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Intermediate Wheatgrass: Food Science Work To
Intermediate Wheatgrass: Food Science Work to Develop Applications Food Science Groups: Mirko Bunzel ([email protected]) BaraemBaraem(Pam)(Pam) Ismail Ismail ([email protected]([email protected]) DevinDevin PetersonPeterson ([email protected]([email protected]) ) Tonya Schoenfuss ([email protected]) Koushik Seetharaman Lab (Dr.(Dr. Alessandra Marti [email protected]@umn.edu) George Annor Lab ([email protected]) What is Food Science and Why are We Working on IWG? Food science is the study of the physical, biological, and chemical makeup of food; and the concepts underlying food processing. Food technology is the application of food science to the selection, preservation, processing, packaging, distribution, and use of safe food. To Use Any Food Ingredient on an Industry Scale, we need to understand: • Functionality – how do the protein and starch behave when we cook or bake with IWG? – Can we modify this through processing? Breeding for certain traits? • Storage stability – What impacts shelf-life? Lipids? Enzymes? – Can we control this through processing? • Flavor – How does it compare to other grains and products we know? – What is unique about it? • Nutrients – What is its composition? – Are the unique components? Are there any anti-nutritional factors? Benefits and Challenges of IWG - Composition of IWG Compared to Wheat Composition IWG Composition Whole Wheat (average of 13 breeding populations) (Hard red spring) ash, 2.7% fat, 4.2% ash, 1.8% HRW protein, 12.0% fat, 3.1% 26 g/1000 seeds IWG (2004) 3.9 g/1000 seeds protein, 21.6% carbohydrates 71.5% carbohydrates , 83.0% More protein More carbohydrates Intermediate Wheatgrass (2015) IWG (2015) Protein, 16.4% 5.1 g/1000 seeds Fat, 5.04% Ash, 2.30% Carbohydrate, 75.8% Importance of Protein & Starch for Product Functionality • Proteins can be used to hold gas in baked goods (bread & popovers). -
Perennializing Grain Crop Agriculture: a Pathway for Climate Change Mitigation & Adaption a White Paper for the Philanthropic Community
Perennializing Grain Crop Agriculture: A Pathway for Climate Change Mitigation & Adaption A white paper for the philanthropic community The Land Institute, Salina, KS February 13, 2020 Perennial grain crops deliver dramatic amounts of carbon to the soil, as illustrated by the extensive root system of intermediate wheatgrass (left) compared to annual wheat (right). Intermediate wheatgrass produces Kernza® perennial grain. Photo: Jim Richardson Authors: Fred Iutzi, MS and Tim Crews, PhD Contact: Timothy Crews, PhD Director of Research, The Land Rachel Stroer, Institute [email protected] Acting President, The Land Institute [email protected] The Land Institute, 2440 E. Water Well Rd., Salina, KS 67401 www.landinstitute.org 785-823-5376 1 CONTENTS Contents .............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 3 Climate change mitigation & adaptation through perennial grain crops – non-technical narrative.............................................................................................................................................................. 4 Perennializing grain crops is a major untapped carbon sequestration opportunity ....... 4 How perennial grains can sequester large amounts of carbon in the soil ............................ 5 Transformational benefits -
The Necessity and Possibility of an Agriculture Where Nature Is the Measure
Conservation in Context The Necessity and Possibility of an Agriculture Where Nature is the Measure Across the farmlands of the world, cli- pesticides have seriously degraded yield crops that feed humanity— mate change overshadows an ecolog- this gift of good land, the best con- including rice, wheat, corn, soy- ical and cultural crisis of unequaled tiguous stretch in the world. beans, and peanuts—are annuals. scale: soil erosion, loss of wild bio- In California rich valleys and reli- With cropping of annuals (alive just diversity, poisoned land and water, able snow pack in a Mediterranean part of the year and weakly rooted salinization, nitrates, expanding dead environment lessen the problem of even then), comes more loss of pre- zones, the loss of farmers, and demise soil erosion. But there is spraying, cious soil, nutrients, and water. of rural communities. Rapid climate salinization, accumulation of toxins But the problem of agriculture is change seems certain to amplify the in the delta, and loss of farmland to about more than the annual condi- consequences, but it would be a cri- sprawl. tion. It is also about growing them in sis regardless. The same thing driv- I could continue the inventory, but the unnatural condition of vast mono- ing climate change helps drive agri- the point is each region has its own cultures. This makes harvest easy, but cultural crisis, and, until recently, problems and opportunities. So we these fields of annual monocultures helped mask it; cheap fossil fuel and must acknowledge that all success- have only one kind of root architec- the things made from it, including ful corrections will be local. -
The Land Report a Publication of the Land Institute / Number 86 / Fall 2006
The Land Report A publication of The Land Institute / Number 86 / Fall 2006 The Sunflower Why It’s a Crop, What This Costs the Land, and How We Work to Change That Contents The Land Institute Mission Statement Features When people, land and community are as one, all The Sunflower three members prosper; when they relate not as David Van Tassel members but as competing interests, all three are Why It’s a Crop, What This Costs the Land, exploited. By consulting nature as the source and and How We Work to Change That .................................4 measure of that membership, The Land Institute To Shatter, or Not to Shatter ................................................7 seeks to develop an agriculture that will save soil Production and Uses of Sunflower .......................................9 from being lost or poisoned, while promoting a A Native Gets Culture Abroad ...........................................11 community life at once prosperous and enduring. The Hybrid Ethos ...............................................................13 Why Sunflowers Follow the Sun .......................................14 Prairie Festival Land Institute Staff Land Institute Our Barn Spilleth Over ......................................................16 Ron Armstrong Board of Directors What Draws Them .............................................................18 Scott Bontz Anne Simpson Byrne Recordings .........................................................................20 Cindy Cox Strachan Donnelley Sheila Cox Terry Evans Long View, Lost -
'Is the Future of Agriculture Perennial?'
‘Is the Future of Agriculture Perennial?’ LUND, 6-10TH OF MAY 2019 2 ABSTRACTS FOR ‘IS THE FUTURE OF AGRICULTURE PERENNIAL?’, LUND, 6-10TH OF MAY 2019 Abstracts Keynote talks Tuesday 7/5 Wes Jackson, The Land Institute Nature Systems Agriculture and the Need for a Creaturely World View Natural Systems Agriculture began less than a year after our 1976 beginning when my students and I took a field trip to a native Kansas Prairie. Noting the contrast between nature’s prairie and annual grain monocultures the reality of nature’s wisdom and the failure of human cleverness was clear. Perennial grain polycultures research began, but with full awareness that science is embedded in dominating social organizations which must be well understood if we are to address the countless problems in our climate changing ecosphere. To that end I will give a brief history of our origins and argue for a information rich creaturely world view to replace the industrial mind. John Head, Kansas University Is the Future of Agroecological Governance also Perennial? In addition to the scientific innovations that will allow us to give an affirmative answer to the central question of this conference – “Is the Future of Agriculture Perennial?” – we must also consider and design legal and institutional innovations, especially at the global level, that can facilitate an effective transformation from modern extractive agriculture to agroecological husbandry. These reforms in agroecological governance should give special emphasis to (i) reconceptualizing state sovereignty to reflect 21st- century realities and (ii) introducing new legal entities (“eco-states”) with authority to manage agroecological matters in ways that will address the soil and climate crises. -
The Land Report a Publication of the Land Institute / Number 92 / Fall 2008
The Land Report A publication of The Land Institute / Number 92 / Fall 2008 yy country,country, my my America, America, defineddefined patriotismpatriotism as asa a willingnesswillingness to to sacrifice. sacrifice. IfIf wewe couldcould do do that that once, once, wewe could do do that that again. again. We couldWe could take the take the AmericanAmerican flag flag down down from fromthe outlet the outletmall and mall andplant plant it at theit at victory the victory garden. garden.–Barbara –BarbaraKingsolver Kingsolver Will the Real Conservatives Please Stand Up? plus Changing Heroes At the Land Breeding Perennial Rice in China n September, Land Institute plant breeders Stan Cox and David Van Tassel visited breeders in China who are developing perennial varieties of rice, arguably the world’s most important food crop, on which some I3 billion people depend. Cox went on to see Australians working toward perennial wheat. The Land Institute supports both efforts, to spread development of perennial grains beyond its own climate and geography. Cox and Van Tassel drove through the countryside of Yunnan Province in south China and saw cropping on frighteningly steep slopes with no terraces to curb erosion. Most of the crops were corn, with some sunflower. But much of the rice in south Yunnan, northern Vietnam, Laos, Burma and Thailand is grown on hillsides, not in flat, lowland paddies. This upland rice is what the Chinese are breeding to be a perennial crop, though paddy hybrids might follow. At Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences’ experiment station on Hainan Island, off the south coast of mainland China, Cox and Van Tassel were impressed by rice nurseries of descendants from a single hybrid plant that Yunnan’s Tao Dayun made 10 years ago in a difficult cross between cultivated rice, Oryza sativa, and a wild African species, Oryza longistaminata. -
2020 MEDIA KIT Currently in Production for Its 11Th Season with 13 Episodes Slated for September-2020 Launch
2020 MEDIA KIT Currently in production for its 11th season with 13 episodes slated for September-2020 Launch. Growing a Greener World® (GGW) is an award-winning, a public television series, distributed by American Public Televisioin, airing on PBS stations across the country and on CREATE TV, focused on organic gardening, sustainability, and green living. Airing 52 weeks a year in 175 markets across the United States; the series features accessible and cutting-edge topics, compelling and expertly-told stories, and stunning visual imagery for its ever-growing network of broadcast and web communities. Joe Lamp’l (a.k.a. joe gardener), a recognized leader in organic gardening and authority within the sustainability movement, serves as host and executive producer of this inspiring journey. His vast expertise and engaging personality make him ideally suited to connect with audiences. Thanks to multiple TV series; websites, and podcasts, Joe has become a trusted go-to resource for millions in the fields of organic gardening, environmental and eco-friendly living, urban homesteading, farm-to-table growing, harvesting, and preserving the harvest. With nearly 200 episodes already in the archives, the Growing a Greener World® crew travels across the country, from its headquarters north of Atlanta to gardens and farms in nearly every state and beyond. The team captures remarkable stories of visionary people and unique places changing our world for the better, each in their own impactful way. While Growing a Greener World® appeals to traditional audiences with educational content and visually rich storytelling, there is also a noticeably fresh energy in each episode that deeply resonates with younger viewers. -
Land Report the Land Institute ∙ Summer 2011 the Land Institute
LAND REPORT THE LAND INSTITUTE ∙ SUMMER 2011 THE LAND INSTITUTE MISSION STATEMENT DIRECTORS When people, land and community are as one, all three members Anne Simpson Byrne prosper; when they relate not as members but as competing inter- Vivian Donnelley Terry Evans ests, all three are exploited. By consulting nature as the source and Pete Ferrell measure of that membership, The Land Institute seeks to develop an Jan Flora agriculture that will save soil from being lost or poisoned, while pro- Wes Jackson moting a community life at once prosperous and enduring. Patrick McLarney Conn Nugent Victoria Ranney OUR WORK Lloyd Schermer Thousands of new perennial grain plants live year-round at The Land John Simpson Institute, prototypes we developed in pursuit of a new agriculture Donald Worster that mimics natural ecosystems. Grown in polycultures, perennial Angus Wright crops require less fertilizer, herbicide and pesticide. Their root sys- tems are massive. They manage water better, exchange nutrients more STAFF e∞ciently and hold soil against the erosion of water and wind. This Scott Bontz strengthens the plants’ resilience to weather extremes, and restores Carrie Carpenter Marty Christians the soil’s capacity to hold carbon. Our aim is to make conservation a Cindy Cox consequence, not a casualty, of agricultural production. Sheila Cox Stan Cox LAND REPORT Lee DeHaan Ti≠any Durr Land Report is published three times a year. issn 1093-1171. The edi- Jerry Glover tor is Scott Bontz. To use material from the magazine, reach him at Adam Gorrell [email protected], or the address or phone number below. -
Annual Report 2019 About the Land Institute
Annual Report 2019 About The Land Institute Since 1976, The Land Institute has worked to transform grain agriculture globally from a system of extractive domination to one of generative care. Nature is our measure and from nature we are given two values that are key to a truly regenerative agriculture and to a healthy, just society in equilibrium with the earth of which it is a part: perenniality and diversity. Our team of plant breeders and ecologists, together with collaborators on six continents, are working to develop perennial grains, pulses, and oilseed bearing plants to be grown in ecologically intensified, diverse crop mixtures. When realized, this new agricultural system promises to hold and restore soil, produce ample food, require less fossil fuels, conserve water, and mitigate and endure the impacts of climate change. In tandem, we are working to extend the insights of this new agricultural system to aid human communities to live in just relationships within an ecospheric standard. The Land Institute is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) research and education organization funded by charitable contributions from individuals, organizations, and private foundations. Cover: Megan Gladbach, a perennial sorghum technician at The Land Institute, battles weeds with a hoe in a field of sorghum. The Institute is breeding sorghum to be a perennial food crop. Above: Crystal Ma, left, and Sienna Polk (interns) carry bags of harvested perennial wheat to the edge of a breed- ing plot for pickup. The wheat will later be threshed and analyzed in the lab. Looking on is Piyush Labhsetwar, a perennial wheat research technician. -
2440 E. Water Well Rd., Salina, Kansas 67416 [email protected]
Kernza® Collaborators In 2009, Kernza® domestication was the part-time project of one scientist at The Land Institute (TLI). It was, however, a surprisingly successful project given the limited resources invested to that point. Therefore, in 2010, Lee DeHaan, PhD, was assigned to the project full-time to accelerate the domestication work and expand it through collaborations with other institutions. Results at this point were showing great potential to increase the yield through plant breeding and to develop products with great flavor and nutritional properties. Furthermore, the potential of perennial crops to dramatically improve soil health and sustainability was becoming widely recognized. Therefore, many collaborators soon joined in the research effort. Expansion of the research was expedited by increasing investment in this area by private philanthropists, federal grant programs, and state/provincial funding. Yield of Kernza is strictly limited by the genetic potential of the seed currently available. Breeding programs for diverse regions are therefore a top priority. Currently, four breeding programs are underway in Utah, Minnesota, and Manitoba, and Kansas. These programs collaborate, but they are developing plant types uniquely adapted to each of the different regions. Techniques for growing Kernza that maximize both yield and sustainability are needed as farmers begin to plant expanded fields. Intercropping, grazing, burning, and thinning are being tested experimentally to determine their impacts on crop yield, profitability, and important sustainability metrics such as carbon sequestration in soils. Since management techniques have different impacts depending on soil and climate, these trials must be conducted across the full geographic range where Kernza will be grown. -
The Land Report Is Published Three BOARD of DIRECTORS: Sally the Previous Day, 15 Friends of the Times a Year
The L and Report A publication of The Land Institute | Number 70 | Summer 2001 25th Anniversary Issue Contents Energy in Agriculture and Society: Insights from the Sunshine Farm by Marty Bender . 3 The Emperor’s New Chromosomes by Stan Cox . 6 The Land at 25 . 9 Seeking Harmony Beyond Hard Facts by Wes Jackson . 20 On Freedom and Wisdom by Learned Hand . 21 At the Land . 22 Graduates’ Study of Natural Systems Agriculture . 25 Our Mission Statement Memorials and Honorary Gifts . 27 When people, land and community are as one, all three members prosper; Contributors . 28 when they relate not as members but as Prairie Festival 2000 Audiotape Order Form . 30 competing interests, all three are A Big View of Industrial Agriculture’s Effects . 31 exploited. By consulting nature as the Friend of The Land and source and measure of that member - Prairie Festival 2001 Registration . 31 ship, The Land Institute seeks to develop an agriculture that will save soil from being lost or poisoned while promoting a community life at once prosperous and enduring. Cover: Terry Evans . On Oct. 16, 1976, six weeks after our first session began, fire destroyed the classroom building, which had all of the books and tools. This picture was taken three weeks later, Nov. 6. The Land Report is published three BOARD OF DIRECTORS: Sally The previous day, 15 friends of The times a year. Cole, Terry Evans, Pete Ferrell, Land worked from daylight until Charles Francis, Amy Goldman, dusk on a log structure at the site of Editor: Wes Jackson Wes Jackson, Rhonda Janke, the burned building. -
Institutional Politics, Power Constellations, and Urban Social Sustainability: a Comparative-Historical Analysis Jason M
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2014 Institutional Politics, Power Constellations, and Urban Social Sustainability: A Comparative-Historical Analysis Jason M. Laguna Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PUBLIC POLICY INSTITUTIONAL POLITICS, POWER CONSTELLATIONS, AND URBAN SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY: A COMPARATIVE-HISTORICAL ANALYSIS By JASON M. LAGUNA A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Sociology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2014 Jason M. Laguna defended this dissertation on May 30, 2014. The members of the supervisory committee were: Douglas Schrock Professor Directing Dissertation Andy Opel University Representative Jill Quadagno Committee Member Daniel Tope Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii This is dedicated to all the friends, family members, and colleagues whose help and support made this possible. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. vi Abstract .......................................................................................................................................