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Boyer Chute National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Fort Boyer Chute National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Fort Calhoun, Nebraska Fiscal Year 2001 Boyer Chute National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Fort Calhoun, Nebraska Fiscal Year 2001 Refuge Supervisor Date Table of Contents Introduction iii Highlights v Monitoring and Studies la. Surveys and Censuses 1 lb. Studies and Investigations 2 1 c. Climate Data 2 Habitat Restoration 2a. Wetland Restoration 4 2b. Upland Restoration 4 2c. Riverine Restoration Nothing to Report 2d. Deepwater/Coral Reef Restoration Nothing to Report Habitat Management 3a. Water Level Management Nothing to Report 3b. Moist Soil Management Nothing to Report 3c. Graze/Mow/Hay 8 3d. Farming 8 3e. Forest Management Nothing to Report 3f. Fire Management 9 3g. Pest Plant Control 9 Fish and Wildlife Management 4a. Bird Banding 11 4b. Disease Monitoring and Treatment 11 4c. Reintroductions Nothing to Report 4d. Nest Structures 11 4e. Pest, Predator, and Exotic Animal Control Nothing to Report Coordination Activities 5a. Interagency Coordination 12 5b. Tribal Coordination Nothing to Report 5c. Private Land Activities (excluding restoration) 12 5d. Cooperating Associations Nothing to Report i Resource Protection 6a. Law Enforcement 13 6b Permits and Economic Use Management 14 6c. Contaminant Investigations Nothing to Report 6d. Contaminant Cleanup Nothing to Report 6e. Water Rights Management Nothing to Report 6f. Cultural Resource Management Nothing to Report 6g. Land Acquisition Support 14 Public Education and Recreation 7a. Provide Visitor Services 15 7b. Outreach 18 Planning and Administration 8a. Comprehensive Conservation Planning Nothing to Report 8b. General Administration 19 8c. General Maintenance 20 8d. Safety 23 8e. Compliance Nothing to Report ii Introduction Boyer Chute National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) lies three miles east of the farming community of Fort Calhoun, Nebraska. The current refuge boundary is situated west and alongside the Missouri River in Washington County, 10 miles north of Omaha, Nebraska. The authorized acquisition boundary is astride the Missouri River in Pottawattamie County, Iowa and Washington County, Nebraska. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) established the refuge on August 11, 1992 to preserve and restore Missouri River habitats commonly found prior to channelization and diking. The Fish and Wildlife Act and the Emergency Wetland Resource Act authorized acquisition. The refuge serves as a seasonal resting area for waterfowl, nesting area for a variety of migratory grassland, wet meadow and wetland dependent birds, habitat for various endangered species, and is year round home for many resident wildlife species. This 3,143-acre refuge lies in the wide, fertile flood plain of the Missouri River Valley on former river meanders. The refuge will encompass almost 10,000 acres when acquisition from willing sellers is complete. It will connect DeSoto NWR and Wilson Island State Park to the north with the Neale Woods Nature Center to the south. More than 600 acres of cottonwood bottomlands and 200 acres of restored wetlands and riverine habitats characterize portions of the refuge. Approximately 404 acres are temporarily managed as croplands while 1,500 acres of tallgrass prairie and wet meadows have been restored or preserved. The focal point for both man and wildlife is Boyer Chute, a restored side-channel of the Missouri river. The refuge promotes recreational activities including fishing, picnicking, hiking, interpretation, wildlife viewing and photography. hi Boyer Chute National Wildlife Refuge 51 —3 AV1 fV -K-| p"~ Land Use I 1 Aquatic I I Acquisition Boundary HH Timber I I FWS Fee Title N Grass 1 Crop 3 Natural Reversion IBuilding Sites W iv Highlights Monitoring and Studies • A fish survey was completed for the Nathan's Lake basin by staff from the Columbia Fisheries Resources Office, Columbia, Missouri Habitat Restoration • Three hundred twenty one acres of tallgrass prairie were restored on the refuge. Interagency Coordination • Partnering between the refuge, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), and non governmental organizations continues to be an important and productive relationship for land acquisition and habitat restoration within the refuge. Law Enforcement • A stolen vehicle, which was ditched in the main-channel of Boyer Chute, was recovered with the assistance of the Washington Co. Sheriff and the Ft. Calhoun Fire Department. Land Acquisition • Four properties totaling 107.9 acres were acquired this fiscal year. V > 1 Monitoring and Studies la Surveys and Censuses The Christmas Bird Count (Boyer Chute Quadrant), was conducted on Dec. 17, 2000. The Audubon Society (Omaha Chapter), were the primary participants, with several other volunteers and refuge staff involved. A total of 475 individual birds were counted, with 28 species represented. An aerial deer count was conducted at Boyer Chute in Februaiy, 2001. Staff from DeSoto NWR conducted the count in conjunction with their own deer count. Regional Pilot Bob Foster (R3), flew the plane in several passes over Boyer Chute, and approximately 170 white-tail deer were counted. There was good snow cover on the Refuge, which improved the visibility for conducting the count. The 1999 aerial count observed 95 individuals, and the first aerial count in 1997 showed approximately 50 individual deer. The Spring Bird Count was conducted on May 5, 2001 with four members of the Audubon Society, and ROS Ellis in attendance. Despite heavy rain in the morning, the weather improved, and the count was a success. There were 816 total individuals counted, with 78 bird species represented. A fisheries study was continued by Larry Hesse of River Ecosystems, Inc. at Boyer Chute, and various other sites on the Missouri River. Electrofishing done at Boyer Chute in Spring 2001, resulted in twelve fish captured representing 6 species. In the 74 minute run, the six species sampled were goldeye, shortnose gar, flathead catfish, sturgeon, paddlefish and common carp. On July 16 & 17, Mr. Hesse sampled Boyer Chute with 1.5 inch mesh winged trapnets. Three traps were set, with three fish captured including sturgeon (assumed shovelnose), river carpsucker, and flathead catfish. The Columbia Fisheries Resources Office (Columbia, MO.), conducted a Fish Survey at Nathan's Lake, a 50-acre shallow lake in the Boyer Chute acquisition area, during June 2001. Fisheries Technicians Corey Lee, and William Davison spent several days sampling the lake, using four types of nets and seins. The survey was conducted to determine the potential for fish reproduction and recruitment in the newly restored lake. The lake's connectivity with the Missouri River via a three-way water control structure on Deer Creek adds a new dimension to the Boyer Chute Project, and this survey provided an initial inventory and characterization of the fish species present. A total of 5,320 fish were captured representing 14 species. Bigmouth buffalo comprised 71% of total fish captured, followed by the common carp at 17%. Small numbers of game-fish were caught (each < 5% of total) including black crappie, white crappie, bluegill and channel catfish. The results of this fish survey are very encouraging for both this project, and future floodplain projects. The Nathan's Lake basin was completely dry during the 1 > • lake restoration project. However, upon high river stages several months later, these fish species had traversed up Deer Creek, and entered the lake through the three-way water control structure, lb Studies and Investigations Since 1988, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District (PMNRD), has collected ground-water and soil samples at Boyer Chute NWR. Ground-water samples have been analyzed for nitrates on a monthly to bi-monthly schedule since 1999. Results for 2001 indicated nitrate levels of <.05 mg/1 for each of the deep, medium, and shallow well depths. lc Climate Data The high temperature for the year was 97° F on August 6. The low temperature for the year was - 11° F on December 23. Temperatures were below normal from October through January. December average temperature was much below normal. A 23-day period from December 11 to January 2 was brutal when daily high temperatures averaged 14° F and daily low temperatures averaged -1° F. Temperatures during the remaining months were normal to above normal. A killing frost (28° F or less) occurred October 8 which is normal. The late fall and winter months were colder than normal, and the spring and summer months were typical, warm and humid. The refuge received above normal (116%) annual precipitation (Table lc.1). Precipitation was above normal from October through February. This winter produced more snow than in several years. The first significant snowfall occurred on December 16. After that, snow covered the ground continually through Februaiy which is very unusual. March and April rainfall was slightly below normal. Rainfall was above normal again from May through July accounting for 57% of the year's total rainfall with May producing 9.57 inches. Rainfall became scarce after July 12 and remained below normal through September. Crops entered the 2001 crop season with much below normal subsoil moisture. This was a decisive factor during the last two months of the season. Rainfall was much above normal during the first half of the crop season, but the faucet turned to a dribble after July 12 and both com and soybean crop yields suffered. This was predictable. Rainfall in August is critical to produce above average crop yields. It is particularly important when the crop season starts with below normal subsoil moisture. This subsoil moisture deficit was complicated by the above normal rainfall early in the crop season which encouraged a shallow rooting pattern. This limited crop access to the already deficient subsoil moisture during the critical August period. The above normal rainfall during May and June did not significantly interfere with field operations for restoring tallgrass prairies. Major rainfall events were spaced far enough apart that field operations were delayed only a few days.
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