Fewer Species but More Existing Individuals: Testing the Hypothesis

Journal of Environmental and Toxicological Studies SciO pForschen e n HUB for Scientific Research Open Access Journal

Table 3: List of landed species between years 2006 and 2012 (number of individuals/wet weight as g).  List of species Years  2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total

Porifera Acanthella acuta Schmidt, 1862 - - - - - 22/179 - 22/179 Ancorina cerebrum Schmidt, 1862 - - - 11/1450 - 1/3 16/1600 28/3053 Axinella damicornis (Esper, 1794) - - - - - 1/31 - 1/31 Axinella polypoides Schmidt, 1862 - - - - 3/15 3/67 - 6/82 Axinella rugosa (Bowerbank, - - - - - 9/126 - 9/126 1866) Axinella verrucosa (Esper, 1794) - - - - - 3/24 - 3/24 Chondrosia reniformis Nardo, - - - - - 1/73 - 1/73 1847 Cliona celata Grant, 1826 - - 1/110 - - - - 1/110 Corticium candelabrum Schmidt, - - - - - 1/98 - 1/98 1862 * Dysidea tupha (Martens, 1824)* - - - - - 3/23 - 3/23 Geodia barretti Bowerbank, 1858 - - - 6/13,5 - - - 6/13,5 Geodia cydonium (Jameson, 1811) 3/1510 - - 8/22000 - 1/22 9/15025 21/38557 Geodia hentscheli Cárdenas, Rapp, - - - - - 41/29230 4/2560 84/31790 Schander & Tendal, 2010 * Halichondria (Halichondria) - - - - - 1/115 - 1/115 panicea (Pallas, 1766) Haliclona (Haliclona) simulans - - - - 21/670 - - 21/670 (Johnston, 1842) Haliclona (Reniera) mediterranea ------22/95 22/95 Griessinger, 1971 Hemimycale columella - - - - - 1/96 - 1/96 (Bowerbank, 1874)* Leucosolenia sp. ------11/135 11/135 Pheronema carpenteri (Thomson, - - - 1/63 - 3/29,34 - 4/92,34 1869)* Raspaciona aculeata (Johnston, - - - 1/19 - - - 1/19 1842)* Raspailia (Clathriodendron) - - - - 1/16 - - 1/16 hispida (Montagu, 1814)* Rhizaxinella pyrifera (Delle Chiaje, - - 9/223 5/22 5/25 1/6 2/30 22/306 1828) Spongia (Spongia) officinalis - - - 1/335 - - - 1/335 Linnaeus, 1759 Suberites domuncula (Olivi, 1792) - 22/85 22/1442 18/113 11/270 32/965 7/1464 140/4339 Tethya aurantium (Pallas, 1766) - - 14/127 17/244 19/292 - - 50/663 Tethya citrina Sarà & Melone, ------11/1290 11/1290 1965 * Tethya sp. - - - 1/31 - - - 1/31 Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, - - - 3/23 - - - 3/23 1858) Timea unistellata (Topsent, 1892) - - - 18/210 - - - 18/210 Hydrozoa Antenella sp. - - - 1/11 - - - 1/11 Bougainvillia muscus (Allman, - - - - - 5/0,19 - 5/0,19 1863) Eudendrium racemosum (Cavolini, - - - - - 4/1 - 4/1 1785)* Lytocarpia myriophyllum - - - 4/9 - - - 4/9 (Linnaeus, 1758) Nausithoe marginata Kölliker, - - - 19/4 - 11/4 17/20 47/28 1853 * Pennaria disticha Goldfuss, 1820* - - - 1/3 - - - 1/3 Sertularella sp. - - - 4/5 1/10 - - 5/15 Anthozoa Actinia cari Delle Chiaje, 1822* - - - - 10/133 6/11 - 16/144 Adamsia palliata (Fabricius, 1779)* - 6/25 - - - - - 6/25

Citation: Artüz ML, Artüz OB, Sakınç M, Yalçın B, Erdoğan BE (2018) Fewer Species but More Existing Individuals: Testing the Hypothesis ‘Pessimum Conditions Rule’ Based on Long-Term Data of Species Composition of Benthic Fauna and Environmental Variables in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. J Environ Toxicol Stud 2(2): dx.doi.org/10.16966/2576-6430.116 Journal of Environmental and Toxicological Studies SciO pForschen e n HUB for Scientific Research Open Access Journal

Aiptasia diaphana (Rapp, 1829) - - - - - 2/14 3/14 5/28 Alcyonium acaule Marion, 1878 - - - - - 1/6 - 1/6 Alcyonium coralloides (Pallas, 1766) - - - 3/19 - - - 3/19 Alcyonium palmatum Pallas, 1766 8/180 368/5224 24/746 43/502 26/570 4/36 243/2080 716/9338 Antipathella subpinnata (Ellis & - - - 4/97 - - - 4/97 Solander, 1786) Aulactinia verrucosa (Pennant, - - - - 2/11 - - 2/11 1777) * Calliactis parasitica (Couch, - - 2/21 1/14 5/45 - 2/22 10/102 1842)* Caryophyllia (Acanthocyathus) grayi (Milne Edwards & Haime, - - 8/48 - - - - 8/48 1848)* Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) - - - 12/29 6/36 - 11/40 29/105 inornata (Duncan, 1878)* Caryophyllia (Caryophyllia) smithii 6/25 41/70 27/96 38/146 20/154 - - 132/491 Stokes & Broderip, 1828 Cladocora caespitosa (Linnaeus, - - - - - 1/18 - 1/18 1767) Funiculina quadrangularis (Pallas, 55/110 59/665 - 8/98 10/340 8/104 10/100 150/1417 1766) Isidella elongata (Esper, 1788)* - 12/75 - - 1/6 6/9,5 3/33 22/123,5 Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) - 6/75 - - - - 2/21 8/96 Parazoanthus axinellae (Schmidt, - 18/47 - - 55/890 - - 73/937 1862) Pennatula phosphorea Linnaeus, - 359/1291 3/11 13/55 28/120 - 90/178 493/1655 1758 Pennatula rubra (Ellis, 1761) - 24/75 5/15 19/71 41/213 7/18 - 96/392 Pteroeides spinosum (Ellis, 1764) - - - 9/79 22/337 12/150 25/389 68/955 Sagartia elegans (Dalyell, 1848) - - - 1/6 - - - 1/6 Savalia savaglia (Bertoloni, 1819) - - 1/22 1/22 - 2/57 - 4/101 Veretillum cynomorium (Pallas, 16/820 211/2846 - 312/3889 241/16445 - 55/630 835/24630 1766) Virgularia mirabilis (Müller, 1776) ------3/24 3/24 Plathelminthes Drepanonema inarimense Panceri, - - - - 4/30 - - 4/30 1876 * Aschelmintes Nectonema agile Verrill, 1879* ------3/14 3/14 Echiurida Bonellia viridis Rolando, 1821 2/80 ------2/80 Sipunculida Sipunculus (Sipunculus) nudus - - - - - 3/30 - 3/30 Linnaeus, 1766 Placophora Chiton (Rhyssoplax) olivaceus - - - - 2/15 - - 2/15 Spengler, 1797 Gastropoda Aegires sp. - - 2/29 - - - - 2/29 Aplysia depilans Gmelin, 1791 ------2/10 2/10 Aplysia punctata (Cuvier, 1803) - 17/205 - 36/610 16/235 1/17 7/69 77/1136 Aplysia sp. - - - 52/350 - - - 52/350 Aporrhais pespelecani (Linnaeus, - - - 18/92 1/12 - - 19/104 1758) Aporrhais serresianus (Michaud, ------19/91 19/91 1828) Armina maculata Rafinesque, - - - - 2/15 - - 2/15 1814 * Armina tigrina Rafinesque, 1814 - - - - 1/32 - - 1/32 Berghia coerulescens (Laurillard, - - 2/56 - - - - 2/56 1832) Calliostoma conulus (Linnaeus, - 4/15 - - - - - 4/15 1758)

Calliostoma granulatum (Born, - - 11/174 - 19/159 1/4 14/74 45/411 1778) Cerithium vulgatum Bruguière, - - 54/379 20/185 8/50 11/34 18/82 111/730 1792 Charonia lampas (Linnaeus, 1758) - 1/75 - - - 1/8 - 2/83 Epitonium tenuicostatum (G. B. - - - - - 9/35 - 9/35 Sowerby, 1844) * Euspira guilleminii (Payraudeau, - 7/63 - 4/21 - 1/21,87 37/192 49/297,87 1826) Euthria cornea (Linnaeus, 1758) - 3/15 4/43 - - - - 7/58 Fusinus rostratus (Olivi, 1792) - - - 1/5 - - - 1/5 Galeodea echinophora (Linnaeus, - - 3/42 - - - - 3/42 1758) Gibbula albida (Gmelin, 1791) - - - 10/68 - - - 10/68 Gibbula magus (Linnaeus, 1758) - - - - - 1/4 - 1/4 Littorina obtusata (Linnaeus, - 31/205 - - 1/5 - - 32/210 1758) Marionia blainvillea (Risso, 1818) - - - - - 1/9 - 1/9 Melarhaphe neritoides (Linnaeus, - 12/54 - - - - - 12/54 1758) Nassarius reticulatus (Linnaeus, - - - 55/188 - - - 55/188 1758) Nassarius sp. - 15/35 - - 9/130 - - 24/165 Naticarius hebraeus (Martyn, - - - 31/146 20/156 10/26 3/30 64/358 1786)* Philine angulata Jeffreys, 1867* - - - 22/91 - - - 22/91 Philine aperta (Linnaeus, 1767) - 142/980 2027/6012 233/873 256/730 68/310 66/265 2792/9170 Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778) - - 31/165 - - 15/6 - 46/171 Pneumoderma mediterraneum ------3/110 3/110 Van Beneden, 1838* Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 11/950 ------11/950 1846) Raphitoma bicolor (Risso, 1826) * - - - 3/8 - - - 3/8 Trophonopsis muricata (Montagu, - - - 1/2 - - - 1/2 1803) Turbella sp. ------2/7 2/7 Turritella communis Risso, 1826 - 72/167 27/47 84/66 67/110 17/49 8/24 275/463 Scaphopoda Antalis dentalis (Linnaeus, 1758) - 24/60 - - 97/138 3/4 111/373 235/575 Antalis inaequicostata - - - 9/10 18/23 - 34/136 61/169 (Dautzenberg, 1891) Antalis panorma (Chenu, 1843) * - 33/15 - 62/177 - - - 95/192 Antalis vulgaris (da Costa, 1778) - - - 14/12 12/18 - - 26/30 Entalina tetragona (Brocchi, 1814) - - - 6/5 - - - 6/5 Fustiaria rubescens (Deshayes, ------12/31 12/31 1825) Bivalvia Abra alba (W. Wood, 1802) ------10/42 10/42 Acanthocardia aculeata (Linnaeus, - - - - - 5/20 - 5/20 1758) Acanthocardia echinata (Linnaeus, - - - 2/5 - - - 2/5 1758) Acanthocardia tuberculata - - - - 6/95 - 3/90 9/185 (Linnaeus, 1758) Aequipecten opercularis - - - 1/16 - - 3/15 4/31 (Linnaeus, 1758) Anadara gibbosa (Reeve, 1844) - - 98/1975 340/3166 21/547 6/11 132/960 597/6659 Cerastoderma edule (Linnaeus, - - - - - 1/9 - 1/9 1758) Chamelea gallina (Linnaeus, 1758) - - - - 1/10 11/61 23/115 35/186 Cuspidaria japonica Kuroda, - - - - - 5/2,2 63/189 68/191,2 1948 * Cuspidaria sp. - - - - - 4/7 - 4/7

Cyclochlamys mestayerae (Dell, - - - - - 2/1 - 2/1 1956) * Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758 - - - - 49/276 43/94,03 - 92/370,03 Dosinia lupinus (Linnaeus, 1758) - - 31/335 - - - - 31/335 Ensis ensis (Linnaeus, 1758) - - - - 3/65 - - 3/65 Flexopecten flexuosus (Poli, 1795) - - - 2/21 - 3/32,96 5/73 10/126,96 Flexopecten glaber (Linnaeus, - - - - 7/155 - 5/40 12/195 1758) Kellia suborbicularis (Montagu, - - - 16/82 - - 5/35 21/117 1803) Limaria hians (Gmelin, 1791) - - 10/94 - 12/125 - 4/44 26/263 Loripes lucinalis (Lamarck, 1818) - - - - 8/15 - 11/39 19/54 Lucinoma borealis (Linnaeus, - - - - 13/25 - - 13/25 1767) Mactra sp. ------5/22 5/22 Mimachlamys crassicostata ------5/33 5/33 (Sowerby II, 1842)* Mimachlamys varia (Linnaeus, - - - - - 1/2 2/14 3/16 1758) Moerella distorta (Poli, 1791) ------37/180 37/180 Moerella donacina (Linnaeus, - - - 11/29 - - 62/310 73/339 1758) Mya arenaria Linnaeus, 1758 - 110/990 - - - - - 110/990 Mytilaster minimus (Poli, 1795) ------23/160 23/160 Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, - - - 27/200 5/110 60/484 - 92/794 1819 Nucula dorsocrenata (Habe, - - - - - 23/120 - 23/120 1977) * Nucula nucleus (Linnaeus, 1758) - 86/740 - - - - - 86/740 Nucula sulcata Bronn, 1831 - - - - 38/298 - - 38/298 Ostrea edulis Linnaeus, 1758 66/1230 - - - - 163/13887,8 - 229/15117,8 Papillicardium papillosum (Poli, - - - - 1/19 - - 1/19 1791) Parvicardium exiguum (Gmelin, - - - 7/50 - 1/143 - 8/193 1791) Pecten jacobaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) - - - - - 1/9 - 1/9 Pinna nobilis Linnaeus, 1758 - 2/185 - - - - 1/35 3/220 Pitar rudis (Poli, 1795) ------22/244 22/244 Polititapes aureus (Gmelin, 1791) ------9/70 9/70 Pseudamussium clavatum (Poli, ------1/20 1/20 1795) Pteria hirundo (Linnaeus, 1758) - - 23/215 - - 3/21,92 - 26/236,92 Rocellaria dubia (Pennant, 1777) - - - 1/4 - - - 1/4 Solemya togata (Poli, 1791) - - - - 6/80 - - 6/80 Solen marginatus Pulteney, 1799 - - - - 1/25 - 1/25 2/50 Talochlamys multistriata (Poli, ------7/85 7/85 1795) Tellina serrata Brocchi, 1814 - - - - - 4/32 20/100 24/132 Tellina tenuis da Costa, 1778 - - - - 1/10 - - 1/10 Teredo navalis Linnaeus, 1758 ------6/30 6/30 Venus casina Linnaeus, 1758 - - - - - 1/4 - 1/4 Cephalopoda Loligo vulgaris Lamarck, 1798 - - - 1/55 - 1/110 - 2/165 Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797 - 1/300 - - 3/510 1/250 5/810 10/1870 Rossia macrosoma (Delle Chiaje, 19/450 13/125 - - - 24/271 6/133 62/979 1830)* Sepia elegans Blainville, 1827 3/550 4/110 13/187 4/210 4/55 1/54 3/950 32/2116 Sepia officinalis Linnaeus, 1758 1/600 - 3/976 7/426 19/1450 8/442 - 38/3894 Sepia orbignyana Férussac, 1826 - 5/72 21/478 - 6/40 - - 32/590 Sepietta oweniana (d'Orbigny, 22/480 10/120 - - - - - 32/600 1841) Sepiola affinis Naef, 1912* - 15/195 - 5/55 - - - 20/250

Sepiola rondeletii Leach, 1817 12/198 8/95 - - - - 2/33 22/326 Todarodes sagittatus (Lamarck, - - - - - 2/155 - 2/155 1798) Polychaeta Amphictene auricoma (O.F. - - - 1/2 - - - 1/2 Müller, 1776) Aphrodita aculeata Linnaeus, 10/220 19/330 26/513 18/396 10/275 4/41 65/613 152/2388 1758 Chaetopterus variopedatus 4/18 1/5 19/175 - 14/285 - - 38/483 (Renier, 1804) Dasybranchus caducus (Grube, - 5/17 - 9/21 - 37/204,11 11/75 62/317,11 1846) Euclymene lombricoides - - - 2/7 - - - 2/7 (Quatrefages, 1866) Eulalia viridis (Linnaeus, 1767) - - - 1/3 - - - 1/3 Eunice aphroditois (Pallas, 1788) * - - - - - 2/5 - 2/5 Glycera unicornis Savigny in - - 21/276 - - 2/6 3/19 26/301 Lamarck, 1818 Harmothoe extenuata (Grube, - - - - - 2/9 26/210 28/219 1840) Hesione pantherina Risso, 1826 - - 71/329 - - 1/2 - 72/331 Nephtys hombergii Savigny in - - - - 1/6 - - 1/6 Lamarck, 1818 Nephtys hystricis McIntosh, 1900* ------2/22 2/22 Phyllochaetopterus socialis - - 100/58115 133/125 - - 32/1878 265/60118 Claparède, 1869 Protula tubularia (Montagu, - 9/40 - 4/19 - 1/14 - 14/73 1803)* Sabella spallanzanii (Gmelin, - - - - - 3/4 - 3/4 1791) Serpula vermicularis Linnaeus, - - - - - 3/7,08 - 3/7,08 1767 Sternaspis scutata Ranzani, 1817 - - - - 16/155 1/7 24/88 41/250 Oligochaeta Marionina subterranea (Knöllner, - - - - - 3/1 - 3/1 1935) * Hirudinea Pontobdella muricata (Linnaeus, - 16/110 3/43 2/18 5/35 3/11 - 29/217 1758) ∆ Decapoda Aegaeon cataphractus (Olivi, - - 4/16 5/12 2/27 14/18 5/35 30/108 1792) Calocaris macandreae Bell, 1853 - - 7/29 32/61 - - 3/28 42/118 Carcinus aestuarii Nardo, 1847 37/770 5/30 - - - - - 42/800 Clibanarius erythropus (Latreille, - 18/30 - - 5/24 - - 23/54 1818) Crangon crangon (Linnaeus, 1758) - - 20/190 - - - - 20/190 Dardanus arrosor (Herbst, 1796) 6/220 - - - 6/20 - - 12/240 Dardanus calidus (Risso, 1827)* - - - 2/9 - - - 2/9 Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829) 14/97 - 1/11 - 5/22 - 3/28 23/158 Eriphia verrucosa (Forskål, 1775) 9/387 44/15 - - - - - 53/402 Ethusa mascarone (Herbst, 1785) - - - - 1/165 - - 1/165 Galathea strigosa (Linnaeus, ------4/39 4/39 1761) Gennadas elegans (Smith, 1882) - - - - 22/185 - - 22/185 Gnathophyllum elegans (Risso, - - - - 3/18 - - 3/18 1816) Goneplax rhomboides (Linnaeus, - - 12/860 - 1/55 11/155 - 24/1070 1758) Homarus gammarus (Linnaeus, - - 1/2600 - - - - 1/2600 1758) Inachus dorsettensis (Pennant, 8/20 2/10 13/44 - 3/13 7/23 - 33/110 1777)

Inachus leptochirus Leach, 1817 - - - 6/18 - 1/2 9/37 16/57 Inachus thoracicus Roux, 1830 - - - - - 3/7 2/10 5/17 Jaxea nocturna Nardo, 1847 - - - 29/49 126/195 69/163 30/147 254/554 Liocarcinus corrugatus (Pennant, - - 2/10 - - - - 2/10 1777) Liocarcinus depurator (Linnaeus, 67/910 680/10494 51/898 536/6455 139/2273 572/3613 1259/15274 3304/39917 1758) Macropodia longirostris - 14/30 - 1/6 - 7/25 7/19 29/80 (Fabricius, 1775) Macropodia rostrata (Linnaeus, - 19/55 - - - - - 19/55 1761) Maja crispata Risso, 1827 4/105 5/300 - - 1/40 - - 10/445 Medorippe lanata (Linnaeus, - - - - 1/30 - 2/55 3/85 1767) Monodaeus couchii (Couch, 1851) - - - - - 3/19 - 3/19 Monodaeus guinotae Forest, 1976 - - 11/143 - - 6/38 - 17/181 Paguristes eremita (Linnaeus, 7/40 33/70 - - 8/95 - 7/33 55/238 1767) Pagurus cuanensis Thompson, - - 17/50 - - 2/5 18/126 37/181 1844 Pagurus forbesii Bell, 1846 - - 4/62 - - - - 4/62 Pagurus prideaux Leach, 1815 - - 8/81 - - - - 8/81 Palaemon adspersus Rathke, 1837 - - 15/43 5/22 4/25 3/10 7/43 34/143 Palaemon elegans Rathke, 1837 - 28/90 - - - - - 28/90 Palaemon serratus (Pennant, 7/5 59/180 26/122 - 21/102 4/10 - 117/419 1777) Palaemon xiphias Risso, 1816 - 5/22 - 7/33 - - - 12/55 Pandalina brevirostris (Rathke, - 6/20 3/20 1/4 5/41 - - 15/85 1843) Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 36/360 2155/20130 1665/15701 469/2962 1489/12506 1022/14612 312/3047 7148/69318 1846) Parasergestes vigilax (Stimpson, ------2/5 2/5 1860)* Pasiphaea sivado (Risso, 1816) - - 16/99 - - 25/155 - 41/254 Periclimenes scriptus (Risso, 1822) - - - - 4/11 - - 4/11 Pestarella tyrrhena (Petagna, ------4/19 4/19 1792) Pilumnus hirtellus (Linnaeus, 5/10 - 9/55 14/118 14/129 10/51 11/75 63/438 1761) Pisa nodipes (Leach, 1815) - - - - - 1/6 - 1/6 Pisidia longicornis (Linnaeus, 2/20 5/5 - - 1/11 - - 8/36 1767) Plesionika martia (A. Milne- - - 41/335 - - 2/22 - 43/357 Edwards, 1883)* Porcellana platycheles (Pennant, 3/40 ------3/40 1777) Solenocera membranacea (Risso, - - 23/192 10/76 - 11/70 26/230 70/568 1816) Stereomastis artuzi Artüz Kubanç - - - - - 4/44 - 4/44 & Kubanç, 2014 Stereomastis nana (Smith, 1884) * - - - - - 1/18 - 1/18 Typton spongicola O.G. Costa, - - - - 1/5 - 1/4 2/9 1844 Upogebia pusilla (Petagna, 1792) - 24/56 15/55 - 20/130 2/9 - 61/250 Xantho hydrophilus (Herbst, 1790) - - - - 6/400 - - 6/400 Xantho poressa (Olivi, 1792) - - 3/22 - - - - 3/22 Isopoda Nerocila bivittata (Risso, 1816)# - 14/35 - 5/35 1/8 - - 20/78 Rocinela dumerilii (Lucas, 1849)* ------1/4 1/4 Echinodermata Amphipholis squamata (Delle - - 5/21 33/51 - - - 38/72 Chiaje, 1828) Amphiura chiajei Forbes, 1843 - - - - 19/32 - - 19/32

Amphiura filiformis (O.F. Müller, - - 5/27 44/40 97/217 - - 146/284 1776) Anseropoda placenta (Pennant, - 2/24 10/121 84/457 28/135 8/90 38/590 170/1417 1777) Antedon bifida (Pennant, 1777)* - - - 2/9 - 11/18 - 13/27 Antedon mediterranea (Lamarck, 14/35 21/75 11/49 24/85,5 67/200 33/96 90/371 260/911,5 1816) Asterias amurensis Lutken, 1871 63/1530 102/1700 - 1/38 - - - 166/3268 Astropecten bispinosus (Otto, 1823) - - 20/255 70/422 - 73/160 14/80 177/917 Astropecten irregularis (Pennant, - - 18/101 18/43 6/157 7/65 - 49/366 1777) Astropecten spinulosus (Philippi, 5/610 135/1025 63/580 58/298 364/3075 47/60 139/1440 811/7088 1837) Brissus unicolor (Leske, 1778) - 19/340 - - - - - 19/340 Echinaster (Echinaster) sepositus - - 10/67 21/93 51/745 8/85 26/295 116/1285 (Retzius, 1783) Echinus melo Lamarck, 1816 7/180 - - - - - 5/95 12/275 Genocidaris maculata A. Agassiz, - - - 7/740 - - - 7/740 1869 Holothuria (Holothuria) tubulosa - - - - 11/950 - - 11/950 Gmelin, 1791 Holothuria (Panningothuria) - 10/225 - - - - 9/44 19/269 forskali Delle Chiaje, 1823* Holothuria (Rowethuria) poli Delle - - - - 6/850 - - 6/850 Chiaje, 1824* Labidoplax buskii (McIntosh, ------4/65 4/65 1866)* Leptometra phalangium (Müller, - - - - - 2/9 - 2/9 1841) Leptopentacta elongata (Düben & - 4/20 13/80 27/152 8/55 - 7/39 59/346 Koren, 1846) Leptopentacta tergestina (M. Sars, - 34/165 3/24 - 18/108 9/74 26/179 90/550 1857) Marthasterias glacialis (Linnaeus, 20/345 131/2940 114/2882 84/1305 232/2860 76/1608 673/7495 1330/19435 1758) Molpadia musculus Risso, 1826* - - - - 5/135 - - 5/135 Ocnus planci (Brandt, 1835) - 80/544 11/140 1/21 6/55 3/46 16/195 117/1001 Ocnus syracusanus (Grube, 1840) - 31/250 - - 18/115 1/11 90/685 140/1061 Panning, 1949* Ophiacantha setosa (Bruzelius, - - 15/64 - - 2/5 - 17/69 1805) Ophioderma longicauda 16/22 28/70 - 24/185 8/14 - 29/39 105/330 (Bruzelius, 1805) Ophiomyxa pentagona (Lamarck, - - 14/68 - 51/65 9/6 - 74/139 1816) Ophiopsila aranea Forbes, 1843 11/18 - - - - 9/1 18/21 38/40 Ophiothrix fragilis (Abildgaard, in - - - 11/16 29/36 13/13 - 53/65 O.F. Müller, 1789) Ophiothrix quinquemaculata - - - 1/0 34/49 18/25 - 53/74 (Delle Chiaje, 1828) Ophiura ophiura (Linnaeus, 1758) - 142/564 261/806 112/119 35/79 7/23 58/80 615/1671 Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 5/270 15/210 - - - - 5/42 25/522 1816) Parastichopus regalis (Cuvier, 15/975 80/4180 57/5810 14/4020 119/15650 - 82/7935 367/38570 1817) Peltaster placenta (Müller & - - - 1/21 - - - 1/21 Troschel, 1842) Phyllophorus (Phyllophorus) urna - - - 5/44 3/85 1/8 6/59 15/196 Grube, 1840 Psammechinus microtuberculatus - - 25/613 2/12 - - 130/1560 157/2185 (Blainville, 1825) Spatangus purpureus O.F. Müller, 121/2420 458/7320 4037/194272 138701/8300689 286513/4801900 31965/1598850 858438/6004077 1320233/20909528 1776 Thyone fusus (O.F. Müller, 1776) - - - - - 13/100 18/231 31/331

Ascidiacea Aplidium proliferum (Milne - - 3/39 5/15 - - - 8/54 Edwards, 1841)* Aplidium turbinatum (Savigny, - - 11/369 - - - - 11/369 1816) Ascidia conchilega Muller, 1776* - - - 2/14 - - - 2/14 Ascidia mentula Müller, 1776 - - - 33/321 - 1/8 12/1200 46/1529 Ascidia virginea Müller, 1776 - 144/1914 78/3057 36/377 135/1675 276/1642,4 402/5885 1071/14550,4 Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776) - - - 5/43 - - - 5/43 Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767) - - 71/1100 - 38/410 - 34/161 143/1671 Clavelina lepadiformis (Müller, - - - 23/34 56/65 9/99 7/84 95/282 1776)* Corella parallelogramma (Müller, - 15/45 36/360 - 27/98 3/55 - 81/558 1776) Microcosmus claudicans (Savigny, - - 3/27 - - - - 3/27 1816)* Microcosmus vulgaris Heller, 1877 - - - - - 7/236 - 7/236 Molgula appendiculata Heller, - - 4/115 - - - - 4/115 1877 Polycarpa pomaria (Savigny, 1816) - 9/170 - - - - - 9/170 Pycnoclavella nana (Lahille, 1890) - - 48/649 - - - - 48/649 Rhodosoma turcicum (Savigny, ------19/100 19/100 1816) * Rhopalaea neapolitana Philippi, - - 8/97 2/19 19/120 - - 29/236 1843 Styela canopus (Savigny, 1816) - - 7/63 - 9/65 - - 16/128 Chondrichthyes Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt 1/1322 ------1/1322 Galeus melastomus Rafinesque, ------1/1085 1/1085 1810 Oxynotus centrina (Linnaeus, 1758) ------1/2600 1/2600 Raja asterias Delaroche, 1809 5/340 1/160 - 1/240 - 4/430 - 11/1170 Raja brachyura Lafont, 1871 - - - 1/100 - - - 1/100 Raja clavata Linnaeus, 1758 5/950 37/34531 13/10760 3/3490 8/18740 4/1976 3/6720 73/77167 Raja miraletus Linnaeus, 1758 - - - - 1/80 - 1/100 2/180 Raja radula Delaroche, 1809 - - 1/700 - - - - 1/700 Scyliorhinus canicula (Linnaeus, - 1/80 1/100 2/380 4/535 5/1450 5/3900 18/6445 1758) Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 - - 1/200 - - - - 1/200 Torpedo torpedo (Linnaeus, 1758) 3/210 - - 1/40 - - - 4/250 Osteichthyes Arnoglossus laterna (Walbaum, - - - 3/109,9 - - 11/159,5 14/269,4 1792) Blennius ocellaris Linnaeus, 1758 - 14/130 11/470 2/31 8/100 1/40 7/0 43/771 Buglossidium luteum (Risso, 1810) - 3/20 1/190 - 3/15 - - 7/225 Callionymus lyra Linnaeus, 1758 7/90 55/805 10/150 43/420 7/82 3/80 9/303 134/1930 Carapus acus (Brünnich, 1768) - - 2/65 - 6/120 - 7/205 15/390 Centracanthus cirrus Rafinesque, ------1/41 1/41 1810 Chelidonichthys cuculus (Linnaeus, - - - 16/280 12/180 - 11/505 39/965 1758) Chelidonichthys lucerna (Linnaeus, - 9/1130 - 48/1430 34/2480 50/1800 14/1285 155/8125 1758) Citharus linguatula (Linnaeus, 1758) - - 15/400 77/948 99/1355 61/740 44/14811 296/18254 Coelorinchus caelorhincus (Risso, - - 24/1100 18/270 33/690 41/630 34/9670 150/12360 1810) Eutrigla gurnardus (Linnaeus, 1758) 13/110 - - 4/42,5 - - 2/320 19/472,5 Gaidropsarus mediterraneus - 6/95 1/40 - - - - 7/135 (Linnaeus, 1758) Gobius cruentatus Gmelin, 1789 - 42/380 117/1130 170/1885 - - 6/110 357/3613 Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758 32/620 72/905 4/100 8/135 6/75 23/300 8/45 165/2405,5 Gymnammodytes cicerelus - 3/20 - - - - - 3/20 (Rafinesque, 1810)

Hippocampus guttulatus Cuvier, ------8/43 8/43 1829 Hippocampus hippocampus - 9/30 - 2/7 1/4 - - 12/41 (Linnaeus, 1758) Iniistius pavo (Valenciennes, 1840) - 10/340 - - - - - 10/340 Lepidotrigla cavillone (Lacepède, - - 3/210 - - - - 3/210 1801) Lesueurigobius friesii (Malm, - - - 10/10 - - - 10/10 1874) Lesueurigobius suerii (Risso, 1810) - - - - 5/17 - - 5/17 Merlangius merlangus (Linnaeus, 22/300 120/1337 73/5975 447/8965 3/70 14/185,04 4/435 683/17267,04 1758) Merluccius merluccius (Linnaeus, 62/1850 118/4330 48/1468 149/7070 40/4460 83/5000 41/2400 541/26578 1758) Microchirus variegatus (Donovan, - 18/564 - - - - - 18/564 1808) Microlipophrys dalmatinus - 18/75 - - - - - 18/75 (Steindachner Molva macrophthalma - - - 1/60 8/54 - 2/35 11/149 (Rafinesque, 1810) Monochirus hispidus Rafinesque, - 4/30 - - - - - 4/30 1814 Mullus barbatus barbatus - - - 5/140 - - 10/303 15/443 Linnaeus, 1758 Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 10/90 93/1490 45/598 21/840 44/1770 8/180 92/1845 313/6813 Ophidion barbatum Linnaeus, 1758 - - - 2/10 - - - 2/10 Parablennius gattorugine - - 1/40 - - - - 1/40 (Linnaeus, 1758) Pegusa lascaris (Risso, 1810) - - - - 1/30 - 2/300 3/330 Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1/350 6/240 - 1/510 - - - 8/1100 Pomatoschistus marmoratus - - - - 202/1205 105/435 38/335 345/1975 (Risso, 1810) Sciaena umbra Linnaeus, 1758 3/80 ------3/80 Scorpaena notata Rafinesque, 1/130 ------1/130 1810 Scorpaena porcus Linnaeus, 1758 - - - - - 1/80 - 1/80 Scorpaena scrofa Linnaeus, 1758 - - - 1/280 - - 2/155 3/435 Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 9/100 231/2240 193/2150 241/2961 229/2997 305/4416 335/3253 1543/18117 Solea solea (Linnaeus, 1758) 1/80 31/1620 - 8/200 2/100 8/1335,48 4/315 54/3650,48 Spicara smaris (Linnaeus, 1758) 152/2800 268/5580 67/820 67/1920 52/870 59/1465 51/1189 716/14644 Symphodus cinereus (Bonnaterre, - - - - 1/15 - - 1/15 1788) Symphodus ocellatus (Linnaeus, 1758) - 10/105 - - - - 1/20 11/125 Symphodus rostratus (Bloch, 1791) - - - 2/110 - - - 2/110 Syngnathus phlegon Risso, 1827 ------1/14,7 1/14,7 Syngnathus taenionotus - 12/55 - - 1/5 - 1/10 14/70 Canestrini, 1871 Thorogobius macrolepis - 8/60 - - - - - 8/60 (Kolombatovic, 1891) Trachinus draco Linnaeus, 1758 - - 4/200 1/60 2/130 1/50 - 8/440 Trachurus mediterraneus - - - - - 8/98,76 - 8/98,76 (Steindachner, 1868) Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, - 33/200 24/200 2/40 26/510 15/285 219/1498 319/2733 1758) Trigla lyra Linnaeus, 1758 18/370 28/860 8/550 19/335 38/556 18/602,5 5/80 134/3353,5 Trigloporus lastoviza (Bonnaterre, - - 3/210 - - - 2/150 5/360 1788) Uranoscopus scaber Linnaeus, - - 3/210 - 1/200 2/90 - 6/500 1758 Zebrus zebrus (Risso, 1827) - 12/60 - - - - - 12/60 Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758 - 1/80 - - - - - 1/80

*New record for Sea of Marmara; ∆Found on host Raja clavata; #Found on host Spicara smaris.