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Sổ Tay Cài Đặt Debian GNU/Linux

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Sổ Tay Cài Đặt Debian GNU/Linux Sổ tay Cài đặt Debian GNU/Linux July 31, 2021 Sổ tay Cài đặt Debian GNU/Linux Bản quyền © 2004 – 2021 nhóm trình cài đặt Debian Sổ tay này là phần mềm tự do; bạn có thể phát hành lại nó và/hay sửa đổi nó với điều kiện của Giấy Phép Công Cộng GNU (GPL). Xem giấy phép trong Phụ lục F. Build version of this manual: 20210730. i Contents 1 Chào mừng bạn dùng Debian 1 1.1 Debian là gì vậy? . 1 1.2 GNU/Linux là gì vậy? . 1 1.3 Debian GNU/Linux là gì vậy? . 2 1.4 What is the Debian Installer? . 3 1.5 Lấy Debian . 3 1.6 Lấy phiên bản mới nhất của tài liệu này . 3 1.7 Cấu trúc của tài liệu này . 3 1.8 Về tác quyền và giấy phép phần mềm . 4 2 Hệ thống Yêu cầu 5 2.1 Phần cứng được hỗ trợ . 5 2.1.1 Kiến trúc được hỗ trợ . 5 2.1.2 Three different ARM ports . 6 2.1.3 Variations in ARM CPU designs and support complexity . 6 2.1.4 Platforms supported by Debian/armel . 6 2.1.5 Platforms and devices no longer supported by Debian/armel . 6 2.1.6 Graphics Hardware Support . 7 2.1.7 Phần cứng khả năng kết nối mạng . 7 2.1.8 Ngoại vi và phần cứng khác . 7 2.2 Thiết bị cần thiết phần vững . 7 2.3 Mua phần cứng đặc biệt cho GNU/Linux . 7 2.3.1 Tránh phần mềm sở hữu hay bị đóng . 8 2.4 Vật chứa trình cài đặt . 8 2.4.1 Đĩa CD-ROM/DVD-ROM/BD-ROM . 8 2.4.2 Mạng . 8 2.4.3 Đĩa cứng . 9 2.4.4 Hệ thống Un*x hay GNU . 9 2.4.5 Hệ thống cất giữ được hỗ trợ . 9 2.5 Bộ nhớ và sức chứa trên đĩa cần thiết . 9 3 Trước khi cài đặt Debian GNU/Linux 10 3.1 Toàn cảnh tiến trình cài đặt . 10 3.2 Sao lưu mọi dữ liệu đã có đi ! . 11 3.3 Thông tin cần thiết . 11 3.3.1 Tài liệu hướng dẫn . 11 3.3.1.1 Sổ tay cài đặt . 11 3.3.1.2 Tài liệu hướng dẫn về phần cứng . 11 3.3.2 Tìm nguồn thông tin về phần cứng . 11 3.3.3 Khả năng tương thích của phần cứng . 12 3.3.3.1 Testing hardware compatibility with a Live-System . 13 3.3.4 Thiết lập mạng . 13 3.4 Thoả tiêu chuẩn phần cứng tối thiểu . 13 3.5 Phân vùng sẵn cho hệ thống đa khởi động . 14 3.6 Phần cứng cài đặt sẵn và thiết lập hệ điều hành . 14 3.6.1 ARM firmware . 14 3.6.2 Setting the ethernet MAC address in U-Boot . 15 3.6.3 Kernel/Initrd/Device-Tree relocation issues in U-Boot . 15 ii CONTENTS 4 Lấy vật chứa cài đặt hệ thống 16 4.1 Official Debian GNU/Linux installation images . 16 4.2 Tải tập tin xuống máy nhân bản Debian . 16 4.2.1 Where to Find Installation Files . 16 4.2.1.1 Tập tin cài đặt Kurobox Pro . 16 4.2.1.2 Tập tin cài đặt HP mv2120 . 16 4.2.1.3 Tập tin cài đặt QNAP Turbo Station . 17 4.2.1.4 Tập tin Cài đặt Máy tính Đầu gắn điện (Plug Computer) và OpenRD . 17 4.2.1.5 LaCie NASes Installation Files . 17 4.3 Chuẩn bị tập tin để khởi động qua mạng TFTP . 17 4.3.1 Thiết lập trình phục vụ RARP . 17 4.3.2 Thiết lập trình phục vụ DHCP . 17 4.3.3 Thiết lập trình phục vụ BOOTP . 18 4.3.4 Bật chạy trình phục vụ TFTP . 19 4.3.5 Xác định vị trí của ảnh TFTP . 19 4.4 Cài đặt tự động . 19 4.4.1 Tự động cài đặt dùng trình cài đặt Debian . 19 4.5 Verifying the integrity of installation files . 19 5 Khởi động Hệ thống Cài đặt 21 5.1 Khởi động trình cài đặt trên 32-bit soft-float ARM . 21 5.1.1 Boot image formats . 21 5.1.2 Khởi động từ TFTP . 21 5.1.2.1 TFTP-booting in U-Boot . 21 5.2 Khả năng truy cập . 22 5.2.1 Installer front-end . 22 5.2.2 Thiết bị bảng . 22 5.2.3 Sắc thái cao tương phản . 22 5.2.4 Zoom . 23 5.2.5 Expert install, rescue mode, automated install . 23 5.2.6 Accessibility of the installed system . 23 5.3 Tham số khởi động . 23 5.3.1 Boot console . 23 5.3.2 Tham số trình cài đặt Debian . 23 5.3.3 Dùng tham số khởi động để trả lời câu hỏi . 25 5.3.4 Gửi tham số cho mô-đun hạt nhân . 26 5.3.5 Cấm mô-đun hạt nhân . 26 5.4 Giải đáp thắc mắc trong tiến trình cài đặt . 26 5.4.1 Reliability of optical media . 26 5.4.1.1 Vấn đề thường gặp . 27 5.4.1.2 Cách xem xét và có thể quyết định vấn đề . 27 5.4.2 Cấu hình khởi động . 28 5.4.3 Giải thích thông điệp khởi chạy hạt nhân . 28 5.4.4 Thông báo vấn đề cài đặt . 28 5.4.5 Đệ trình báo cáo cài đặt . 28 6 Sử dụng trình cài đặt Debian 30 6.1 Trình cài đặt hoạt động như thế nào . ..
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