'4676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE, JULY 18,
Bland :Boone Bradford Bradley, John H. Caldwell, William P. Caldwell. Camp Mr. SHERMAN. What is the question t bell, Cason, C~te. Caulfield, John B. Clarke of Kentnc~, John B. C~ark 1 _jr., of Mis The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Journal has already been read. souri, Clymer, Cochrane, Cook, Culberson, CuUe_r, DaVIS, Davy, D1~reu, Douglas, Eden, Egbert, Evans, Finley, Forney, Fort, Goo~n, Andrew H.liamilton, Hancock, Mr. EDMUNDS. It has not been approved T Har~ell, Hatcher, Henkle, Hill, Holman, Hopkins, Hunter, Jenk~, Frank Jones, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. It has not been approved if there Knott, Franklin Lan.!~rs, Levv, Luttrell, Lynde, L. A. Mackey, Maish, ~cFarland, is objection. It will be considered approved if there be no objection. Mills, Monroe, Morgan, New, Pop~leton, ~?tter, Rea, ~agan, J?hn Reill_y, James Mr. EDMUNDS. I ask if we have a quorum presentT B. Reilly, Rice, Ridill.e, John Robbms .. William M: Robbms, Roblll8on, Miles_Ross, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The attention of the Chair being Rusk, Sa.va"'e, Scs.lAs, Slemons, William E. Smith, Sparks1 Spencer, Sprmger, St.evenson, §tone, 'Throckmorton, Tucker! TurneY., Van Vorn~, John L. Vance, called to it, there is not a quorum present. The Secretary will call Robert B. Vance, Gilbert C. Walker, Walling, Whitehouse, Whitthorne, James D. the roll of the Senate. Williams, and Benjamin Wilson-90. The Secretary called the roll of the Senate, and thirty-seven Sen NOT VOTING-M688rs. Adams, Atkins, Ba~oy, Banning, Bass, Beebe, Black burn, BliM, Blount, Buokner, Cabell. Caswell, Chapin, Chittenden, Co!J.ina, Cowan, ators answered to their names. Crounse, Denison, Dobbins, Durham, ~. Ely, Faulkner, Franklin. Fr_eeman, The PRESIDENT pro tempore. A quorum being now present, the Fuller Gibson, Glover Goode Robert Hamilton, Haralson, Henry R. HarriS, Har Journal will stand approved, if there be no objection. rison, Hathorn, Haym~nd, H~ndee, Hereford, Abram S. Hewitt, Goldsmith W. Hewitt Hoar Hoge, Hooker, Honse, Hunton, Hurd, ·Hyman.:l Thomas L. Jones, HOUSE BILLS REFERRED. Joyce, lnmb~ll, ~g. Lane, Lapham, Lawrence, Lewis, Loru. Lynch, McC!~Y· McMahon, Metcalfe, Money, Mu~hler, Neal, Odell, Payne, Phelps, ~ohn F. Philips, The following bills from the House of Reprelientatives were sever Platt, Purman, Roberts, Sobieski.. Ross, Sayler, Seelye, Sheakley. Sm~~n, South ally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on ard, Stenger, Stowell, Swann, Thomas,_ 'Yaldron, Walsh, War~ 1 .G. w 1ley Wells, Pensions: Wheeler White Willard Andrew Wil.liruns, Alpheus S. Wllllams. Charles G. Willi~, J ames'Williams; James Wilson, Alan Wood, jr., Fernando Wood, Wood A bill (H. R. No. 3894) granting a pension to Mrs. Elizabeth Cus worth, Yeates, and Young-96. ter, widow of the late George A. Custer; and A bill (H. R. N(). 3896) granting a pension to Maria. Custer and Before the result of the vote waa announced, Emanuel H. Custer. ENROLLED BILL SIGNED. The following bill and joint resolution from the Honse of Repre Mr. HAMIL TO~, of Indiana, by unanimous co:risentt from the Com sentatives were severally read twice by their titles, and referred to mittee on Enrolled Bills, reported that they had exammed and found the Committee on Military Affairs: truly enrolled a bill (}f the following title; when the Speaker pro A bill (H. R. No. 147) to authorize the Secretary of War to pay ex tempore signed the same : penses incurred by the State of Oregon and citizens.of California in An act (S. No. 332) to amend the act entitled "An act to amend and suppressing Indian hostilities in the States of Oregon and California supplement an act entitled 'An act to establish a uniform system of in the years 1872 and 1873; and bankruptcy throughout the United States,' approved March 2, 1867, A joint resolution (H. R. No. 152) instructing the Secretary of War and for other purposes," approved June 22, 187 4. to forward to the State of North Carolina authenticated copies of The result of the vote on the motion of Mr. HUBBELL waa announced certain State records captured in 1865. as above recorded; and acccmlingly (at three o'clock and forty-five ADVERSE REPORTS RECOMMITTED. minutes p. m.) the House adjourned. Mr. SHERMAN. I ask unanimous consent of the Senate that the bill (S. No. 738) for the relief of Withenbury and Doyle, reported ad PETITIONS, ETC. versely from the Committee on Claims, be placed upon the Calendar The following memorials, petitions, and other papers were presented with the adverse report. The day for a motion to reconsider is past, at the Clerk's desk under the rule, and referred as stated: but the bill can be placed on the Calendar by unanimous consent. By Mr. DUNNELL: Protest of the people of Going Snake district, The PRESIDENT pro ttffll,pore. Is there unanimous consent to plac Indian Territory, against the establishment of a Unitecl States terri ing this bill on the Calendar with the adverse report of the commit torial government over the Indian country, to the Committee on In teeT The Chair hears no objection. dian Affairs. JAMES TEBAULT AND JAMES REID. By Mr. ELLIS: The petition of Mrs. Emily McKnight, that Con Mr. BOUTWELL. Some days since the Committee on Claims re gress confrm to her late husband's representatives the title to the ported adversely upon the petition of James Tebault and James Reid lands known as the Navy Commissioners' Islands, Louisiana, to the and others, praying additional compensation as laborers in the Treas Committee on Private Land Claims. ury Department. Other papers concerning that claim have been Also, papers relating to the claim of G. P. Work, for compensation placed in my hands, and I ask that the papers on which the report for carrying the Unit.ed States mail between New Orleans and Munroe, was made may be recommitted with the additional testimony that has Louisiana, in 1866, 1867, 1868, and 1869, to the Committee of Claims. been submitted. Also, memorial of Mrs. Mary Camus, administratrix of the estate of The motion was agreed to. Jacques Theodule Camus, deceased, for compensation for the use and occupation ·of certain wharves at New Orleans, Louisiana, by the PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. United States Navy, to the same committee. Mr. MAXEY. I ask that the bill (S. No. 953) to remove the politi By Mr. MAGINNIS: The petitions of citizens of Montana Territory, cal disabilities of John G. Walker, of Texas, be taken up and put on for the reduction of the military reservation at Fort Shaw, in said ~pas~~ . Territory, to the Committee on Military Affairs. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Morning business has not yet been By Mr. SAVAGE: The petition of citizens of New Burlington, Ohio, called. Petitions and memorials are in order. for the establishment of a tri-weekly mail between Burlington and Mr. ANTHONY. I present the memorial of Mr. Joseph C. G. Ken Xenia, Ohio, to the Committee on the Post-Office·and Post-Roads. nedy, formerly the Superintendent of the Census, who was a. delegate By Mr. SAYLER: PBtition of the president and secretary of the to, I think, the :first statistical congress, and who represents that Maine Medical Association, in obedience to instructions from their the report of the delegation to the last statistical congress, whereof association, for the establishment of the metric system of weights and Mr. Edward Young, of the Statistical Bureau of the Treasury De measures, to the Committee on Coinage, Weights, and Measures. partment, was chief, contains what purports to be a translation of the By Mr. SMITH, of Pennsylvania: The petition of Alexander Wor speech of Mr. Adolphe Quetelet, the celebrated statistician, in which rall, to be refunded certain rent and costs paid under a decree of the reference was made to Mr. Kennedy as the originator of the idea of a Virginia court of hustings, to the Committee on War Claims. statistical congress, and that this translation omits that pa-ssage re By Mr. SPENCER: A paper relating to the establishment of a post ferring to him. Mr. Kennedy states that as this document was printed route between Pine Grove and Ponchatoula, Louisiana, to the Com by order of the Government, at the expense of the Government, and mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. has the imprimatur of the Government upon it, it is a manifest injus By Mr. A. S. WILLIAMS: Papers relating tothepetitionof Jeptha tice to him. A man's literary and scieitti:fic reputation is a part of Rubert, for a pension, to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. his property which ought to be protected in every fair and honorable way. I desire to state that one of the delegates to that congress was a constituent of mine, Dr. Edwin M. Snow, and I would guarantee that this error, whether it waa intentional or not, does not fall in any respect within his responsibility. If the error was unintentional it IN SENATE. ought to be corrected. If it was intentional something more should be done. I move the reference of this memorial to the Committee on TUESDAY, July 18, 1876. Foreign Relations. The motion was agreed to. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON SUNDERLAND, D. D. THE JOURNAL. REPORTS OF COMMITTEES. The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read. Mr. OGLESBY. I am instructed by the Committee on Public Lands, Mr. EDMUNDS. I should like to have the first clause of the first to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 1984) to provide for the sale rule read, to know whether we can approve the Journal in the pres of certain lands in Kansas, to ask to be discharged from its further ent stage of proceeding. consideration, and that it be referred to the Committee on Indian The PRESIDENT p1·o ternpore. The rule will be reported. Affairs, as the land is Indian land and not public land, and is affected The Chief Clerk read aa follows : by Indian treaties. 1. The presiding officer having taken the chair, and a quorum being present, the The report was agreed to. .Journal of the preceding day shall be read, to the end that any mistake may be cor· Mr. CAMERON, 6f Wisconsin, from the Committee on Commerce, rected that shall be made in the entries. to whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 2689) to authorize the con- '
1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4677
struction of a bridge across the Missouri River at or near Sioux City, Mr. ANTHONY. I do not want the report delayed, and unless the Iowa, reported it without amendment. views of the minority are presented at once it would be very incon He also, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was referred the venient to the printer. bill (S.No. 807) for the relief of John E. Catlett, of Hannibal, Mis Mr. MORTON. Does the resolution include the testimony f souri, reported it with an amendment, and submitted a report thereon; Mr. ANTHONY. Yes, sir. which wa-s ordered to be printed. Mr. SAULSBURY. My remembrance is that my colleague the other Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN, from the Committee on Finance, to whom day moved to amend the resolution so as to include the views of the was referred the bill (S. No. 705) for the relief of Albert Towle, post minority, but as it is reported the resolution does not contain the master ai Beatrice, Nebraska, reported it without amendment, and amendment. submitted a report thereon; which was ordered to be printed. Mr. ANTHO~-y. That is possible; but the views of the minority Mr. WRIGHT, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was re would be printed whether the resolution included them expressly or ferred the bill (H. R. No. 516) for the relief of Floyd C. Babcock, re not. ported it with an amendment. Mr. SAULSBURY. I haveno doubt itlis the desire of the commit Mr. SPENCER, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to tee to print the views of the minority, but I call attention to the whom was referred the bill (H. R. No. 3435) providing for the adjust lanO"uage of the resolution itself. ment of claims against the District of Columbia, and for other pur Mr. ANTHONY. Let the amendment be put in, and that will set poses, asked to be discharged from its further consideration and that tle it. 1t be referred to the Committee on the Judiciary; which was agreed to. Mr. SHERMAN. If the views of the minority are to be published, Mr. CAPERTON, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was re it is certainly important to know if the views of the minoricy have ferred the bill (H. R. No. 3849) for the relief of James W. Harvey and beon filed. That is one consideration. James Livesey, of the firm of Harvey & LiYesey, of Wisconsin, re Mr. SAULSBURY. I do not know as to that. ported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon; which Mr. SHERMAN. I understand the Senator from Delaware, [Mr. was ordered to be printed. BAYARD,] the colleague of the Senator, a.<~ked leave to file the views Mr. BOOTH, from the Committee on Public Lands, who were di of the minority. I do not think this report ought to be delayed if rected by a resolution of the Senate of the 27th of January last to the views of the minority have not been filed. inquire if the third section of an act entitled "An act to aid in Mr. SAULSBURY. My impression is that my colleague amended the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri the resolution when it was introduced for reference so as to include River to the Pacific Ocean, and to secure to the Government the use of the views of the minority. the same for postal, military, and other purposes," approved July 1, Mr. SHERMAN. I think he simply asked leave to .file the views of 18G2, &c., ha-s been complied with by the railroad company men the minority. tioned therein, and whether further legislation is necessary to carry Mr. WITHERS. He asked that an amendment be made to this that law into effect, submitted a report thereon, accompanied by a resolution itself. bill (S. No. 995) in relation to the sale of lands granted to certain rail Mr. SHERMAN. I do not think the majority report ought to be road companies. delayed if the views of the minority are not filed. The bill was read and passed to the second reading, and the report Mr. ANTHONY. Let the resolution be passed and we can provide was ordered to be printed; and on motion of Mr. BOOTH the bill and for printing the views of the minority when presented. the report were recommitted to the Committee on Public Lands. Mr. SAULSBURY. I appeal to Senators that it would be a very Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania, from the Committee on Foreign unfair thing to publish the report of the majority with the testimony, Relations, to whom was referred the bill (S. No. 988) authorizing the without the views of the minority accompanying that report. It President to invite the international statistical congress to hold its would be but slight recompense to the minority to publish in a sep · tenth session in the United States, and to appoint delegates to the arate manner their views. T.he views of the minority ought to ac ninth session thereof, reported it without amendment. company the report of the majority. That has always, I believe, been Mr. INGALLS, from the Committee on the District of Columbia, to customary, and I am sure that was the object of my colleague. whom was referred the bill (S. No. 963) in relation to the cancellation Mr. ANTHONY. It has been customary for the minority to present of mortgages, reported it with an amendment. their views. They certainly do not expect the Committee on Printing Mr. INGALLS. The Committee on Indian Affairs, to whom was to make a minority report for them. We can do so, I suppose, if they referred the bill (H. R. No. 3625) providing for the sale of the Osage want us to do it. ceded lat!ds in Kansas to actual settlers, have instructed me to report Mr. EATON. What is the question before t.he Senatef the same favorably with amendments. I believe it is not in order The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the adoption of to ask for the consideration of a bill on the same day on which it is the resolution reported from the Committee on Printing. reported. The recent decision of the Supreme Court renders some Mr. EATON. As the Senator from Delaware [Mr. BAYARD] is ab action on this bill or a kindred bill essentially necessary. It affects sent I hope the Senator from Rhode Island will consent to let the res an area of country some fifteen htmdred square miles in extent, a little olution lie on the table for the present. largor than the State of Rhode Island and but a trifle smaller than Mr. ANTHONY. Iwouldrather withdraw the report, and then per the State of Delaware, and directly or indirectly affects the homes haps I can get it before the Senate again with less difficulty. of abo~t thirty thousand people. I desire to give notice that to-mor Mr. BOUTWELL. I think :f Senators will listen a moment, they row I shall ask unanimous consent ·during the morning hour for the will see that there is no trouble about this report. The testimony consideration of the bill. taken by the committee is ·voluminous. It is now in the hands of the Printer. It is desired by the Printer that the Senate should decide MISSISSIPPI INVESTIGATION. whether there shall be an extra number of copies printed. This is a Mr. ANTHONY. I am instructed by the Committee on Printing, proposition for an extra number in order to avoid expense should the to whom was referred a resolution to print four thousand copies of Senate desire to have ·more than the customary number. The com the report of the Special Committee to Investigate the late Election in mittee has not consulted in regard to the report, I may say, and Mississippi, to report it without amendment and recommend its pas there is neither majority nor minority report prepared. It is my un sage. I ask for its present consideration. derstanding that if the Senate decide that an additional number shall Mr. SAULSBURY. I inquire if the resolution includes the views be print~d, when the eommittee confer, if they agree the report of the of the minority f committee will be printed with the testimony ; if they disagree and Mr. ANTHONY. Certainly. I never knew a report to be printed there a~e two report.s, the majority and the minority reports will be on our side that did not include the views of the minority, if they printed. The business now is with the testimony, to ascertain whether wanted ns to include them. the Senate will order an extra number of copies or not. The report The PRESIDENT pro temp01·e. The resolution will be reported. will be printed, whether there is one report or whether there are two. The Chiof Clerk read the following resolution, submitted by Mr. Mr. SAULSBURY. I think it is due to my colleague and due to BOUTWELL July 13: the Senator from Irdiana, [Mr. McDONALD,] neither of whom is in the Chamber, that this matter shall not be pressed to a final issue in · Resolved, That 4,000 OO.Pies of the report of the Special Committee to Investigate tbe late Election in Mis818sipp1 be printed for the use of the Senate. their absence. I therefore hope the Senator from Massa.chusetts will consent to let the resolution lie over. The Senate proceeded to consider the resolution. Mr. BOUTWELL. When it is understood that the whole report Mr. SAULSBURY. I call the attention of the Senate to the fact shall be printed, and that, if there are two reports, both shall be printed, that the language of the resolution does not provide for publishing I cannot see any objection to passing tills resolution. It is very im the viewg of the minority. . portant to the Ptinter. The work of printing the testimony is now Mr. AN'l:HONY. The Senator can amend it in that way if he de delayed because they have not type enough to go on, as I understand, sires; but it is unnecessary to do so. and leave that stand which has been used. Mr. SAULSBURY. I move to add "and also the views of the mi :Mr. MORTON. They will have to distribute and set up the type nority thereon." again, if the work cannot be done at once. Mr. ANTHONY. Very well, I have no objection to that amendment. Mr. BOUTWELL. They will have to set the type again. The Mr. SHERMAN. It should read, "the report of the committee, in reports will both be printed. Gentlemen need not be concerned about cluding the views of the minority." any difficulty in printing the views of the minority. They will have Mr. ANTHONY. Yes, sir; that is better. the same circulation as the views of the majority. I hope there will Mr ..EDMUNDS. We ought to find out whether there are any views be no objection to the resolution. of the lninority ready. Mr. ANTHONY. I will answer the suggestion of the Senater from 4678 CONGRESSION .A.L RECORD-SENATE. JULY: 18,
Delaware, my colleague on the Printing Committee. His colleague Mr. BOUTWELL. Although I have to confess to the Senate that desires this report to be printed, and of course he expects it to be I should not rise to a personal explanatjon, but the matter to which printed with the views of the majority. I call attention relates to the party tow hich I belong and to the repu Mr. SARGENT. Does the resolution provide for doing that! tation of the country. Mr. ANTHONY. It has been amended so as to provide for it. The convention of the democratic party which met at Saint Louis Mr. SARGENT. Then is there any objection to the resolution 7 on the 27th of June, among other allegations set forth in their plat Mr. BOUTWELL. I cannot see how there can be any objection. form on which they base the statement that there should be a reform '!'he PRESIDENT pro tempo1·e. The Chair will state that the Sen- in the Government, say that "a late Secretary of the Treasury forced ator from Delaware [Mr. BAYARD] called attention to the matter balances in the public accounts." That statement in the platform, when the resolution WaB introduced, and his amendment was referred in connection with the well-known fact that the honorable Senator to the committee that the views of the minority be printed wjth the from West Virginia•[l\fr. DAVIS] called the attention of the Senate majority report, but there was no action taken by the Senate upon to what be supposed were discrepancies in the public accounts, leads his suggestion. me to conclude that this paragraph relates to myself; but as relating Mr. ANTHONY. I think, as a matter of convenience, as the Sena to myself I am wholly indifferent to it. The character of the partv tor from Delaware [Mr. SAULSBURY] is aware, to avoid distributing with wl1ich I am connected is in a certain sense affected, but I do no~t the type, the order to print should be made now. know that even in that aspect of the ca-se I should have called atten Mr. THURMAN. Let the resolution be reported. tion to it~ But the reputation and the credit of the country are con :Mr. SARGENT. AB amended. cerned in knowin~ whether at any time by any Secretary of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution, as amended, will be Treasury balances m the public accounts have been forced. read. The honorable Senator from West Virginia brought this matter to The Chief Clerk read as follows: the attention of the Senate very early in the session. The subject Resolved, That 4,000 co;~>ies of the report of the Special Committee to Investigate was referred to the Committee on Finance. That committee, as I the late Election in Missl8sippi, with the views of tho minority, be printed for the underst.and-for I never was with the committee when that subject use of the Senate. was under consideration-submitted an investigation of these allega The resolution, as amended, was agreed to. tions to a subcommittee consist.ing of the honorable chairman and EDUCATION REPORT. the honorable Senator from the State of New York, [Mr. KERNAN.] Mr. DAVIS. While the subject of printing is up I should like to I am informed that they investigated the subject for many weeks, inquire of the chairman of the Printing Committee as to the report perhaps extending over a period of months. What I do know is that on education, whether or not any copies have been ordered for the on the 6th day of June, twenty-four days before this resolution was use of the Senate, or whether there is a resolution now pending be passed in the Saint Louis convention, that committee made a report. fore the committee on that subject Y I have had from several sources I was not present in the Senate when the report was made, but requests for the report of the Commissioner of Education for 1875, and there is nothing in the report to indicate that it was not a una.nhnous I have inquired at the document-room, and find that·tnere are none report. In that report it is said: . ordered to be printed so far as they know. I desire to know from the Your committee, in conclusion, would say that they are fully satisfied that there has not been the slightest change in the books of the Treasury. chairman whether there is a resolution now pending before his com Your committee are not prepared t()recommend any change· in the mode of keep mittee. ing or makill~~: public these accounts. The system is the growth of the experience Mr. ANTHONY. The Senate passed a resolution on the report of. of the Department since its organization, anii it would be a very delicate and dan the Committee on Printing for printing 10,000 copies of the report of gerous task to propose any cban~e in this respect. Certainly it ought not to be donewithont a much more full and critical examination than yourcommitteecould the Commi8sioner of Education. make without the aid of experts and the most careful study. Mr. DAVIS. For the use of the Commissioner, but none for the use of the Senate. I make this statement here and now in order t.hat if there be any Mr. ANTHONY. I am not sure. I think that it was printed for member of that committee, if there be any person in this Senate, who the use of the Commissioner and was included in the sundry civil bill. doubts the truth of that statement, here and now he may make his At all events we have passed a resolution for printing it for the use doubt known to the Senate and to the conntry. of the Commissioner. Mr. DAVIS. It is true, as the Senator from Ma-s achusetts, late Mr. DAVIS. I should be glad if the Senator would see to that, so Secretary of tbe Treasury, says, that early in tho present session I that the Senate may get a pmtion of those 10,000 copies. I under called the attention of the Senate to what I believed and still believe stand that the Commissioner appropriates them to his own use to be discrepancies and alterations in tho annual statements to Con and that there are none for the use of the members, for I applied a~d ~ess. I have not stated, nor do I state now, that the books of the could get none for my State. Treasury Department have been changed, for I was in an official way Mr. ANTHONY. It would be competent for the two Houses of deprived of any examination whatever of the books of the Depart Congress to order the distribution. ment; neither have I sought in any capacity whatever to examine the books. I have to repeat what I said formerly, that if the books CHINESE IMMIGRATION. have not been changed they do not agree with the statements sent to Mr. SARGENT. I offer the following resolution and ask for its Congress, and I am ready to make that statement good here or else present consideration : where at any time. I shall in a few days, as soon as opportunity of Whereas on the 6th day of .J nly, 1876, the Senate authorized the appointment of fers, review the report of the Finance Committee appointed by the n special committee of three Senators to in vestigate the immigration of Chinese to Senate to investigate the subject. I do not speak with any degree of this country; and whereas on the 17th day of JUly, 1876, the House of Representa tives authorized the ap.J?Ointment of a special committee of three members of the censure of the committee, for it was stated at the time by many Sen House to discharge similar duties : ators and a part of the committee itself that the Finance Committee Be it resolved by the Senate, (the Home of Representatives concurring,) That said spe would not have time to make a thorough examination of the subject. cial committees shall act as a joint special committee of the two Houses for the pur I take it that the committee will say now, if it is necessary to say any poses aforesaid and with the powers conferred by the resolutions appointing them. thing about it, that their time was so occupied that they had not an Mr. ED:f)fUNDS. I would suggest to the Senator from Calfrornia opportunity of going to the Treasury Department and making a proper that he ought to provide for their expenses, otherwise there will not and thorough examination of the books there, but had to depend nec be any opportunity. · essarily upon the reply of the Treasury Department and its officials. Mr. SARGENT. I understand they will send over here from the The statement of the Senator from Ma-ssachusetts, which is proper, House side a. bill which will cover that point. as to the notice in the democratic platform formed at Saint Louis, is Mr. EDMUNDS. Why not, as this is a joint resolution, just add correct. I knew as little of that until I saw it in print as he or any "the expenses to be paid one-half out of the contingent fund of the other Senator or any other gentleman did. No word of mine, no action Senate and one-half out of the c~mtingent fund of the House." of mine, no thought of mine expressed to anybody cansed it to be put Mr. SARGENT. Perhaps it would be better to add that. I will there, and I .was somewhat surprised when I saw it, though I thought adu those words. · · it was very properly there, and I believe now that it is properly there, The PRESIDENT pro tmnpore. The words proposed to be added will and I am gratified that the country has at last taken notice of the be read. facts, and hope that it will result in good and bring about a thorough The Chief Clerk read as follows: examination of this subject. Tho expenses of said committee t() be paid one-half out of the contingent fund of Mr. President, I think I can show, and I shall show without any the Senate and ons-haJf out of the contingent fund of the House of P..epresenta.tives. personal allusion to any Senator in a very short time, when I under The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution will be so modified. take to review the answer of the Treasury Department, thllt the late The resolution, as modified, was agreed to. Secretary of the 'frea.sury who haa just resigned admits in more than ono place that discrepancies and a.lteratioJ;J.s have been made in the TREASURY STATEMENTS Al\"'1> ACCOUNTS. the annual . statements to Congress by n .former SecrAtary. He says Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania. I now ask the Senate to take that the debt statP.ment has been remodeled and restated. He makes up the bill from the House of Representatives appropriating some the statement in his report over and over again that the discrepan $1,500 to the widow of the late James K.Polk for property taken. It cies do exist, and makes an effort in some instances to explain them will not occupy any time. away. As to the hooks, I cannot speak nor do I intend to speak; .Mr. BOUT,VELL. If the Senator from .Pennsylvania will yield, I but I do speak as to the annual official statements made to Congresr:;. rise to what is in the nature of a personal explanation. They have been changed. The figures have been altered both as to Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania. Of course, with the understand revenue and as to expenditures and a-s to the public-debt statement. ing that I do not lose my place. The ch::wgcs and alterations of amount went back as far as 1835; 1876.. CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-SENATE. 4679 and when the restatement and remodeling, as the $ecretary of the any book or paper in the Treasury Department, and, second, that Treasury says, came to the end, it made a i:lifference of two hundred every discrepancy or alleged discrepancy that was pointed out by any and forty-odd million dollars. In other words, between the annual one was fully accounted for and the reasons for the discrepancy were report of 1869, if you go back and add up the statement as there shown, and, third, the most ample and satisfactory reasons were given given, and then take that made in 1871, yon will find a difference of why in 1871 a change in the mode of stating the accounts, not in over $2GO,OOO,OOO in the debt statement, and in some single years, one keeping them, not in writing them out, but in stating their results, I recollect now, more than $90,000,000 in advance of what was reported was made; and that was approved, and is now undoubtedly the best the year before. If there was a right cause or law for going back plan of stating not only the debt' statement. but all the accounts of twenty or thirty years and restating the figures and advancing them, the Treasury Department, so that discrepancies which heret-ofore that ought to be shown; and it belongs to those who caused the re have existed between the Register's accounts and the Treasurer's ac statements to be made to show it, not to me. 1 state the fact that counts could be ea-sily and readily explained. there has been such restatements and changes. Mr. BOUTWELL. Mr. President, after what has been said I pur Mr. KERNAN. Mr. President, it.will be remembered that, when pose to assert myself upon one point in respect to this business, and the resolution offered by the Senator from West Virginia was pro that is that up to the time the investigation was undertaken in 1869 posed to be referred to the Committee on Finance, I for one opposed the books of the Treasury Department, although accurately kept it because the committee was overworked. I think I did that with the upon the plan which was devised, had not stated the loan account approval of the chairman, who thought we had too much to do to accurately from the very :first day they were opened under the ad undertake this investigation. But the Senator from Massachusetts ministration of Alexander Hamilton. I also a.ssert that during the is correct in supposing that the matter was referred to a subcom four years that I administered the Treasury Department, for the first mittee consisting of the chairman and myself; and it is due to us to time in the history of the Government the books of the Department say that neither of us-I did not go I am sure-ever went to the represented the exact state of public affairs; not that there had been Treasury to examine these books which would have taken time be any fraud ; not that there had been any inaccuracy in the keeping of yond anything we could think of bestowing; but the ret~olntion wa-s accounts; but the system iu respect to the public loans was such that communicated to the Treasury Department and there came back a no accurate results could be reached. Upon that statement I purpose very large mass of statements and figures purporting to be explana to stand here and as matter of history. nations of the discrepancies complained of. I looked at those very These assaults originated by the honorable Senator from West Vir hurriedly before they were printed. I discovered that it was idle for ginia, and instigated I doubt not by his associates, as far as they have me to atLempt to understand the matter, having had no connection been expressed in the Saint Louis platform, will ultimately fall harm with the original investigation or the complaint, and therefore I did less because the more investigation there shall be the more clearly will not attempt it. Therefore l cannot say that there was any such thing the truth appear. .A.nd as for the honorable Senator from West Vir a.s was alleged, nor could I say from any examination of mine tha.t it ginia he deals with facts and figures and simple propositions in arith was not so; but the figures were all reported and I called the atten metic as a child de ala with geometric blocks, whose value he does not tion of the Senator from West Virginia then to the fact that they appreciate and whose powers he cannot comprehend; and a child would be printed and of course those who had knowledge on the sub may from those blocks rear a fabric that will challenge criticism and ject mah'ing these charges would look into them. That is all I can explanation and description and defense, and when destroyed will say. I had not the time nor the information which would enable me defy the powers of artisan or architect or mechanician to reproduce to investigate the points involved in such a mass of figures, and I it. But a pha-se is presented both by the child and man that may be concurred in the report made by the chairman. the object even of envy. They dwell for the time, and as time goes Now, a single word about the resolution. Like the Senator from on more completely (lwell, in obscur.e security in reference to the West Virginia, I did not hear that resolution read, and until read in work they have done. the convention it did not attract my attent.ion. Mr. D.A. VIS. Mr. President, I hardly know whether I ought to no Mr. EDMUNDS. Yon could probably-prove that by every member tice the latter part of the ren;tarks of the honorable Senator from of the convention. Massachusetts; I hardly think they are worthy of himself./ and I had Mr. KERNAN. No; I suppose the gentlet;nan who drew it had some almost said they were not worthy of my notice. Alexander Hamil knowledge; I infer he had more than I had, for he must have been ton made a form of book-keeping, as we are told by the chairman of looking at the debates that had been going on here. I did not know the Fin."nce Committee, and we are told by him that he would be a anything about the intention to ofter the resolution . bold man who would interfel'e with it; and yet there has been a man .A.ll I can say is that the answer made by the Treasury was pub that has interfered with it. I will not say he is a child. The Sen lished, t'o the. end that those who had examined the matter before and ator from Mas8achusetts knows who interfered with it. He knows supposed there were changes could verify their allegations and find that by his order, and by his written order, a balance-sheet went out whether the inquiry was properly answered or not. This was all from his office to that o£ the Register directing him to make his next that the committee could do, hurried all the time by other business. annual statement compare with the one he sent. He knows that the I cannot say that it does answer the oharges or that it does not. I statement sent from his office (for I take it nothing went from th.e suppose those who looked into it would be able to examine it care office on so important a matter but that he would know of it) to the fully. Register, who is the official book-keeper of the Government. He was Mr. SHERMAN. I should like to say a word on this subject. The directed to make certain entries, and to report them to Congress. charge of an alteration of the books of the Treasury did excite my Whether or not this caused a change of the books I know not ; put I great interest. The alleged discrepancy in the Trea-sury accounts was do know that the statements made to Congress, which the public ac a matter totally immaterial compared with the allegations that the cepted as correct, were changed, and are to-day so, and I re-assert it books of the Treasury had been altered. AB to the discrepancy in the and I know what I am saying. I oan make good every figure I have statements of accounts, I could see how that might arise. Therefore, given and mean to do so. on the :first inquiry we made, I went to the then Secretary of the Treas I regret very much that the Senator from Massachusetts has seen ury myself and to the Ai!sistant Secretary and demanded in the name proper to make personal allusion to me, not only now but heretofore. of the Committee on Finance that all the books of the Treasury should I thought I had the right to bring the matter to puolic notice when be examined by the best experts they bad in the Department to see I believed there were discrepancies and wrongs in the Treasury De whether there wa~ any ground whatever for an allegation that any partment, and I believe yet as a Senator that that is my right. I book in the Treasury Department had been changed or alfitred. I alao think it comes with a very bad gra.ce from a Senator with as much called in a second instance for any explanation of a discrepancy in experience a-s the Senator from Massachusetts, and who knows how to the statement of accounts, which was quite a different thing, as Sen weigh words so well, to use the language he has toward myself. Sir, ators will see who reflect a moment. Here is the specific answer in I can hardly trust myself to talk of him, and therefore I will dismiss regard to alteration of books made -by the Secretary of the Treasury that part of the subject. in response to my distinct demand; But as to the Treasury statements, I say Secretary Bristow, in his In this connection! it should be stated that in no instance has there been any report over his signature, says that the gentleman who wa.s Secretary erasure or alteration in the books and records of this Department, and the changes iu 1869 did remodel and restate the public-debt statement; and I add made in the published reports have been only to expresswith~eater accuracy the that in doing so he vastly increased the apparent amount, so far as precise condition of the public accounts, as shown by such booKS and records. the debt statements are concerned, of the Government debt, in some AB a matter of course I did not, nor could I without devoting too much single years ninety odd millions of dollars. In the year 1862 or 1863- time, go through all the books and examine them myself; but I ma-de I forget which-Secretary Chase, indorsed by the Register, followed the responsible head of the Department certify, on the examination by Fessenden, followed by McCulloch, all stated the debt to be of his experts, that no such alteration was made. Senators w~o want $514,000,000 in round numbers. But in 1871, for some cause unknown to examine this matter will find in the last communication from the to myself, those figures are changed; and in the report sent to you Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Bristow, on page 36 of this report, an here to-day, and every report since 1871, it is stated at $524,000,000 ample detail of the reason why changes in the mode of stating the in round numbers, increasing the debt statement of that single year debt accounts and the other accQunts were made; why in 1871 a re near $10,000,000. examination of the statements for many years before wa.s made and I say that the revenue, after having been paid into the Treasury a full and satisfactory explanation, so far as I can ~ather from the according to the reports, has gotten out of the Treasury in some way documents submitted to us, of eyery discrepancy pomted out by the without an appropriation by Congress, if you take the figures at~ re Senator from West Virginia. I do not want to go into a statement ported by the honorable Senator from Massachusetts to the Senate about a complicated question of this kind, involving book accounts, in his annual reports while Secretary of the Treasury. I say further but the material point is that there wa.s no alteration whatever of that the expenditures for pensions in a single year were reported for 4680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18, eif?ht or ten years to be $9,000,000, and they have been changed and party and that party as represented by the Honse of Representa raiSed to $16,000,000, and the reports that come here this session show tives, and to question the sincerity and honesty of their professions them to stand now at $16,000,000 when they were reported by several and the wisdom of their policy. I therefore deem it not out of place Secretaries at $9,000,000. I give round numbers. on this occasion, in view of indubitable and unanswerable facts, to However, Mr. President, I expect in a few days, if the trial of the accept the challenge a-s broadly as it is presented, and to see whether impeachment shall have ended and I can get the floor, to review the or not the objections which they have raised have any sure founda report to the Finance Committee made by the Treasury Department, tion and are really worthy the consideration of the Senate or the and I believe then I shall to any impartial mind not only show that country. the explanations of these discrepancies are not substantial and will The Senator from Indiana [Mr. MoRTON] in his remarks yesterday not hold, but new discrepanoies, amounting to large amounts of took occasion to say some very harsh things of the democratic party, money, are shown; and it is a strange fact that no discrepancy or to denounce it, to question its sincerity, and to hold it up to the rid change or alteration except the ones pointed out by myself have been icule and execration of the country. What he said, however, was noticed in this report, and not all of them. I shall show new ones unsustained by any argument or fact which he ventured to state, for large amounts of money, and it is for those who made the changes and I take it that mere empty assertion, wordy declamation, unsus to explain to the Senate why they were made, and n~t myself. tained by fact, will go but a short way with persons who look to reason, to fact, and to justice to control their action; and in this par TELEGRAPillC COM~IUNICATION WITH ASIA. ticular case they will do it the more readily because his broad asser The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The morning hour has expirecl. tions were directly in the face of an actual fact. He declared that Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania. I hope the Senate will now in the professions of the <1emocrntic party as represented in the other dulge me for five or ten minutes in getting up the bill for the relief House to correct misrule, to reform the administration of the Gov of Mrs. Polk. ernment, and to retrench the expenses of the Government were mere Mr. EDMUNDS. I call for the regtllar order. dissembling, that they were hypocritical, that they were false and The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The unfinished business is l;lefore fraudulent, and intended simply to catch the votes of the people. As the Senate. I said a moment ago, he cited no fact and he made no argument to Mr. DAWES. If the Senator from Vermont will withdraw his call Rustain that charge, and it was made in the face of the very fact that for the regular order for a moment, I should like to aak unanimous the House at the present session haa reduced the regular appropria consent to withdraw a motion which I entered some weeks ago, to tion bills more than thirty-eight millions from the aggregate amount reconsider the vote by which the Senate passed a bill creating a cor appropriated for the public service for the last year, and about sixty poration for the laying of a Pacific telegranh cable. I entered that four millions less than the official estimates for this current year. motion, not for the purpose of obstructing the construction of such a But he said all this is most hypocritical. Sir, that is unjust; that, telegraph, but because I thought it might contribute to the construc it seems to me, is unfair; it is discourteous. Why should he thus tion of it, for there were persons who had been endeavoring, without question the motives of a great party or of the House of Representa success, for some time to obtain such legislation as would authorize tives t What reason can he assign for it f What event has trans them to lay such a cable, and I was apprehensive that the creation pired that warrants itf Such I undertake to say is not the fact; but of the corporation-not believing myself that the men engaged in it if it were, what is material to the people, to the country, is that there were able to construct it-might really delay the result aimed at. I should be retrenchment and reform ; and if they get this from the thought it would facilitate the construction of the telegraph if I Hoose of Representatives, I take it that there will not be a very great should move to reconsider, and add to this bill the second section of deal of question about the motive. The great end to be attained is a bill which has been reported by the same committee, authorizing to have retrenchment and reduction of the expenses of the Govern any persons to construct a telegraph who saw fit; but I have ascer ment, the extravagant, enormous magnitude of which has been ta.ined, on comparing this bill creating a corporation with tb'at sec brought about, as I believe and shall attempt to show in a very brief tion, that the provisions would be inc.ongruous, and the Senator who way and by presenting now-only one or two points, by the misrule reported both bills [Mr. HOWE] assures me that he will put the bill of the republican party which he represents on this floor. which contains this section upon its passage, if the Senate will per He said that w bile this party make such loud professions of reform mit him. It will accomplish all I desired in moving the reconsider and retrenchment they have not passed a bill and sent it to the Senate ation, if that can be done, and therefore I a..sk unanimous consent to proposing to reduce the taxes of the people one farthing, and this he withdraw the motion to reconsider; and if the Senate will permit the said with an air of triumph as though there were no answer to his im Senator from Wisconsin to put that bill upon its passage it will ex putation. There are two plain explanations of the suggestion be thus cite no debate and can be done in a moment. makes with so much apparent confidence. The first one is this, that The PRESIDENT pro temp&re. Is there objection to withdrawing the industries of the country, the trade of the country, and the con the motion to reconsider the vote by which the bill (S. No. 892) to dition of the country in every material respect, through the misrule encourage and promote telegraphic communication between America which has prevailed in this country for the last ten years, have be and Asia was pa..ssed f . come so prostrated, the sources of revenue are so impaired, that even Mr. lJAWES. I ask unanimous consent to withdraw the motion to if the revenue la.ws shall remain this year as they were last year, the reconsider the vote by which that bill was passed. revenue that will be realized will not be sufficient to meet the appro The PnESIDENT pro tempore. Is there objection to withdrawing priations to an amount equal to what they were last year, by many the motion f The Chair hears none. millions of dollars. That is conceded on all hands. We learn this Mr. ALLISON and Mr. EDMUNDS. Regular order. fact from the Treasury Department, and it is manifest to every mind Mr. HOWE. The Senator from Massachusetts asked leave to with at all familiar with the condition of the country. And if the reduc draw that motion to reconsider, and seems to lay me under some ob tions of appropriations proposed by the House were not made, taxa ligation to move to consider Senate. bill 541, which relates to the tion would necessarily have to be largely increased. same subject, and if there be no objection to considering the bill now There is another explanation that it is worth while to mention. I should be glad. If the Senate sha.ll concur in the action of the House in reducing Mr. EDMUNDS. I think we had better go on for the present with the regular appropriations by the amount of $38,000,000, it is believed the regular order. that the House may safely send a revenue bill to the Senate reducing The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The regular order is the unfinished the taxes of the people equal to $20,000,000. Congress is not yet ad business, the river and harbor bill. journed; ~are not prepared to say when it will adjourn, and the
PRESIDENTIAL APP~OVAL. work of the House in t.he direction of retrenchment and reform is not yet complete. It is wise and necessary that the House should wait A message from the Presidl\nt of the United States, by Mr. U.S. until the Senate shall take action on the various appropriation bills, GRANT, jr., his Secretary, announced that the President had this day in order to see whether the work-which they have so wisely and nec approved and signed the act (S. No. 382) to appropriate $1,000 tore essarily begun in reducing the appropriations for this year by the move the remains of Hon. E. Rumsey Wing, late minister to Ecuador, amount of $38,000,000 less than they were a year ago shall be con from Quito to the cemet~ry at Owensborough, Kentucky.· curred in by the Senate. If it shall not, then the revenue laws must RIVER AND HARBOR BILL. stand a-s they are, notwithstanding the prostrate condition of busi The Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, resumed the considera ness of all kinds in the country. But if it should turn out that the tion of the bill (H. R. No. 3022) making appropriations for the con Senate shall concur, then the House ma.v send a revenue bill here re struction, repair, preservation, and completion of certain public works ducing taxes by the amount of 20,000,000 this year and we may ex on rivers and harbors, and for other purposes, the pending question pect that result. being on the motion of Mr. THURMAN to recommit the bill to the So, then, I say, Mr. President, in what fell from the Senator from Committee on Appropria.tions with instructions to reduce the aggre Indiana yesterday there is really, with all due respect to him, noth gate amount of the appropriations contained in the bill to a sum not ing. He declaimed loudly; he said hard words; he laughed and exceeding $4,000,000. made faces at the Honse and the democratic party; but, I repeat, he Mr. MERRIMON. Mr. President, I had not intended by any word stated not one fact and he made not one argument to sustain the im of mine to give this debate a partisan tum. I was inclined, as I gen putation which he made; and he made it in the face of the fact, pat erally am in the discussion of measures before the Senate, to debate ent to him and the country, that the House of Representatives have the pending bill upon its merits and to leave the discussion of party already reduced the appropriations to an amount $38,000,000 less than politics to some other more appropriate and opportune occasion. But they were last year. two or three republican Senators on yesterday manifested a fixed The Senator from lllinois [Mr. LOGAN] likewise indulged in somo and persistent purpose to assail, arraign, and defame the democratic extravagant imputations against the House and the democratic party. 1876. dONGRESSlONAL REOORD-SENATE. 4681
He declared that it was the manifest purpose of the House and the propriations made for the benefit of localities where the republican democratic party to embarrass the Government, and in the end sub party prevail. They are made in that section of the State where the vert and destroy it, and that that was apparent in the fact that there republican party are most powerful. They are made in localities was a disposition to cut off the usual appropriations needed to cariy where it is expected that they realize their largest majorities in the on the necessary branches of the public service. It is n. remarkable approaching election, and they are mad~ where also the democrats and striking fact that he n.lso cited not one solitary fact, nor did he ad could expect to realize very little indeed more than they ever do. duce any reasonable argument to sustain so grave a. charge. It really The other appropriation, a very small one, the sum of $15,000, is made seemed that be expected the country to believe his empty declaration for n.n improvement in a democratic district where they have from -without facts, wi\hout argumentation, and also to believe it in the face three thousand to four thousand majority, and where it is wholly un of what is manifest as to the actual retrenchment that bas been necessary that any improper appropriation should be made or other effected by the House of Representatives. He said that the House consideration resorted to in order to secure votes for the democratic and tho party boasted that they had impaired the public service in party. They are there already, and they need no appropriation of failing to make the proper and appropriate appropriations for the this kind to influence their action. · support of the Army. Why, Mr. President, did he go on in his speech So then I say, sir, the assaults made yesterday against the demo to show the Senate whereby the efficiency of the Army was impaired cratic party were mere empty declamation, without force or effect, in any respect! Did be produce the testjmony of a single military and ought not to influence the vote of a single human being when he officer or soldier or civilian to the effect that if the appropriation bill comes to pass upon the great issues before the country. for the support of the Anny shall pa-ss and become a law as it came But, Mr. President, I want to go a little further and make a point from the House, thereby the military service of the country would or two which I will not ask the Senate or the country to consider and be impn.ired, that the General of the Army would resign, that all the believe by reason of my mere assertion ; I shall state the facts and great officers of the Army would resign, that the Army would be dis give the figures from the record and the arguments at my command banded, and that it could not do the service that is necessary in that to support the charges I make against the republican party of the branch of the public service f Did be point to the investigations coun¥'Y. I will not stop now to go into a history of this party, to of any committee of this body or of the other House or anywhere! advort to the fa-ct thn.t it is a party that had its origin in moral causes Could be point to n.ny memorial calling attention to any such result and in the doctrine of a higher law than the Constitution; that it as that T He did not, and for the very good reason that he could not. bas accomplished all its ends by force, and that the great purpose for There is no pretense that any general in the Army will resign or which it came into existence has been accomplished, and that it is think of doing so because of the appropriations made by the House no longer a party of principle, that it is a mere political organization of Representatives. It is not pretended by the citation of any fact held together by the public patronage of the Government. I believe or circumstance that the Army will be less efficient this year t.han it if there were no public patronn.ge, no offices or places to be be-stowed was last year. The Articles of War, the rules and regulations govern or withheld, the republican party of the nation conld not live twenty ing tho Army, the laws affecting the Army•are just as complete and four hours. As a. great party of principle its work ha.s been accom effective this year under the action of the Honse of Representatives pliRbed, and I challenge any Senator upon this floor who belongs to as they were last year, and the Army will do the country service in that party to cite any great distinctive principle which_its votaries the future as it has in the past, and do it a-s effectua.lly and as well, advocate that is not common to every party and everybody in this notwHhstandiug the appropriations have been cut down by the House country. I repeat, there is no distinctive principle of government to a reasonable measure. that distinguishes it from any other party in the country. It is now The same remarks are applicable to the Navy. He said that the distinguished by reason of its extravagance in public expenditures efficiency of the Navy had been greatly impaired. Did he point to and the gross :md appalling frauds which it tolerates and in many any fact showing that the vessels which are now in the public service instances countenances by indirection. if not directly. and on foreign stations will be brought home and taken out of com Mr. SHERMAN. I should like to ask my honorable friend what mission and laid up! D.id ht} point to a single fact stated by any one principle the democratic party now stands upon' who would know that any naval officer contemplated resignation! Mr. MERRIMON. The great leading principle they are now stand Could be show that the Secretary of the Navy proposed to abandon ing UJ)OD and fighting for-embodying as they do a class of men that his post; that any admiral, or rear-admiral, or that any captain in belonged to all parties in the past-is to reform maladministration the Navy, or ~nybody in the naval service contemplated the abandon and retrench t.he expenses of the Government. ment of his service because there was not an amount sufficient appro Mr. SHERMAN. What single act of reform has the democratic priated to supply the Navy for the next year! On the contrary, all party accomplished since 1840! In the history of our country I can tho laws and regulations touching the Navy calculated to promote show fifty for the republican party. Let us come down to the facts and secure its efficiency remain just as they did last year, and the now. This is the commencement of a political campaign. Name me Navy will go on and discharge all its duties notwithstanding the ap a single reform in doctrine, law, or practice that the democratic party propriations have been cut down to-&- less sum than last year, just as has ina.ugurat.ed and carried out. they did last year, and they will be just as efficient. Mr.MERRIMON. Why,sir,everybodyinthiscountryand through Then take the civil service. Will the cutting down of the salaries out the whole civilized world knows that lJP to 1860 no country on of members of Congress, of the number of employes in the various the face of the globe prospered as did this country and that this Gov Departments, the cutting down of pay to employes anywhere affect ernment had been administered by the democratic party substan the public service! Can any fa-ct be pointed to to sustain that charge! tially for forty years before that time. I apprehend not. We do not hear that any civil officer of the Gov Mr. SHERMAN. I say since 1840, since the organization of the ernment is going to resign on account of the fact that his salary has new whig and democratic parties, name me a single reform or great been reduced. The employes in the various Departments of the Gov measure which is enduring and now on the statute-book started, or ernment do not contemplate abandoning their positions because the ganized, and carried out by the democratic party. House has seen fit to cut down their pay ; and, even if they were to Mr. MERRIMON. Why, sir, after 1840- do so, there are hundreds and thousands just as e.fficient as they are Mr. MORTON. I should like to add to that question. I should and anxious to take their places, and who would discharge the duties like my friend from North Carolina. to name one single good act of devolved upon them as efficiently and as well. any kind that the democratic party has performed in twenty-five So that this is the merest clamor and· claptrap intended to get yea.I'B. [Applause in the galleries.l a.round that fixed, definite, and determined policy of thEbdemocratic The PRESIDENT pro tempore. pplause in the galleries is out of party to bring about reform and to retrench the expenses of the order. The Sergeant-at-Arms will see that it is not repeated. Government. That is not the way, in my judgment, to meet this Mr. MERRIMON. My friends had as well understand at once that question. It cannot be done by indirection. The majority in this I shall not be frightened by questions put in that shape to me or by body had better step forward and recognize the necessity, and say the clapping of hands in the galleries or elsewhere. Why, sir, in the that they join with the democratic party in this good work, for, if purer l, 1.ys of the Republic, from 1840 down, the Government was they do not, they will find, in my opinion, that the people will con comparatively pure and no country-! repeat what I said a moment demn them at the ballot-box in November next. ago-ever prospered as did this country down t.o 1860, and I ask the The Senator from Illinois then makes a thrust a.t the pending bill. gentlemen who fut these questions with such an air of triumph if He says it is plain that t.he purpose of this bill was to promote the they or either .o them dare deny that fact T They cannot point to success of a great many democratic aspirants in the various congres the time when the democratic party stole the revenues of the coun sional districts of the Union. In support of that imputation also he try; they cannot point to the time when corruption permeated the cited no single fact. He did not point to a. single district where the whole body-politic, and when the party itself had to condemn itself, interests of a single member of the House who seeks to be re-elected as has been the case with the republican party, as I shall have occa to the next Congress would be materially benefited by a. single ap sion to show before I take my seat. I am a-sked to point to a. single propriation contained in the bill; and I venture to say, if he had gone measure of reform. But, sir, the government was so pure, it operated on and analyzed the various appropriations, be would have found that so evenly except on a single question, that positively the people of there was no substantial ground for his imputation. I take it that this country did not know that they paid to support the Government the people of the country will not be governed in their action at the they lived under. Down to 1SSO there wa-s scarcely ever a complaint ballot-box by an empty suggestion of that character, when there is that anything ever was stolen from the Government, that the Gov no fact to sustain it. ernment was plundered of its revenue, that injustice was done to any Why, sir, take the appropriations for my own State-and I shall section, and the only complaint I ever heard brought against the have something more to say about them by and by; the principal democratic party was that the republican party insisted that they appropriations are made for places on the seaboard. They are ap- were pro-slavery in their practices, tendencies, and sympathies. 4682 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18,
But, sir, it was not my purpose, as I said, to go into a history of The number of galloD£1 that ought to have been accounted for the republican party and to point out its various usurpations, the in that time is 13,000,000,000, according to the estimate made by means by which they accomplished their ends, and I do not stop to the late Mr. Fessenden (then Secretary of the Treasury) in 1864. criticise their purposes or to inquire whether they were right or In that year he said in his report, in making his estimates on the wrong. It is not my purpose now to point out the m~a~s by whic.b subject of the internal revenues, that the number of gallons dis they accomplished those ends. Let that go for what It IS worth; It tilled was equal to about one hundred millions per annum, and if that has passed into history, and the work of that party has been do~e amount of spirits was distilled in 1864 it is reasonable to estimato rightfully or wrongfully, and the country and the world accept It. that after peace returned, and when the industries of the country But as to ita practices in relation to the administration of the Gov had bee_n in some measure renewed, the number of gallons produced ernment, particularly since the war, I have something to say. I wish annually would increa-se; but for the sake of certainty and fairness I to call attention to the maladministration of the Government and the take it that the annual production of spirits in this country since 1864 corruption practiced and tolerated by that party, particularly in ref and anterior to that time as far back as 1!;63, was equal to 100,000,- erence to the revenues of the country, llefore I take my seat. 000 gallons per annum. If that is correct, I repeat the number of The £rands practiced by thousands of the votaries of this party and gallons that ought to have been made from 1863 to 1874 was 13,000,- tolerated by it upon the Government from 1866 down to 1871 were so 000,000 of gallons. In the years 1865, 1866, 1867, and 1868 the tax on enormous, so appalling, that the better men of the party could not spirits was $2 a gallon. This ought to have yielded 00,000,000 in fail to see the appalling evil.s to which the country was subject, and those years. Now bear the fact, and a material one, that only they endeavored to inaugurate means of reform, and to that end they $104,000,000 were realized; so the loss to the Government pending raised a commission for the purpose of ascertaining what could be that time was $696,000,000! I ask the Senator from Indiana and I done to reform the Government in the matter of the civil service. I ask the Senator from Ohio, who propounded their questions with wish to call attention to a commission that was specially rais~d for such an air of triumph a while ago, where did that money go to; that purpose and to one or two things which that commission said, into whose pockets did that got Itwentintothe pockets of those who which I take it the republican party are bound by, for every m
4684 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18,
Government for over seventy years. Now, see what was expended I have the honor to hold a seat in the Senate I shall always be ready under republican rule. From June 301 1861, to June30, 1875, the net to do that which is necessary to discharge that obligation according ordinary expenses amounting to $5,22u,250,759.35. to its letter and its spirit. Mr. LOGAN. I desire to call the Senator's attention to one point But this is a digression ; let me go back a little. Four years of before he leaves it, with his permission. President Johnson's administration cost $1,012,420,202.14. Six years Mr. MERRIMON. Very well, sir. of the present administration cost 1,021,813,950. I admit, for I shall Mr. LOGAN. B~n examination of the expenditures from 1861 np deny nothing that is just, if I know it, that in administering the Gov- . to 1865 the Senator will find that they were all paid by +,he Northern ernment the necessary expenses-and the expenses I have beau talk States, and he might find a reason for that if he would look at it a ing about-were necessarily greater during the late war; but after little further. the war ·th~ expenses ought to have gone down rapidly until they Mr. MERRIMON. I do not care to controvert that fact; but sup reached a normal state. B'ut such wa.s not the fact. Ten years of pose I concede the point as proved. peace under republican rule cost this country $2,034,238,152.14, nearly Mr. LOGAN. I merely call your attention to it. one-third more than all the expenses of the Government from 1789 Mr. MERRIMON. I submit to my honorable friend that that is a to 1861, including the war of 1812, the Indian and the Mexican wars. poor way to debate the merits of a question. Is it not begging the If we add to the ordinary expenses of the Government during the question f If the evil I point out exists it is our duty as the American present administration the· amount of principal and interest of the Senate to correct it, no matter by whose act it came about. You can public debt it will amount to $4,008,438,461.82. This is ~ore than not draw me into a side controversy of that sort. two and a half times the entire expenses of the Government from Mr. LOGAN. There is no side controversy about it. March 3, 1789, to June 30, 1861. I have before me a table showing Mr. MERRIMON. I am here to meet the issue, to meet it on prin the expenses of the present administration from June, 1870. I will ciple, and to stand upon it, and to ask the American people from every not detain the Senate to read it but will ask permission to print it quarter to stand upon it and vindicate it. with my remarks. But pa-ssing on to the :figures I had, which may be a little trouble Mr. EDMUND~. The Senator had better send it up to the desk some before we adjourn and before this campaign is over, I will state and have it read by the Clerk. that fourteen years of republican rule cost the people nearly three Mr. MERRIMON. Very well; I will do so. I have also another and one-half times as much as seventy years of rule preceding 1861. table-the two tables may go together very properly-a table of the During the war I concede to the honorable Senator that the expenses civil list. I have also a table of the net ordinary expenses of the were necessarily increased. I make no point about that here. With United States Government in pe~iods of four years from the organ out stopping to debate who is responsible for that, I recognize the ization of the Government down to June 30, 1875. A friend of mine fact. Let those who made the occasion for it take the responsibility. bad this table prepared at the Statistical Bureau, and it may be re I am not here to debate that question. That is in t.he past. Let us garded as entirely reliable. Let the Clerk read these tables which look into the future and meet its responsibilities. That is what I am I send to him. prepared to do, whatever may be the disposition of other Senators. I The PRESIDING OFFICER, (Mr. MITCHELL in the chair.) The shall not quarrel with any one about the past; no good can come to Secretary will report the tables. any one or to the country by doing so. The Chief Clerk read as follows: Mr. LOGAN. If the Senator will allow me, I will state that I did not wish to de bate the question with him; but inasmuch as he is OiviZ list a11d 'net ordinary expenditures of the United States Government, making the republican party responsible for the very large expendi by peri{)d.s of four ye.at·s, front the organization of th8 G01:ernment. tures for the last few years, I merely desired to direct his attention (Condensed front the report of the RegiBtel" of the Preasury for 1875.) to the cause of the expenditures, and to a,sk whether it is very fair for the Senator to accuse the republican party of these large expendi Dates. CiVIl list. N e t ordinary tures when the Northern States paid the money and when he may expenditures. very easily see where the responsibility lies; that was all. I merely wished to call his attention to that point. Mr. MERRIMON. Suppose in the face of the Senate and the world From March 4, 17~ , to December 31, 1792 . • • . . • • . $1, 138, 052 03 $3,791,493 20 For four years ending December 31, 1196...... 1, 607, 969 01 12, 093, 205 35 I concode that for argument's sake; suppose I concede that the re For four years ending December 31, 1800...... 2, :m!l, 433 08 21,348,351 19 sponsibility for it rested upon my own head; Buppose that I concede For four years ending December 31, 1804...... 2, 297, 648 17 17,174,432 96 it rested upon the head of the southern people; suppose that I con For four years ending December 31, 1808...... 2, 616, 772 77 25, 926, 355 72 cede it rests upon the head of the democratic party-however such F or fvoll' years ending December 31, HU2...... 2, f!87, 197 98 36, 117, 357 98 For four years ending December 31, 1816 ...... 3, 768,342 61 108, S:J7, 086 88 is not the fact-how does that alter the merits of the matter that we For four years ending December 31, 1&20...... 4, 494, 606 42 57, 698, 0 7 71 are debatingf If there is a public evil, if corruption is rif~ in the For four years ending December 31, 1824. .. .•.••• 4, 665,602 11 45, 665, 421 88 land,- if we see it stalking abroad everywhere, permeating every For four years ending December 31, 1828...... 5, 271, 124 34 50, 501, !)L3 31 place in the Government, no matter what may be the direct or re :Flor four years ending DecemMr 31, 1832. .... •• .. 6, Odl, 307 73 56, 270, 480 62 For four years ending December 31, 1836...... 7, 659,086 86 89, 522, 286 68 mote cause, it is the duty of the Senate and of all good men to cor For four years ending D ecember 31, 1840...... 9, 899, -ttt6 58 1'21, 7'29, 801 16 rect it by every means in their power. From .January 1, 1841, to June 30, 1845...... 11,508, !M6 86 104, 360, 163 10 More than that, I will remind the honorable Senator that the debt For four yea1s ending .Tune 30, 1~9 ...... • 10,615,571 14 165, 381, 026 34 For four years ending .Tune 30, 1853 •• .. • • ...... • . 14,214, 458 90 165, 684, 050 48 he talks about is to be paid yet; that it is the debt of this country, For four years ending .Tune 30, 1857, (Pierce) ... 25,036,171 74 23'2, 820, 63'2 35 and all this country, the whole people, have to help pay that debt. For four years ending June 30, 1861, (Buchanan). 25, 180, 671 32 261,165, 809 62 It is tpe business of every patriot to be about seeing how our re For four years ending .Tune 30, 1865, (Lincoln) . .. 30,765,508 71 3, 176, 017, 3-16 94 sources shall be husbanded.} how our people shall prosper, how our For four years ending .Tune 30, 1869, (Johnson). .. *66, 412,391 61 1, 012, 420,202 14 For four years ending June 30, 1873, (Grant) . .... t69, 989,774 16 656, 066, 892 39 industries shall be increasea and improved, in order that we may be For one year ending June 30, 1874, (Grant)...... 17,646,253 38 194, 217, 210 27 both ready and able to meot the obligations that rest upon us and For on~ year ending .Tone 30, 1875, (Grant). . • • • • . 17, 346, 929, 53 171, 529, 848 27 which will continue to rest upon us until they shall be discharged. Let the Senate and let the world know the fact that we are careful *This includes $7,'200,000 paid for Alaska.; also $5,505,451.79paid for mail service, and anxious about the matter. For one, I am not a repudiationist. Post-Office Department. I recognize the high and solemn obligation of our public debt. While t Total in six years of Grant's two terms, $1,021,813,950.91.
Statement of the 'number of employes borne·upon the civilli8t of the United Stat-es from 1859 to 1875, inclusive, compiled from the Biennial Regi.sters.
1859. 1861. 1863. 1865. 1867. 1869. 1871. 1873. 1875.
l=i .l d g d ....0 Departments. · t rc ~ t bl: tt ~ t 1=1 Q 1=1 45 45 1=1 45 45 45 Q . 1-1 .s .s .... 1-1 q) ,Q q) :a ~ ~ :a Cl) ~ ~Ill ""' Ill ~ Ill ~ ~ rn :a dl ,.Q . ~ ..c:l dl ,Q 0: ..c:l CIS ..c:l dl ..c:l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c;j !:== ~ ~ ~ Cl) j Cl) ~ Cl) Cl) ~ Cl) ~ ~ ~Cl) ~ Cl) j ~ ~ Ill .... Ill ~ ~ 0 .... 0 .... 30 .... .$ i0 .... .$ 30 ~ ~0 ..., ~ 30 .... ~ 0 0 ~ ~ E-1 ~ ~ E-1 ~ ~ E-1 ~ 1'-1 E-1 ~ r::'l E-1 ~ ~ E-1 ~ 1'-1 E-1 ~ ~ E-1 E-1" 1------"------State ••••••.. 34 339 373 33 366 399 34 374 408 37 3P8 435 39 434 47] 47 528 575 57 387 444 63 401 464 460 Treasury •••• 487 3,295 3, 782 494 2,697 3,191 1,103 3, 721 4, 824 2,067 4, 176 6,24:; 2, 529 5, 5tl2 8, lll 2, 451 5, 631 8,082 2, 543 6, 050 8, 593 2,800 8,603 11,430 ll,:Hti Interior .•••. 607 691 1, 298 875 610 1, 485 829 634 1 4ti3 924 583 1, 507 774 984 I, 758 1, 322 849 2,171 ~ 452 ~ 412 ~ 1!1!4 l, Sll,991 3,581 3750 War ...•..... 90 246 336 120 703 823 670 749 1:419 924 2, 379 3, 303 1, 645 1, 023 2, 668 644 692 1, 336 564 968 1, 532 5134 1, 082 1,666 4: 7·lO Na'1" .••••••• 73 19 92 81 17 98 115 23 1:38 118 23 141 115 48 163 80 1t3 173 111 90 201 119 8, 122 8, 241 10,105 .Justice •••••. 6 206 212 8 268 276 9 204 213 9 212 2".!1 11 219 230 41 198 239 44 2£0 304 47 681 728 728 Post-Office ••. 101 38,193 38,294 107 39, 506 39, 613 160 38,574 38,734 173 40, 971 41, 144 23442,189 42,423 289 41,057 41,346 426 42, 925 43, 351 49~59, 730 60,225 65,726 Legislative .. 140 140 164 ...... 164 176 176 173 ...... 173 287 285 ...... 285 325 314 ------316 325 ...... Total •••. 1,53e 42,989 44,527 1, 882144, 16i 46, 049 3,096 44,279 47, 37:1 4, 425 48,742153,167 ~=I ~~;~ 56,113 5, 159149, 048 54,201 5, 3ll''''513 52, 092 l57, 605 6, 023180, 637 86,660 94,119 1876. CONGRESSIONAL,. RECORD-SENATE. ·4685
Summary and comparative statement of e:cpenditures or appropJ'iatwns in the several branches of the public service named in the fiscal yea1·s from . 1868 to 1875, 1·espectively.
Bnmeh of servioe. 186& 1869. 1870. 187L 187~ 1873. I 1874. 187~ Ro-.,ks.
Post-Office .•••••.•.•.•.•••••.••.. ~ 730, 592 00$23, 698, 131 50~. 998, 837 63 t24, 390, 104 08 t26, 658, 192 31 $29, 084, 944 00r:2, 126, 414 58$33, 611, 309 45 Expenditures. Indians ..•... ---···...... 3, 988, 3.'i3 00 6, 927,773 48 3, 407,938 14 7,426, 997 .f4 7, 061,728 ~ 7, 951,704 00 6, 69-l, 462 09 8,384, 656 82 Do. War ...... 123,246,548 00 78,501, 990 61 57, 655,676 40 35,799, .f.91 82 35,372, 157 20 46,323, 138 00 42,313,927 22 51,120,645 98 Appropriations. Naval...... 16,288, 244 00 17,356,350 00 18,453,270 00 19,250, 090 00 19,832, :t23 00 18,296, 733 00 22,276,257 00 20,813, 946 00 Do. Coast Survey ..... ~ --...... 455, 700 00 (78, 410 72 506, 279 06 735, 000 00 729, 000 00 852, 828 75 841, 000 00 780, 635 « Expenditures. Survey of public lands...... 373, 252 30 429, 495 78 641, 497 37 564, 940 76 838, 514 96 1, 128, 060 00 1, 271, 493 15 1, W9, 636 36 Do. Surveyors-general's offices ...... 95, 209 00 96, 596 08 114, 962 89 121, 144 05 557, 359 ~ 414, l'J5 00 735, 524 86 690, 303 38 Do • .Tudimary...... 723,378 00 2, 357,661 94 2, 610,342 53 3, 320, 918 98 3, 594, 077 5 3, 826, 131 00 3, 436, 567 25 3, 704, 309 90 Do. Subtreasury . •• ...... • .. • .. • • .. 260, 113 00 272, 614 27 305, 075 06 324, 014 73 430, 835 82 493, 661 00 549, 477 50 460, 379 17 Do. Miscellaneous . . . • ...... • . 53, 009, 867 00 56, 47.f, 061 53 53, 237, 461 56 60, 481, 916 23 60, 984, 757 73, :t2a, 110 00 ~. 141, 593 61 71, 070, 702 98 Do. 1
Mr. MERRIMON. Now, Mr. President, I have in my hand-- I have another table here. The Senator from Vermont seems to be M.r. EDMUNDS. Before the Senator goes on, will he explain these a little careful that everything that is said should go into the RECORD. tables sufficiently to tell us what he means by" net ordinary ex This table I did intend might be published in my remarks without penses!" detaining the Senate by its reading; but, as it is desired that it shall M.r. MERRIMON. I mean such expenditures as do not include the be read whether anybody hears the reading or not, I will send this interest on the public debt. table to the Clerk and ask him to read it so that it may go in. This Mr. EDMUNDS. Including everything else but interest on the statement shows the number of gallons of spirits distilled from 1863 to public debt f · 1875. Mr. MERRIMON. Yes, sir, the regular expenses of the Govern Mr. LOGAN rose. ment; that is what I mean. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from North Caro Mr. EDMUNDS. The Senator says he means everything, if I un lina yield f derstand him, except the interest on the public debt; all other ex Mr. MERRIM:ON. Yes, sir. penditures. ~ Mr. LOGAN. I merely wish to make a statement. Yesterday I gave Mr. MERRIMbN. Except the interest on the public debt and any notice that at one o'clook to-day I would call up House bill No. 58, to special appropriations that may have been made, as for example the equalize the bounties of soldiers who served in the late war for the appropriation made to pay certain unusual expenses about the Navy Union. Of course circumstances have put me in a position where it when it wa.s contemplated that we should probably have a war with is impossible for me to do it. I merely wish to make this statement Spain about Cuba; and I believe that pensions are excepted also. in order to give the reason why I did not do as I suggested I would Mr. EDMUNDS. Let us understand it. My only object is infor do. The reMon is well known to Senators. I could not interfere with mation, not debate. Do I understand the Senator to say that what he the Senator from North Carolina while he WM upon the floor, and he calls his table of net ordinary expenditures does include all the appro took the floor before one o'clock. priations made by law and all the expenses of the Government ex Mr. M.ERRIMON. M.r. President, I have in a very hurried way sub cept those for interest on the public debt! mitted some desultory remarks and made some points which I believe M.r.l'tfERRIMON. No, sir; the Senator did not so understand me. are material in view of what was said by some Senators yesterday Mr. EDMUNDS. It does not f upon political topics. I have not had time nor opportunity to collect M.r •.MERRIMO~. No; because there are other things that might a great many other facts tending to strengthen what I have said to not be included, a.s for illustration-! cannot specify all, nor do I day. If need be, I may do so upon another occasion. It was no purpose know all-the appropriation of moneys to pay the expenses that were of mine to engage in a political discussion on this occasion; but I incurred specially at the time it was apprehended we might have a thought it wa.s due the Senate, due the House of Representatives, and conflict with Spain. due the democratic party and the country that somebody should say Mr. EDMUNDS. Let me understand th Senator as to this table. something in reply to what fell from Senators on the other side yes Does he mean to say that it is only a table of the net ordinary ex terday, and when we said that something it should be oased upon penses as he now defines them T fact. If Senators can overturn these facts, I submit let them do so. Mr. MERRIMON. That is as I understand it, put down in the reg If they cannot do it, the statement I have made must go for what it ular documents that come to Congress, as not ordinary ezpenses. is worth. I believe the facts I have stated are true, my data are M.r. EDMUNDS. I am merely inquiring for information; that is likewise true, and my deductions are fair and just. Let any one all. show the contrary who can. Mr. MERRIMON. Yes, sir; I think my friend desires to ~et in I now wish to detain the Senate for a few moments upon the bill formation. I am sure he cannot have any other motive-he IS very before us. I can say truly that I am opposed to any river and harbor frank always. bill that I have ever seen. I believe that the river and harbor ap Mr. EDMiT.riDS. Are these official tables, reported to Congress T propriations made for many years past have been made under a M.r. MERRIMON. Yes; they are official tables. The statistics are vicious system of legislation. They have brought about a practice taken from the books containing the reports to Congress. of what may not be inaptly termed "cross-lifting" to pass a bill or, M.r. EDMUNDS. But who took themf That is what I wan~ to as the practice is styled I believe by the Supreme Court, "log-rolling." get at. I do not believe in that way of passing measures through Congress. M.r. MERRIM.ON. They were obtained from the reports made by I believe it is essentially wrong and that it is vicious. I have always the Secretary of the Treasury and other proper officers. voted since I have been in Congress for the river and harbor bill Mr. EDMUNDS. Then I understand this statement to be certified with great reluctance. I have not suffered my action at any time to by the Secretary of the Treasury that the Senator had read. be controlled by considerations such as those I have just adverted to. Mr. MERRIM.ON. I do not understand that the Senator understood I have uniformly voted for amendments to such bills upon what I me to say that. Those :figures are taken from the official books. regarded 38 their merits at the time. In the case of the present bill M.r. EDMUNDS. By private hands! I have voted to sustain the House bill except in a few instances, Mr. MERRIMON. Yes, sir. where I thought the amendments proposed by the committee were Mr. EDMUNDS. 0 I meritorious and ought to have been made. Mr. MERRIM.ON. If the Senator doubts their correctness, it is the I recognize the evils forcibly depicted by the Senator from Ver easiest thing in the world to verify them. I am astonished to see an mont, [Mr. Em\WNDS,] the Senator from Ohio, [Mr. THURMAN,] and experienced lawyer question the correctness of anything that can be other Senators in this debate. The speeches which they have made verified so easily and is of record. would be very proper upon another occasion. I believe that this sy~ Mr. EDMUNDS. I am not questioning anything; I am only ask tern of making appropriations for improving the rivers and harl>o:rS ing the Senator to tell us what his tables are. of the country ought to be made in an entirely different way. I be Mr. MERRIMON. I know the Senator does not in terms; but he lieve that a measure ought to be devised for that purpose, and if such has a very artful, astute way of seeming to question things without a mea-sure were before Congress I am quite sure no one would be more saying so, and that I apprehend he is doing at this moment. It can ready to support by his voice and his vote such a measure than my pass for what it is worth. If there is anything in the tables that is self. But such a measure is not here, nor is this the time to consider not true it is very easy for the Senator, or anybody else, to verify them it. It seems to me that we ought to look into the merits of this bill and prove that it is fa]se. · and the necessities and considerations which ought to prompt the Mr. EDMUNDS. There is a ve:zy easy way of stating the truth so Senate to pass it. I shall think seriously in the future of aiding some as to make it a falsehood. Senator in bringing forward a bill for the purpose of devising some Mr. M.ERRIM.ON. It would place me certainly in a very awkward other way by which to determine what appropriations should be made position if the Senator could do so. The tables are not false: they are for public works. It might be well to consider whether a commission :figures from official records. I did not write them myself; but I do cannot be provided, consisting of heads of Departments or certain not hesitate to say they are correct. They are taken from the public officers of the Government, who, aided by the Chief Engineer of the records of the country; go and see the record. Government, might determine what public works ought to be consid- 4686· CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18, ered by Congress from time to time. I do not commit myself to such Mr. ALLISON. That sum goes to swell the aggregate amount of a course of action as that at this time, but some one like it, I am sure, these appropriations. . ought to be adopted for the purpose of preventing the very difficul Mr. MERRIMON. So it does. ties and the practice which we see prevailing in the ca8e of the bill Mr. .ALLISON. And not a voice was raised against Cape Fear in now before the Senate, and which has prevailed for many years past. this Senate by anybody. This is a proper appropriation. It ought to be corrected; but it ought to be corrected at a proper Mr. MERRIMON. That is very true. I am very glad to hear the time and in a proper way. These eloquent speeches that are made Senator say it is a very proper appropriation. It is a, . public work now are not made for the purpose of·bringing about this reform. that has been on hand for some years and onght to be completed as They are manifestly for the purpose of defeating this particular bill, soon as possible. Can anybody complain that that appropriation or if not for defeating the bill, f.<> cut down the appropriations in was made for North Carolina J It is true that North Carolina is such a way as to leave only such appropriations in the bill as will locally benefited. Wilmington particularly is locally benefited ; but subserve the interests of persons who are deeply interested in them. Maine, and Massachusetts, and Rhode Island, and Connecticut, and I cannot join in any such warfaJe up{m the bill as that. I think that New York, and New Jersey, and PenDBylvania, and Maryland, and it ought to be tried upon its real merits, and that we ought to vote every State upon our Atlantic coast is benefited by that appropria for it in that light and in that light alone. tion. They have almost a direct interest in the improvement that is It is said that this bill is not consiste-nt with the action of the going on at the month of the Cape Fear River. My friend [Mr. EATON] House of Representatives in making appropriationB for other general suggests to me that so have the West an interest in that improve purposes. I do not assent to that proposition. It is not true in fact; ment. They send their breadstuffs, their wheat, corn, and grain to for the bill as it came from the Honse made the appropriations less the East by way of Baltimore, Philadelphia, and New York, and those in amount than the appropriations of last year by over $000,000. productions go to North Carolina and to South Carolina by way of Therefore it is in the line of retrenchment and reform. There is an this port. I am glad to see that the merit of this appropriation is other consideration that must be taken into this account. There is no conceded by all. bill which is passed by Congress that is better calculated to improve Let us come to the next appropriation in North Carolina, which is the country in material respects and aid in its development than river for Pamlico River. That is not a creek; that is not a stream to float and harbor bills. I do not believe that the country can do a better merely a flat-float. It also is a stream nearly as large I will venture service than to open up in a proper lawful wayitsriversand harbors, to say quite as large, as the Mississippi River at Saint Louis. An im and promote the convenience and interests of commerce by so doing; mense coastwise trade floats upon that stream. There are obstruc but I do not care to enlarge upon that point. tions in the river whereby the vessels cannot get up to the trading There is another incidental effect that this appropriation will have point, to wit, the town of Washington. Everybody can see that at this time, and that is one that might weigh something. I do not those obstructions ought to be taken out. .A. small appropriation is advocate the policy that Congress shall appropriate money at any made for that purpose. Can any reaaon be assigned why that appro time, in any emergency, to feed and clothe the laborers of the conn priation shall not be made, or that it is not a just and a wise appro try who are out of employment. I do not think that Congress has priation to be made f. I have heard no rea.son except the simple un any such power, and if it had I should doubt the wisdom of exercis founded suggestion that those are creeks, and only fish-boats float ing it at any time, but we know that there are thousands and tens upon them, in North Carolina and elsewhere. Now we come to Per of thousands of laborers who are out of employment to-day. They quimans River. Perqnimans River is a larger river than the Pam are in the cities; they are in the country; they are clamoring for lico River, and a very coUBiderable commerce floats upon it. It is bread; they are clamoring for raiment. · They complain that the in ·true it is a short river. It ought scarcely to be called a river at all, dustries of the country are so depressed that they cannot get labor. for it is really an estuary of Albemarle Sound. The river is very They are ready to labor if labor were offered. If these appropria deep. There are some obstructions near the place where the vessels tioDB should be made and distributed over the country, as they will st.O{>'- and it is necessary to.Jemove them. The trifling appropriation be from one end of it to the other, hundreds, perhaps thousands of of $3,000 is made for that purpose. It is legitimate; it is proper; it such persons out of employment shall receive employment. I think is necessary. that that is a consideration that we are not at liberty to throw en Then we come to the appropriation that so much noise and parade tirely out of the case. is made about, that so many faces are made at, about which so much I shall therefore, Mr. President, while I do not concur in the bill in laughter is indulged in, and that is theimprovementof the French Broad its presenii, shape, give it my support in some shape, at the same time River. If any Senator knew the character of that stream, its loca disapproving of the practice of passing river and harbor bills. I shall tion, the interests that would be developed, and the conveniences that be ready to join any Senator between now and the next session of would be su bserved by this proposed improvement, I do not believe Congress in devising some plan by which this vicious system of legis that a Senator preBent would hesitate for a moment to say that the lation can be dispensed with in the future. It is often the case that appropriation is really a proper one. we have to do the best we can with an existing evil. So it is iu this We have heard Senators talking a great deal about conscience. case. Yesterday some Senators did not know how any man who had a con I wish now to say a word or two upon the subject of two or three ap science could vote for snch appropriations as the French Broad River propriatioUB. I have been astonished that Senators ordinarily very and similar appropriations. I believe I have some conscience, and I generous in their feelings and liberal in their votes should become ex can vote for that appropriation without doing violence to conscience. ceedingly stingy on this particular occasion, and particularly when I believe that it is a work of public improvement that will be bene somebody else iB to be benefited by the appropriatioDB contained in ficial to a section of the country that is very deserving. This is not the bill other than themselves. I believe special reference ha.s been a mere branch; it iB not a mere creek. It is true it is in the monnt made on one or two or more occasions to the appropriations made for aiiiS, but it is not a stream that is confined t.o North Carolina. It my own State. One or two Senators have laughed at them, others rises in North Carolina, passes into the Stat.e of Tennessee, and forms have sneered at them, others have made faces at them, a.nd thereby a main branch of the Tennessee River. Below the North Carolina they expected to produce the impression upon the Senate and the line some distance it iB navigable for boats, and I believe it is navi country that they were simply monstrous. gated every day. Through the Smoky Mountains there is an immense Mr. CONKLING. If the Senator will point out those Senators we shoal. This part of the river cannot be made naviga.ble, but from will have them dealt with immediately. Asheville, in the direction of the source up a distance of forty-five Mr. MERRlliON. I do not care to be personal. I never am per miles, the river, as the engineer has stated, is from seventy-five to three sonal in my remarks when I can avoid being so. hundred yards wide and has a depth of water, at low water, of from Mr. CONKLING. .A:ny man who made a face at North Carolina four to six feet, except upon the reefs and shoalB. It passes through should be put to d(\ath. [Laughter.] a beautiful rich valley with magnificent mountains on either side. Mr. MERRIMON. I would not have him put to death, but I would The valley is rich in soil and in other respects. There are valuable endeavor in a proper way to teach him better manners the next time. deposits of iron-ore and other minerals along on either side of this I call attention to the four streams that are provided for in North stream. Iron is or has been manufactured at two or three places. Carolina. 'fake the Cape Fear River. At the place where this im With a small expenditure of money it can be made navigable for provement is to be made and for many miles above it, the Cape Fear forty-five miles above the town of Asheville, which will answer a use River is larger than the Mississippi at Memphis. More than that, an ful purpose. Althou(J'h there is no railroad to Asheville at this time, immense commerce floats upon it. Ships by the hnndredB enter there and has not been in t~e past, it has been seriously contemplated sev annually. The trade of that town goes to South America, to the eral times to improve the river by private enterprise. It is expected West Indies, to Europe, and I might say almost all over the globe. that two railroads, one from the State of South Carolina, and one There is an immense coastwise trade that goes north and south from passingfromeastoftheBlueRidge,NorthCarolina, will reach Asheville the port of Wilmington. If ·there is any work of national impor within the next twelve or fifteen months. When that shall be done, tance in a very considerable measure it is the port of Wilmington. this improvement will be a very proper one; it will be o.n exceed The appropriation made by the House and the Senate-for it was in ingly meritorious one; one that the Senate and Congress might well creased in the Senate-is not equal to the amount demanded by the be proud of. I am sure if the American people could 8~(\ and know engineer. We might reasonably have asked that. it and appreciate its worth, after t.b.e propose(] improvement shall be Mr. ALLISON. I will interrupt the Senator if he will yield. made no man would hesitate to say that Congress had made a wise Mr. MERRIMON. Certainly. expenditure of money in that behalf. Therefore, I say it is not mon Mr . .ALLISON. The Senate Committee on AppropriatioDB increased stroUB or vicious to make this appropriation. the appropriation at Cape Fear River 100,000. Mr. EDMUNDS. What river is the Senator referring to f Mr. .MERRIMON. I know the Senate committee did that. Mr.l\IERRIMON. It is the French Broa.d. 1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENliTE. 4687
Mr. EDMUNDS. Is that the one that the engineer reported last force, that it depended upon where the river was very much whether year would require a steam-pump to get water into itf the appropriation was right or wrong. Mr. MERRIMON. No, sir. I expect that river is in the State of Mr. WINDOM. It depends very much upon what its business is Vermont. and its capacity for improvement. Mr. EDMUNDS. 0, no; it is in the State of North Carolina. I have Mr. MERRThiON. See what the policy of the Government has been the report right here. I have the report all ready for you. toward this river in Minnesota. Mr. RANSOM. I will inform the Senator from Vermont that no Mr. McMILLAN. The Senator is aware that the Red River of the appropriation has been asked here for that river, but it will be im- North is a boundary line between the State of Minnesota and Dakota proved some of these days. . Territory, and that it extends :from Minnesota into the British prov Mr. MERRIMON. Is the fact that the French Broad is a moun tam ince of Manitoba; that it is crossed by the Northern Pacific Raiiroad, strea.m any objection to it f Is the :fact that this navigation cannot and is navigable of itself, but requiring certain improvements to connect with the navigation in the State of Tennessee, by reason of facilitate the navigation. the iihoals I have mentioned in the Alleghany Mountains, a ren.son Mr. . MERRIMON. I do not intend.to make a point against the ap why the improvement should not be made 7 I know that thousands propriation for that river. I have no doubt it is a stream that ought and millions of dollars have been appropriated for the improvement to be improved. I think the Government has done a wise work in of the Mississippi River as high as the Falla of Saint Anthony. Navi improving the navigation of the rivers of the Northwest, aiding in gation cannot pass above those falls, but above those falls the Missis cutting canals, and all that kind of improvement. We see the fruits sippi is navigable for two or three or four hundred miles, and thou of it, the generous and noble results. Profiting by that experience sands of dollars have been appropriated for the improvement of the let us go on and make that improvement somewhere else. We want Mississippi River above that point, while it is not contemplated a some of these improvements in North Carolina. If southern states boat can ever pass over and around those falls. men in the past, as my excellent friend from West Virginia [Mr. CA I take it Congress has complete power to make this appropriation. PERTON] stated yesterday, have talked too much about political ob For my own part I have no doubt about the fact that Congress has the structions, in the future I do not think they will do it; at all events power under the Constitution to make appropriations for the improve I shall not. I have no conscientious scruples about this appropria ment of rivers and harborsin theproperway. Idonotdeem itneces tion. I believe it is a wise and proper one, and if Congress shall make sary to go into a.n argument to prove the truth of this position, and it they will not regret it in the future. The time will come when indeed it is unnecessary that I should do so, because the practice to that country will blossom as the rose; when it will become the seat make such appropriations has prevailed in this country from almost of wealth and refinement, and its resources will be developed so that the beginning of the Government. Statesmen of every variety of it will be the summer-resort for our fellow-citizens from every quar political views and of different views on the Constitution have sup ter of the Union. I have no doubt about it. port-ed measures of that character. To say that it is anti-democratic I confess I am not satisfied with the amount provided by this bill is to contradict the history of our legislation from the time the demo as amended in the Senate. I wish a less amount than it contains now. cratic party had an existence down to this time. I shall venture, however, t.o vote for it as it is, if need be, with the There is a.nother point I want to say a word to my friend from Iowa hope that it may be made what it ought to be in the conference com [Mr. ALLISON] about. The other day he not only laughed at this mittee. French Broad appropriation, as he called it, but he said the engineer I beg pa.rdon for having detained the Senate so long. I thought, had not made any estimate for it. He said there was no need of it, under 1lhe circumstances, I was warranted in saying what I have said. because the railroad had not reached Asheville yet. I am assured Mr. MORTON. Mr. President, I shall detain the Senate but for a that the railroad will reach there at no very distant day. But why few minutes. I think it is proper to make some answer to what has so much clambr about this appropriation and smaller appropriations f been said by the Senator from North Carolina. My friend is undoubt I see two or three appropriations made here by the House for smaU edly sincere in what he has said to-day. He believes it all, and hence streams and the committee of the Senate do not say a word about I shall not call in question his motive for any declaration. It is some t.hem. I do not exactly understand it. . Here is one of them: times said that figures cannot lie; but we know that they ca.n be placed For the improvement of the Chippewa River, Wisconsin, $15,000. so that they lie prodi~iously. The figures which have been put into On looking at the engineer's report I do not see any recommenda the hands of my friend from North Carolina-! know not by whom- tion for an appropriation for that river. Besides that, it is one of . do lie prodigiously; they come nowhere near the truth. I will ask these small streams that we hear so much complaint about. Yet the my friend to let me see that statement about the defalcations in committee did not see fit to take any notice of that at all, they let it Johnson's administration in regard to whisky. It is very interesting. pass. Here is another item in the bill: The Senator was asked this question in the course of his remarks : What good thing has been done of any cha.ra.cter by the democratic For the improvement of the Red River of theN orth, Minnesota, $10,000. party in the last twenty-five years 7 I will ask what good thing has It was amusing reading to me when I turned over to the engineer's been done or suggested by that party in twenty-five years Y I should report to see that river described; yet there is nothing said about like for any Senator on this floor to name it. I will give him the t-hat in the debate. That is one of the little streams of the character floor to name it. that is complained of. Mr. SAULSBURY. I will tell the Senator. I say to him that the I do believe the appropriations made by the bill as it came from demoGratic House of Representatives at the present session have in the House have been made in such a way as to be distributed vestigated and exposed the. corruptions which have heen practiced fairly all over the country. As my colleague said the other day, it is under the AdminiRtration which he supports; and that the various a very unwise policy that only looks to the heart without reference committees of that body have brought to light not only a degree of to the various arteries and veins that go to support the whole system extravagance and of loose administration, but a degree of corruption of the body. In order that we may have an immense commerce on that ·has astonished this whole country. That is a noble service the seaboard, a commerce that will go to every clime, by which we which has been rendered by the democratic party at the present ses shall interchange our products with the products of all nations, we sion. must improve the rivers, the rivers in the mountains as well as the Mr. MORTON.· We know that the democratic party has assumed the rivers in the valleys and the lowlands, in order that any one who role of the detective. How much it ha.s discovered will appear·more has anything to sell may have an opportunity to get to the markets fully when we get the evidence. But that is dodging the question. The of the world. · Senator has mentioned certain investigationsduringthis session which Mr. WINDOM. Will the Senator yield to me for a moment t I think up to this time have merited chiefly and received the contempt Mr. MERRIMON. Yes, sir. of the country. I repeat the question, What good thing has been Mr. WINDOM. I want to call his attention to the fact, as he has done or suggested by the democratic party in the last twenty-five referred to the Red River of the North, that there were seven vessels, yearsf I see my friend from Connecticut, [Mr. EATON,] who has an good-sized steamers, running on that river all last year. Two more excellent memory. If there was one good thing in the history of his are being built this year, and a v~ry large amount of work ha-s been party for twenty-five years he would not hesitate to name it. done by them. There is a large commerce between this country and Mr. EATON. And he will name it before we get through with this the British provinces. If the gentleman compares that with his discussion. . mountain stream I will a-sk him if they ever heard of a steamboat up Mr. MORTON. When I look back I remember the fugitive-slave in Buncombe County or heard a steam-whistle f law in 1850; I remember the repeal of the Missouri compromise in Mr. MERRIMON. If the Government had done as much for Bun 1854, that breach of faith which was the beginning of the war ; I re... come County as it has done for the Red River, steamboats would have member the border-ruffian outrages in 1855 and 1856 ; I remember the been there a long time ago. Lecompton constitution and the Dred Scott decision in 1857 ; I re Mr. WINDOM. I doubt very much if they know what a steamboat member the democratic party in 1860 saying there was no power to means in Buncombe County. coerce a State to remain in the Union; I remember its opposition to Mr. MERRIMON. I could not expect the Senator to make so un· every war mea.sure; I remember its meeting at Chicago in 1864, dur generous a remark as that. I was going a moment ago to doubt ing the last great struggle, when every honest man knew that the whether the voice of civilization had ever been heard on the Red rebellion was doomed unless it was saved from the North, and their River. I take it that it has. I should be very discourteous to say declaring to the world, Mr. Tilden himself being on the committee, that no human being there ever saw or heard a steamboat or a steam that the war was a failure and ought to be abandoned. I know that boat whistle on the Red River of the North. I did not mean to make in any other country in the world than this, struggling with armed any point a~ainst the Senator's appropriation. I take it that it is rebellion, that declaration would have been punished as high treason, just and mentorious. I was pointing out, and I think with some ns it deserved to be, made at that time and under the circuiDBtances.· 4688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18,
I remember its opposition to the abolition of slavery. I remember South and the white republicans from the numerous slaughters that its opposition to the fourteenth and fifteenth amendments. I remem have fallen upon them in the past and from those with which ber the counsel it gave to the South to reject all reconstruction. I they are threatened in the future, we are told that we are trying to remember the outrages of the Ku-.Klux and white-leaguers who re do it by force. A.y, if we cannot do it in any other way, it is our ceived protection and encouragement in the tents of the democratic duty to do it by force. The protection of the lives of the people is party. I put the question to my friend-and I will give him the floor the highest duty that is ever imposed upon government; and when to answer-what good thing has his party done or even suggested in such slaughters take place as occurred in South Carolina the other twenty-five years f Continually evil; the blackest and the most day where ten men were murdered in cold blood under circumstances damnable record in the history of parties in this or any other country. of atrocity_that would shame anything that bas occurred in Indian My friend from North Carolina talked a great deal about the ex warfare for years ·past, if we try to protect men from the repetition penses of the republican party. He talked about the increa~ed ex of those things even by force, would it not be justified f penses of the Government. He said the last four years had cost the The Senator referred to the great corruption of the republican country more to maintain this.Government and carry it on than dur party. He spoke about the exceeding purity of the Government un ing the previous history of tho Government. I do not know whether der democratic administration1 and how vile and how wicked it was he is right about that or not; but I will assume for the sake of argu under republican administratiOn. I have been mingling with the ment that he is; and I ask who is responsible for itf I answer, my democrats for a great many years and I know them pretty well every friend and those with whom he has acted during that period. If we where. have incurred billions of expense, if we are now oppressed by a Mr. MERRIMON. Yon used to belong to them. national debt, if we a,re burdened by heavy taxes, I tell him, he and Mr. MORTON. Yes, I did in their better days, and I suppose I shall those who acted with him have laid those burdens upon us. They never cease having that thing thrown up to me. I left them in 1854, are directly responsible; and it requires all the face-I will not say twenty-one years ago and better. I am now of age in the republican cheek-it requires all the good countenance even of my friend to party, and whenever a democrat wants to hurt my feelings he charges stand up and say to the republicans," You republicans did not con me with having been a democrat. [Laughter.] quer our rebellion quite as cheaply as you ought to have done; you - Mr. MERRIMON. I can assure my friend that I did not intend to have not handled taxation and the public debt and the other conse wound his feelings. I thought it very probable that was the proud quences growing out of our treason as well as you ought to have part of his life. done. Therefore we are indignant about it. Yon ought to have done Mr. MORTON. No, Mr. President, that is not the proud part of my this business better; yon ought to have whipped us at half the ex life. The proud part of my life is that which was occupied in assist pense, and you did not. We propose to take the Government out of ing in puttin~ down the rebellion, preserving this Union, and con your hands and ourselves to settle with and deal with the conse queTing my fr1end and others who were in arms with him. quences of our own crimes and blunders." That is the argument of Mr. MERRIMON. My proudest part is the attempt to break up my friend. this corruption. • Mr. MERRDION. Will the Senator let me say a word f Mr. MORTON. I am coming to "this corruption" now. The Sen Mr. MORTON. Certainly. ator has brought in a statement that the Government lost during the Mr. MERRIMON. I do not concede what the Senator said. I deny administration of Andrew Johnson over a billion of dollars by frauds it. I deny it substantially, perhaps not altogether in detail. But on the revenue in regard to whisky. This illustration, like the oth suppose it was true, is it not my dnty and the duty of every good man ers, is exceedin~ly unfortunate. It happens that it was during a to reform these acknowledged abuses f Is that any warrant for the democratic admrnistration. · wholesale plunder which I have only to a very limited extent devel Mr. MERRThlON. 0! oped here this morning f Mr. MORTON. It was when the administration of the laws was Mr. MORTON. Mr. President, the Senator does not meet the point under the control and the influence of the democratic party; but my at all. He says, suppose it is so ; suppose that he and his friends are friend says that the republican party is responsible for Johnson's responsible for all these things, is it not his duty to reform abuses f administration, because it elected him, just in the same way that the Certainly it is; and it is his duty and those who act with him to come republican party of North Carolina is responsible for my friend's back and pay these debts if they could; but they cannot do it. It is speech this morning, because they elected him. I imagine that if in bad taste for him and others to come here and throw these things the republicans of North Carolina had heard my friend's speech this in the face of the republican party as if they were crimes upon our morning they would come to the conclusion they had done a very part, when they are but the consequences, the legitimate results of bad job, [laughter;] that they had made a very bad mistake. My his own conduct and those who acted with him. I am not putting it friend says he could not help getting their votes; he did not know in a personal sense. When the Senator arraigns the republican party about it; it was a surprise to him; he had no intimation ·of it, and for the consequences of the rebellion, I tell him it is not within his he has never forgiven them for voting for him yet, and he was trying power and it is not good taste for him to hold us responsible for it. to punish them this morning. [Laughter.] Mr. MERRIMON. That is simply a question of taste, then. Mr. MERRIMON. I wa.s very grateful for their votes. Mr. MORTON. No, sir; it is no question at all. There is no ques Mr. MORTON. A.h! Grateful to those corrupt fellows for voting tion about it. If these things are the natural and the legitimate con for him, and comes here to take Government money by the votes of sequences of the rebellion, it does not become those who were con a party that he describes as being the most corrupt that ever existed. cerned in that rebellion, who helped to make it, or took any part in Mr. MERRIMON. I did not describe individuals in that way. it. to throw it up to us as if it were a crime on our part; and that is :Mr. MORTON. My friend describes the republican party generally what is continually being done. We are held responsible for the as being the most wicked and corrupt organization. It has done some crimes, the misfortunes, and the blunders of others. good and generous things; my friend must admit that. It passed a Mr. MERRIMON. Are we to sit here with our mouths closed, and bill enabling my friend to take a seat here and to give us the benefit are we not the equals of other Senators on this floor f If not, we from time to time of his distinguished eloquence. ought to be turned out and sent away. I take it we are sent here Mr. President, it so happens that under the administration' of Mr. under the Constitution of our country to do whatever we can by our Johnson, when the democratic party had full control of him and con advice and by our votes and co-operation calculated to promote the trolled his appointments, the frauds upon the revenue in the collec best interests of the country. I am here for that purpose. If I am tion of the tax on whisky increased enormously, and although the tax not here as an equal, if I am not at liberty to discuss measures and at that time was $2 on the gallon the last year of his administration to aid in maturing them, the sooner the republican party turn me the collection was a little over 12,000,000, a mere bagatelle. The and the men like me out the better. Senator from Ohio stated the fact here this morning. So much for Mr. MORTON. My friend has not been sitting here all the morn democratic administration as compared with republican administra ing with his month closed, we all know, [laughter;] it is his perfect tion. right to hold the party in power responsible for any of its mi13deeds, The most corrupt administrations this country has ever had were and to seek to reform abuses that now exist and make things better those that were purely democratic, and the documents in the Treas in the future; but that is not what I am talking about, and I do not ury Department show it. 'fhe most corrupt periods of our adminis intend to have my friend, with all his shrewdness, escapE\ from the tration were under democratic rule. point. I bring him right back and I tell him that all the demorali Mr. MERRIMON. I ask the Senator to cite his facts. zation of the times that he complains of, these vast expenses, these Mr. MORTON. I am going to. That is what I am going to do, and increased employes, and the enlargement of the civil list, all these there is where I shall have the advantage of my distinguished friend. are things that he and those who acted with him are responsible for; My friend believes all he said this morning; but when his speech is and they have no right to Jay them at our doors as a crime or a_n in print, it will look like that veritable history of Baron Mnnchansen; offense. but, so far as my statement is concerned, I will verify it here. I have The Senator said in the course of his argument that the republican the statement from the Trea.3ury Department ; I am going to read it. party had accomplished all its measures by force. It was imputed Some four or five months ago, on the 9th of February, I believe, the to us as a crime that we had accomplished our measures by force. Sir, Senate passed a resolution calling on the Secretary of the Treasury that is in great part true. We had to put the rebellion down by force. to make a statement from the books of the Treasury of all the defal It required much blood and it required much treasure to put it down; cations and failures to make settlement, from whatever cause, that and we are paying the debt every day ; and even that is imputed to had occurred in our country since the 1st of January, 1834. 'l'ha.t us as a fault, that the republican party has had to accomplish its embraced the last administration of General Jackson. That docu measures by force. If we attempt to protect the colored people of the ment was sent here and with it an analysis printed officially. It
f 1876. I CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4689 comes over the signature of the Secretary of the Treasury; it is true; cratic aclministration, $6.98; in Lincoln's administration, 1.41, and it is given by detail; and it is worth ten thousand of the loose state that was during the war; in Johnson's administration, forty-eight ments that my friend has made here this morning, I do not care how cents; in Grant's first administration, forty cents; and in t.he last three sincere be is in making those statements. years of Grant's administration, twenty-six cents on the $1,000. Here :Mr. MERRIMON. Allow me one word T we have the statement from the Treasury Department that puts to Mr. MORTON. Yes, sir. flight aH these Monchausen stories that are told about the monstrous Mr. MERRIMON. I allowed the Senator to interrupt me when corruption and degradation of the republican party ; and I undertake ever he wanted to. That report does not present the fa.ots at all, and to say now that all things considered, w bile there are defalcations, and I had supposed that my friend knew it. It does not present a true there always will be until human nature is regenerated, and while state of any case that is ment.ioned in it, and I believe in support of there will be failures and short-comings and frauds, I believe to-day this declaration I might appeal to the Senator from Rhode Island, it is the purest and best administration this country has ever had. [Mr. ANTHONY.] I remember to have had a conversat.ion with him Mr. MERRIMON. Gracious alive! about that, if I may allude to the conversation at all ; if it is dis Mr. MORTON. The Senator says "gracious alive." It requires agreeable to him I will not. stronger declarations than that to get over these figures. My demo Mr. ANTHONY. Go on, sir; I do not understand what the allu cratic friends have but two arguments in this campaign. The argu sion is. ment has been, in the South, violence, intimidation; and the argument Mr. MORTON. I can set that matter right. The statement is not in the North is the cry of reform and corruption. The first argument correct in this, Mr. President, that there are defalcations put down that is the shot-gun, the revolver, the bowie-knife, and it is sharp and mur do not exist, that were afterward settled; but so far as the proportion derous; and the second argument is false and hypocritical. [Applau~ is concerned between the different adminstrations, so far as my pur in the galleries.] pose is concerned in the comparison I propose to make, it is the same The PRESIDING OFFICER. Th~ rules must be observed. as if every defalcation here stated took place. The objection is that Mr. MORTON. I think it has been said that in the last year of the stat.enient is not too small, but too large. Buchanan's administration, in 1860, the expenses of the Government Mr. MERRIMON. My objection is- were oJtiy $60,000,000. Well, Mr. President, the population then was Mr. ANTHONY. I should like to have the Senator from North 31,000,000; it·is now not less than 44,000,000; and when yon take the Carolina state what the reference to me is. I did not hear it. expenditures of the Government then and compare them with the Mr. MORTON. I prefer going on. My friend has no right to an expenditures now, and the population then 31,000,000, now 44,000,000, ticipate my statement by ~oming in with a caveat in advance. and take·out the payment of the interest on the public debt, the pay Mr. MERRIMON. The Senator from Indiana ought not to read ment of pensions, and all the expenses brought upon us by the re that paper, for it does not present the facts. I have read no paper bellion, I make the declaration without fear of contradiction that that does ~ot present the facts as shown bythe official records. That the expenses of the Government now are less per ca.pita than they paper does not present the facts. were in 1860. If they have been increased the responsibility is just The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Indiana where I placed it and where history will place it. yield f Mr. President, I should like to read this whole statement, but it is Mr. MORTON. I do not yield to my friend to make such~.. state long and I will ask the privilege of incorporating it in my remarks. ment as that. I stated wherein it does riot present the facts, that I mean the statement from the Treasury Department with all its details. some of these defalcations in all administrations were afterward set The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection t tled or turned out to be nominal; but that pertained just as much to Mr. EATON. I object. I object because it was not permitted to one as to another, and, so far as the object I nave in view is con the honorable Senator from North Carolina to have a table printed in cerned, it is a fair statement, because it shows the proportion in all his remarks. administrations, and now I propose to give it just as it is furnished Mr. ANTHONY. Then have it read. from tha books of the Treasury Department, and it puts to flight ten Mr. MORTON. I did not object to what my friend offered. thousand lies that are being told every day in every State and from Mr. EATON. Let it be read. every stump about the republican party. :Mr. MORTON. Let it be read from the beginning; it is good read· Take the last administration of General.T ackson, The defalcations ing; it is in detail, and the detail and particularity will show the and failures to make settlement on the thousand dollars of collection truth of what I said as a general statement. If my friends will have as shown by th*3 books of the Treasury were $10.5!); in Van Buren's ad the patience to hear it read, I am sure we shall not object. ministration, $21.15; in Harrison and Tyl~r's administration, $10.37; in Mr. EATON. Let us hear it. Polk's administration, $8.34; in Taylor and Fillmore's, $7.54; in Pierce's The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the paper. administration, $5.86; in Buchanan's administration, the last demo- The Secretary read as follows :
. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 'Wa.ahington I D. a., Ju'M 19, 1876. Statement showing the receipts and disbursements of the Government from January 1, 1834, to June 30, 1875; exhibiting also the amount of defalcations and the ratio of losses per 1,000 to tbe aggregate received and disbursed. arranp;ed in periods, as nearly as practicable, of four years each, and also in tbe periods prior and sub sequent to June 30, 1861; prepared under tbe direction of the Secretary, to accompany his answer to a resolution of tbe United States Senate, dated February 9, 1876, calling for a detailed statement of balances due from public officers no longer in the public service which have arisen since 1830: Disbursements, losses, and ratio of loss per $1,000, to aggregate disbursements. I - War. Navy. Indians. Pensions.
R • ~ . d • 0=> 00 Period. §g 0 og Disbursements. Losses. 11'10 Disbursements. Losses. 11'10 Disbursements. Losses. 11'18 Disbursements. Losses. 11'10 11'1 ~ 11'1 ~ 11'1 ~ 1D - e- 0~ 0 .... H• H* H* ~~
Jan. 1, 18.14, to Dec. 31, lil37 t36, 885, 422 32 $50-2, 062 83 .13 60 $20, Z75, 832 24 $213,405 94 l$10 53 $12, 095, 456 75 t130, 256 56 $10 76 $10, 873, 957 03 $17,906 63 t1 65 Jan.l, 1838, to Dec. 31, 184l 37,711,097 43 206,873 89 5 48 24, 428, 848 64 101,256 23 414 12, 879, 740 60 4, 215 61 32 10, 290, 804 48 101,951 64 990 Jan. 1, 1842, to June30, l845 20,483, 584 91 48,359 58 235 24, 920, 331 48 54,291 93 2 17 4, 573, 354 42 10,585 29 2 31 6, 650, 769 55 11,553 38 1 74 Julyl. 1845, to June30, 1~9 88, 500, 208 38 747,275 33 844 33, 550, 831 62 115,666 69 3 45 5, 084, 563 30 11,768 92 2 31 6, 112, 345 31 71,196 44 11 64 Julyl, 1849, to June30, 1853 40, 280, 994 37 373,158 05 926 36, 771, 937 67 141,493 87 385 11,417,463 4{) 69,497 61 6 08 8, 318, 428 22 1, 257 41 15 July1, 1853, to June30, l857 62, 492, 668 32 378,333 37 6 05 50, 843, 720 68 377,505 68 7 42 11, 322, 013 17 38,088 97 336 5, 316, 887 56 18,840 51 354 July 1, 1857, to June 30, 1861 88, 307, 575 a5 287,516 48 325 52, 6l5, 998 89 183,510 52 3 49 14, 325, 403 42 982,417 0~ 68 58 4, 577,393 06 4, 649 51 1 01 Julyl, 1861, to J nne 30, 1.865 2, 713, 569, 422 83 4, 241, 868 55 1 56 314, 223, 986 21 1, 079, 639 44 3 43 13, 169, 317 75 136,582 62 10 37 23, 263, 779 07 29,650 45 127 July 1, 181i5 t.o June30, L81i9 583,749,510 99 542,547 69 92 120, 173, 925 90 98 422 02 81 19, 135, 153 08 73, 973 971 3 86 I 88, 810, 848 ()-2 94,540 67 106 July1, 18W, to June30, 1873 175, 150, 962 73 169,900 39 97 85, 987, 323 86 180,964 68 2 10 25, 848, 369 29 23,557 44 91 120, 676, 926 67 230,825 93 1 90 July 1, 1873, to June30, 1875 83, 434, 573 20 23, 742 80 28 52,430,213 69 26,670 77 50 1'i, OTI,118 91 2, 676 38 17 58, 494, 630 88 ...... ------·····-· Total. .... 3, 930, 566, 021 03 7, 521, 63896[ 1 91 816, 252, 950 88 2, 572, 8'27 77 3 15 144, 927, 954 09 1, 483,620 4~ 10 23 343, 386, 769 85 5~2 . 373 57 1 69 ------Jan. l, 1A34. to J nne 30. 1&11 374,661,5.31 28 243, 437, 501 22 1, 187, 130 86 4 87 71, 697, 995 06 1, 246, 830 01 17 39 52, 140, 585 21 227,355 52 436 July 1, 1661, to ~ 543, 519 53 June 30, 1875 3, 555, 904, 460 75 4, 978, 059 43 r:1 39 572, 815, 449 66 1, 385, 696 91 2 41 73, 229, 959 03 236,790 41 I 323 291, ~46, 184 64 355,018 05 1 21 I I I i IV-294 4690 OONGRESSIONA1 RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18,
Disbursenumts, losses, and ratio of loss per $1,000, to aggregate disbm·sement.a-Continued.
Miscellaneous. Post-Office. Period. Disbursements. Losses. Loaaon Disbursements. LoBSes. Loss on 1,000. $1,000.
January 1, 1834, to December 31, tS:rr ...•••.• :: .•.....••.•H•• •••••••••••••••• _•••••. $23, 921, 077 47 8300, 154, 05 $12 54 . f11, 697, S84 58 f13, 696 31 $1 17 January 1, 1838, to December 31, 1841: •• : -••.••••••••••••• ~ •••••••••••••••••••••••• 25, 372, 936 06 2, 485, 356 47 97 95 . 18, 284, 961 77 51, 809 86 2 83 .January 1, 1842, to June 30, 1845.·•••••• · • .•• ·•·. ~ · •••••· ••••.•••••••••••.•••••••••• - •••• 21, 535, 282 45 4, 008, 452 22 46 82· 18,666,750 20 2, 679 46 14 July .1 1£145, to June 30, 1A49 ...... : ••••. 32, 133, 077 73 766,262 44 23 84 16, 861, 478 41 2, 571 24 15 July 1, 1849, to June 30, 1853 ...... ·-••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•••. 68, 899, 995 00 899,785 74 13 05 - 26,532,570 74 52, 946 20 1 99 July 1, 185.1, to J nne 30, 1857 •••••••••••••••• : •••••.•••••••••.•••••••••••• ••••••.••••. 111, 122, 107 75 862,084 11 7 75 40, 439, 110 70 280, 128 05 6 92 .Tuly 1,1857, to June 30, 1861 . •••••••••• .- ...... 101, 502, 826 81 834,731 96 8 2'J 56,957,922 74 172,278 46 3 02 July 1, 1861, to .Tone 30, 1865 .••••• :-•••••••••••.•••••••• . ••••••••••••••• ••••••••••• - 115, 145, 844 93 1, 111, 281 85 9 65 48, 779, 085 45 93, 467 63 1 91 201, 926, 036 61 1, 080, 156 8~ 5 34 81, 016,286 91 167, 236 74 2 06 248, 032, 245 27 440,953 04 1 77 104, 132, 079 69 117,797 60 1 13 ~~; tlr~: E~Ei ~: i~t::::::::::::::::::::::::~::::::::::::: :::::: :::::::::~ 1------156, 212, 296 59 1-----317,248 86 203 65, 737, 7!!4 03 34,970 63 53 Total...... 1, 105, 803, 726 67 10, 106, 467 5li 9 13 489, 155, 854 82 989, 58'2 38 2 04
January 1. 1834, to June 30. 18tJ1. ••••••••••• n ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• - :i84, 487, 303 ;; 7, 156, 8~ 99,18 61 . 189, 490, 678 74 576, 109 78 = 3 0-l July 1, 1861, to ;rune 30, 1875...... •••.•. ••••• .••••• •••••• •••••• •••••• •••• •• •••••• 721,316,423 40 2,949, 640 57 4 08 299,665,176 08 413,472 60 1 38
Disbm·sements, losse8, and ratio of loss per $1,000 to aggregate disbursement8-Continned. ,
Net total, exclusive• of post-office. Gross total, exclusive of post-office. Period. .Administration. Loss on Disbursements.* Losses. Loss on Disbursements. Losses. f1,000. f1,000. I
Jannary 1, 1834, to December 31, 1837 .••••••••••••. t104, 051, 745 81 fl, 163, 786 01 $1118 $110, 308, 325 19 f1,16..'l, 786 01 $10 55 JMksan's. January 1, 1838, to December 31, 1841. ••••••••••••. 110, 683, 427 21 2, 899, 653 84 26 19 137, 094, 438 34 2, 81J9, 653 84 2115 Van Buren's. January 1,1842, to June 30, 1845 ..•••••.•••.••••••. 78, 163,322 81 1, 133,242 40 14 49 109, 187, 401 24 1, 133, 242 40 10 37 Hanison ltnd Tyler's. July 1, 1845, to June 30, 1849 .•••••••••••..•••••.•. 16.'1, 381, 026 34 1, 712, 169 82 10 35 205, 194, ?00 57 1, 712, 169 82 8 34 Polk's. July 1, 1849, to J nne 30, 1853 ••••••.•••••••••••.••. 165, 688, 818 66 1, 4o5, 192 6'3 896 194, 370, 493 14 1, 485, 192 68 7 64 Taylor and Fillm6re's. July 1, 1853, to J nne 30, 1857 .•••••••••••.••••••••. 241, 097, 397 48 1, 674, 852 64 6 94 285, 638, 875 65 1, 674, 852 64 586 Pierce's. July 1, 1857, to June 30, 1861 ••••••••••.••••••••••. 261, 359, 197 73 2, 292, 825 52 8 77 328, 183, 268 39 2, 29:.!, 825 52 6 98 Buchanan's. li, 599, 02'2 91 2 07 4, 667, 457, 921 22 6, 599, 022 91 1 41 July 1, 1861, to June 30,1865 . •••••..•••••.••••••••. 3, 179, 372, 350 79 } Lincoln and Johnson's. July 1, 1865, to June 30, 1R69 .••••••••••••••••••••. 1, Cl3, 795, 474 60 1, 889, 641 17 1 86 3, 891, 576, 259 10 1, 889,641 17 48 July 1, 1869, to J nne 30, 1873 .••••••••••••••••••••• 6.'55, 695, 827 82 1, 046, 202 48 1 59 2, 601, 158, 569 90 1, 046, 202 48 40 July 1, 1873, to June 30, 1875 ••••••••••••••••.••••. 365, 648, 833 27 370,338 81 1 01 1, 406, 699, 819 31 370, 338 81 'J6 }Grant's. ------· Total . ••.••••.•.....•.•••.••••••••••.••..••. 6, 340, 937, 42'J 52 22, 266, 928 28 3 51 13, 936, 870, 072 05 22, 266, 928 28 1 59 = ·==-- January 1, 1834, to June 30. 1861 .••••••••••••••••• 1, 126, 424, 936 04 12, 361. 72':2 91 10 97 1, 369, 977 502 52 12, 361, 722 91 902 5, 214, 512, 486 48 9, 905, 205 37 189 12, 566, 892, 569 53 9, 905, 205 37 78 July 1, 1861, to June 30, 1875 .• ········-··········· ., *Includes expenditures for public debt. Posr..u. Mmi'EY·ORDERS.-A.mount involved to June 30, 1875, $389,718,785.38; loBS, f156,818.42; loss per &1,000, forty cents.
Receipts, losses, and ratio of loss per $1,000 to aggregate of receipts.
Customs. Internal revenue. Period. Loss on Receipt& Losses. Receipts. Losses. Loss on f1,000. $1,000.
Jtu1uary 1, 1834, to December 31, 1837.. ••• .. •••••••••••••••••. •• • • •••• •• • • • • • • • . $70,185, 498 66 $1,211,566 25 $17 26 f20,519 41 J~nnary 1, 1838, to December 31, 1841.. .•. ..••••. .• . .••••• ...•.•. .•...... •.. 67,283,444 08 264,502 94 3 93 9,964 20 January 1, 1842, to June 30, 1845 .••••• •••••••• •••••• ••••.•••••. ••• •••••• ••••••• 78,946,436 31 254,939 03 323 5, 892 71 July 1, 1845, to June 30, 1849.... •••• •• •••••••• •• • • ••••••••• •••••••••• •• • • ••• •• • . 110,564, 342 31 7, 719 11 06 3, 647 26 110 ~~~ ~: ~~: ~ ~:: ~: ~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ~~~: i~~:f~ ~~ ;;r,·~~~ g: 5.1 July 1, 1tl57, to June 30, 1861. ••••••••••• •• •.• • ••• • ••• ••••••••••••• •••••.•• ••• ••• 184, 125, 082 85 38,776 03 21 July 1, 18tH, to June 30, 1865. ••. . •••• •••••••••.•• .• •• ••••••• •••••• •• •. . ••••••••. 305,360,453 61 31,261 99 10 ··· 356; 846: i37. 30· · ·e423.- 288 ·6o · ..... si ·is July 1, 1865, to June 30, 1869.. ••• ••. •••••• •••••• •••••• •••••• •••••• •••••• •••••••. 699,977,488 65 254,498 55 36 924, 698, 401 12 2, 126, 602 16 2 29 July 1, 1869, to June 30, 1873...... •••••• ••• •••••• •••••• •••••••• •• .••••• •••••••. 805,268,591 96 20,935 15 02 572, 369, 401 lJS 826, 265 67 1 44 July 1, 1873, to June 30, 1875.... •••••• •••••• •••••••••••••••• •••••••••• ••••••• •• . 320,271,556 04 3, 407 28 01 212,417,278 48 283,195 63 1 33 1------1------Total. . • • . • . • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • • • • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • . . . • . 3, 082, 089, 093 98 !2, 434, 632 46 78 2, 066, 371, 242 46 3, 6.59, 352 06 1 77 ======:1======1======11==== January 1, 1834, to June 30, 1861...... •• • • • •• • • • ••• • • • • • • • • • • •• • •• • • • • • • • • 951, 211, 003 72 2, 124, 529 49 2 23 40, 023 58 J nly 1, 1861, to .T nne 30, 1875. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2, 130, 878, 090 26 310, 102 97 14 2, 066, 331, 218 88 • 3; 659; 352 ·00 · •• • • • • i ·77
.Receipts l{)BBell, and ratio of loss per $1 000 to aggregate of receipts-Continued ' ' ' lliscellimeous. Net total. Gross total.· Period. LoBS on Less on Reoeipte. LoMes. Receipts. Lcssea. Receipts.• LcBSes. Loss on $1,000. $1,000. $1,000. -- - January 1, 1834, to December 31, 1837 •. $62, 796, 953 70 t172, 259 16 f2 74 $133, 002, 971 77 $1, 383, 825 41 $10 40 $135, 995, 960 92 $1, 383, 825 41 $10 17 January 1. 1839, to December 31, 1841 •. 20, 832, 178 67 127,825 40 4 76 94,125,5 6 95 392,328 34 4 1ti 129, 948, 548 91 392,328 34 a 01 January 1, 1842, to June 30, 18~ _.•••.. 8, 545, 683 07 175,042 36 20 48 87, 498, 012 09 429,981 39 4 91 116, 736, 004 87 429,981 39 368 July 1, 1845, to June 30, 1849 .•••••••••• 12, 019, 158 04 10,390 tn 86 122,587, 147 61 18,109 98. 14 201,857,508 45 lil,l09 98 08 July 1, 1849, to June 30, 1853 ..•••.••••• 12, 624, 329 0 l 60,521 50 4 79 207, 581, 775 49 276,270 58 133 211, 908, 612 91 276,270 58 1 30 July 1, 1853, to June 30, 1857 .•••••••••. 37, 024, 174 86 81,724 73 2 20 282, t 72, 927 89 213,001 78 75 282,179, 829 56 213,001 78 75 July 1, 1857, to June 30, 186L ••••.•.•.. 12, 838, 290 35 155,227 80 12 09 196, 963, 373 20 194,003 83 98 312, 359, 679 56 194,003 83 62 July 1, 1861, to .Tune 30, 1665 .•••.••••. 67, 251, 745 08 53,943 01 80 729, 458, 335 99 508, 49:~ 60 69 4, 670, 460, 137 61 508,493 60 10 July 1, 1865, to June 30, 1BG9 .•••..••••• 91, 743, 064 44 181,621 19 1 97 1, 716, 4181 954 21 2, 562, 721 90 1 49 4, 042, 316, 438 46 2, 562, 721 90 63 July 1, 1869, to J nne 30, 1873 .. : •••••••. 79, 624, 848 56 107,497 86 1 35 1, 457, 262, 842 50 954,698 68 65 2, 576, 645, 585 22 954,698 68 37 July 1, 1873, to June 30, 1875 ..•••.••••. 51, 273, 027 . 73 35,581 01 69 583, 961, 862 25 322,183 92 55 1, 420, 22'2, 898 62 322,183 93 22 ---- To'tal .•....•...... •..••..•...... 462, 573, 453 51 1, 161, 634 89 2 51 5, 611, 033, 789 95 7, 255,619 41 129 14, 100, 631, 205 09 7, 255, 619 41 51 ==-=-=== ----======January 1, 1834, to June 30, 1861 ••••••. ----,---172, 680,767 70 782,991 82 4 52 1, 123, 931, 795 00 2, 907,521 31 2 58 1, 390, 986, 145 1.8 2, 907, 521 31 2 09 July 1, 18611 to June 30, 1875 ••••••••••• 2ro, 89'2, 685 81 ! 378, 643 07 130 4, 487, 101, gg4 95 4, 348, 098 10 96 12, 709, 645, 0;)9 91 4, 348, 098 10 34 -- - • Inaludes reoo1pts for loans. 1876. OONGREBSIONAL REOORD-SENATE. 4691 ----·~------~r------NOTES TO THE FOREGOING TABLES. that those harbors essentially necessary for the protection of the gen 1. In cases where the accounts of defaulting ·officers embrMed more than one eral commerce of the country should receive t he fostering care and period the losses, unless known to have occurred in other periods, have been charged protection of the General Government. But the bill goes further; to the periods in which the accounts were opened in this Department. In cases of the bill, both as it came from the House of Representatives and as it defaulting banks, however, for want of other information, the losses have been wa.s reported from the Senate Committee on Appropriations and has charged to the periods in which they are reported on the books, thoup;h doubtless in several instances t hey actually occUITed in previous periods. No losses of the been amended here, goes to the extent of appropriating money from latter kind, however, have been included unless known to have occurred within the public Treasury, not to works of improvement necessary and ad the period covered by this statement. vantageous to the general commerce of the country, but it proposes a 2. No deductions have been made for amounts which may be collected hereafter, distribution, unequal it is true, of the public moneys of this country . though a large percentage of the recent losses will doubtless be yet recovered. 3. In prepa.rin" this statement the receipts and disbursements since J nne 30 1843, among the States of this Union for the purpose of cleaning out their have been classified by fiscal years as in the published official reports ; the losses rivers and creeks, many of them wholly internal, within the State, have in all cases been classified by calendar.years , it not being practicable to sepa. and over which the General Government has no control; rivers and rate the losses occurring in the fractional years of each period, but the periods creeks, too, that have no navigation and no commerce which Congress compared being of the same length the result is substantially correct. can regulate under the power contained in the Federal Constitution to Mr. MORTON. I ask my friends to state what good thing the regulate commerce. It appropriates money to clean out streams that democratic party had done or proposed to do in a quarter of a cen-· are not navigable and to make navigable mere branches or streams of tury, and my friend from Delaware referred to i~vestigations set on water that are now admitted not to be navigable for any kind of ves foot by the House of Representatives which he said had developed sels and which have no commerce. I shall not specify any particular great frauds and corruption. I might ask the Senator what frauds work; but. I say that so far as the bill applies to that class of improve on the Government of the United States have been developed thus ments it is in my opinion wrong in its provisions, and in my judgment far that he can name; what the Government has lost by any frauds we have no right to appropriate money for any such purpose. that have been proven before these investigating committees. We The argument of the Senator from Pennsylvania [.Mr. WALLACI~] are now sitting as judges upon a Cabinet officer, and in regard to his yesterday, which wa~ very clear and lur.id, showed conclusively, to case it is not proper for the Senator or for me to express auy opinion ; my mi.ild, that the appropriation of moneys out of the Treasury for but it is not even charged that so far a~ he was concerned the Gov the purpose of originating navigation where none existed is unauthor ernment lost anything by him; and now, in view of this very broad ized by the provision of the Constitution giving to Congress the power statement, the only saving clause he can possibly make for the demo to regulate commerce, or by any other provision of that instrument. cratic party in twenty-five years, I a~k him to name the investigation If we go into that kind of improvement by the General Government, that shows that the Government ha~ lost anything by fra.ud that has where will be your limit1 If, for instance, Congress may take a been developed or practiced. I will give him the floor. stream, whether in North Carolina, or West Virginia, or Missouri, or Mr. SAJJLSBURY. The Senator from Delaware will answer after Delaware, or anywhere else, upon which there is no commerce, which the Senator from Indiana finishes his speech. is not navigable, which contains obstructions that have up to the Mr. MORTON. I offer my friend the floor. I want him to stn.te present time defied the ingenuity of man to overcome, and attempt to what single dollar it hn.s been shown that the Government has lost make them navigable and set commerce upon them, where is the limit by any of these frauds and corruptions which it is said have been de to its power! If, I say, the Federal Government may, out of the veloped. I will give him the floor now to do it. public Treasury, go into any of these States and clean out rivers, dig Mr. SAULSBURY. The Senator from Delaware will take his own out channels, in other words, make mere branches and streams which time. are not navigable highways for commerce, where is the limit to the Mr. MORTON. Mr. President, I have already taken more time than power of the General Government in that behalf f If you can make I intended to do; but I run going to conclude by this question that an artificial highway in the bed of a rivulet merely because there is I propound to that Senator and to the whole country: Who can be water passing down it, may you not cut a canal across any elevated safely trusted with reform T- Reform is the normal business of every portion of your country! May you not connect the waters of the party at all times, and of every Congress. It is like the poor : the Pacific and the Atlantic by a canal, and make a highway for com necessity for reform is n.lways present with us; and that party is merce where none existsf truly the reform party that carries it on quietly and steadily from Again, if you may conatruct one kind of artificial highway, I ask year to year, and not that party which breaks out now and then the question whether you may not make any kind of an artificial high with spasmodic declarations in favor of reform, but which in all in wav. If you may dig a c:tnal or if you may clean out an unnaviga termediate periods practices corruption whenever it ha.s the ch.ance. ble~ stream and make it navigable by cutting a channel in it, by re I ask what men or set of men can be best intrusted with this Gov moving obstructions, and open it to the commerce of a State, then I ernment f I say they are the men who preserved this Union, who take it you may build railroads within the limits of a State, railroads put down the rebellion, who have preserved this Government, who for mere local improvement and only of local value. have preserved the credit of the country and are laboring to make it Now take np this bill and answer me this question, are there not perfect, who are determined to pay its debts and to maintain its good many of its provisions which propose to benefit certain localities name; the men who have amended the Constitution, who harVe abol alone, and not to advance the general commerce of the countryf Sir, ished slavery, who have conferred equal rights upon men of every it is a stretch of the authority conferred by the Constitution when race, color, and condition. They a.:re the honest men to be intrusted you attempt by the exercise of the power of the Government, when with reform. I think we can trust them better than we can those you attempt by appropriations out of the public Treasury to advance men who come to us fresh from the rebellion, who come to us fresh the local interests of particular neighborhoods, and you are going a. from slavery; better than we can trust those hacks and humbugs grea.t way, in my opinion much further than the Constitution of this who have come down from twenty years of democratic misrule before country warrants in any such attempts. If you may promote local the war; better than w.e can trust the fngitives who have been kicked advantages by appropriations from the public Treasury to works of ont of the republican party for incapacity and fraud; better than we this character, I know of no limit whatever. I know the argument can trust the alumni of Tammany Hall. that has been repeated on this floor, and perhaps will be repeated Mr. SAULSBURY. Mr. President, I believe the pending question is again, that it is developing an undeveloped country, that it is adding the motion of the Senator from Ohio [Mr. THURl\IAN] to refer the river to the products of the country and bringing into market and into the and harbor bill to the Committee on Appropriations, with instructions general commerce of the country productions which otherwise would to limit the amount of appropriation to $4,000,000. I had intended be not be brought in. In other words, that it facilitates the advantages fore the vote was taken on that motion to submit some remarks upon of neighborhoods and localities and adds to their productive industry, the bill and in favor of the motion of the Senator fron Ohio. I had and by that means adds to the general wealth of the country and to not intended to enter into any political discussion on this question. the commerce of the country. But test the logic of that argument. The Senator from Indiana, [Mr. MoRTON,] however, has seen proper in If that is a substantial reason why you may appropriat~ money out the conclusion of the remarks which he has just submitted t.o call of the public Treasury, then I ask may you not upon the same process upon me pere~nally to explain what losses to the Government have of reasoning appropriate money out of the Treasury to drain the been revealed by the investigations going on in the House of Repre swamps and savannas of the Southern States, to cut canals and sentatives by reason of the action of the republican party, and per ditches for the purpose of draining and reclaiming the lands that are haps before I close my remarks I may have something to say in an now not arable, and by that means promote the general interests of swer to that interrogatory. I propose, however, at the outset to con the country by developing the resources of the country, developing fine myself to the consideration of the bill under discussion, intending the productive capacity of certam .Localities whereby they may con that the remarks which I ma.ke shall be in favor of the motion of the tribute to the general products of .the country and thereby incident Senator from Ohio to recommit that bill with instructions to report ally benefit the commerce of the countryf an amount not exceeding $4,000,000 for rivers and harbors. We ought to pause before wo take such :1 wide departure, we ought Now, sir, what are the provisions of this bill f Let us look a.t it aa to look to what consequences such a doctrine may lead; for I confess it lies on our tables. It proposes to appropriate money to the im standing here in my place that if the doctrines of this bill, which are provement of rivers and harbors of national importance, appropria no worse than former bills of the kind, are to prevail, if the public tions necessary and proper for the protection and benefit of the gen money of the country is to be taken from the Treasury and appro eral commerce of the whole country, and, in so far as the bill proposes priated to works whol1y local in their interest and to the improve to make appropriations to objects of that character, it is in harmony ment of streams that are not navigable, I know no limit to the power with the usages of the Government, I believe, from the foundation of of Congress; and if a majority of the Senate should represent neigh the Republic, and I have no objection to make, therefore, to that por borhoods Lhat might need canals or ditches cut for the Plll'J?OSe o:f tion of the bill. It is, I believe, the general sentiment of the country their reclamation and development, they would have the. same autl:J.,or- 4692 . OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SEN A'TE. JULY 18, ity to vote money to such objects, because the same argument that ment. The fact is that our views in reference to the taxing powers sustains the one would snstain the other; that is, the argument that of this Government, I am fearful, are becoming entirely too undefined. it develops the country and furnishes a means for the increased pl'o The Government has the right to tax the people of this country for dnct.ion of the country and thereby the inci~ental enlargement of the legitimate purposes of government; but we are fast lapsing into the commerce of the country. I have no objection to any of these that condition when we rely upon the taxing powers of the Govern local interests; I should be glad to see them promoted; but I want ment for every purpose and believe that power unlimited. Now, sir, to see them promoted in a proper way; I want to see them promot as a citizen of the Government I am bound to yield my just share and ed by the States and by the localities in which they lie. I do not proportion of the expenses of the protection which tha+. Government believe that evt'ry neighborhood that has a little stream running gives me; but the Government is bound and we as Senators are bound through it should come to Congress and ask for an appropriation of to see that the power of taxation is not improperly exercised, but that money that the obstruction may be cleaned out and navigation made it is kept within the proper limits. We should be careful to do noth where nature never designed that there should be navigation. ingthat wouldnecessitate the exercise of the taxing power improperly. I shall not go through the details of this bill for the purpose of We should make no appropriations of money which will devolve on pointing out and making invidious distinct.ions between the differ Congress the duty and necessity of exercising the taxing power in ent items of appropriation here. My purpose is answered when I say any greater respect than is absolutely necessary for the proper ad that the bill as it came from the Honse and as it is now before the ministration of government and the maintaining of the honor and Senate contains appropriations of that character for which I cannot, dignity of the Government and the happint>.ss of the people. with a due regard to the Constitution of the country and a just re If we keep on with these wild, extravagant expenditures, there gard for the interest of the people, vote. I am perfectly willing that must be at leaat the present maximum of taxation kept up and per all appropriations to proper objects should be made, and I am there haps largely increased. . The people of this country want to be re fore in favor of referring this bill back to the committee that they lieved from oppressive burdens. They have felt for years that the may eliruina,te from it those matters which are objectionable, and put burdens of government were pressing heavily upon them, but they it in such shape as will enhance and promote the general interests of have nobly responded to the demanilii of the Government; but that the commerce of the country, and wipe from it everything which pro response is felt to be oppressive all over this country; the people are poses simply the advantage of the local interests of neighborhoods. becoming poor, and you find throughout every portion of this coun But, Mr. President, suppose we have the power; suppose there was try, now that bankruptcies are occurring, that real estate is depreci authority under the Constitution of the country for Congress to put ated, that men are out of employment because capitalists have been its hands in the Treasury and take therefrom money and appropri unable to carry on their business. Scarcely any people on the face ate it to every object named in this bill, then I ask would it be right, "Of the earth have had such a strain upon them as the A.merican would it be proper, would it be expedient in the present condition people in the last ten or fifteen years. I do not know the e~act and circumstances of the country to do so f Let us look for a ·moment amount that has been collected from the people of this country, but at our condition. Your revenues have fallen off. That is not denied I will venture the remark that there has been upon the average not in any quarter of this House. You have a large public debt the in less than $400,000,000 for the last fifteen years, which would aggre terest of which must be paid. The honor of the Government is pledged gate $6,000,000,000 that has been collected from the American people. to it ; and I apprehend that there is not a Senator on this floor who During the present Administration it will average more than $300,- would be willing to see the period arrive in the history of this country 000,000 which has been collected from the people and placed in your when the revenues of this Government should not be sufficient to Treasury; and I say again, and I repeat it with emphasis, that no meet, and promptly to meet, the plighted faith of the Government. people on the face of the earth can stand such a drain upon their re It makes no difference what may be our views as to the propriety of sources. the creation of that debt; it may make no duf'erence what may be There are comparatively very few men who have more than what our views of that policy which placed our debt in foreign countries is absolutely necessary for the support of themselves and their fami and extracts from the people of this country $100,000,000 in gold to lies, and yet they have been compelled to contribute to the expenses pay to foreign capitalists; it makes no difference what may be oor of the Government. They have felt that they were bound to uphold views in reference to the extrangance which created the public debt in part the honor and dignity of the country, and they have not com· as it exists; it makes no difference what may be our view in refer plained; but the wolf is at their door now; men ~re becoming poor ence, I had almost said, to the stealings that are incorporated in the everywhere. Take up the papers in any county almost, in any State public debt; it is the public debt of the country and is binding on of this Union, and you will find the advertisements of the sheriff or auc the country. Every man on this :floor I trust feels sufficient interest tioneer of forced sales and men who are being sold out. I know that in the honor and dignity of this country to provide promptly for the is 1he case in my own State, and I believe ·to-day we are in better con extinguishment of the interest of that debt as it falls due and the ul dition than almost any State in this Union, simply because in the timate extinguishment of the principal of the debt as soon as the busi management of our State affairs we have been exceedingly economi ne.ss interests of the country will justify it. Therefore I say our first cal and prudent; and yet the people are becoming poor because of duty is to maintain inviolate the plighted honor and faith of the this continual drain on their resources. We ought, therefore, I say Government and uphold its credit, whether we approve of the man again, to be careful how we appropriate the money in the Treasury ner in which that credit was transferred to foreign capitalists or not, which has been placed there by taxation of the people, and which and we should not by unwise appropriations frit away the public must be replaced, if we take it out of the Treasury and improperly money and lessen the ability of tho Government to meet its obliga apply it, by additional taxation. tions. Looking away now from individual interests, looking at the coun Well, sir, you have other debts tha~ must be paid. You have a try as a whole, I say that we are not in a condition to expend money for pension'debt of near $30,000,000. You have pledged the country to these purposes at the present time, at any rate to expend it so lav pay that debt, and many persons are now living upon the bounty of ishly as is proposed by this bill. It is true that judging by one state the Government for whose support you are pledged to provide, the ment of facts the country would seem to be prosperous. I believe wives and children of men who fell in the war. We are pledged to that our exports exceeded our importations and that the b:1.lance of pay to them the dues which the Government promised to the soldier trade was slightly in our favor during the last fiscal year, perhaps if he lived and promised to his wife and children if he died. I do not from sixty to seventy million dollars in our favor. Bot that does not want to endanger that fond in any particular. While I have no doubt show our real condition. Suppose the balance of trade is in our favor that many frauds have been committed upon the pension fund, while slightly; suppose it is even $70,000,000; we are still debtors because we I have no donbt that there are a large number of persons now pen have the interest to pay in foreign countries on the national debt sioned by the Government who ought never to receive pensions be and upon municipal bonds and corporation and State bonds held cause th~y are not entitled to them under any law of the land, (and I abroad. We have an amount of not less, I apprehend, than 125,000,000 am justified in that remark because I have understood that a former to pay annually in interest abroad so that your $70,000,000 would be Commissioner of Pensions declared that a large percentage of the pen unequal to your interest account abroad and leave you minus soma sion claims upon the Government were fraudulent,) yet while we have $50,000,000. My friend from Connecticut [Mr. EATO~] says our interest the pension list to provide for, I want to see no part of the revenues accountabroadis$200,000,000. Ifthatisthecasedoesitnotdemonstrate of 1·his country improperly dh·erted to other subjects so as to endanger that as a whole we are becoming poorer f To illustrate. Suppose for that responsibility which rests upon the Government. Your revenues instance upon my farm I raise a thousand dollars' worth of wbeat are pledged to other objects and are falling off, and you are not in a or other products to sell, and it requires $900 to meet the ordinary condition to-day to engage in this wholesale business of improvement wants of my family. I have $100 surplus left. If I am clear of deht throughout the whole length and breadth of this land of the character the small surplus would be a slight addition to my capital; but if which I have described. upon my farm I owe a mortgage of $5,000, the interest of which ifl It is not only the condition of the Government in reference to its $300, my $100 of surplus would only pay one-third part of my inter· revenues that forbids this wild appropriation of money, but the actual est, and thus my indebtedness is becoming increased, I am daily be condition of the country forbids it. I am aware that the Government coming poorer and poorer; and that is just the condition of this coun has but to exert its power and it can call in from the people by tax try. While the balance of trade may be slightly in our favor it is ation enoup;h means to maintain its honor and credit even if you ap wholly insufficient to meet the interest which we have to pa.y abroad, propriate this money. I know that by the exertion of the taxing and we are becoming aa a country poorer and poorer every day. It power the Government may be in receipt of additional revenues and is not in a condition to have any additional burden laid upon it which may take from the people of this country thaL which they actually can be properly dispensed with. need for their support and may put it in the Treasury: but I am With the thermometer at 86° while I speak I do not propose to tres not in favor of such an exertion of the taxing power of this Govern- .pass long on the time of the Senate, but for these reasons assigned •
1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4693
and others not mentioned I am in favor of a recommittal of this bill their promise; but it is not redeemed. Your greenbacks are at a dis so that the Committee on .Appropriations, with a proper regard to the count still and will ever remain at a discount until democratic policy condition of the country, with a proper regard to the revenues of the shall give the country a currency based upon gold and silver and country~ and with a proper regard to the interests of commerce, may bring np your greenbacks from their · depreciated comlition to an re-adjwt it and eliminate all these matters which are improper to be equality in marketable value with coin. placed in this bill. I am in favor, a..s a general rule, of economy, and Mr. SHERMAN. If the Senator were to say that in Ohio, the I am especially in favor of economy at this time, when I know, and democrats there would set him down as the worst kind of a black re you know,sir, that all over this country from one end of it to the other publican. [Laughter.] there is a demand for retrenchment and for reform. Mr. SAULSBURY. I am afraid there are a good many things Yesterday the honorable Senator from Indiana [Mr. MORTON] and wrong in the State of Ohio. I should very much regret to have to the honorable Senator from Illinois [Mr. LOGAN] saw proper in their part company with my friend, the honorable chairman of the Finance criticisms on this bill to refer to it as a politicaljob, as 50t np for polit Committee, bnt if the public sentiment of the people of Ohio wa-s ical purpose.-., dispensingwith that profesaedeconomy which the House right I am very snre he would be serving his last term in the Senate. of Representatives had attempted to practice. Well, sir, I do not ap Mr. SHERMAN. I believe I read this morning in a newspaper a prove of the House bill. I think the Honse bill a mistake in provid speech made by perhaps the ablest democrat in the State, a campaign ing for some of the improyement..s to which I have referred. The speech, in which he denounced the republican party for 1ts attempt to House made a mistake in the amount of the appropriations, which I resume specie payments a.~ a great crime against civilization; de do not believe nnder existing circumstances ought to have exceeded nounced its efforts to bring about the resumption of specie payments two and a half millions or three millions of dollars. Bnt, sir, that as ijle most undemocratic measure it has adopted in the life-time of bill is not liable to the criticism of the Senator from Illinois and the the party. Senator from Indiana, because as it came from the House to the Sen Mr. SAULSBURY. .And I think the criticism was perfectly right. ate it was a reduction of expenditures; it provided for a less appro I think that orator, be he who he may, knew full well that the Sen priation than the bill of last year of something near a million dollars; ator from Ohio and his party when they passed the bill declaring and to that extent it waa in the line of economy. I am only sorry that they would resume in 1879 knew at the time that they would that it did not go to a greater extent. I know how difficult it is for not be able to do it. He knew that it was thrown out as "a tub to the committees of either House of Congr688 to confine appropriations the whale;" that there was no sincerity .in his party when they de within proper and legitimate limits; I know the importnnities that clared that they intended to resume spe01e payments; he knew they are made to the committees by members representing the various States were impotent to do it; he knew that they ha-d accumulated a large of t.his Union for appropriations for their States. The work is not an public debt which required all the gold that could be obtained in the easy one for the Committee on .Appropriations or the Committee on country to pay the interest on that debt, and he knew full well that Commerce having charge of the bill to resist the importunities of Sen that was not an honest declaration on the part of the republicans, ators and Representatives to do something for the interests of their but was a bridging over a scheme of a republican Congress to pre . States. The bill, however, as it came from the House appropriated vent a disruption on the currency question. Hence when that gen less money by near ~ lJlillion dolln.rs than the bill as it now stands, tleman denounced their bill in favor of resumption, he did it because and was a better bill than it is at present, but we ought, in my opin he knew that it wa-s not the honest purpose of the party to resume ion not to hesitate to refer this bill back to the committee that it may and that they were wholly impot.ent for it. Now, sir, the democratic be properly revised. party do me:1.n to resume; but they do not mean to disrupt the busi Mr. President, this is about all that I intended to say on·this sub ness of this country; they do not mean by a violent shock to the busi ject; but I have a word or two in reply to the interrogatory submit ness interests of the country to bring it back in a day, and undo in ted to me by the Senator from Inqiana. That Senator inquires what a day all the evil which the republican party has done in fifteen good the democratic party has done. Why, sir, I need not answer years. But we pledge the country and we pledge the Senator from the question. The history of this country discloses what the demo Ohio that when we come into power we will take measures looking cratic party has done. The fathers of that party took hold of your to resStmption at the proper time by the proper means, and will give Government in its very infancy; and their first act was to wipe from assurance to the conn try that at no very distant day, and just as soon as the statute-books of this country the alien and sedition laws that had we can undo the evils which have been done by the republican party, disgraced your legislation. They took hold of your country when it the currency shall be restored to a sound basis. was only thirteen ,small colonie~ and added the vast domain of the Now, Mr. President, I have stated some of the things which the West to your territory. It reached forth its hand and took in "the democratic party has done, and I will tell the Senator from Indiana lone star" of my friend from Texas. It extended its jurisdiction and some other things which it has done. It has not been in power for brought into your country the Californias, with all their rich mines the last fifteen years until fortunately it obtained the control of the of gold and silver. It extended yonr area from a small strip of conn House of Representatives at the present session of Congress, but the try on the Atlantic seaboard and has given a sea-coast of one thou democratic party has been in existence in all that time. We have sand miles upon the shores of the Pacific. Then, sir, the democratic been here and in the other House and in the States of this Union party took hold of your currency when it was at a discount, when it protesting against your violations of the Constitution and holding consisted of the notes of wild-cat banks and of a national bank, and up that instrument before you and a-sking you to have respect for it. when that national bank was attempting to measure arms with the We have at la.st by awa.kening public opinion compelled you to pay Government of the country it took hold of that institution and ex some respect to that Constitution which for years you seemed to dis posed its rottenness and corruption, and it gave yon a democratic regard and trample in the dust. I have read somewhere of the man currency of gold and silver. Comparatively few men in the country who when his friend fell upon the battle-field bent over his body and had ever seen a piece of gold coin until the democratic party of the defended it from the indignities of the foe. It reminds me of the country came into power and gave you, under the lead of Jackson democratic party that during these past years when the Constitution and Benton, gold and silver and made your currency convertible of the country was stricken down stood over that Constitution and therein. It is too late for the Senator from Indiana to inquire now preserved it in some respeQt from the desecration of the men who were about what the democratic ~.q,rty has done. It paid off your national trampling it in the dust, until it has come forth again to have some debt during the administrat: )D of General Jackson; and I venture, at measure of respect on the other side of this Chamber. the suggestion of the Senator from Connecticut, to say that, if the na Now, sir, I repeat what I said to the Senator from Indiana when I tional debt that you have created shall ever be paid, it will be paid say that in the other House of Congr688, if I may refer to the other under the auspices of democratic policy. The country has come to House, investigations have been going on w~ich have exposed cor believe that the wasteful extravagance of the republican party, un ruptions, which have exposed loose and wasteful administration of less reversed, will render it impossible to pay any large proportiOn of the Government. The Senator asked me what had been loose or had the public debt of this country, and are looking to the democracy to been discovered to have been loose by any of those committees. I 3ave the country from the ruin which republicanism baa brought will answer that question. I say in reply to the inquiry what have upon it. the investigations shown to have been lost by the General Govern I know that during the administration of the Senator from Ma..ssa ment, that the investigations show that men of influence in this Ad chusetts in the Treasury Department there was· some reduction of the ministration have been speculating upon their influence, upon Navy public debt, but how f You had enormous taxation upon the coun contracts, upon .Army contracts, upon contracts for supplies to the try; you drained the people of their resources; you were impover ·Indians, and the Government has had to pay increased prices which ishing the country and placing its resources in the public Treasury; have been charged in the contract. One firm-I do not wish to men and then a very unwise policy-[ speak it with all dne deference to tion names-acknowledges that in reference to Navy contracts they ~he ~enator-was instituted of taking the surplus revenue and apply have made $300,000. Sir, you will find out when the reports of these rug 1t so as to enhance the value of the bonds of the Government in committees come in what they reveal. I shall not anticipate them. I the hands of the foreign holders, which should have been applied to mention that single instance in response to the inquiry of the Sen re?eeming the promise of the Government to pay its greenbacks in ator from Indiana. com. Sir, I repeat again that there never was in the history of this coun Sir, your republican party haa been wholly inefficient and incom try, I had almost said in the history of any civilized country on the petent to manage the interests of this country. Here stands to-day face of the earth, a looser-and I use a mild term when I say your greenback at a discount, notwithstanding yonr solemn promise "looser"-administration of public affairs than has existed in the m 18G9 that it should be redeemed in coin. Oft.en have I beard the last eight years, and the people of the country are waking up to the chairman of the Finance Committee hold np that resolution to his fact. The people have felt the oppresl'lion and are demanding relief. . brother-Senators on the republican side and call upon them to redeem You may oppr~sa the American people to a certain extent, but wheu. •
4694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18,
their burdens become too oppressive and grievous they will cry out. Let me tell my friend when our Nehemiah comes in on the 4th of Mr. EllERMAN. Will my friend allow me f I really do wish now March, and the flemocrats have the power in the House and in the that he would reply in specific terms to the question of the honorable Senate, we intend to call upon plunderers everywhere to disgor~e Senator fi·om Indiana. If there is any corruption in the country let their ill-gotten gains, and to place them back in the Treasury, or m us know what it is, who committed it; give us the facts and circum the conscience fnnd, if you please. stances, and I will ex~tmine for myself to find out who are guilty and Mr. WINDOM. If I do not trouble my friend from Delaware- who are responsible. If some Army or Navy contractor has che:tted Mr. SAULSBURY. Not at all. the Government to the amount of $300,000, I should; like to know who Mr. WINDOM. I should like to ask him whether I am to find the he is, and I should like to know with whom he combined; and if there names of those thieves disclosed by these investigating committees is any wrong I willjointheSenatoranddiscloseitandexposeit. Let anywhere else than in the book of Nehemiah 1 If so, please infonn him give us the parti~ulanJ. · me in what report and ~ive the names. Mr. SAULSBURY. The Senator is not a novice in the h:iRtory of Mr. SAULSBURY. He wi11 find in the reporta of the committees thjs country; he is not a novice in the history of his own party; and that I referred to. He will find that Navy contracts have been given l utter what I have no doubt is true when I express the belief that out, if not corruptly yet. under a loose administration, whereby the he himself as chaiJ:man of theFinauce Commitee has protested against Government has been robbed, and he will find that vessel-knees which some of the doings of his party privately in the ears of men of au cost in my own State only $9 to the contractor were taken to New thority. It is not for me t.o point out all the individual robberies thn.t York a.nd Philadelphia and paid for by the Government at twenty have taken place. Why, sir, I could point to numerous cases. Does seven or eight dollars per knee. He will :find that men have sold their he remember the Paymaster Hodge ' That was a defalcation, they influence to obtain contracts. say; but why were the men placed in power that :were suff<3red to ~Ir. WINDOM. Will the honorable Senator now give us the name f default and rob the Government f Why were the whisky men, McKee Evidently he is gettin(J' very close to something. and others, suffered to run the whisky business in Saint Louis f Mr. SAULSBURY. '1: refer him to the House record, to the reports Mr. WINDOM. Will the Senator allow me to ask him a question f of the committees. I am not here to deal in personalities. I speak Mr. SAULSBURY. I n.m speaking t.o the Senator from Ohio. Let of your pa.rty. I eschew that vulgar partisanship which attempts to me get through with him. deal with private individuals; but I deal with your party. I say 1\Ir. SHERMAN. We have got the case of Major Hodge and the that from the crown of its head to the sole of its foot, judging by its case of McKee. I want to know what othe1· cases there are of gross acts during the last eight years, it is nothing but bruises and pntri fraud and corruption in which the republican party h.as been impli fying sores. cated, and I really desire to have the fullest infonnation. The gen Mr. WINDOM. That is very general. Cannot the Senator descend tleman b~ hafl the benefit of about fifty-five investigating commit to particulars a little more than thatf tees. Now let us have the names and details, the nature of the case, Mr. SAULSBURY. I do not choose to answer the Senator's ques exactly the extent of our offending, and I think when the matter is tions. I refer him again to the reports of the committees, wherein examined into a maJority of them will be fonnd to be on the other be will :find revealed the loose n.dministration of public affairs and side. the corruptions that are cropping out in every department of this Mr. SAULSBURY. Mr. President, I am not to be diverted from my Government. Was there no corruption, I will ask my friend, in the own line of thought by the ingenuity of the Senator from Ohio or squandering of $3,000,000 by the Department of Justice in employing the Senator from Minnesota, who desires to be heard upon this ques agents, deputy marshals, and marshals to go down through Alabama, tion. thr:ough Mississippi, through all the Southern States to intimidate Mr. WINDOM. Will not the Senator allow me to make-- the people, spending the public money for political purposes to deter Mr. SAULSBURY. But a few days ago when I was in Saint Louis men from going to the election and voting the democratic tickot f a gentleman kindly invited me to take a ride with him after the la Why, sir, when the facts of your 'administration become fully re bors of that memorable convention were over which gave hope and vealed the people of this country will be astonished and indignant. promise to this conn try. I took the ride, and among the other points Mr. WINDOM. What I desire is to be astonished now, if the Sen of the city he said, "I want to show you our jail." I went there and ator will only reveal what those frauds discovered are. I saw by accident these men, McKee and others. While the sympa Mr. SAULSBURY. Well, there some who are so blind that they thies of my nature always preponderate even for the criJninal in the will not see.· If my honomble friend will only look into the history dock, and I have never seen one sentenced to the punishment of death of his own party; if in fact he would divulge what he hiJnself but what I felt commiseration for the nnfortunate criminal, yet I knows, he would not only a.'!tonish me but he would astonish the felt not the pang of regret that these public plnnderers who had rob whole country, for I have no doubt that my good honest friend has bed the Government of its revenue had been ferreted out by .an hon been inquiring into these wrongs and has tried in his way to help est Secretary of the Treasury and prosecuted until they fonnd their correct them. lodgement in the jail at Saint Louis; n,nd now I want to ask my friend Mr. WINDOM. Mr. President-- from Ohio why-- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator yield further f Mr. WINDOM rose. Mr. SAULSBURY. No, sir. · The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Delaware The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Delaware declines yield Y to yield. The Senator from Delaware will proceed. Mr. SAULSBURY. Not at present; I will be courteous to my Mr. SAULSBURY. Mr. President, I did not intend to be betrayed friend. into this line of remark. I do not think I should have uttered a word Mr. WINDOM. I thought the Senator from Delaware was through political in its character except for the interrogatory specially ad with the Senator from Ohio, and might allow me to put a question. dressed to me by the Senator from Indiana. He never rises in his Mr. SAULSBURY. I ask why Mr. Dyer, why Secretary Bristow, place but what he attacks the democratic party; and we are com why Mr. Henderson, why Postmaster-General Jewell have been sum pelled always. when we say anything in defense of the democratic marily dismissed f Ah, do not tell, gentleme·n, for you would be re party or retn.liate at all on the republican party to refer to the Sena vealing party secrets. My friend [Senator EATON] reminds me of my tor from Indiana. It might be supposed, if we did not know better, venerable friend Pratt, who I believe to be a perfectly honest man. that he was the only man in the republican party, because be never In the Internal Revenue Bureau my friend Pratt is no more. He ha.a suffers any Senator to make a speech on this side of the Chamber gone the way of the Secretary of the Treasury, of the Postmaster-Gen which he thinks is doing damage to the republican party but what eral, of Henderson, and of Dyer, and I do not call upon my friends to he deems it his mission to rise and correct the statements and, if he tell the reason why, for it might be revealing state secrE'ts. can, to furnish the antidote ; and hence none of us can mn.ke a speech Mr. WINDOM. Has not my time arrived when I can get a ques- on this side of the Chamber but we are compelled to reply to the Sena tion to the Senator ! · tor from Indiana. I should be very glad to hear from other gentlemen. Mr. SAULSBURY. I will yield to my friend from Minnesota now. There are men of great ability on the other side of the Chamber, men Mr. WINDOM. My purpose in rising a moment ago was to appeal whom I should be glad to hear from occasionally; but the whole mo to my friend from Delaware not to permit his courtesy to those whom nopoly of party management on this floor on the republican side seems he callen thieves to prevent his giving us the names of those exposed to be taken by the Senator from Indiana except as it is contested occa by the House of Representatives. We hear a great deal of "this sionally by my worthy friend the Senator from Illinois. corruption" in general terms. We have heard a great deal to-day. I now yield the floor, :1pologizing to the Senate for the time I have Now I heg my friend that he will not allow his regard for thieves, as taken and for the line of remark in which I have been compelled to he calls them, to prevent our having their names. indulge in reply to questions directed to me personally by the Sena Mr. SAULSBURY. My honorable friend will have acceBS to the tor from Indiana. reports, and I commend them to him as good reading for every Mr. MERRIMON. Mr. President, I wish that the Senator from In day in the week except the Sabbath, and on the Sabbath day I diana in his animadversion upon what I submitted to the Senate this would ask him to read some of the chapters of Nehemiah, where he morning had gone into the facts and made arguments tO disprove will find a perfect illustration of the oppressions which this republi the points which I made. I regret exeeedingly that he saw fit to can party has brought upon the country. He will find there that pursue a line of argument which seems to be common witl1 him on when Nehemiah went up to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem, after he all occa-sions. He makes an ad lwminent argument. He says I lived bad become reinstated, the people cried out and complained to him in one of the Southe.rn States during the war, and that I participated of the oppression which their rulers had placed around them, and he jn and was committeu to that war and am responsible in some mea-s palled the rulers before him and compelled them to disgorge and de ure for all its errors, and then he goes on in a long speech declaiming liver ba.c~ th.e JDOrtgaged prQperty to those who had been oppressed. against the war and ita desolations and crimes and the causes that 1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4695 gave rise to it, &c. I submit to the Senate and country that that is of northern people have for southern people. I shall not make any not the way to answer argument. He seems to know and feel that such false pretensions as to say that I love and admire any portion it puts gentlemen in my position at a disadvantage when he can cite of the northern people because they happened to kill some of my peo the war on us. If he had been where I was, I suspect his record would ple or helped to desolate my country. That would be unnatural have been very different from what it is. I deplored the war; I did and false. If I hear a southern man say that he does, I hear hirn say all that I could to avert it; and when it came, against my judgment what is unnatural and false. I do not believe him. If I hear a. and against my wishes, I went with my State, my people, and kin northern man make such professions, I hear him say what is unnatural dred. I did all tha.t I could to mitig3.te its horrors. I aided in main and false, and I do not believe him. But it is perfectly natural abd taining law and order till the people made the grand struggle which proper for men who have been enemies to have profound respect for resulted so disastrously. Since the war I have done all in my feeble each other. So it is between the northern soldiery and the southern power to restore the Union, to restore good-will and feeling between soldiery. So it is between the patriotic southern mn.n and the patr-i the people of the North and the people of the South. I desire to see otic northern man. Patriotic men at the North and patriotic women the Union restored, not in name, but in spirit. I have no war to at the North have respect for patriotic men and women at the South, ma.ke upon the northern people. I regret that there are any north and so patriotie men and women at the South have all proper respect ern gentlemen who are unfriendly to the southern people. I wish for the northern people. They can live together as one people, they that the spirit of antipathy, dislike, and hate could be blotted out can restore the Union; they can restore its cordiality, they can re forever, and that we could see nothing but a national spirit every store its integrity, they can restore its prosperity; and out of the where as cordial as it wa-s at any period since the beginning of the desolations and sorrows of the p88t they may yet draw a measure of Government. comfort, and together they may increase the power and glory of our I have an interest in the Union. My ancestors helped to establish common cotmtry to a degree that no one haa yet ever dreamed of. I it by their blood and such treasure as they had. I am attached to the trust in God that that day is not very distant. Union. I expect to stand by it, to live in it, and to die in it. I hope Therefore I say it is ungenerous and unjust, it so seems to me, and to live to see a I'IOrdial state of feeling prevail from the lakes on the I do not mean to be offensive, on the part of the Senator from Indi north to the Gulf on the south, and from the Atlantic coast to the ana, whenever he engages in a debate with some Senator from the Pacific, when we shall be one people in name and one people in spirit. South, to brandish the war at him forthwith as though that proved No good comes of talking and declaiming about the dead past. Why anything. I admit that there was crime during the war. Who ever should the Senator want always to array the northern people against expecied a civil war without crime, crime on one side and crime on the southern people, and why should any unpatriotic southern man the other side, crime that good men deplored and condemned f I want to array the southern people against the northern people f I know crimes were committed in the South at which I stood horrified can see no just or patriotic reason for such a course of a.ction here or and shuddered. I have no doubt that Senators on the other side elsewhere. I have no gushing professions of admiration or love t{) know of· crimes perpetrated on the sid~ of the North at which they make. We know that we have passed through a terrible civil war stood horrified and shuddered. Are the good people of this land in one that produced tragic and awful results. I wish they could be the North or in the South to be responsible for that! They deplore forgotten, but now that the war is over-- it, I deplore it, and every good ma.n deplores it; but let the dead pa-st Mr. HARVEY. Will the Senator from North Carolina permit me bury its dead. Let us forget the past as nearly as we can, only profit to ask him whether in his speech this morninJ:r he did not arraign ing by the sorrows and desolations that happened to us. Let us go the republican party for preserving the country by force f forward to restore the Union, to make the most we can out of our Mr. MERRIMON. I did not do any such thing. lost fortunes. Let the patriotic northern men come and help us to Mr. HARVEY. I think the RECORD will show it. revive our impaired and ruined fortunes in the South and help to Mr. MERRIMON. There is the REcoRD. There it will stand. I build us up. I believe that is the true policy. When that policy say the republican party could have a.ccomplished all it did inside of comes to prevail, a-a I trust it will before a great while, you will find the Constitution. They might have maintained the Union, they men of little souls who have managed by one means or another to might have sustained and vindicated the Uuion through the Ameri get into place go out of place and go out of the sight of a patriotic can people, under the Constitution, and by a different line of policy people to be heard of no more. and action, and they might have restored the South to the Union The honorable Senator was plea.sed to allude to the manner of my and the Union in a different and more satisfactory way to the whole election to the Senate as though that bore the weight of a feather country. upon the issue between him and me. I submit whether that was Mr. HARVEY. Will the Senator permit me to interrupt him ngain Y proper or a fair or gallant way to debate a question. I do not think so. Mr .. MERRIMON. 0 yes, sir. Mr. MORTON. The Senator spoke of it before I did. Mr. HARVEY. Do we understand the Senat-or to say that the use Mr. MERRIMON.. No, sir. of force for the preservation of the Union was unconstitutional t Mr. MORTON. 0, yes; the Senator spoke of it before I did in reply His argument is certainly subject to that interpretation. to a question of the Senator from lllinois, [Mr. LOGAN.] Mr. MERRIMON. I will not go into that argument. I think it is Mr. MERRIMON. Somebody mentioned it; I beg the Senator's par rather discourteous for a Senator, when he sees another pursuing a don. I cannot conceive that th~t changes my status here. We all particular line of argument, to undertake to divert him from it by know that we have a half dozen. excellent gentlemen on this floor, I questions which can scarcely be called pertinent. I want to see this believe mOit of them on the republican side, who were elected by Union restored. It belongs to me in part. As I said a moment ago, republican ~nd democratic votes. Are they on that account any less my ancestors helped to establiah it. I am here and I mean to stay republicans f Does anybody suppose that they compromised their here. I have no quarrel with the northerR people or with the north honor or principles by accepting an election by a combination of re ern soldiery who maintained the Union. I have no quarrel to make publican and democratic votesf Somo of the most illustrious men with them. I feel this day that I have an interest in the Army as who ever graced this Hall were elected by a combination of this kind. as much as the honorable Senator from Illinois [Mr. LOGAN] or the I might mention a dozen cases. I believe I may refer to the case of Senator from New York, [Mr. CoNKLING.] It is my Army, and I ex the late Mr. Sumner, who at one time was elected by a combination pect to maintain and defend it wherever it shall be necessary to do of democrats and free-soilers. True, indeed, I was elected by a combi so. I expect to maintain and defend the honor of this country, not nation of democrots and republicans; but I did not sell my conscience, only here, but on every place on the earth where I shall have occasion I did not sell my principles. The republicans had faith in me; they believed that I was the friend of this country, that I was tho friend to l~hiuk .it is unp,.,triotic and.wrong to be forever waving the war, of the Union, and that I would st.and by it and see justice done them with it.s tragic events, its sorrows and desolatio:as, in the face of and justice done the country; and so I will. No republican in my southern men who hay-e come here in pursuance of the action of the State has ever been dealt with in his rights here as a constituent of republican party itself. I think it is ungenerous in any Senator or mine otherwise than as a democrat since I have occupied a place in any one to want to see southern gentlemen come here and fall down this Chamber. I have not known party at all in the discharge of my and worship a party instead of honoring and defending their coun duty to my constituents here. I am as free as any Senator on this try. I do not int-end to do that thing. While I am here I intend to floor. If I were not, I would scorn myself and abandon my place stand here having and exercising equal rights with any Senator on here and bide my head forever. No, sir; I am a freeniJ.n; I am a this floor, and when I cannot have and exerciSe them I will go out Senator in contemplation of law in every respect, and so I will be of the Senate. I say furthermore that if I and gentlemen situated until my term shall expire. like myself are not to be permitted to speak here freely, if we are not I repeat, that tha.t syst.em of argumentation is unfair and unjust. to be allowed to discU88 economic questions here, all questions of legis I wonder th:\t the honorable Senator pursues it for one moment; it lation, the sooner the majority turn us out and let the world know it certainly proves nothing. I expect to debate questions upon their the better. Let them do it, and see if the American people will indorse merits. If the points I made this morning are groundless, if the fig it. I do not believe the people of this country expect or desire such a ures I cited are false, show it and push me to the wall; but when yotL state of things. come to debate a question wit.h me do not do it by going off on a-sid_e I said a .moment ago that I had no gushing profesaions to make and pointless isaue. It you cannot meet it, say you cannot meet it with respect to the northern people and the northern soldiery. I and be done with it. So much upon that matter. I migP,t make al~ respect the whole people. I have high respect for them as a people. lusi.ons that would not be pleasant and would seem unfriendly. I I honor them for their courage, I honor them for their energy, I cannot afford to do so. I do not care to go into the- personal or even honor them for their perseverance, I honor them for all things that into the political record of Senators on this floor. 1 shall not do it. constitute a great and noble people. I have profound respect for I might allude to speeches made by the honorable Senator from In them. So have the southern people, and so, I believe, the great mass diana upon subjects and show that since that time he has changed . 4696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JtrLY 18, his ground, and all that; but suppose he did, what does that prove f What the Senator from Illinois means by injustice that I have done It does not prove anything. Suppose I was elected by the republi I do not know. cans, what does that prove 7 It proves nothing to this point. Sup Mr. LOGAN. I propose to make it perfectly clear if the Senator pose the war was horrible and I wa.s responsible for it, the whole will allow me. The report from which the Senator now reads is a South responsible for it, and the democratic party responsible for it, report of clillrges on the books against collectors, and they are charged how does that prove anything about this issue Y AB stated, it only in the report. the same as if they were defaulters, when in fact these proves that there is an evil, that there is misrule, that there ru:e c~r were mainly non-collectable taxes char~ed to the collector and the de rupt practices, that the people are plundered, tha.t the country IS~ falcation as charged is not true as agamst these men. ordered and universally -distressed, and that, whoever is respons1b~e 1\fr. SHER~N. And they have been settled. for it, it is the duty of every Senator here to endeavor to remove It Mr. LOGAN. And they have been s~ttled and the books show the and to bring to the attention of the public and the Senate such fact. It was not a defalcation for a single dollar. means as will retmlt in their cure. Mr. :MERRIMON. Now I will give the Senate the benefit of the The Senator bas with an air of triumph-! do not know that I com information I have. This is an official paper. It is a paper prepared plain of that-asked a great many questions t.hat seemed to divert under the order of a republican House of Representatives. myself and my honorable friend who has just preceded me from the 1\fr. SHERMAN. The paper itself shows that these are balances. points we were making, supposing that they could not be answered. Mr. MERRIMON. I want to state that it is a report made by Sec I submit that is not a proper way to debate this question. Other retary BouTWELL and Comptroller Tayler. Senators may think differently. I fh:ink we ought to have an oppor Mr. EDMUNDS. Will the Senator give the number of the Congress tunity to prepare the facts and to brmg them before the Senate m a and the date of the session 7 fair and proper shape and way. I hold myself ready to do that. upon Mr. :MERRIMON. Executive Document No. 140, Forty-first Con all occasions. Since I took my seat I have come across an official re gress, third session. At the head of the table are these words: port which I propose to submit to the Senate and which contains some Statement of balances due from collectors of internal revenue who were out of interesting facts by way of showing a vast sum of money that has office on the 30th day of June, 1870. been squandered in the internal-revenue system. I will answer the The communication from Secretary BouTWELL is dated February 18, question that the S~nator put to my honorable friend a w bile ago, and 1871, more than six months after the time these pa.rties went out of I will answer it as answered by a republican House of Representa office, before their accounts were settled or adjusted, so as to make tives. On the 13th day of December, 1870, on the motion of Mr. Win the books of the Internal Revenue Bureau show what they ought to chester, it waa resolved by the House of Representatives- have shown. That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby,
1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 4697
Mr. EDMUNDS. General Steedman, for one; a prominent instance. Mr. WINDOM. will the Senator allow me to ask him a question! Mr. SHERMAN. I do not think it right to go into names. :Mr. MERRIMON. I trust the Senator will not interrupt me; yet Mr. STEVENSON. I do not want to go into names, but I suppose I do not want to be discourteous. every man, whet~er a democrat or a republican, ought to pay his Mr. WINDOM. The Senator has occupied the:floornearly all day. debts. Will he not permit me to ask him a question f Mr. SHERMAN. The reason I ask to have the letter read is be Mr. MERRIMON. I will. cause the letter shows the facts of the reaJJ.y ascertained defalcations, Mr. WINDOM. The question put by the honorable Senator from no doubt to a large amount. Indiana waa as to what had been revealed by the investigating com Mr. DAVIS. One minute. I wish to call the attention of the Sen mittees this winter. The honorable Senator in answer to that digs ator from Ohio to a single point. · up an old report here made by a republican Congress, that has no Mr. SHERMAN. I ask the Senator to let the letter be read. earthly connection with the investigations of this winter. He may Mr. DAVIS. I prefer stating a fact, and that is the statement is of not be willing to yield to me again and as I have the :floor, before I .falcations by collectors who are out of office. It do~ not.give the sit down, I want to appeal to him, for I know his good nature, to whole amount. There is nothing about those who were in office at state if any frauds have been unearthed wherein the Government has · that time. That statement is only of such men as were out of office. lost any money by these investigating committees, and if so, tell us Mr. SHERMAN. Yes, because there was charged over to the new who it is and bow much the Government has lost. collector the whole amount. The report to which the Senator from Mr. MERRIMON. In the first place, as I said a moment ago, it is North Carolina referred contains simply 1mcollected balances due exceedingly unpleasant to go into detail in regard to individuals. I :b·om individual tax-payers, so that every man who failed to pay his do not like to be forced to make personal remarks about anybody, liquor licen::~e, or failed to pay his tobacco license, or failed to pay his even persons not in the Senate. It is not a pleasant duty to any well income tax, or any tax whatever, was assessed by the Internal Reve disposed person. But a complete answer to that question, and I think nue Office: it was charged over to the collector. my friend from Delaware answered it a while ago, is this: The reports Mr. DAVIS. Provided he was out of office. for the most part of the committees in the Honse which have been Mr. SHERMAN. Provided he was out of office. The great body engaged in investigating the frauds and corruptions that have been had gone out of office. practiced on the Government are not yet made and printed. What 1\Ir. DAWES. I aak the Senator from Ohio if it is not true that they will develop when they are made remains to be seen. I have these amounts charged to the collector who had gone out of office seen snatches of some of them that did develop villainies and rascal wt>.re also charged over, the same items, to his successor in office; that ities not only disgraceful to the republican party, but disgmceful to is, if the same sum is not charged to the man who has gone out and the American people. If I were disposed to state them now I cannot to the man who bas come in f remember the names, nor is it material for me to do so. It will as Mr. SHERMAN. It is repeated. I think the law is wrong. I helped tonish the American people when they learn that republican Senators to frame that law. I think the law unjust; but we went on the here deny that frauds of the grossest character for amounts that are ground that we would make the collector account fof every dollar re appalling have been practiced upon the Government. The press of turned by the asses::~or, and he must either produce the money or by the country, the public men of the country, gentlemen in the repub proper certificates show the Commissioner of Internal Revenue that lican party, republican Senators themselves, have spoken of it, and he could not collect the money, and until that certificat-e was fur have insisted upon reform; but this demon of corruption has such a nisbbd be was charged with the whole· amount, although it may have hold upon this organization that they cannot throw it off, and there been shown that be never received any portion of the money charged will be no reform until there is a change of parties in the adminis on the books to him. I now ask that the letter be read. tration of the Government. A republican President, however well The PRESIDENT p1·o tempore. The Secretary will read the letter. disposed, cannot break tbe·hold of bad, designing men upon there The Chief Clerk reau as follows: publican party and republican office-holders. They will not loose their TREASURY DEPARTMENT, OFFICE OF L'ITERNAL REVENUE, hold. . Wa~hington, D. 0., March 18, 1876. Mr. WINDOM. I want to ask the Senator whether it is merely a, Sm: In compliance with your request, I have the honor to submit herewith the Ja.ck of memory which renders him unable to mention a single name following stawment taken from the books and records of this Office: of a person who has been proved guilty of defaulting the Govern 'l'he tutal of internal revenue tax returned bv the varions collectors of internal ment by this winter's investigation, or whether it is due totbecourtesy revenue during 1 he period fr·om September 1, '186'l, to March 31, 1865, being from the organization of the internal s~stem to the close of the month preceeding the of the honomble Senator toward those he designates as thieves f end of Mr. Lincoln's administration, is 283.111,131; the ascertained "cash defi Mr. MERRIMON. I want to say to my h norable friend that if I ciencie.'i " of collectors appointed during that 11eriod are $4 L4,5G8.10, or about 13-100 knew the name of one as charged by a committee of the House I of 1 per cent. of the amount collected. In the period from April1, 1865, to Feb would not tell the Senate now; but there have been frauds developed. ruary 28, 186i, bein~ the period in even months covered by Mr. Johnson's admin istration, the collections were $817,068, :!05; a.soortained cash deficiencies of collectors I know that to be the fact. I have read them iu reports made in the appointed in tbat period, f1,626 . ~02 . 52, or about 2-10 of 1 per cent. of the amount House. Besides I have not the reports before me now. I would not coll•·cted. In the period from March 1, 1869, to February 28, 1876, being from the state them from memory. I would not do anybody injustice. It does be!!inning of the present administration to the close of tlie last month, the collec tions are $854,808,237; ascerta.inecl cash deficiencies of collectors appointed in this seem to me the Senator )las a poor way of getting a question an period, $592.751 86, or abont 69-1000 of 1 per cent. of the amoont collected. swered by asking a question of a Senator who has the floor which he As the balances for the last period mentioned are of comparatively recent occur knows cannot be answered at the moment. because of the want of the r ence and are now in process of collection, it is believed that a lar.~~ proportion of very reports he ought to have in order to answer properly. it will ultimately be recovered, so that the actual ultimate loss will be very much less than herein shown. Mr. WINDOM. I want to ask the Senator if he considers it a proper Respectfully, thing to do, when unable to remember or unable to give the name of D. D. PRATT, Commissioner. a single individual who has been guilty, or as toonesingledollartbat Hon. J. S. MORRILL, haa been lost, to make a charge of universal corruption npon the United States Senate. whole party f Is that quite t.be thing to do f Mr. SHERMAN. All I want to show is the total amount of defal Mr. MERRIMON. It is, where I know the general fact to be true. cations aml los es of the internal revenue from the beginning of the I know the general fact to be true. When you come to specify partic service to that date is 2,632,000, from the first organization of the ular items, I may not be able to state them, but I can state the general internal-revenue service down to date. fact. Mr. EDMUNDS. What percentage is that on the amount. collected f Mr. WINDOM. I am asking the Senator how he knows the general Mr. SHERMAN. It is very small. The amount is given in the fact to be true when he cannot state a single item constituting that letter. general fact f Mr. DAVIS. It will be noticed that the Commissioner says " ascer Mr. MERRIMON. In my speech this morning I showed, and I chal tained" all the way through. He does not say that is the balance lenge any Senator to deny them, taking the figures from the record, of the taxes. It is the ascertained balance. that over a billion dollars that ought to have gone to the public 'freas Mr. EDMUNDS. That is the way everybody's character stands. ury did not go there. It is good until it is ascertained that he has stolen something. It Mr. WINDOM. I ask the Senator to stick to his text. He bas told us ought to be so here. what a wonderfully good thing the democratic House has accomplished Mr. MERRIMON. I do not care, Mr. President, after what baa this winter, and I am on a little line of inquiry iu order to ascertain been said, to have this document read as a part of my remarks. I what it is. He appeals again to some old rerort of a republican in will scrutinize it a little more, for I am sure I would not do any vestigating committee with regard to the internal revenue, but wholly human being injustice. evades the question as to what these investjgations have done. I a.;; k Mr. LOGAN. It did a great df'al of injustice when it was pub the honorable Senator if it is not a fact that after, I think, there have lished to as good men as there are in this country. been twenty or thirty investigatin~ committees at work, after they Mr. MERRIMON. It is strange to me, however, that such a docu have ransacked penitentiaries and lunatic asylums, when the whole ment should be published under the sanction of the House of Repre power of this Government has been behind them, thew hole Treasury sentatives, and by a republican House, when the republican party of the Government at their command, and with all the enmity, the was to suffer such detriment by it. I may have occasion to refer to vengeful feeling, they had against the republican party, with theso this subject again. I willscrntinize the document. investigations going on for seven months, my friend is unable to point I wish to make another remark and I do not want to detain the to a single dollar lost by this Government or a single man who baa Senate very long. It is perfectly idle for republican Senators on this been convicted of stealing from it f floor to deny the fact that there have been immense losse::~ in tlle in Mr. MERRIMON. I am not only able to point to a single dolla:·, ternal-revenue service of this country; not a million only but millions. but I can point to millions. 4698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JlJLY 18 ..
Mr. WINDOM. Let us h:1ve it. heard; but aa long as these terrible events continue we must be ex Mr. MERRIMON. I can point to millions in genera.! terms, but I pected to raise our voices against t.hem. cannot specify items now because of the absence of the reports. It is Mr. MERRIMON. I wish to say just one word. I deny absolutely amazing that the Senator should make such a statement a~ he does that I provoked this debate. The Senator well knows, as the Senate in view of the facts that stare him and the .American people in the well knows, that yesterday morning he opened this debate with a face on every hand. Look at the whisky rings at Saint Louis, at most violent assault upon the democratic party and upon the House Chicago, Indianapolis, and elsewhere. of Representatives. I had not intended to say one word on political Mr. WINDOM. Will the Senator allow again for a moment- subjects until he did it. I thought be did injustice to the House and Mr. MERRIMON. No, sir; I will not yield to my friend again. I to the democratic party, and I resolved in the course of the evening think the debate now is not profitable to either side. It is mere des to say what I said this morning. I regret that I could not say it in a ultory colloquy. more orderly w!ty, not having had ample time to prepare myself. Sir, if Mr. WINDOM. That has been my impression for some time. these figures hurt, it is not my :f..1.ult. .And w bile Senators have laughed Mr. MERRIMON. I do not think it is, because neither of us is somewhat to-day, there will be occasion to weep before the campaign dealing in facts. [Laughter on the republican side.] which has j nst opened is closed. The facts and records will be brongh t Mr. WINDOM. I am very happy to hear the Senator sa.y that. I to the public attention that in my judgment will sec~ue a verdict of do not make that confession for myself. condemnation of the republican party at the ballot-box in November Mr.l\IERRIMON. I see nothing to lan~h at. It is well that you next. can see something to laugh at. I see nothing that is amusing. I say I repeat, sir, this debate was not begun or provoked by me. I had when we come to talk about the various items of fraud and corrup not intended to take part in it until I heard what fell from the tion that have been developed by the House of Representatives-! Senator from Indiana yesterday. I did not mean to be offensive to have not the data here; I have not the reports of the committees of him at all by saying that he had defamed the democratic party. I the Honse, nor has the Senator, upon which to predicate his question used that word in a general sen e, and I am sure, if I understand what and thereforo it is improper for me to make an answer. Does that defamation is, he did defame that party in strong and not very select afford any reasonable ground for laughter f If the Senators on that terms. Of course I did not mean any personal allusion to him or side can take any benefit from that, let them have it. If they can anybody else. laugh at as small things as that, they will have serious things to cry Mr. SHERMAN. When I entered the Senate Chamber this morn about before they are done with this subject. ing I had not the slightest expectation of participatin~ in any politi I repeat what I said a moment ago! that it is amazing, and it will cal debate; indeed I regretted that a political debate nad sprung up be amazing to the .American people, to know that Senators on this on this river and harbor bill; but I must confess, when I listened for floor seriously-do they do it seriouslyf-want the people to under a while to thE.\ Senator from North Carolina and heard the great re stand from them that the republican party as an organization is ab publican party, to which I have the honor to belong, arraigned as a solutely honest, that it never W3.sted any money, and nobody ever pack of thieves, with the most opprobrious langua, ~e, with arguments under its wing and protection perpetrated frauds upon the Govern far-fetched, exaggerated, out of place, I could not nelp but feel some ment. Senators are surely laughing a.nd trifling in making such wha.t the old .fire rising in me, I could not help feeling some indigna attempt. tion that he should be willing to classify more than one-half of all Mr. MORTON. I beg the Senator from North Carolina to under the people of the United States as being guilty of offenses and crimes stand that I have no personaJ feeling whatever in regard to any which would disgrace the penitentiary of any Stat.e. The Senator member of this body, certainly not in regard to himself; but my probably was not aware how broad and sweepin~ these char~es made friend must remember that he provoked by his speech this morning by him of corruption were or he certainly wonla not have mdulged everything that I said. He began by saying that I ha.d defamed the in them. Then, when you come to look at his argument, this was one democratic party. He then indulged in general and wholesale charges of them, and the principal one: that the tax on whisky was 2 a gal of corruption against the republican party. If what my friend has lon, and somebody had said, I do not know who, that 100,000,000 gal said is true it is the most corrupt party this country has ever seen; lons of whisky were made in a year. corrupt from top to bottom and thoroughly rotten. He went on to Mr. MERRIMON. Mr. Fessenden said so in 1864. read long tables of figures to show the va.st increase of expenditures, Mr. SHERMAN. I remember the remark ma.de by Mr. Fessenden. going back and bringing it along during the wa.r up to the present He was one of twenty million republicans who made an error. There time to show that the republican party had squandered the public never have been 100,000,000 gallons of whisky made since the tax wa~ mone;y and was responsible ·fnr great waste. It was proper and it imposed. It was estimated in 1860 that there were 100,000,000 gal was nght that I should say in reply to tha.t that those increased ex lons made, by the census returns, at a. time when whisky was worth penditures, this heavy taxation and this great debt were the result fourteen or fifteen cents a gallon; but then it was consumed in burn of the rebellion, and that the men who made the rebellion were re ing fluid and in a thousand ways that it cannot be consumed now; sponsible for it, and not the men who put down the rebellion; that but since the tax has been l~vied on it it has never reached anything although the republican party had to make this debt, had to collect like that proportion. Mr. Fessenden simply said that prior to 1860 these taxes, had to make these expenditures, yet it was not to blame it was Mtimated that the whisky produced in this country was 100,- for it, but the men who maae the war were to blame for it. If my 000,000 gallons; and upon this fact, detached, separated, the Senator friend did not want me to ijpeak of these t.hings he ought not to have says that the republican party ought to havo collected from the peo referred to the subject. When the republican party is overwhelmed ple of the United States $200,000,000 a year. with the charge of extravagance and vast expenditures, it is com In the .first place, no one was foolish enough in the beginning of our petent for its members in self-defense to tell the ca.use. So far as internal-revenue taxation to propose a tax of $2. It was a foolish the charge of corruption is concerned, of extraordinary corruption, venture. We put on a smaller tax, commencing with twenty cents, of corruption beyond that of the democratic party, I deny it in toto. and we collected more revenue then than with the two dollars' tax. I say it comes far short of that which has characterized a.nd distin We gradually raised it until1866. It was demanded by public senti guished democratic administrations in the past. ment that we should do what we did in 1866. We then raised the My friend says I referred to the war. Is not the war constantly tax to $2 a gallon, and that tax remained three or four years. Dur forced upon us f Is not the war the cause of all this objection f .Are ing all the time from 1861 to 1865 the honorable Senator by his logic we not to-day dealing with the results of the wart Certainly we · charges the republican with losing this Government $200,000,000 a are. We want peace. Nobody wants it more than we do. I am sure year, less the amount of tax we actually collected; and that is the the republican party desire it quite as much as the other party do; I kind of argument on which he goes to the people to show that the am afraid very much more, and why T There are slaughters going republican party was corrupt I on in the South from time to time. Need I mention the Mechanics' It so happened that when this two-dollar tax was levied the dem Institute in New Orleans, Vicksburgh, Coushatta, Red River, Colfax, ocratic party bad control of the executive authority of the Govern Clinton, and Hamburgh within a few days ago, where the blood is ment; it bad the President. It is true we elected Mr. Johnson; we scarcely cold f With these things happening from time to time, be made a mistake in doing it and we never ceased to regret our mist.ake. cause we raise our voice in objection to them, and say that we ought Mr. Johnson turned over the whole executive power of the Govern to protect those people, a.nd that they ought not to be murdered, we ment to the democratic party, and the Senator has presented a numer are charged with reviving the issues of the war, with calling back ous list, which contains hundreds of names of men on this list who the memories of ·the war! It does not lie in the mouth of the demo were defaulters, but I would not read them lest some of them might cratic party to make charges against us on this subject. not have been, but there are on it the names of men appointed by We are just on the eve of a great campaign. I speak what is in Mr. Johnson who are now active leaders in the democratic party, be the mouth of everybody when I say that democratic success in that cause most of those who went over with Johnson went into the dem campaign depends upon carrying Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, ocratic party. During that time when there was a two-dollar tax we North Corolina, and South Carlina, States which are largely republi are charged with wasting aml squandering $200,000,000 a year col· can, having an aggregate republican majority of nearly 100,000. Their Jected from the whisky tax, or which ought to have been collected! chances of success depend upon overcoming that majority, and how f Why, sir, under the administration of .Andrew Johnson the tax col .As it was done in Mississippi last year, as it has been done in Louisiana; lections on whisky went down to twelve millions in a single year. and the campaign has recently been opened in South Carolina by the The republican party, however, was charged with the responsibility events at Ham burgh within the last ten days. Give us peace, give us of the Government. Were we not anxious to collect this tax f Was a fair election, give us protection to men of all parties, to men of all it not our interest to collect the tax T Did we not pass laws as severe colors and races, and then we shall have quiet, and no more will be a.s the Draconian code f Did we not use every effort to collect this 1876. OONGRESSION AL RECORD-SENATE. 4699 tax f And yet under President Johnson we could not do it. . Whyf of the Navy Department then in terms stronger than can be used now Partly becau. e the political disJ>utes of the time made it difficult to and for the same class of contracts that have been investigated into collect internal taxes because of bad appointments or differences be recently. But I do not wish to go into that; "sufficient unto the day tween the Senate and the President as to appointments, but it was is the evil thereof." I do not believe that when the report is made mainly because the law was wrong. We ought never to have at and it comes to be discussed, any wron~ or fraud will rest upon the tempted in our broad country to put on a tax of $2 a gallon, and we head of that Department, and if there IS, the republicans :will be as made the discovery that we had made a mistake and in a short time swift to punish him as the Senator can be; but until then he is bound we repealed that law and then we commenced collecting the whisky as an honest and honorable man to consider him innocent. tax. After we reduced the tax down to fifty cents, I believe that the Mr. SAULSBURY. I have not said a word against the head of the whisky tax was as thoroughly and completely collected as any tax Navy Department; I have not referred to him. could be. The only difficulty in collecting the whisky tax after that Mr. SHERMAN. We ought not to deal in insinuations. I nat time was in the States of North Carolina, Tennessee, and other south urally leaped to the conclusion that there was some wrong or fraud ern sparsely populated States. In the great cities for several years to be disclm;ed by some committee of the Houso in regard to the when the tax ranged between fifty and sixty cents a gallon it was Navy Department, and necessarily its head. Now, sir, ought we to collected with great exactitude, great correctness; but there was a deal in such imputations f Are men's characters to be mooe a foot difficulty in collecting it in some of the southern and sparsely popu ball off If the House makes any alle~tion against any member of lated States ; there force had to be used to collect it; the Army had this Government, we are bound to try him, as judges, sworn tmder our to be employed more or less to a considerable extent, but all was col oath in the particular case, and we have no right to prejudge. The lected that could be collected. So it continued. only particular cases that my friend from Delaware gave us-he was Now, to make this loss of the whisky tax the substratum of this unfortunate there-were those of a defaulting paymaster of the Army grea-t effort it seems to me was not treating the Senate of the United of the United States and a. man convicted of whisky frauds. Pay States with that proper respect with which it is necessacyto be treat masters are ~enerally men selected in honor. The Sen:ttor gave his ed. If this was a popular argument to be tlBed in the compaign in name as MaJor Hodge. Well, Major Hodge was a defaulter; but he North Carolina, the Senator might have reserved it until he went was tried; convicted, and sent to the penitentiary for his defalcation. down t.here to make a speech to that people, where documents could I understoqd he was a democrat always. I knew his father before him. not be produced at once to correct him; but made here in the Senate He was in the re~ular Army. Would you hold the republican party Chamber he must have expected that it would excite indignation, responsible for hiS defalcation because he gambled away the public reply, remark, and exposure if it was not correctly and well founded. money, lost it, and squandered it f I hear a Senator say we ought to That is all the feeling I bad about it; but if there was a little beat have kno'wn it. Are we omniscientf Is the democratic party om ! am sorry I bad it-it was but natural when the Senator was ar niscient f 0, no. The very moment his offense was detected he was raigning us as a set of scoundrels and rascals corrupting the whole punished and sent to the penitentiary. I know it is claimed that he ' party-- was .pardoned. I hear it said, " Grant pardoned him." So he did, on Mr. MERRIMON. I beg the Senator's pardon. the demand of numberless democrats high in official position. If he Mr. SHERMAN. The language was most broad that the repub did wrong, he did the wrong of being merciful to a man who had lican party waa the most corrupt tbat had ever existed. violated his public duty. Mr. MERRIMON .• I said expressly in the commencement of my Mr. LOGAN. He pardoned the Ku-Klux, too, on the same kind of speech that there were in the republican party, as in every other party, recommendations. good men. Mr. SHERMAN. It is not on such premises as that that a great Mr. SHERMAN. But they must be'' few and far between," accord party like the republican party is to be tried and convicted. And ing to the Senator's general declam!l.t ion. We are sensible men here, you say there were McDonald and McKee-my honorable friend saw and we know very well that the great mnss of all political parties of them within the bars of the State prison. Who put them there t our countrymen are honest, desire to do their duty to their cmmtry, What democrat shared in that work f Not a democrat. They were to their families, to their God, to themselves; and therefore this broad put there by republica.ns; and when did a democratic administration declamation against parties ought not to be indulged in. We have a pu~ a democrat behind the bars of the penitentiary for official mis right, however, to arraign the official conduct of parties, but in doing conduct f Tell me the case, when, where, and under what adminis so should give particulars; and therefore when the Senator was thus tration. But unfortunately they say Dyer, Pratt, and others have declaiming I asked him, if the republican party was so bad, what bad been removed; and we are brought in and arraigned, not for offenses the democratic party done for the last forty years that would induce charged against the republican party, but because in our a-dministra him to go for it or that would command his respect. My friend from tion the Secretary of the Treasury resigns, the Commissioner of In Indiana sprea-d that question a Httle further, and wanted to know ternal Revenue resigns, or disputes, coldness, or disagreement arise what good measure the democratic party had ever adopted. It is a in the administration of the Government, and we are at once charged, remarkable fact, Mr. President, and I may as well put in here as this because these men retire from office, with seeking to shield the guilty is a political discussion, that there is not a single position taken by instAad of protecting innocence. Ah, gentlemen, you must do some the democratic party for the last thirty years on which tboy now dare thing better than that if yon wish to make an arraignment against to make a stand and defend it. You may look over tho whole polit the republican party. icru arena and you will find it to be so. 1 say when you contrast the But some one said, I think my friend from North Carolina, or per position of these two great parties, what they have done, what they haps my friend from Delaware, that we had squandered $3,000,000 in have proposed, where they stand, the contrast may be drawn by any the Southern States from the judiciary fund. Why, sir, what became intelligent man. I say the democratic party has been compelled to of that $3,000,000 1 It was the money expended in putting down the ab:J>ndon and recede from every position it has taken, and it will not Ku-Klux organization, the most infamous organization in modern his now in this canvass in which it seeks again to come into power Mtand tory since the time of some of those in India, which disgra-ced the ci vi li upon any position it bas taken for the Jast thirty years. zation of the old countries. Three million dollars were spent for that But, sir, its cry is reform. Well, every honest man i~in favor of purpose, and no doubt some money was wasted, some was defrauded; reform. There nevet· will be a period in the history of mankind that bnt that occurs in the administration of every large fund of this kind; reform will not be an impemtive demand. Crimes, offenses are con there is petty peculation which plunders and robs from the public as tinnalJy occurring; there will be efforts against the interests of the well as from private individuals. Public crime as well as private crime mass of mankind. There has been a continun.l struggle since Adam exists in every community, in every State, in every land, in the quiet was born in this world of ours between g-ood and evil; but we have hamlet, in the Connecticut village as well as in the border regions come to believe that in th~ Republic of ours good ha-s been in the far remote. There will be vice and ·crime everywhere; it accompa ascendant and evil bas been sent to the penitentiary. Such has been nies all agencies that are human, and we cannot avoid it entirely. our common thought and among men of all political parties. All we can say in reply is that when these peculations occur we ex But, sir, we are now told that the democratic House, where they pose them and we punish them; and when we contrast our conduct have a casual democratic majority, have unearthed corruptions, ex and our administration with that of others gone before us, ours is far posed frauds, shown that the people have been robbed; and we nat more favorable tha.n theirs. urally inquire where, when, by whom f And uow, gent.lemen, it will Here is the official statement of the actual losses that occurred not do for you to talk about corruption a.ml fraud ancl (Ushonest.y and during our war. They are all honorable to us. Scarcely any money wrong in a general hap-hazard way as something that will be dis was lost in our war by defalcation and peculation; I say scarcely any closed, some bugaboo that will be developed after a while. Where in proportion to the percentage of other losses. Take the case of the is it f Who has stolen the public money t N arne your man. It will internal revenue, the very service that was sought to be saddled with not do for my honorable friend from Delaware to say 0, well, some $20,000,000 of unaccounted balances. Take that case, and we have body has plundered the Government to the extent of $300,000 in some the fact tliat onJy $2,376,000 have been lost of all the taxes that have contracts, but I do not want to narue him! That is not the way. The been levied in the form of internal taxation since the organization of 1 names have got to be given, the place, the time, the circumstances. the system to the last year, or 1 :fth of 1 per cent. Mr. SAULSBURY. I refer the Senator to the report of t.he Com There is another remarkable fact shown in our military history. I mittee on Naval Afl'airs where he will find it all given. have not the statement before me, but I saw the st.atement made that Mr. SHERMAN. It was an unfOl'tunate remark for the Senator to the losses-including Major Hodge's defalcation, which is one of the make. During the last democratic administration that governed the largest-that occurred by paymasters and other disbur8ing officers in country the House of Representatives, by a resolution passed by the our war, compared with the Prussian service, the English service, or votes of men of both political :parties, denounced the administration any service of which we had a record, was only abont one-tenth of 4700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JULY 18, the amount. The actual fidelity in tho disbursements of public men FORFEITURE OF RAILROAD LANDS IN KANSAS. after the wa,r and during the war is almost unprecedented in the his tory of mankind. Mr. INGALLS submitted the following report : You, gentlemen, have now had the full power of this Government; The committee of conference on tho disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the you have an organized House whose sole purpose has been to delve amendments of the Senate to the bill (H. R. No. 1771) to declnre forfeited to the UnitRd States certain Janrls granttJu to the St-ate of Kansas in aid of the con truc in and try to find if we have been guilty of rascality or wrong. They tion of rnilroads by act of Congr s approved March 3, 1863, having met, after full have ample means, ample ability, and what baa been the ont.corue Y and free conference have agreed to recommend, and do recommend, to their re You tell us that som~thing will be disclosed when the reports are spective Houses as follows: That the Senate do recede from their third amendment to said bill. printed. Can it be possible that these men u,re withholding their re JOHN J. INGALL_§, ports in order to prevent ns from answering them, or to prevent the P. W. HITCHCOC.n., men whom they aecuse from answering them in the proper way! I WM. W. EATON, trust not. I do not believe it, and will not believe it. They have Managers on the part of the &nate. here and there fallen upon delinquents. Men of both political parties JOHN R. GOODIN, / JAMES W. McDILL, have been struck at by these committees. They may not have been BENONI S. FULLER, groping in the right direction, but wherever they groped th~y found MILn.txgtrs on the part of the House. a democrat ; and they found no donlit some bad republicans. But if this is to be a campaign of scandal, if this is to be a campaign of Mr. CONKLING. What is the nature of 1he amendmenU abuse, then I warn gentlemen that the people of this country a,re a Mr. INGALLS. This is a bill providing for the recession to the kind-hearted people. I never saw an intelligent crowd in Ohio but United States of certain lands heretofore granted to the State of Kan what turned with loathing and disgust from a man who addre8sed sas in ~id nf certain railroads. The House bill provided that those them in the language of calumny and reproach. Go to that people, liiDds shnuld bo disposed of under the homestead law; the Senate talk to them plain common sense ; be the orat.or ever so dull, be be amendment was that they should be disposed of under the public-land ever so wit.ty, they will bear i.t all; they will take a joke in kind, laws of the United States. The committee of conference have agreed, good humor; but commence your strain of calumny and reproach by by receding from the amendments of tho Senate, that the land shall trying to prove t.hat Gmnt is a rascal and that all these republicans be disposed of under the homestead law. who have carried the American banner in triumph, in peace and in Mr. SARGENT. I should like to ask the Senator from Kansas if war, are scoundrels, and they will turn their backs upon you unless that report deals with the whole bill, with all the amendments t you bring facts, figures, names, and dates, and prove your charges. .Mr. INGALLS. The other amendments were adopted by the House Sir, your campa1gn of scandal and slander will be at an end in thirty of Representatives. The conference was only on one amendment. days after it has commenced. Your cry of reform will require some The report was concurred in. thing else than mere empty air. The people will ask what security RIVER AND HARBOR BILL. do you, the democratic party, give ns for reform. Why is Governor Tilden any more likely to reform this Government than Governor Mr. BOGY~ I renew my motion. Raye~;! What is there in the chrtracter of these two men that gives Mr. ALLISON. I ask the Senator from Missouri to yield to mo for one, Tilden, the pre-eminence over Hayes as a refonner! What is one moment. there in the conduct of your party that gives you the right to claim Mr. BOGY. Very well, sir. . to be reformers! You have been driven from all your positions; you Mr. ALLISON. I think we ought to go back to the consideration do not stand where yoo. stood at any time within the last thirty years. of the river and harbor bill if we intend to pass it at this session; Sir, the people will know who are these prophets of reform before and I should like to have the Senator giv~ way to me long enough they trust them. You must show something else than the history of for me to make a motion to lay the whole subject on the table, to at the last few years in the Southern States; you must show something least test the sense of the Senate ns to whether they want a rivPr and else in the nature of reform before they will trust the old associates harbor bill at this session. Here it is certainly within a few days of of Tweed in New York; you must show t.hat the democratic party the close of the session, and we have been fiv{) days considering this baa in it elements of reform which will give some security for their bill and have made pr!Lctically no progress in its consideration. promises ; otherwise the people will not heed your talk about reform. Mr. EATON. Mr. President- Sir, I again express my regret to the Senate that I have been lt>
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. appropriate money for the purchase of a law library for the Territory of Dakota. TUESDAY, July 18, 1876. The bill was read. It appropriates $2,500, to be expended by and under the direction of the governor of the Territory in the purchase The House met at twelve o'clock m. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. of a law library, to be kept at the seat of the government thereof, I. L. TOWNSEND. for the use of the governor, supreme and district courts, members of The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. the Legislature, and such other persons a-s shall be provided by law, HON. E. Y. PARSONS. and the sum of $200, or so much thereof as may be necessary, is ap :Mr. BLACKBUR.N. I ask unanimous consent to submit and ha,ve propriated for the purpose of payin~ ~e freiglit thereon. passed at this time a resolution to which I suppose no gentleman Mr. HOLMAN. It seems to me tllis bill ought to go to the Com will object in view of the late period of the session at which it be mittee of the \Vhole. comes necessary to offer it. The SPEAKER pro t~pore. It must go there, as objection is made. The Clerk read as follows : It will be so refened. Resolved, That the Clerk of this House be instructed to pay to the widow of Hon. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. E. Y. Parsons, of Kentucky, late a member of this House, the amount that he A messa~e from the Senate, by Mr. SYMPSON, one of their clerks, would have received for the remainder of the term for which he was elected. announced that the Senate ha-d passed a resolution (in which the There waa no objection, and the resolution was adopted unani concurrence of the House was requested) authorizing the special com mously. mittees appointed by the Senate and Honse of Representatives to THOMAS B. V .A.LENTINE. investigate the immigration of Chinese into this country, to act aa a Mr. WALLING. I ask unanimous consent to submit for ndoption joint special committee. at this time the resolution which I send to the Clerk's desk. The message also announced that the Senate had passed without The Clerk read as follows: amendment the joint resolution (H. R. No. 153) to correct an error in Resolved, That the clerk of the-Committee on the Public Lands be authorized to the enrollment of the post-office appropriation act. attach to any d~position he may be required to give in the case of Hovey vs. Valen The message also returned to the House of Representatives for its tine, now f ending in the district court at San Francisco, California, a copy of the concurrence the bill (S. No. 89'2) to encourage and promote telegraphic minutes o the proceedings of the Committee on the Public Lands on House bill communication between America and Asia. • No. 10'24, [Forty-second Congress,] for the relief of Thomas B. Valentine. ELECTION OF TERRITORIAL OFFICERS. Mr. RANDALL. Is that from a committ.ee f :Mr. WALLING. It is from t)le Committee on Public Lands. Mr. PATTERSON, from the Committee on the Territories, reported l\lr. GARFIELD. It occurs to me that it is an unusual request that back, with a recommendation that it pass, the bill (H. R. No. 3267) a clerk should certify to the proceedings of a committee. I do not to provide for the election of a territoria.l governor, secretary, treas know that I cau While the law as it stands purports to have these three last officers clearly not subject to the point of order. The gentleman from Colo selected from the people of the Territory, yet they are all substa.n ra Mr. PATTERSON. The gentleman from Wyoming [Mr. STEELE] The gentleman from Iowa [.Mr. KASSON] says that this bill, if has the United States Statutes before him, and will satisfy the gen passe Mr. GARFIELD. 0, I cannot but think that we ought to debate The bill was read, as follows: this bill in the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union by Be it enacted, cfc., That the commissioners of the District of Columbia. are hereby sections. authorized and empowered to tear down and remove the jail situate on Judiciary Mr. PATTERSON. In order to obviat~ the objection of the Chair Square, in the city of Washington, and, with the material thereof, and such othflr as may be ncce!'sary, to locate and construct within the present year a ~uitable I desire on the part of the Committee on the Territories to present a building or buildings for the work. bouse of the Washington Asylum, for the u e of modification of section~ of the bill and to ask that it shall be con saitl. District, upon the following grounds, namely: Upon the public re.QeiTa.tion in sidered as a part of the bill as reported. said city of Washington now occupied in part by the buildings of the Washington Asr lum, beginning on the erst side of Nineteenth street east, a.t the southwestern The SPEAKER pt·o tempm·e. That can only be done by unanimous angle of the ground occupied l>y said Washington Asylum; running thence south consent. aloug the e.'l.St line of sn.id street to the point at which the north line of E street, if :Mr. KASSON. I object to the consideration of the bill. prolonged, would intersect the e.'l.St line of said Nineteenth street east; running Mr. PATTERSON. I have seen the same thing done thousands of thence east three hundred feet; thence north to the south boundary of the a ylum grounds; thence west three hundred feet to the point of beginnin~; and that it times this session ; an amendment suggested and accepted. shall be lawful to use said building or buildings and grounds for the Imprisonment · Mr. CONGER. The gentleman certainly will not claim that the under the laws of persons sentenced to imprisonment by t.be police court of said modification he proposed to the bill has been submitte~ t.o the Com District, or by the supreme couT't of said District in ca es appealed from said po mittee on the Territoriest lice court, for violation of the municipal laws or ordinances in force in said Dis trict. The SPEAKER p1·o tempo1·e. The Chair can only act on the bill as SEc. 2. That said commissioners shall not expeml more than $14,001 in and abont reporled. The point of order has been ma?e and sustained by the the aforesaid work of tearing down, removal, and construction; which sum is here Chair, and the bill is referred to the Committee of the Whole on the by appropriated for that purpose out of any money in the Treasury not otherwil'le state of the Union. appropriated. · SEc. 3. That for the removal of the earth and rubbish, grading, sewrra.ge, and Mr. PATTERSON. I ask that this bill may be made the special other improvements of Judiciary Square, the sum of $2 00018 hereby appropriated order for Saturd:.t.y next after the morning hour. out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, in lieu of the money The SPEAKER pro tempore. That will require unanimous consent. to have been derived from the sale of theja.il in sa.1d square, and appropriated June Mr. HURLBUT. I object to making any more special orders; we 3, 1874. have more now than we can dispose of. · The amendment reported from the committee was in section 2 of PENITENTIARY AT BOISE CITY, IDAHO. the bill to strike out the words "money in the Treasury" and insert ·in lieu thereof the words "revenues of the District of Columbia." Mr. FORT, from the Committee on the Territories, reported back, The amendment was agreed to. with an amendment, the bill (H. R. No. 1972) to authorize the con The bill, as amended, was ordered to a third reading, read the third struction of an inclosure around the United States penitentiary at time, and passed. Boise City, in the Territory of Iuaho. Mr. KIMBALL moved t.o reconsider the vote by which thE:' bill was The bill appropriates the sum of $2,000, or so much thereof as may passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the be required, to construct a wooden iuclosure around the United States table. penitentiary at Boise City in the Territory of Idaho, to be expended The latter motion was agreed to. by the United States marshal for the district of Idaho, under the direc tion of the Attorney-General of the United States. L. D. EVANS. The amendment reported from the committee was to strike out Mr. HANCOCK. I am directed by the Committee of Ways and "$2,000" and insert " 1,500." Means to submit a report upon House bill No. 3141 for the relief of L. Mr. HOLMAN. I desire to reserve any point of order that may lie D. Evans; and I move that the report be printed anu recommitted to against this hill until I can hear some explanation of it. the Committee of Ways and Means. Mr. FORT. I do not suppose any explanation is necessary. This Mr. CONGER. Not to be brought back on a motion to recousider. is a penitentiary belonging to the Government of the United States, The SPEAKER p1·o tempm·e. The Committee of Ways a.ntl .Means and it is cheaper to build a fence around it than to guard it. has the right to report at any time. Mr. HOLMAN. I do not make any point of order on the bill. Mr. CONGER. To report revenue bills. The amendment reported from the committee was agreed to. :Mr. HOLMAN. This is a private hill, not a revenue bill. The bill, as amended, was ordered to be engrossed and read a third The SPEAKER pro te1npore. The Chair did not notice the character time; and being engrossed, it was accordingly read the third time, and of the bill. passed. The motion to print and recommit was .agreed to. Mr. FORT moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was Mr. CONGER moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was passed ; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the recommitted ; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid table. on the table. The latter motion was agreed to. The latter motion was agreed to. SIOUX CITY, BLACK HILLS AND PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY. FRUIT BRANDY, Mr. JONES, of Kentucky. I am instructed by the Committee on Railways and Canals to report back, with a recommendation that Mr. HANCOCK. If my colleague [Mr. SCHLEICHER] will yield to the same do pass, House bill No. 3000, incorporating the Sioux City, me, I desire to report from the Committee of Ways and Means, for Black Hills and Pacific Railroad Company. There is no subsidy or consideration at this time~ a bill relating to the production of fruit Government ai(l in this bill; it is an ordinary railroad charter for a brandy, and to punish frauds connected with the same. . railroad from Sioux City, Iowa, westward, through Nebraska, Dakota, Mr. SCHLEICHER. I will yield if it d.oes not take too much time. Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon, to Portland, Oregon. Mr. HANCOCK. I desire to report this bill for present considera Mr. SA V .AGE. I will reserve any point of order upon this bill until tion. It has been prepared by the Internal Revenue Department, it is read. and has the unanimous· approval of the Committee of Ways and ORDER OF BUSINESS. Means. The Representatives from California insist that it is very important to have it passed now in order that the people may avail The Clerk began the reading of the bill, but before concluding, themselves of its provisions in connection with the present crop of Mr. EDEN. Has t.he morning hour expired T grapes. The SPEAKER P'I'O tempore. The morning hour has expired. Mr. LUTTRELL. It will require but a moment to pa.ss the bill; Mr. SCHLEICHER. 1 rise for the purpose of moving to go into and I hope the gentleman from Texas [Mr. SCHLEICHER] will give Committee of the Whole on the joint resolution in relation to the pro way. tection of the Texas frontier. The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is not in order to debate t.be bill Mr. KELLEY. 1 a-'5k the gentleman to yield to allow me to intro now. duce a bill for reference only. Mr. HANCOCK. I suppose there will be no objection to it. Mr. SCHLEICHER. I will yield for that purpose. The bill was read. COL~AGE OF THE SILVER DOLLAR. The SPEAKER pro ternpore. Is there objection to the consideration Mr. KELLEY, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. of this bill now T 392:3) to provide for the coining of the standard silver dollar of the Mr. CONGER. I object. United States and for restoring its legal-tender character; which was Mr. HANCOCK. I ask, then, that the bill may be printed and recom read a first and second time, referred to the Committee on Coinage, mitted. Weights, and Measures, and ordered to be printed. Thore being no objection, the bill (H. R: No. 3925) was reported, . W. J. MURCHISON. read a first and second time, ordered to be printed, and recommitted. :Mr. SCHLEICHER. I rise for the purpose of moving that the Mr. REAGAN, by unanimons consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. House resolve itself into Committee of the Whole to resume the con 3924) for the relief of W. J. Murchison, postmaster at Weldon, Hous sideration of the joint resolution for the protection of the Texas ton Connty, Texas; which was read a first and second time, referred frontier. to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads, and ordered to M.r. CONGER. I withdraw my objection to the consideration of be printed. the bill report,ed by the gentleman from Texas, [Mr. HANCOCK.] JAIL ON JUDICIARY SQUARE, WABIIIXGTON. 1\lr. LUTTRELL. The objection is withdrawn; and I hope the bill Mr. KIMBALL. I am instructed by the Committee on Public will now be considered. and passed. It is a very important measure Buildings and Grounds to report back, with an amendment, Senate to the people of the Pacific coast. bill No. 842, authorizing the commissioners of the District of Columbia The SPEAKER pro tempore. 'l'he Chair cannot go back, after other to remove the jail on Judiciary Sqttare to grounds near to the Wash business has intervened, to take up business which has been ob ington Asylum for the use of the District. jected to. 1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4705 CHINESE ThfMIGRATION. the gentleman from New York that South Carolina is rotten all round Mr. RANDALL. I aak unanimous consent that the concurrent res its borders, and for that very reason I have oftered the amendment olution from the Senate in regard to a joint special committee upon to this bill to cut off that rotten part all round South Carolina so as the subject of Chinese immigmtion be taken from the Speaker's ta to let the core stand. It is those rotten parts which are troubling us. ble and considered now. We are getting along all right ourselves. There being no objection, the resolution was taken from the table He stated that I vouched for the author of that report. I state and read, as follows : again to this House that that report which was read from the desk Wherea-s on the 6th da.y of July, 1876, the Senate authorized the appointment of was signed by an honorable gentleman, a loyal gentleman, one who a special committee of three Senators to investigate the immigration of Chiueset.o risked his life for the protection and defense of this Government. I this country; and whereas on the 17th day of July, 1876, the House of Representa say again I know that if I had given his name to this House in the tives authorized the ap~ointment of a special committee of three members of the next few hours it would have been.known at Hambur~h, South Caro House to discharge similar duties : Be it enacted try the Stnate, (1M HOU8e of Representatives coneurring,) That lina, and I would not have given ten cents for his life, for General said special committees shall act as a joint special committee of the two Houses for Butler, the gentleman. who was attempted to be made a saint of in the purposes aforesaid, and with the powers conferred by the resolutions appoint this House, would at once have organized another band of Ku-Klux ing them; the expenses of the said joint committee to be paid one-half out of the and hunted him down. contingent fund of the Senate and one-half out of the contingent fund of the House of Representatives. I will tell the gentleman from New York that I was vouched for by nearly fourteen thousand majori~y of loyal men to this Government, The resolution wa.s concurred in. and, sir, I will say men of my nativ-e State, the State of South Caro ENROLLED JOINT RESOLUTION SIGNED. lina, where I was born and rearea: .. I will ask the gentleman in God's Mr. BAKER, of New York, from the Committee on Enrolled Bills, name who indorses him, whether the people of New York or the peo reported that the committee had examined and found truly enrolled ple of OhioT a joint resolution of the following title; when the Speaker pro tempore Mr. COX. Both of them. [Laughter.] signed the same. Mr. SMALLS. It is a good thing if the gentleman is indorsed by Joint resolution (H. R. No; lfi3) to correct an error in the enrollment both of them. I do not desire to take up the time of the House, as of the post-office appropriation act. gentlemen on that side have only seen fit to allow us ten minutes to HEmS OF WILLIAM H. ARNOLD. debate on this question. Thank God, I hold in my hand the official investigation of the attorney-general of that State, and if that report The SPEAKER pro tempore, by unanimous consent, laid before the does not place everything charged in that former letter upon General House a letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting a report on Butler's head, then I do not know how any man can be proved guilty the bill (H. R. No. 3780) for the relief of the heirs of William H. Ar of any crime within the borders of the United States. nold; which was referred to the Committee on War Claims. I have nothing to say in reference to the complimentary remarks of PENN'S COVE 1\ULITARY RESERVATION. the gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. JONES] in regard to General But The SPEAKER p-ro tentpore also laid before the House a letter from ler. General Butler might have been in the days he knew him every the Secretary of War, transmitting reports concerning the Penn's thing he has stated in regard to him, but I can tell him that since Cove military reservation, Washington Territory; which was referred General Butler left him he has either got into bad company or has to the Committee on Private Land Claims. been badly advised, for there has not been a row or riot in South Carolina since reconstruction in Edgefield that General Butler has not PROTECTION OF TEXAS FRONTIER. led; lle has been the leader of every riot or outrage perpetrated upon Mr. SCHLEICHER. I now renew my motion that the House re the good people of that State. solve itself into Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union Why, sir, this military company is a regularly organized body of for the purpose of resuming the consideration of the joint resolution the militia of that State. It was celebrating the Fourth of July, and (H. R. No. 96) to provide for the protection of the Texa~ frontier on men having no authority at all asked those men to give up their ariDH. the Lower Rio Grande. Pending that motion I move that all debate The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman's time baa expired. on the pending section and the amendments thereto be limited to Mr. SMALLS. I ask that the report of the attorney-general of the twenty minutes. State of South Carolina be printed as a part of my remarks. Mr. SMALLS. I ask the gentleman to allow a little more time. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair hears no objection. Twenty minutes will allow only ten minutes for each side. I hope Mr. SMALLS. Also the statement of the coroner and other papers. the gentleman will agree to give at least an hour. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair hears no objection. Mr. GARFIELD. I trust the gentleman from Texas will at least The papers referred to are as follows: consent to allow thirty minutes. I think that will be satisfactory. 1 DOC ADAMS'S ST.A.TKMEN'l'-THE STORY OF THE TWQ-HOURS SIEGE, AND HOW liB Mr. SCHLEICHER. I accept the suggestion of the gentleman WITH .A. DET.A.CIDIE~"T OF HIS COXPANY ESCAPED FROM: THE AIUlORY. from Ohio [Mr. GARFIELD] and modify my motion accordingly. [l!'rom our special correspondent.] The motion to limit debate in Committee of the Whole upon thA AIKEN, SoUTH CAROLINA, July 12. pending section and amendments thereto to thirty minutes wa.a I send yon a. statement of Doe L. Adams, the capt1in of the militia company, _,_ agreed to. just as it bas been given by him. He saw a part of the affair and was quite a.n in· _.,- 'fhe 'luestion recurring on the motion of Mr. SCHLIECHER that the terested party. Here is the statement: _, __. House resolve itself into Committee of the Whole, it was agreed to. I am captain of Company A, Eighteenth Re¢ment National Guard of thl" ~t.M:e of South Carolina, which company has been stationed a.t Hamburgh; in fact it was The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, made up there from tho citizens of the town and vicinity. (Mr. MONROE in the chair,) and resumed the consideration of the joint On Saturday, the 8th day of July, about half past four o'clock, General Butler, resolution (H. R. No. 96) to provide for the protection of the Texas with about thirty or forty men, a&;embled at the office of •rrial.Justice Rivers, in frontier on the Lower Rio Grande. RaiD burgh. The occasion of this waa because at tbat hour the trial of the militia. officers was to take place. I went to Trial.J"ustice Rivers and stated to him that I The CHAIRMAN. When the committee rose it had under consid and the other officers of the company did notwant to be tried before him that even eration an amendment to section 1, offered by the gentleman from ing, and that we would give bond for our appearance before the circuit court. My South Carolina, [Mr. SMALLS,] which will be reported by the Clerk. reason for saying this to him was because I had heard threats made against myself The Clerk read a.s follows: and others by the forty or more armed men who were crowded round Rivers's otlice. On mal..-ing this statement to Rivers he told me I could use my own judgment about Provided, That no troops for the purposes named in this section shall be dJ:awn the matter, aa he was of the opinion himself that it would be unsafe for myself from the State of South Carolina so long as the militia of that Stat-e peaceably as and the other officeys to be tried at that time. I, having concluded not to go to the sembled are assaulted, disarmed, and taken prisoners, and then massacred in cold court, a committee came from ~neral Butler for me to meet him at the liouse of blood by lawless bands of men invading the State from the State of Georgia. S. B. Spencer, where a hundred or more armed white men were congregated. I refused to go, believing my life woul eoming in from Augusta. and Edgefield. Between twelve and one o'clock at least ler's hands. General Butler said that, as the men would not meet him he would two thousand men were present, armed to the teeth. I left for Aiken about three have no more to do with them. General Butler was asked by Rivers if he would o'clock Sunday morning. guarantee the safety of the town should the militia surrender their arms. He said DOC L. ADAMS, that would depend on how the men behaved themselves afterward. Oapta.in Oompany A, Eighteenth Regiment N. G. S. S. 0. This statemept is confirmed by S. P. Pixley. The above statement is signed with Adams's own signature. He seems to be a While these negotiations were going on the armed body of white men in the town man of some intelligence, and as "mlld-mannere 1876~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4707 Mr. COX. Mr. Chairman, I have no response to make to what has not on the borders, nor outside of the borders, but in the very heart just fallen from the other side. It was advertised pretty largely that of the State, in Columbia, and from the center all around. Does he I was to be in some way or other attacked to-day by somebody of a not say (page 24) that the principal rascals live in Columbia. aud no different color and race. The attack has been made. I said the other body calls them to a-ccount; that they do not even conceal their day that South Carolina was bad at the center and to the circumfer plunder and their scandalous swindles f They boast of stealing a.nd ence. I presume, Mr. Chairman, that South Carolina is worse now are proud that they are not discovered. tha,n she was when this book whicli is in my hand was written. It Here, Mr. Chairman, is one chapter in t.his volume devoted entirely is entitled, "A Prostrate State: South Carolina under Negro Govern to the State debt scon'ldrelism of the State government. It runs np ment. By James S. Pike, late minister of .the United States at The the debt from five millions to some twenty-four or twenty-seven mil Hague." The author is a republican gentleman of observation, hon lion dollars. But can anybody tell how much more it is, owing to the esty, and intelligence. In this little book he has shown the effect of malfeasance of the officials and the various kinds of frauds that were this terrible negro government upon the resources and morals of South perpetrated f There is another chapter devoted to the fraud in the Carolina. In chapter 3 all the foulness of the State government is expenditure of $700,000 appropriated by the Legislature to buy lands developed. It shows how the treasury has been drained by thieves. for the freedmen. It shows that the State treasurer can be of no use there because all For the freedmen l If there is one thin(J' worse than another it is the means of the State have been robbed. It shows how, after the a white rascal above a black rascal. All through the late experi carpet-bag governments had taken nearly all, there was a worse crew ence of Congress you have seen, sir, that the worst men who have of robbers called native Africans of South Carolina. It refers to them preyed upon the negroes in this country have been their white allies. especially. I do not know whether the members from South Carolina The gentleman from Virginia [Mr. DouGLAS] can tell you, from his in this Honse belong to the Chamberlain faction or to the other bc Committee on the Freedman's Bank, how $64,000 was discovered by tion, or to what class they do belong. All I know is that this little his committee to have been robbed from soldiers, sailors, and marines; book authentically states the fact that- how much was stolen by your Freedman's Bank, not to speak of the They are the highwaymen of t.he State. They are professional legislative rob Bureau. How much f At least a million and a half. Am I not cor bers. They- are men who have studied and pra {_I 4708 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. _ JULY 18, York through Tammany Hall at the time when the gentleman from trict, where I li-ved, in a republican district; I ran there twice and Ohio brought his little "carpet-bag 11 to the city of New York and set was elected each time, not by the aiJ. of Mr. Tweed, though not with it down in Tammany Hall, which was then flourishing in all its power his opposition. I did so because the people supposed then, as they did and glory, and looked up smilingly for the approbation of William M. afterward when they adopted me as their canilidate at large for the Tweed. [Great laughter.] While William ~1. Tweed ruled New York State of New York and gave me 17,000 votes more than any of the $40,000,000 wa.s stolen from that people by Tweed and his immediate rest of our ticket-they supposed that under the Constitution of this associates, and there is to-day a judgment entered against William country I could come and go as I pleased, without asking the gentle M. Tweed for his share of the stealings which could be traced to his man from Troy as to my business. hands of OY'6r $6,000,000; Peter B. Sweeney, the city treasurer, stole I never in this Hall called any gentleman to account for carpet another share; Richard B. Connolly another share; Andrew J. Gar bagging. ·I do not care where a man is born, so that he is good and vey stole hls share; and Ingersoll stole still another share of the just. Our Saviour was born in Bethlehem, in a manger, and came Otit $40 000,000, ana every man of them ha-s left this country for his coun of Nazareth. We worship him, though be was in one respect a for tryls good excepting-two-Garvey, who is in State's prison, and Inger eigner. We do not, however, necessarily wor hip the little African soll, who has been pardoned out by the "reform" governor of the fetishes that come from Congo and Guinea, which are the objects of State of New York. But there was not only this stealing of $40,000,000 devotion of the gentleman from Troy, and about the only devotion by this Tweed gang, but Thomas C. Fields, another glorious leader which he bas shown this session worthy of the name of religion. of Tammany, got an appropriation from the Legislature to the amount This South Carolina amendment does not properly belong to this of more than $100,000 nominally for the benefit of the firemen, but he Texas bill. I do not ca,re whether or not, for this legislative purpose, actually stole every dollar of it. Henry Genet got an act passed for this outrage sbali be laid at the door of the whites or blacks. We have a court-house in the city of New York and stole the $100,000 appro outrages in the North. We had an extraordinary outrage not loner priated for the court-house, and the sheriff of New York let him run ago at Newark, New Jersey, but we do not invoke the Federal sword away. The present sheriff allowed William M. Tweed to go to his for that. The point is, shall the Federal Government intervene residence and go up-stairs unattended to see his wife and allowed him whenever lawlessness occurs or a trouble arises between the blacks thus to leave for parts unknown, and the "reform" governor of the and the whites in the southern country f £hall the power of the State has not found time to investigate the outrage of letting him Federal Government be aggranrlizeu and abused so that no concilia escape or to remove him from office, as he had the power to do. This tion can ever come to this distracted country f It never will com(> is the party of reform and retrenchment in the city of New York from under the teachings of such men as my colleague from the Troy district. which my colleague [Mr. Cox] hails. One word more and I am done. A proper amendment to this bill, But, sir, we have not told the whole story yet. Tammany elected ad absttrdunt, would be that the Army should not be moved from the judges to protect these thieves and robbers-George G. Barnard, Mc State of New Jersey because of the troubles there recently in New Cunn, and Cardozar--every one of whom was impeached and two of ark, where several men. were murdered in a tannery and in a river; them convicted and one resigned. But, sir, we are not through yet. or from Indianapolis or Pennsylvania, or anywhere else where there There are now some decent judges in New York and Tammany op is any conspicuous trouble or crime. ·what I stand for here is not to posed every one of them, and if Tammany opposed them my colleague recriminate against South Carolina or to answer criminations against who sits over there talking about purity and reform voted against New York. '!'his South Carolina amendment came here not by our every one of them, for he ha-s never found occasion to quit Tammany motion. But when the black race is arrayed against the white race, yet. And when Boss Tweed's successor, the noted John Kelly, came when the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. HARTRIDGE] rises here and and waved his wand over him .as he sat in our Speaker's chair and a.sks time for a fair discussion and a fair hearing of these charges, it sald to him, "Come out of that chair and go with me to Saint Louis to becomes us, when important legislation is asked for on a bill connected carry out the great farce which we have planned," and said, "We have with the defense· of the border of Texas, to inquire into tbe facts of the elected our delegates, and we want you, Brother Cox, to go with me case and to wait for the inquest to develop the true state of the facts. to Saint Louis jn the attitude of the brother of tbe temperance lee-· [Here the hammer fell.] turer. You know that while the one brother was lecturing on temper The CHAIRMAN. 'l'be time of the gentleman has expired. ance the other was exhibiting himself as an awful example; and that Mr. GARFIELD. It is not the least sa drew H. Hamilton Hancock, Hardenbergh, John T. Harris, Hartridge, Hartzell, dall, Reagan, .r ohn Reilly, .r ames B. Reilly, Rice, Riddle William M. Robbins, Miles Hatcher, Haymond, Hereford, Abram S. Hewitt, Hill, Holman, Hopkins, House, Ross; Scales, Schleicher, Schumaker, Sheakley, Sing~eton, Siemon..~, William E. Jenks, Thomas L. Jones, Kehr, George M. Landel'S, Lane, Le Mo~·ne, Luttrell, Smith, Southard, Sparks, Spencer, Spring.,r, Tarbox, Teese. Terry, Thomas, Throck L. A Mackey, Maish, McFarland, McMahon, Meade Metcalfe, Milliken, Mills, morton, Turney, John L. Vance, Robert B. Vance, Waddell, Charles C. B. Walker, Morgan, Morrison, Mutchler, New, Odell, Payne, Phelps, Piper, Powell, Randall, Gilbert C. Walker, Walsh, Erastus Wells, Whitehouse, Wigginton, Alpheus S. Reagan, John Reilly, .Tamas B. Reilly, Rice, Riddle, John ]:{obbins, William M. Williams, James D. Williams, Jeremiah N. Williams, and Benjamin Wilson-111. Robbins, Miles Ross, Scales, Schleicher, St·hnmaker, Sheakley, Singleton, Slemons, NOT VOTING-Messrs. Ba s, Beebe, Blount, Bradford, Burleigh, Campbell, Cas William E. Smit.h, Southard, Sparks, Spencer, Springer, Tarbox:, Teese, Terry, well, Caulfield, Chapin, Chitt~nden, Cowan, Crounse, Danford, Denison, Durand, Thomas, Throokmorwn, Tucker, Turney, John L. Vance, Robert B. Vance, Wad· Durham, Ellis, Ely, Faulkner, Finley, Foster, Franklin, Freeman, Frye, Fuller, dell Charles C. B. Walker, Gilbert C. Walker, Walling, Walsh, Erastus Wells, 1 Gibson, Glover, Goode, Robert Hamilton, Haralson, Benjamin W. HaiTis1 llenrv Wh1tehonse, Wig/Pnton, Wike, Alphens S. Williams, James D. Williams, Jeremiah R. Harris, Hathorn, Ha;v~, Henkle, AbramS. Hewitt, Goldsmith W. Hew1tt, Hill, N. Williams, WilllB, James Wilson. and Younrr-126. Hoar, Hooker, Hubbell, Hunton, Hurd, Hyman, Frank Jones, Joyce, Kasson, Kina, NOT VOTING-Messrs. Ba s, Blount, Bradford, Campbell, Caswell, Caulfield, Knott, Lamar, Franklin Landers, Lane, Lapham, Lawrence, Le Moyna, Lewis, Lora; Chapin, Chittenden, Cowan, Crapo, Urounse, Danford, Denison, Dobbins, Durand, Lynch, Lynde, Edmtmd W. M. Mackey, McCrary, Money, Nash, Neal, O'Brien, Durham, Egbert., Ely, Faulkner, Franklin, Freeman, Fuller, Gibson, Glover, Rob John F. Philips, William A. Phillips, Piper, Poppleton, Purman, Rea, John Rob ert Hamilton, Haralson, Benjamin W. Harris, HenryR.Harris, Harlison, Hathorn, bins, Roberts, Sobieski Ross, Ru. k, Sayler, Seelye, Strait, Sten~er, Stevenson, Hays, Henderson, Henkle, Goldsmith W. Hewitt, Hoar, Hooker, Hubbell, llunton, Stone, Stowell, Swann, Tnckor,Waldron,Walliug, Ward, G. Wiley \Vella, Wheelor, Hurd, Hurlbut~ Hyman, Frauk Jones, Joyce, Kasson, Kimball, King, Knott, Lamar, White, Whitthorue, Wike, Charles G. Williams, James Williams, Willis, Wilshire, Franklin Landers, Lapham, Levy, Lewis, Lord, Lynch, Lynde, McCrary, Money, James Wilson. Alan Wood, jr., Fernando Wood, Woodworth, Yeates, and Young Neal, O'Brien, John F.Philij)S, William A. Phillips, Poppleton, Purman, Rea, Rob llr2. erts, Sobieski Ross, Rusk, Sayler, Seelye, Sinnickson, Strait, Stenger. Stevenson, Stone, Stowell, Swann, Thornbur"h, Washin,!tton Townsend, Waldron, Ward, War So Mr. Co~GER's amendment WM not agreed to. ren. G. Wiley Wells, Wheeler, White, Whitthorne, Charles G. Williams, James 1\Ir. SCHLEICHER. I move that the House resolve itself into Com Williams, Wilshire, Benjantin Wilson, Alan Wood, jr., Fernando Wood, Wood mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union upon the Texas border worth, and Yeate&-93. bill, and pending that motion I move that all debate upon the first So the amendment was disagreed to. section aud amendment thereto be closed in twenty-five minutes, and During the vote, on that motion I move the previous question. Mr. CUTLER stated that his colleague, 1\-Ir. IIAl\nLTON, was absent The question was put on seconding the previous question, and on on account of illness. a division there were ayes 105, noes not counted. Mr. VANCE, of Ohio, stated that his colleague, Mr. PoPPLETON, So the previous question wa-s seconded. was absent by leave of the House. The main question was then ardered. Mr. COCHRANE stated that Mr. HUNTON was absent on account 1\Ir. SAVAGE. I desire to know whether the twenty-five minutes of sickness. are to be an addition to the time already allowed T Mr. POWELL stated that his colleague, Mr. Ross, was absent on The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time already allowed has ex-pired. account of illness. This motion is to allow twenty-five minutes for debate upon the com Mr. HUBBELL stated that he was paired with Mr. DURHAM, of mencement of the session of the committee. Kentucky, who if present would vote in the negative, while he him Mr. HALE. This is the motion of the gentleman from Texas, [Mr. self would vote in the affirmative. SCHLEICHER,] is it not t ?.Ir. WELLS, of Missouri, stated that his colleague, .Mr. STONE, was The SPEAKER p1'o tempore. It is to extend the time twenty-five absent from the city. minutes. The vote was then announced as above recorded. The question wa.s taken on Mr. ScHLEICHER's motion, and on a di The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion of the vision there were-ayes 119, noes 30. gentleman from Texa-s [Mr. SCHLEICHER] tbat when the House again So the motion was agreed to. resolves itself into Committee of -the Whole all debate on the pend The House accordingly resolved itself into Committee of the Whole ing section and amendments be closed in ten minutes. on the state of the Union, (Mr. MoNROE in the chair,) and resumed Mr. CONGER. I move to amend that by making the time forty the consideration of the joint resolution (H. R. No. 96) to provide for minutes. I ask the gentleman from TexM [Mr. SCHLEICHE.R] to ac the protection of the Texas frontier on the Lower Rio Grande. cept that proposition. The CHAIRMAN. Debate upon this bill is now limited under the Mr. HANCOCK. 'Ve made one contract with you already and you five-minute rule to twenty-five minutes, and the gentleman from Mis would not stand by it. sis ippi [Mr. LA.~] is entitled to the floor for five minutes. Mr. RANDALL. The time was fixed by the request of that side of Mr. LAMAR. Mr. Chairman, I shall speak as rapidly as I can. The the House and that time has expired. gentleman from Ohio [Mr. GARFIELD] asked if this was a sporadic case Mr. CONGER. When wa-s it fixed f or one typical of the general condition of thin~s South. I answer Mr. RANDALL. This morning. The original time suggested by that there is no community in the South that IS not thrille<,l with that side was twenty minutes, and the agreement was finally made at horror at such occurrences. Sir, it is a wonder that society does not their request that there should be thirty minutes. What they asked go to pieces under the operation of governments that allow such law was acceded to, showing that there has been no disposition to cut off lessness to stalk abroad in the lund unpunished. They are govern debate. ments which live on violence and disorder, and when they cannot have Mr. CONGER. The gentleman from Pennsylvania cannot deny violence they provoke it in order to use it as an instrument of politi that there ha.s been a dieposition to cut off debate. We have asked cal power. an hour, or forty minutes, or thirty minutes, and that is refused with A word in answer to the argument of the gentleman from Michigan a strong hand. [Mr. Co~GER] Saturday, in all good-temper. The use of the Army Mr. RANDALL. This is brought in to excite bad feeling. We never produced any good effect in such ca.ses as this. The troops al want to preserve peace. ways get to the scene of the disturbance after the occurrence and too Mr. CONGER. The gentleman does not want us to discuss partic late to prevent it, and as a means of righting personal and private ular subjects. That is the trouble. I will modify my amendment wrongs, as a means of preventing violence to personal security, the and move to strike out ten minutes and insert thirty minutes; and Army is slow, cumbersome, is ineffective, and almost useless; and in upon that I call for the yeas and nays. spite of the efforts of the Army officers to the contrary, whose actions On the question of ordering the yeas and nays there were ayes 47. cannot be too highly commended, it is converted into a monstrous en So (the affinnative being more than one-fifth of the last vote) the gine of political oppression and corrupt political intrigues. That is yeas and nays were ordered. the only use to wpich it is put in the South. . The gentleman must Mr. .MILLS. I suggest that we compromise on fifteen minutes and see how utterly inappropriate the use of the Army is in such cases. give it all to the gentleman from Michigan. A riot like this in the streets of a town or village is not a thing for The SPEAKER pro tempore. The proposition of the gentleman the Federal Government to intervene about, for it violates no Federal from Texas il!l not in order. It can only be entertained by unanimous law, it does not conflict with national authority, it h'lS no relation to consent. · the exercise of the right of suffrage. The question was taken on Mr. CONGER's amendment, and there This was a riot like the riots which occurred in the State of Penn were-yeas 73, nays 111, not voting 102; as follows: sylvania in the mining regions, or in Indiana, where, on the day of the last election, three or four colored men were killed; or like that which YEAS-Messrs. Adams, George A. Baaley, John H. Baker, William H. Baker, occurred the other day in New Jersey, where seven men were killed, Ballou, Banks, Blair, Bradley, William R.'nrown, Horatio C. Burchard, Cannon, Ca two of them put to death by stoning. 'Vhy do you not apply the son, ConKer, Crapo, Darra.IJ~ Davy, Dobbins, Dunnell, Eames, Evans, Fort\ Garfield, Goodin, tlale, Hendee, HenaP.rson, Hoge, Hoskins, Hunter, Hurlbnt, Kelley, Ketch same remedy there t Why confine your Federal intervention to pre am, Kimball, Leavenworth, Magoon, .MacDouga.ll, McDill, Miller, Mills, Mom'OO, vent murder and riot to one section alone T New, Noi'Um, Oliver, O'Neill, Packer, Page, Pierce, Plaistlld, Platt, Potter, Pratt, What is the remedy in this case t It is clear. It is the duty of the R.a.iney, Robinson, Sampson, Savage, Sinnickson, Smalls, A. Herr Smith, Thompson, governot· of South Carolina to take prompt and severe measures to Thornburgh, Martin L Townsend, Washington Townsend, 1.'ufts, Van Vorhes, Wait, .Alex:anderS. Wallace, John W.Wallace,Warrcn, Whiting, Willa.rd, Andrew ha.ve apprehended and punished the men who committed such a crime. Williams, William B. Williams, and Woodbnrn-i3. He cannot use measures too vigorous or too summary to bring the NAYS-Messrs. Ainsworth, Anderson, Ashe, Atkins, Bagby, John H. Bagley, men who shot down these prisoners in cold blood to a swift retribu jr., Banning, Bell, BL'l.Ckburn, Bland, Bliss, Boone, Bright, John Young Brown, Buckner, Samuel D. Burchard, Cabell, .John H. Caldwell, William P. Caldwell, tion. I understood the eloquent and gifted gentlem:m from Georgia Candler, Cate, John B. Clarke of Kentucky, John B. Clark, Jr., of Missouri, Cly [Mr. HARTRIDGE] to promise the co-operation of the governor of mer, Cochrane, Collins, Cook, Cox, Culberson, Cutler, DavlS, De Bolt, Dibrell Georgia, if the case touches Georgia in any way, to bring these men Douglas, Eden, Egbert, Felton, Forney, Gause, Gunter, Andrew H. Hamilton, Han: to condign punishment. Is the governor of South Carolina doing 'lOOk Hardenbergll, John T. Harris, furrison, Hartriclge, Hartzell, Hatcher, Hay mond, Hereford, Holman, Hopkins, House, Jenks, Thomas L. Jones, Kehr, George anything in that direction T If he is he will meet my support and M. Landel'S, Levy, Luttrell, L. A. Mackey, Maish, McFarland, McMahon, Meade, praise and that of the good citizens of South Carolina; but if instead Metcalfe, Milliken, Morgan, Morrison,Mntohler, Odoll, Paynt', Phelps, Powell, Ran- of doing that he is rushing to Washington to invoke once more the ./ 1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· HOUSE. 4711 demon of discord and sectionalism, to drag their material of passion menced leaving out of their platforms this principle of the right of through this Chamber, he wHl not be doin~ that which will prevent the citizen to protection in person and in property. I stand here, in disorders in that State. I say, sir, if there IS lawlessness, it is because dependent of all party on this question, to say that, be the wronged these so-called republican governments have been not only corrupt citizens white men of Texas or black men of South Carolina, this and lawless themselves, but also because they have encouraged it by great Republic of 44,000,000 of ~eople owes all its energy and all its giving it impunity through their imbecility and cowardice, and often power to protect all citizens of this country against outrages upon by actually inciting it. I say that wherever, as in the State of Ar liberty and life such as have been perpetrated in this case. This is kansas to-day, the governor ha-s ruled with a :firm hand and enforced what the gentleman from South Carolina [Mr. SMALLS] has asserted, the law, lawlessness has been crushed out and all citizens, black and as is his right. And I rise here to defend him and the race he represents white, are alike secure. Governor Garland ha.s in one year put down against being laughed out of this tribunal of the nation and from the the spirit of lawlessness in that State, and it is now as peaceable a presence of the American people when they brin~ their complaints community a.s any in the country. I repeat, it is not the fault of the before them and demand redress and protection m the name of hu people, whose property interests and business investments and indus manity and of constitutional right. trial arrangements depend upon peace and order, and are utterly [Here the hammer fell.] ruined by such disorders, but of governments either too inefficient to Mr. HARTRIDGE. I did not intend to participate further in this put down crime or so much interested in producing that they furnish debate, and I should not now do so were it not for certain words provocations to it. which have fallen from the gentleman from Iowa [Mr. KAssoN] who Why, sir, the other day Governor Kellogg, of Louisiana, appointed has just taken his seat. I desire to state to that gentleman and to as a tax-collector to a parish in that State-so I read in the press-a to this House, simply a-s a repetition of what I had the honor to utter man who was a captain of a band of murderers and robbers. H he in his hearing on Saturday last, that I deplore this occurrence as had sent his police to hunt him down and shoot him like a wolf, him much as any gentleman upon this floor; that the people of the State and his marauding band, he would have done his duty. But instead of Georgia deplore it, and, a.s I then said, I now say that the people of that he legalizes robbery and theft by making the robber a public of Georgia, through their press, are ca11 ing for a rigorous and thorough officer, and when riots and disturbances grow out of such actions as and vigorous investigation of this matter ; and they stand pledged, these he comes here to Washington and calls on this Government to when the truth is elicited, to stamp with their condemnation all who bring about order. Sir, these occurrences are ruinous to the South, are to blame and to aid in their punishment. Can anything be clearer they are unnatural and morbific elements, and disappear wherever or plainer than that T this kind of men is eliminated from political and social control in I not only deplore, but I here pledge my constituents, I pledge my the South and the management of affairs falls into the hands of her State through its official authorities, to aid in the investigation of this own people. matter and to punish those who are guilty. Bnt I desire to wait Mr. KASSON. Mr. Chairman, for the first time during this debat-e until we learn who are guilty. I am not prepared now, from what the House has heard from a gentleman of the opposition a distinct, I have heard and what I have read, to give my judgment as to who direct, and pointed condemnation of this most serious and alarming is guilty or who is innocent. I am not prepared to say upon this floor outrage upon human life, human liberty, and constitutional rights. that the people of Georgia or the people of South Carolina, white or Mr. LAMAR. The gentleman is mistaken. I only repeated what black, are guilty in this transaction. I am not prepared so to say my gifted friend from Georgia LMr. liARTRIDGE] said. upon the statements of Governor Chamberlain and his attorney-gen Mr. KASSON. The gentleman from Georgia "deplored" the out eral, and to give a judgment now. rage. I failed +JO hear him condemn the men who were involved in I wait for the evidence that is to be given under oath. I wait for its commission. the evidence npon which the governor of South Carolina shall base Mr. HARTRIDGE. The gentleman will allow me a word 7 his official action; and if he sees fit to demand any one from the State Mr. KASSON. The gentleman must excuse me, as my time is so of Georgia who has been guilty of this crime, when that demand short. Even the gentleman from Mississippi was not able to close his comes, ba.sed upon his official investigation, based upon evidence set eloquent denunciation of the outrage without impliedly turning the ting forth the facts, my word for it the authorities of Georgia will responsibility for these riots and outrages upon the republican ele respond according to justice aud the Constitution. ment in the South. Why, sir, gentlemen upon the other side of the House do not under Let us come to the point before this Honse under debate. On the stand our condition to-day in the South. You seem to think that 4th day of July last a militia company wa.s assembled in the streets there is all the time a war of races there between the blacks and the of Hamburgh, South Carolina, celebrating the anniversary of their whites. Is it not our interest to live together there in peace f Is not national independence and ours. They were lawfully observing it, the black race the only race fit to furnish us laborf Must not the when two young white men got into a quarrel with them; but the white race furnish the capital f Is it not the interest of capital and day closed without disaster. On the following day an armed organ labor to live in peace and friendshipf Why, then, should we provoke ization from Georgia, where the chief criminals yet remain, invaded these disturbances f Why should we excite these outrages f Why the State of South Carolina and committed murderous outrages should we seek to overturn and subvert all the means of our pros which are certified in the report of the attorney-general of South perity and happiness f . Carolina over the signature of Governor Chamberlain, which report The cupidity of the North, engaging in the African slav.e trade, I now hold in my hand. The question is, were these militiamen vi put this race in our midst as slaves. The power of the North has olating the law when they were attacked f Had this militia company left them to us a.s freemen. There they must live; ·with them we the right to a.ssemble and parade on the national holidayT Your must live; and unless the two races live in accord and harmony there Constitution tells you, in the second amendment to it, that- is no future of happiness or prosperity for us. More than that, there A w'ell regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right is something in the hearts of southern people. We are not savages. of the people to keep and bear arms shall not beinfringed. There is some feeling on our part toward this race among whom we And yet the gentleman, General Butler, who is commended as a were born and reared, and with whom we daily live. There is scarcely noble exponent of chivalry, (and his personal character may be all one of us upon this floor from that section who can look back to the that his friends claim,) propos~d, as is admitted, that the arms borne days of his infancy or childhood without seeing something to bring by this militia company should be surrendered to unauthorized per up pleasant and loved ·memories in connection with this race. For sons, and to deprive the militia of South Carolina of the right se my part, were I to seek to outrage this colored race, there would rise cured to them by +.he Constitution of the United States. APd then to rebuke me the memory of the nurse of my infant years-the mem from that first proposition to violate a constitutional right they went ory of her whose bosom, although dark with the hue of slavery, yet on to other and more serious violations of constitutional rights and tenderly and softly pillowed my infant head; whose hands, although liberties, even to the taking of prisoners who were lawfully in the hardened by toil, yet kindly ministered to my infant wants; whose militia company, and not only that, but disarming them of the arms voice, although untrained and untutored, sweetly sang the lullaby they had a lawful right to hold. And not only that; "let the angels that soothed my infant slumbers. I tell you, gentlemen, there are weep, but let honest men do more than deplore ;" let them condemn ties of interest, there are ties of policy, there are ties of memory and with all the energy of which human nature is capable; they told the best emotions of the heart to bind the white people of the South these prisoners to run and as they ran from them they "chival to the colored race. [Applause.] rously" amused themseives by shooting them down, and even in two Mr. HALE. Mr. Chairman, this House has presented this morning instances mutilating their dead bodies1 a remarkable spect.acle. This ha.s been no ebullition of sentiment. And when the ~entleman from South Carolina, [Mr. SMALLS,] The subject-matterbeforeushas been nothin9;of fancy. It has come whose State and dlstrict have thus been invaded and outraged, brings up from no desire to "shake the bloody shirt. ' The gentleman from the matter to the attention, of this Honse, the gentleman from New South Carolina, [Mr. SMALLS,] representing a defrauded and mur York LMr. Cox] calls it bad in morals, bad in motive, and charges dered race, has offered a practical amendment to the bill before the that it is brought in here for a bad political purpose. Sir, the demo Honse, a perfectly germane amendment to a bill which proposes to cratic party did not always take this position. In 1840 they declared regulatethemovementsof the United States Army. The amendment· in their national platform: is in these words : That every citizen of every section of the country has a right to demand and in· Provided, That no troops for the purposes named in this section shall be with sist upon an equality of rights and privileges and to complete and ample protec drawn from the State of South Carolina so long as the militia of that State, peace tion of person and property from domestic violence or foretgn aggression. fully assembled, are assaulted, disarmed, taken prisoners, and then massacred in They re-enacted that in their platforms until1864. But when there cold blood by lawless bands of men invading that State from the State of Goorgia. came to be citizens of another color, citizens who were dependent, The circumstances ca.Uing out this amendment are that at least six ignorant, poor, and needing protection, the democratic party com- men, citizens of the United States, equal citizens with you, sir, and 4712 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JULY 18, me and the leaders upon the otbe~ side; men whom we have under- the dark corner of South Car?J?la. .The Hamburgh m.assacre is only taken to clothe with all the high privileges and rights that spring tl:te outbreak of a lawless spmt whiCh has prevailed rn that section from our Constitution and the laws; men whom we have made fellow- for years. It was this spirit of lawlessness and of terrorism which citizens with us, have been wantonly and foully murdered. And yet in 1868 at the presidential election actually prevented any ;polls be the majority of this House upon a deliberate roll-call have refused ing opened in Edgefield County, because no republicans could be found to allow sixty minutes debate upon this subject of the slaughter of to risk their lives to serve as commissioners of elections. It was the our fellow-citizens. Why, sir, the taking of the life of a single Brit- only county in the State in which no election was held. ish subject, entitled to the protection of the British flag, has forced The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman's time bas expired. entrance to the House of Commons and has there dominated all ot.her l\Ir. MACKEY, of South Carolina. I desire to print some extracts. subjecta for weeks and months. And the French Ass~mbly has again . The CHAIRMAN. The Chair begs to ask one small favor of the and again debated for da.ys and weeks upon the wrongs of a single committee. It has been the purpose of the Chair because he found French citizen. This tenderness for the life and property of the cit- it would be agreeable to the committee, to divide tne1 time with exact izen has been the common pride of every legislative body that baa equality between the two sides of the House in the debate on this ever been known to the civilized world. And yet the majority of this question. He kept the time as carefully as he could, and havin~ been House decline to give an hour for debate to this overweening, o.ver- earnestly pressed to give one of the Representi ves of South Carolina on mastering subject, or inquiry into the causes which led to the murder the left the floor he did so with the belief that he had divided the time of these six men and for discussion of the means by which we may with exact equality in view of the fact that the distinguished gentle prevent like occurrences by the presence of United Stat.es armed forces. man from Mississippi had had two five· minute speeches. But gen- The gentleman from Georgia asks why do these things continue to tlemen on my right who cbim to have kept the account correctly occurT Let me tell him t.hat they will continue just as long as mem- expressed to the Chair the opinion be has somehow kept from them hers on that side of the Chamber rise as one man to stamp down the one five.-minute speech. If so, the Chair regrets it. . discusaion of these atrocities. Let me tell him that so lopg as the .Mr. RANDALL. The Chair need not be uneasy on that score, for democratic party are led by men in whose neighborhood these scenes we are all satisfied of his impartiality and fairness. · are enacted, and who have nothin(J' but good words for the actors in The CHAIRMAN. The Chair would be glad to have an additional the terrible drama, the raiders and murderers in Georgia and South five minutes allowed to gentlemen on the right. He did the best he Carolina will go high-banded on their bloody work, and will, as they could. Is there objection-- believe, be protected in it. Mr. RANDALL. We are satisfied, and we hope now to have a vote. Sir, there is something to do besides invoking sentiment and quot- The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection to the gentleman from South ing poetry, as ba.s been done in this case. I charge upon the gentle- Carolina printing with his remarks the extracts be refers tot man from Mississippi, [Mr. LAMAR,] who has a philosopbicnl, specu- 1\lr. HILL. I do not know what he wants to print. lative mind, and has human sympathies; who sees the wrong and .Mr. COX. Let him print them; and I ask to print a report in an- infamy of these thin~R-[here the hammer fell]-1 charge upon swer to the gentleman a.a to the outrages and bad conduct there in that gentleman, who nas been twice chosen by his constitue-nts a South Carolina. Representative in this House, and has been further indorsed by lli. KASSON. What date f election to a seat in the Senate-I charge upon him the responsibility, Mr. CONGER. I object. not of the acts themselves, but of putting a stop to these things .Mr. COX. Then I object to any other printing. in his State. I charge upon the gentleman from Georgia [Mr. HART- Mr. KASSON. That is all right. RIDGE] that he and his associates must stop them there. [Here the Mr. CONGER. The gentleman has printed thousands of pages hammer again fell.] I charge upon the leaders of the dominant party that way. in all the Southern States that they muststopthesemurders. [Cries Mr. COX. I am not accountable to the gentleman from Michigan of "Order!"] for anything I print. . Mr. LAMAR. I have discharged my responsibility in part by de- Mr. GARFIELD. I hope the gentleman from South Carolina will feating the authors of such disorders in my State. be allowed to print the extracts he refers to. Mr. MACKEY, of South Carolina. .Mr. Chairman, in connection Mr. COX. I object. with the subject now under discussion the gentleman from New York :Mr. HANCOCK. I wish to move a substitute for the pending amend- [Mr. Cox] has seen fit to denounce South Carolina as one of the ment. worst-governed States in the Union. For this a-ssertion there is no l\lr. CONGER. Have the twenty-five minutes allowed for debate foundation whatever, and instead of Sooth Carolina being badly gov- expired f erned at present she has a better ~overnment to-day than she bas bad The CHAIRMAN. There have been five speeches of five minutes for years. I would like to remmd the gentleman of this fact, of each. which he seems to be entirelyi~norant, that to-day the only question Mr. CONGER. But five minutes were given to the gentleman from dividing the democracy of Soutn Carolina is whether or not they shall Mississippi. nominate as their candidate the man who is now the republican gov- The CHAIRMAN. That was part of the twenty-five minuteR, as ernor of our State. If tl:te present government of South Carolina is the Chair understood. so bad ap.d corrupt, why are the democrats discussing the propriety Mr. HOGE. I ask to be beard on this question. of making the head of that government their candidate in the next Several members objected. election f It is an indisputable fact that should Governor Chamber- Mr. HOGE. I have no doubt you object. lain again be the nominee of the republican party he will receive .Mr. CONGER. I rise to$\ point of order. hundreds of democratic votes. Many of the leading democrats in the Mr. COX. I withdraw my objection to the gentleman from South State know this, and hence they argue that it would be inexpedient Carolina printing his extracts. · • to nominate a democratic candidate should Chamberlain receive the Mr. CONGER. Then I withdraw my objection to the gentleman republican nomination. At one time the State government of South from New York printing. Carolina may have been exceedingly bad, but such is not the present Mr. HILL. I wish to say a word to the Honse. This whole mat condition of affairs. Taxes have been reduced, assessments lowered, ter is being investigated by a coroner's inquest. It will be judicial, corrupt officials removed, and numerous reforms inaugurated, and the and I do not tbi!lk anythiog ought to be printed until then. Wait vast improvement in the government is fully recognized by two-thirds for the facts. Get the facts and print them, but do not print speeches of the democratic papers in the State. Quotations from Pike's Pros- in advance. t.rate State have no application whatever to the present condition of Mr. CONGER. The point I make is that I am under the impres- affair8 in our State. This much I have deemed it necessary to say in sion that but twenty minutes have been occupied. refutation of the assertion that South Carolina is to-day the worst- The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is willing to be governed by the com- governed State in the Union. mittee. In regard to the Hamburgh affair, I think no language too severe Mr. CONGER. My impression is that but four gentlemen have can be used in condemnation of it, and I am gratified to see that spoken under the extension of time. nearly every democratic paper in the State denounces it. But while Mr. EDEN. I object to debate. the democratic papers of South Carolina denounce this Hamburgh The CH.t...IR~!AN. The Chair's impression is that there have been affair aa a most brutal outrage it is rather surprising to find northern five speeches of five minutes ea~h. democrats attempting to palliate andexcuseit. Even admitting that Mr. MACKEY, of South Carolina. I desire to know if there is ob- South Carolina is badly governed, it is no excuse whatever for such jection to my request to print certain extracts T acts of brutality. Really this whole affair is so revolting that I do Mr. COX. I make no objection if I am permitted to print a report not believe the people of South Carolina will thank any gentleman from a committee of this House. here or elsewhere for making any defense of it for a defense of this Mr. HILL. I object to all this printing, and I did so a few mo. affair almost involves an appro.val of it, and 'r cannot believe that ments ago. I object because nothing should be printed upon this the people of South Carolina approve of such barbarity. subject which is not official. All these prejudgments are improper. That pnrticu1ar section of the State where this affair occurred has The CHAIRMAN. Objection being made to the printing, leave is for years, in my opinion, been a disgrace to the' State of South Ca.ro- not granted. lina. Ever since the WM that region appears to have been infested Mr. FOSTER. I desired to submit some remarks on the question with a gang of desperadoes who upon the slightest provocation mur- which has jnst now been under discussion, but did not find an oppor der a man with as much coolness as if they were killing a wild boar. tnnityto do so in the time allowed for debate. I ask unanimous con Even the murder of white men by white men is not an uncommon sent of the House to print some remarks as a part of the debates. occurrence there, and it is looked upon by the rest of the State as Mr. SHEAKLEY. I object. 1876. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 4713 Mr. FOSTER. We can speak on the next section jllSt as well as Rio Grande, and use such means as they may find necessary for recovering the on this. It would be a saving of time to give leave to print. stolen property and checking the raids, guarding, however, in all cases against any Mr. HANCOCK. I send to the desk what I offer as a substitute for unnecessary injury to peaceable inhabitants of Mexico. the amendment of the gentleman from South Carolina. 1\Ir. HOGE. I move to strike out the last word. The Clerk read as follows : Mr. Chairman, in rising to speak upon this question I will say that Provilkd, That no part of the troops provided for by this resolution shall be t.