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Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit A Road of Memories School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit Table of Contents Pre-Assessmen ……………………………………………………………………………….. i A Road of Memories (story) ………………………………………………………………….1-5 Dictionary ……………………………………………………………………………………. 6 Relating Text Information to a Map …………………………………………………………. 7-8 Relating Text Information to a Map – Answer key ………………………………………….. 7a-8a World Map …………………………………………………………………………………… 9 Canada Map ………………………………………………………………………………….. 10 West Kootenay Region Map …………………………………………………………………. 11 West Kootenay Region Map teachers copy ………………………………………………….. 11a Finding Directions on a Map …………………………………………………………………. 12 Finding Directions on a Map (answer sheet) …………………………………………………. 12a The History of Our Area - Timeline (teacher's preview of activity) ………………………….. 13 The History of Our Area – Timeline ………………………………………………………….. 14 The History of Our Area - Timeline (answer sheet) ………………………………………….. 14a Kilometre Run: Scale and Direction ………………………………………………………….. 15 West Kootenay Region Map ………………………………………………………………….. 16 Using a Map Grid to Describe Position ………………………………………………………. 17-18 Using a Map Grid to Describe Position (answer sheet) ………………………………………. 17a-18a Voyage to Trail Creek Game …………………………………………………………………. 19 World Map (gameboard) ……………………………………………………………………… 20 World Map Game Cards ………………………………………………………………………. 20a-b Create a Post Card ……………………………………………………………………………… 21 Postcard Criteria (teacher) ……………………………………………………………………… 21a Sketch Map (Extension Activity) ……………………………………………………………… 22 Sketch Map (Extension Activity) (Teacher's Guide) …………………………………………... 22a Criterion Referenced Test ……………………………………………………………………… I-V Criterion Referenced Test (answer sheet) ……………………………………………………… Ia-Va Resources ………………………………………………………………………………………. Appendix School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit PRE-ASSESSMENT A. What is an immigrant? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ B. Name the provinces and territories of Canada _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ _______________________________ C. Name the rivers that were important to the growth of our area. _______________________________ _______________________________ D. Why do you think Rossland was so important to the growth of Trail, Beaver Valley and Castlegar? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Page i School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit A ROAD OF MEMORIES Today Miss Hendricks asked each of us to document the life of an older person who immigrated to Canada and be prepared to share what we learned with other members of the class. I knew exactly who I was going to get my information from. After school, I ran home checking in with my mom before heading off to visit my great-grandparents who told such wonderful stories of the "good o1' days". My great-grandparents were just sitting down to their afternoon tea and cookies when I arrived and excitedly told them about my assignment. We settled in their comfortable living room and Great-grandfather and Great- grandmother relived their younger days. Life for Great-grandfather and his young bride, my 90 year old Great-grandmother Delia, was hard in Italy. After many discussions, it was decided that they would emigrate to western Canada where they had cousins and where they hoped to make a better life for themselves. S.S. Nasookin "It was very sad saying good-bye to my only brother," my Great- grandmother recounts. "He took us to board me ocean liner Grampion at the port of Amsterdam, and we headed west across the Atlantic Ocean. When we arrived in Quebec City one week later, we boarded the Canadian Pacific Railway which brought us as far as Image Courtesy BC Archives I-60920 Page 1 School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit Kootenay Landing in British Columbia. After arriving at Kootenay Landing, we travelled on the S.S. Nasookin, a sternwheeler, up Kootenay Lake to Nelson. In Nelson, we boarded a train to Castlegar. I was very weary when I got off the last train in Trail. Neither of us spoke English and we had to find shelter. It was very hard. Thanks to the discovery of gold and copper deposits surrounding Rossland in the 1890's, Great-grandfather told of how employment was easy to find in the early 1900's in Trail. Two men named Eugene Topping and Frank Hanna hoped mining in Rossland would be profitable and purchased land at the mouth of Trail Creek on the Columbia River at what was then called Trail Creek Landing. They divided the land into town lots. They hoped that they could get wealthy by selling the lots. The Rossland mines proved to be very rich in gold and copper ore and the lots in the Trail Creek town site sold quickly in 1895. Rossland became the premier mining centre in North America. In 1895, Topping was really lucky and sold some of his land to F.A. Heinze. Heinze wanted to build a smelter just above the Trail Creek town site. The smelter would treat the ore from Rossland and it would be shipped to markets outside the Kootenays using railroad or river transportation. The smelter was sold and then came to be called Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada (CM&S) and is now known as Cominco. People came from all over looking for jobs. The city we now know as Trail was born. This area was busy with mining in Rossland and smelting in Trail. There were trains that ran daily between the two towns. "By the time your great-grandmother and I arrived in 1928, jobs were not so easy to find. We rented a crude shack. I had difficulty finding work. We survived because I fished in the mighty Columbia River and hunted grouse by Sheep Creek. We would go down to the river and wade out to get logs that were floating by, haul them home and chop them. They would dry and we would use them to keep us warm in the winter. It was the Depression and instead of having people on relief the government made me and other men work at Oasis or up by China Creek where we widened the road between Trail and Castlegar. We worked with pick and shovel for our food plus ten cents a day. I was thankful. Page 2 School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit In we were so got a 1934, excited. I got a job on the CM&S Farm in Warfield. The workers got free milk. The CM&S Company believed that drinking milk would reduce the danger of the bad effects of lead dust. The pollution from the smelter was horrible in those days and breathing in lead dust could cause poor health. But me, I was happy. We had a family and I was quite comfortable with the English language. There were no conveniences of today. No electricity for our shack until later; we used gas lamps, had an outdoor toilet, and water for indoor use came from a well. CM&S Farm in Warfield Image courtesy BC Archives B-05032 Time passed and our family grew. I changed jobs and became a labourer in the lead refinery at CM&S. It was back-breaking work in poor working conditions; but we had money. Unfortunately, the air was so bad that the children were often sick. Small communities about 30 kilometres outside of Trail were springing up. It was 1946 and Delia and I discussed moving east to Beaver Valley or Columbia Gardens or north to the newly established Village of Castlegar. Page 3 School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia) Columbia Connections Curriculum Project Grade 5 Unit We chose Castlegar. It has real history, too. We purchased the very home we are in today. Across the river at Brilliant were immigrants from a part of Russia. They called themselves Doukhobors; they were peace loving, hard working people. They began coming to this area in 1912. Years ago, they cleared land for their farms and grew fruit and vegetables so they could keep their traditional vegetarian diet. Work was very hard. It was all hand labour using basic tools like axes, hand-saws and shovels. Some of Great Grandfather working in the lead furnaces Image Courtesy BC Archives I-28336 the wood cleared from the land was put on barges of logs tied together with wires and floated down the Columbia River to be sold to CM&S in Trial to fire the lead furnaces. That’s the area where I worked. Image Courtesy BC Archives D-07005 Our old neighbours, the Silva family, were Portuguese descent from the country of Portugal. They came looking for a better life, too. I remember Mr. Silva telling us that they first arrived in Montreal and then came to the Nelson area to work for the Canadian Pacific Railway. He then took a job in the construction trade. Good people, salt of the earth folks! School District #20 (Kootenay-Columbia)
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