how a journal’s reliance on regional and national intellectual networks impacts the journal’s performance. The study takes as test case Alberto Carocci’s editorship of Solaria. -
Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity
2018 Textile Sustainability Conference | Texcursion | Updated April 27, 2018 Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity Hosts: Confindustria Toscana Nord and ICEA Location: Prato, Italy: Tuscany Region When: Thursday, October 25, 2018 COST: $50 USD Travel: Milano Centrale train station to Florence, Italy and then local train to Prato porta al Serraglio Station. Attendee is responsible for arriving/departing to/from Milano Centrale train station on their own. This cost is NOT included. ARRIVAL: The tour begins at 11am. Recommended departure times from Milano Centrale could be at 7:20am (arrival at Prato at 09:29am) or 8:20am (arrival at 10:41am). DEPARTURE: Return to Milano Centrale by taking the 17:42 train from Prato to Florence and then arrive at Milano Centrale at 20:29 Included costs: Transport around Prato, lunch, entrance at the Textile Museum of Prato Maximum attendees: 30 Agenda (subject to change): 11:00am: Museo del Tessuto, which is at 10-minutes by walk from Prato porta al Serraglio Station. A representative from Condindustria Toscana Nord will be at the train station and will walk with you to the Museo del Tessuto. - Welcome meeting and presentation of Prato industrial cluster and of the specificities of carded (recycled) wool industry - Visit of the museum - Light lunch served in the Museo venues - After Lunch: (13:30 – 17:00) Visit of 2 companies specialised in different processes that will offer a comprehensive overview of all the manufacturing processes related to carded (recycled) wool Return to Milano Centrale by taking the 17:42 train from Prato to Florence and then arrive at Milano Centrale at 20:29 Additional Information about tour and hosts: Museo Del Tessuto Di Prato ( http://www.museodeltessuto.it/?lang=en ) The Museum was founded in 1975 within the "Tullio Buzzi" Industrial Technical Textile Institute, as the result of an initial donation of approximately 600 historical textile fragments. -
THE CASE of the BISHOP of PRATO T
The Catholic Lawyer Volume 4 Number 3 Volume 4, Summer 1958, Number 3 Article 10 The Case of the Bishop of Prato Pio Ciprotti Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.stjohns.edu/tcl This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Catholic Lawyer by an authorized editor of St. John's Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE CASE OF THE BISHOP OF PRATO t Pro CIPROTTI* T HE TRIAL OF THE BISHOP OF PRATO is the first criminal proceeding brought in Italy since 1870 against a bishop upon the basis of an act performed by him in exercise of his functions. Accusations of "abuse of electoral propaganda" have been made on several occasions, but in each case the instructing magistrate dismissed the information upon the grounds that it failed to charge a crime. The accused bishops, therefore, were not brought to trial. It is for this reason that public opinion in Italy has been so disturbed by the trial of Bishop Fiordelli. The Facts The Bishop of Prato had been pursuing for some time a vigorous pastoral campaign to make his people mindful of the grave sin and the canonical sanctions incurred by Catholics who attempt civil marriage.' The first pastoral letter issued by Bishop Fiordelli as Ordinary of Prato, in Lent of 1955, set out the Catholic doctrine on marriage and the family tTranslation by Rev. William F. Cahill, Professor of Law, St. -
A Cura Di Ernestina Pellegrini
Note di lettura 87 LETTERATURE COMPARATE a cura di Ernestina Pellegrini GRAZIA GOBBI SICA, In Lovig Memory. Il cimitero agli Allori di Firenze, coordina- mento di Maurizio Bossi, con un saggio e schede sulla comunità russa di Lucia Tonini, Firenze, Olschki 2016 («Gabinetto Scientifico Letterario – Studi», 26), pp. 546, € 120,00. A poco a poco egli aveva preso l’abitudine di soffermarsi sui suoi morti ad uno ad uno. E piuttosto presto nella vita aveva cominciato a pensare che andasse fatto qualcosa per loro. E loro erano lì, accanto a lui, forti di quell’essenza semplificata, più intensa, di quell’assenza consapevole, di quella pazienza eloquente, così corporei e presenti che pareva avessero sol- tanto perduto l’uso della parola. Così recita un passo di L’altare dei morti di Henry James, uscito in un volume dal titolo Terminations – che ci piace mettere qui in apertura di que- sta breve illustrazione del monumentale volume che Grazia Gobbi Sica ha dedicato al Cimitero agli Allori di Firenze, a conclusione di una lunga ricerca, ora accolta nella collana «Studi» del Gabinetto Vieusseux, inaugurata nel lontano 1985 presso Olschki. Un libro che può essere letto in tanti modi, seguendo piste diverse, come si capisce subito dal breve intervento di Mauri- zio Bossi – indimenticabile guida del Centro Romantico – che ha coordinato la ricerca (e al quale il volume ora è dedicato): Concepito dall’Autrice per presentare e valorizzare il cimitero agli Allori come rilevante parte del patrimonio artistico fiorentino e a contempo come prezioso documento sulla variegata e ramificata presenza di stranieri a Firenze, il volume ha raggiunto questo duplice obiettivo con successo, e si offre oggi come stimolo e fonte per molteplici ricerche. -
Guide to the Prato Centre Contents
MONASH PRATO ITALY GUIDE TO THE PRATO CENTRE CONTENTS History of Palazzo Vaj 2 Monash University Prato Centre 3 Health and safety 4 Getting around 8 Cost of living 10 Where to shop and eat 12 What to do 16 Australian Embassy, Consulate, 21 Visas and Residence permits Pull-out map of Prato 23 Public holidays in Italy 25 WELCOME TO PRATO This guide is designed to help you settle in quickly to study and life in Prato. Inside, you will find information about the facilities available at the Monash Prato Centre as well as practical advice about the city of Prato. There are also some ideas about what to do in your spare time. All street addresses given in this guide are in Prato unless otherwise indicated. We update this guide regularly. If you have any feedback about the contents or you discover new places that you want to share with others, please let us know. 1 MONASH UNIVERSITY PRATO CENTRE IT SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT LIBRARIES The Centre has a Computer Lab with desktop The Centre has a small collection of reference computers and network printers available to books and fiction titles in English. The fiction all visitors while the Student Lounge and Mac books may be borrowed whereas the reference Lab are dedicated student study areas. Visiting collection can only be used at the Centre. staff also have a dedicated shared office Please see the Academic Programs and area equipped with computers and printers. Internships Coordinator for more information. Instructions to access the Centre network and As a Monash University student studying in printers are available in these areas. -
Allegato 4B - IC Abbonamento Prezzi Abbonamento Mensile Treni Intercity
* Allegato 4b - IC Abbonamento Prezzi abbonamento mensile Treni Intercity ORIGINE DESTINAZIONE e v.v. km prz_2cl ACIREALE AUGUSTA 71 127 ACIREALE AVERSA 570 430 ACIREALE CATANIA CENTRALE 15 75 ACIREALE FORMIA-GAETA 636 451 ACIREALE GIARRE-RIPOSTO 16 75 ACIREALE LAMEZIA TERME CENTRALE 219 218 ACIREALE LATINA 703 485 ACIREALE LENTINI 43 100 ACIREALE MESSINA CENTRALE 81 136 ACIREALE NAPOLI CENTRALE 550 410 ACIREALE PAOLA 276 288 ACIREALE ROMA TERMINI 764 501 ACIREALE SALERNO 496 390 ACIREALE SAPRI 370 353 ACIREALE SIRACUSA 101 161 ACIREALE TAORMINA-GIARDINI 34 90 ACIREALE VILLA S. GIOVANNI 90 136 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE AMANTEA 197 202 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE ASCEA 32 90 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE AVERSA 124 161 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE BATTIPAGLIA 30 75 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE DIAMANTE-BUONVICINO 130 173 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE FORMIA-GAETA 190 202 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE GIOIA TAURO 320 312 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE LAMEZIA TERME CENTRALE 228 233 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE LATINA 257 263 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE MARATEA 89 136 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE NAPOLI CENTRALE 104 161 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE PAOLA 171 187 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE PISCIOTTA-PALINURO 40 90 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE PRAJA-AJETA-TORTORA 101 161 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE REGGIO DI CALABRIA CENTRALE 371 353 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE ROMA TERMINI 318 312 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE ROSARNO 310 312 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE SALERNO 50 100 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE SAPRI 77 127 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE SCALEA-S. DOMENICA TALAO 113 161 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE VALLO DELLA LUCANIA-CASTELNUOVO 21 75 AGROPOLI-CASTELLABATE VIBO VALENTIA-PIZZO 256 -
Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity
2018 Textile Sustainability Conference | Texcursion | Updated Oct. 8, 2018 Recycled Wool in Prato, Italy: Between History and Modernity Hosts: Confindustria Toscana Nord and ICEA Location: Prato, Italy: Tuscany Region When: Thursday, October 25, 2018 COST: $50 USD Travel: Milano Centrale train station to Florence, Italy and then local train to Prato porta al Serraglio Station. Attendee is responsible for arriving/departing to/from Milano Centrale train station on their own. This cost is NOT included. ARRIVAL: Recommended departure times from Milano Centrale could be at 7:20am and then arrive at Firenze SMN at 8:59 am. In Firenze SMN you can find a train to Prato Porta al serraglio at 09:10am or 9:47am (arrival at 10:20 am). At the station of Prato Porta al Seraglio there will be a guide that will accompany you, through the city center, and then to the museum. DEPARTURE: At 5.00 pm departure from Prato centrale for Florence SMN by train. At 18.30 departure for central Milan with arrival at 20.29. Tickets for the high-speed train journey from Milan to Florence must be booked. The web site where you can buy them is this: http://www.trenitalia.com/ Tickets for the Florence - Prato route can be purchased at the station or online. Book as soon as possible! Included costs: Transport around Prato, lunch, entrance at the Textile Museum of Prato Agenda (subject to change): The tour begins at 10.30 am. A presentation of Prato and the recycling of wool will be done at the Museo del Tessuto At 12.00 light lunch in museum At 13:00 departure in autobus for company visits | Visit of companies specialised in different processes that will offer a comprehensive overview of all the manufacturing processes related to carded (recycled) wool 17:00 departure from Prato centrale for Florence SMN by train. -
Pieghevole Firenze.Indd
Econofi sica, Rosario MANTEGNA, Università di Palermo Interviene: ore 14; 15.30; 17 Conferenze, Visite Guidate e Laboratori 2. Galileo: dalla caduta dei gravi alla difesa del sistema copernicano 1. La caduta dei gravi: il piano inclinato e la piuma che cade nel vuoto Sotto l’Alto Patronato del Biofotonica, Francesco PAVONE, Università di Firenze Giulio GIORELLO, Università di Milano Laboratorio: micro-visioni, la forza della forza Nel laboratorio un animatore, nei panni di Galileo Galilei, dialoga con i 2. La bilancetta di Galileo: come determinare la densità di un liquido Discussione Rivolto ai bambini dai 5-12 anni, durata 80’ visitatori sulle proprie vicende. Parla delle prime osservazioni astronomiche 3. Corpi in acqua: il galleggiamento non dipende dalla forma degli oggetti, Nell’ambito del Caff è Filosofi co del Festival della Creatività, a cura dell’Assessorato Il telescopio di Galileo Presidente della Repubblica Presiede: Massimo Inguscio, Università di Firenze Organizzato da Federazione Italiana dei CEMEA Mostra - laboratorio con il telescopio che gli permisero di demolire l’antica concezione geocentrica né dalla profondità dell’acqua alla Cultura della Regione Toscana: e illustra gli studi sul moto di caduta dei gravi. N° laboratori previsti: 15 Venerdì 14 novembre ore 16.30 Sabato 25 ottobre Museo di Storia della Scienza, Piazza dei Giudici 1, Domenica 26 ottobre ore 20.30 3. L’accademia del Cimento: scienza sperimentale nella Toscana del Seicento Martedì 21 Ottobre ore 10 Sala Consiliare, Palazzo Comunale, Piazzale della Sala Volta, Fortezza da Basso, Viale Filippo Strozzi, Firenze ore 10.15; 11.45; 14 Firenze Aula Magna del Dipartimento di Fisica, Via Sansone 1 (Polo Laboratorio: la forza della forza, vai col vento Il laboratorio delinea il ruolo svolto dall’Accademia del Cimento nel Resistenza 1, Scandicci La filosofia del Dr.