FRAM – High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment

Scientific flagship programme 2011 – 2015

Climate Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems, Landscapes, Societies and Indigenous people

By the flagship members

edited by Rolf A. Ims and Torkild Tveraa

Institutions in the Fram Centre: ApN: Akvaplan-NIVA Inc.; Bioforsk: Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research; CICERO: Center for International Climate and Environmental Research – Oslo; IMR: Institute of Marine Research; NCA: Norwegian Coastal Administration; NGU: Geological Survey of Norway; NINA: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research; NIKU: The Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research; NILU: Norwegian Institute for Air Research; NIVA: Norwegian Institute for Water Research; Nofima: The Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research; NMA: Norwegian Mapping Authority; NORUT: Northern Research Institute; NPI: Norwegian Polar Institute; NRPA: Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority; NVH: Norwegian School of Veterinary Science; SINTEF: The Company for Industrial and Technological Research; UiT: University of Tromsø; UNIS: The University Centre in Svalbard; NVI: Norwegian Veterinary Institute 1. Introduction The science plan of the Terrestrial Flagship will focus on the recent rapid socio-ecological changes occurring in northerly regions, and will involve cross-cutting interdisciplinary research into climate effects on both natural and human systems. The recent persistent warming has caused dramatic changes in terrestrial arctic and sub-arctic regions, with continued loss of ice sheet and glacier mass, reduced snow extent and duration, increasing permafrost temperatures and a general “greening” of the Arctic (ACIA 2005, Serreze et al. 2007, 2009, Stroeve et al. 2008, SWIPA, 2011). The numerous ecosystem changes at high latitudes include the ravaging of sub-arctic forests by insect pest outbreaks (Sturm 2010) as well as the degradation of arctic tundra by erosion, increased runoff from land to water systems, and the encroachment by tall shrubs and trees into tundra landscapes which combine to shrink the areal extent of the biome (ACIA 2005). The functioning and biodiversity of tundra ecosystems, and their associated limnic ecosystems systems, is also impacted by changes in the cryosphere, although the precise implications of this are unclear as yet (Post et al. 2009). Endemic arctic species that have essential food web functions, as well as being highly valued by northern people, both as natural resources and as cultural icons, are already declining (McRae et al. 2010). At the same time, invasive species from the south are expanding into the high north (Chen et al. 2011). Recent rigorous scientific assessments of these changes, such as the Arctic Human Development Report (AHDR 2004); Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA 2005), Millenium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA 2005); IPCC (2007), NorACIA (Øseth 2010) and the forthcoming Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA 2011) all draw compelling links to climate warming as the main cause. The serious implications of further warming of the Arctic mean that both ecosystems, and the people depending on them, face great challenges. The livelihoods and culture of northerly peoples are closely adapted to the natural world, and form an important basis for their general identity. Furthermore, climate changes at high latitudes have consequences far beyond the Arctic regions. Climate-induced changes in arctic ecosystems and landscapes feed back to the global climate system so as to accelerate warming at the global scale (Chapin et al. 2005, Swan et al. 2010, Schuur and Abbot 2011). A key message from scientists at the close of the International Polar Year (IPY) is that there are still crucial gaps in our understanding of the connections between climate change and the responses of ecosystems and human society (Post et al. 2009). One underlying reason for this is that basic understanding of the functioning of arctic ecosystems is limited. This constrains the ability to predict ecosystem resilience to external forcing, and thus to distinguish “normal” ecosystem dynamics from new states induced by climate change. A further important factor is that there is an urgent need to improve the ability to empirically document changes. This applies to both those changes that may be predicted by models and scenarios, as well as the surprises that arise from extreme events (pulses) or gradual climate change (presses) pushing non-linear ecological systems beyond tipping points. These challenges will best be met by establishing adaptive long-term monitoring systems (observatories). The design and implementation of these should be guided by robust models of system-functioning and state-of-the-art measurement technologies (Lindenmayer and Likens 2009, 2010). A third factor is that there is still limited knowledge concerning the combined impacts of climate and ecosystem changes on societies of the high north. There are a number of studies that have examined human adaptation to natural climate- and ecosystem-variations in the past (see e.g., Pfister and Brázdil 1999; Wigley et al. 1981, Ogilvie et al. 2009). However, although studies have also been undertaken regarding present- day climate impacts on societies and cultures (see e.g., Huntington et al. 2001, 2003, Gearheard et al. 2006, Hovelsrud and Smit 2010, Krupnik et al. 2010) much further research is required in order to establish to what extent future climatic and ecosystem regimes will require adaptations that are quite different from those used in the past. A further crucial element is that in order to identify valid options for mitigating and adapting to climate-change impacts in the context of management and governance systems, and for societies to be able to act on predictions and observations of climate impacts on

1 socio-ecological systems (see, e.g., Berkes and Folke 1998, Berkes et al. 2003) there is an urgent need for improved understanding of how management regimes work at different decision levels. The Terrestrial Flagship of the Fram Centre has as its mandate and primary goal to accept the key challenges to high-latitude climate-impact research detailed above, and, on the basis of high- quality cross-disciplinary research, to become an internationally-recognized leader in this field. This aim will be accomplished by excellence in research on: climate impacts on high latitude socio- ecological systems in order to advise policy makers, management bodies, local inhabitants, and other stakeholders as to how climate change and its associated impacts could be met by means of adaptations and mitigations. These tasks call for both a great deal of diversity and breadth in scientific approaches (Lindenmayer et al. 2010). We need to conduct path breaking natural and social science studies that allows for a deeper understanding of the functioning of northern nature and culture. Such basic disciplinary research will in turn provide robust foundations for projects with applied scopes and cross-disciplinary protocols. Finally, the applied research programs need to establish tight links between science and its users such as policy makers, managers, stakeholders and the interested general public. For this to be achieved outreach strategies must be developed and implemented.

2. Goals 2.1 Primary goal The flagship shall advance and build on scientific competence and collaboration within the Fram Centre in order to establish a dynamic programme that facilitates new knowledge concerning climate impacts on socio-ecological systems with a focus on high-latitude landscapes.

2.2 Secondary goals • The flagship shall identify climate-induced changes regarding vulnerable and essential aspects of high-latitude ecosystems, such as key ecosystem functions and services and arctic biodiversity, • develop knowledge and information concerning human vulnerability, resilience, sustainability and adaptive capacity in the context of climate change in the circumpolar north, • establish how governance and management regimes at different levels of organization can increase the adaptive capacity and resilience of high latitude socio-ecological systems, • develop theoretical and methodological approaches that facilitates cross-disciplinary research on socio-ecological responses to climate change in high latitude landscapes, and • strengthen the empirical basis for prediction and detection of climate-induced changes by developing and implementing adaptive monitoring-systems (observatories) in the Norwegian Arctic.

3. Deliverables Terrestrial Flagship research will be useful to local communities, management bodies, and other stakeholders for example by elucidating how provisional ecosystem services such as fish, game, livestock, and agricultural and land-use products will be impacted by climate change, and by exploring how prudent management strategies could potentially adapt to or mitigate such impacts. The Flagship will work with communities, management agencies, and other stakeholders and will establish a close dialogue in order to inform them of research results. This will include the identification of crucial trends and drivers regarding vulnerable northern socio-cultural values, arctic species and ecosystems. A major emphasis will be placed on the dissemination of all research results to a wide variety of audiences including researchers, management bodies, students at all levels, others stakeholders, and, in particular, the local communities to be studied. In this regard, it may be noted that arctic wildlife in particular may have a significant role to play in raising awareness of environmental issues and thus could potentially act as “flagship species” (sensu IUCN 2009) in order to help to raise public interest and concerns regarding climate change and its impacts.

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The Terrestrial Flagship will play a critical role in the international arena for circumpolar environmental science by feeding robust scientific results into observatory networks such as Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CBMP 2011), and climate impact assessments such as Arctic Biodiversity Assessment (ABA) and the IPCC. Flagship scientists are already contributing to the planning and implementation of research and monitoring networks in the terrestrial Arctic and acting as lead authors of critical assessments.

4. Priority of Research As outlined above, the goals of the Flagship are mandated to be broad, and encompass a diversity of approaches on issues concerning how climate change impacts both ecosystems and human societies in high latitude landscapes (Fig.1). The Flagship should thus be capable of hosting projects that span the entire disciplinary axis, from natural sciences studies on ecosystem responses, to social science studies addressing the adaptations of societies. However, whenever feasible, the Flagship will strive to apply cross-disciplinary approaches that can elucidate how a wide variety of socio-ecological systems respond and adapt to climate change. Currently, one year since the Flagship was launched; five specific scientific themes have been developed within the Flagship’s domain. In this plan they are organized as work packages (WPs). The WPs are typically extensions of externally-funded projects directed by Flagship members at the time of the launch of the Flagship. The WPs provide a broad and natural fit within the general scientific scheme of the Flagship mandate (Fig. 1) with an emphasis on cross-disciplinary research (Fig. 1). The WPs thus provide excellent points of departure for further development of the Flagship. The scientific context, approaches and competence of the individual WPs are described below.

WP 5 Climate Impact Observation systems Climate change

WP 2 k F WP 2 g c F o WP 3 in a e r WP 3 c c Changing seasonality r b WP 4 e i Changing seasonality d WP 4 d n Adaptive capacity o g patterns and extreme F e Adaptive management b patterns and extreme e Adaptive management a in local communities F c climate events of ecosystem services k and among indigenous people and among indigenous people

Ecosystems Services Society •Functions Management •Indigenous people •Biological diversity •Cultural heritage

High latitude landscape template

WP 1 Vegetation change and herbivore management

Figure 1. The scientific scheme of the Flagship programme. Ecosystems and society form an interlinked socio-ecological system imbedded in high-latitude (sub-arctic and arctic) landscapes. Climate-change impacts on this system are studied by means of 5 work packages (WP1-5) that distribute themselves on a disciplinary axis which is dominated by natural-science oriented ecosystem studies (e.g. Ecological effects of seasonality patterns and climate extremes and Vegetation change) on the left, and mainly social-science studies (adaptive capacities in local communities) on the right-hand side of the scheme. Work packages with strong components of cross-disciplinary approaches are placed in the centre.

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WP1. Vegetation Change and Management of Herbivores Context: Vegetation changes in northern biomes are among the most extensive indicators of climate change with feedbacks to regional and global climate regulation. Northward shifts in vegetation zonation, increased productivity (greening) of the tundra biome, and decreased productivity and die- off (browning) of boreal forests have been linked to climate change (Sturm 2010). The cascading effects of such vegetation changes have implications for ecosystem integrity and ecosystem services. Studies of climatic and biotic drivers of vegetation change and related soil processes, in addition to the coupling of these processes to the limnic environment (Post et al. 2009), are thus in the forefront of international research on the effects of climate change for the global environment. Herbivores, including domestic, semi-domestic and wild grazers/browsers, as well as defoliating and tree-killing insects, are key biotic drivers of vegetation change in northern regions. For this reason, the role of herbivores in ecosystem functioning, and the climatic controls of herbivore-population dynamics receive considerable international attention, although their importance is often understated. Through their control on vegetation, herbivores can potentially mitigate shrub and forest encroachment of tundra, enhance growth of palatable plants and hence serve as ‘ecological engineers’ through rational management. However, herbivores are themselves prone to climate-induced shifts in population dynamics (WP2), which complicates the issue. The Flagship has highly relevant cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional competence that will form a platform for current and future research on vegetation changes and adaptive management of herbivores. WP1 members Norut, UiT and NINA are partners of the Nordic Centre of Excellence (NCoE): How to preserve the tundra in a changing climate where the focus is on the mitigating effects of herbivore management on tree/shrub encroachment of tundra areas. The NCoE provides a valuable point of departure for further work within the WP1. Moreover, the circumpolar project TUNDRA run by UiT and NINA, that focuses on the socio-ecological contexts of grazing herbivores as key arctic ecosystem services, provides a tight link to WP4 within the Flagship. Finally, Bioforsk is a partner in the project Quality goat milk for cheese production that explores pasture use and production provided by domestic grazers in sub-arctic landscapes. Approaches and Methods: Research in WP1 will involve innovative combinations of pattern-oriented analyses of data from: state-of-the-art remote sensing techniques; data collected in targeted field surveys along climatic and grazing gradients; and data from process-oriented experimental or quasi- experimental studies. We will focus on: herbivore effects on vegetation-succession trajectories; cascading impact on plant based food webs; soils processes; and terrestrial arctic and subarctic biodiversity (cf. CBMP 2011). Through cross-disciplinary research to explore the potential for developing adaptive herbivore management strategies that can mitigate vegetation changes that have positive feedback effects on regional and global climate. Flagship Competence: The joint competence of the WP1 members constitutes an excellent basis for achievements in the described areas of research. Researchers from NINA and UiT have collaborated in studies related to herbivore life history and population dynamics including effects of climate and environmental stochasticity which links to WP1 (Aanes et al. 2002, Bårdsen et al. 2011), ecosystem effects and grazing-induced trophic cascades (Ims et al. 2007) and climate controls of insect pest outbreaks and related damage patterns of sub-arctic forests (Jepsen et al. 2011). NINA and Norut provide complementary competence in mapping and change analysis of vegetation and snow, including use of traditional knowledge in climate-change studies (Riseth et al. 2011), as well as grazing effects coupling remote sensing imagery and field surveys (Tømmervik et al. 2009, Solberg et al. 2010). UiT, NINA and Bioforsk Nord provide expertise in climate effects on vegetation (Bjerke et al. 2011, Cooper et al. 2011, Jørgensen et al. 2010) and UiT and NINA on feedback processes of the vegetation to climate (Bokhorst et al. 2011, Wookey et al. 2009) and on how vegetation greening affects large herbivore demography and population dynamics (Bårdsen and Tveraa in press). UNIS provides expertise on soil invertebrates and molecular ecology of arctic plants, and Bioforsk Nord on grazing-induced changes in soil properties, and on forage quality and productivity measures of domestic herbivores in forest and mountain range pastures (Uhlig & Zink 2006, Lind et al. 2009). 4

WP2. Effects of Changing Seasonality Patterns and Extreme Events Context: Climate change in the Arctic is expected to alter the climatic parameters of each season, season length, and the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events (ECEs). Such changes may have strong effects on key species and their ecosystem functions and services. Abrupt changes can also be mediated by biological invasions of southern species (Chen et al. 2011). WP2 will investigate the degree of vulnerability/resilience of terrestrial and limnic arctic species, biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services regarding both gradual and abrupt climate changes. Important research foci include possible ecosystem-regime shifts caused by rapid-species invasions, including the spread of insect pests (cf. WP1), zoonoses, and other infectious agents facilitated by a warmer climate, as well as by changes in the frequency of ECEs, such as warm spells in the winter, increased storm activity, extreme precipitation, flooding events and droughts, and also through changes in snow and ice cover. WP2 will also include the impact of ECEs on exposed cultural heritage sites. WP2 researchers lead/participate in 3 externally-financed projects through the RCN. NINA as PI, in partnership with Norut, Bioforsk and UiT, has just secured a grant for the project EWWA: Extreme winter warming in the High North and its biological effects in the past, present and future. Bioforsk participates in VarClim: Understanding the genetic and physiological basis for adaption of Norwegian perennial forage crops to future climates, while NINA and NP are partners of REINCLIM: Predicting effects of climate change on Svalbard reindeer population dynamics: a mechanistic approach. Approaches and Methods: WP 2 will generate and analyze space- and time-domain data of relevant climate parameters, and sensitive ecosystem variables to investigate whether key species exhibit sufficient physiological, behavioural and demographic plasticity to meet abrupt and gradual changes. Field- and laboratory climate-simulation approaches will test mechanistically species-resilience, and will be combined with modelling to deduce expected long-term and ecosystem-level effects. We will employ new technology to interface geophysical and biology disciplines to identify biologically relevant characteristics of snow and ice, and also include traditional ecological knowledge (TEK); linking to WP 3. Linking the expertise of WP2 with WPs 4 and 5 will allow for the exploration of adaptive-management actions that may decrease the vulnerability of ecosystem services to changing seasonality patterns and ECEs. GIS (PGIS), databases, satellite imagery, and field work, will be used to develop protocols for documentation, monitoring and vulnerability assessments of cultural heritage. Flagship competence: Proper targeting of scientific questions within WP2 will be undertaken by the highly competent WP2 research team. NINA, UiT, Bioforsk, NP, NORUT, Akvaplan-NIVA and UNIS all conduct climate-ecological research on all levels of organization; from ecosystems (Ims and Fuglei 2005; Amundsen et al. 2009) and communities (Primicerio et al. 2007; VanGeest et al. 2007), through population dynamics (Henden et al. 2009; Eide et al. in press;) to behavioural (Tombre et al. 2008; Stien et al. 2010), life history (Godiksen et al. in press) and physiological/phenological responses of individuals (Fuglei & Øritsland 1999; Bokhorst et al. 2011). Approaches to the climate- ecological research involve experimental simulations of the effects of ECEs and variable season length on natural vegetation (Bjerke 2011, Bjerke et al., 2011, Cooper et al. 2011) and crop plants (Mølmann et al 2006, Jørgensen et al. 2010), effects of environmental stochasticity on life-history tactics (Bårdsen et al. 2008), time series analysis (Tveraa et al. 2007) and modelling of population dynamics (Bårdsen et al. 2011), and finally, remote sensing studies of vegetation phenology, biomass and composition (Karlsen et al. 2007, 2009; Bokhorst et al. 2009; Tømmervik et al. 2009). Flagship personnel (NORUT, NP) have expertise in measurements and modelling of snowpack characteristics of relevance to biological phenomena under climate change, including ECEs (Kohler & Aanes 2004; Kohler et al. 2006; Storvold et al. 2006; Hansen et al. 2011), as well as applying TEK (Riseth et al. 2011a, b). Potential climate-induced biological invasions are addressed by NVH, VI, NINA, NP, UiT and include zoonotic and infectious agents (Fuglei et al. 2008; Godfroid et al. 2011 Tryland et al. in press) and insect pests (Hagen et al. 2007; Jepsen et al. 2011;). Finally, NIKU, in collaboration with NINA, has developed protocols based on remote sensing to detect climate-related changes of cultural heritage (Barlindhaug et al. 2007; Tømmervik et al. 2010).

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WP 3. Adaptive Capacity in Local Communities and among Indigenous Peoples Context: Climatic changes, in combination with socio-ecological changes, will bring unprecedented challenges, as well as opportunities, for local communities, stakeholders, and indigenous peoples in northern regions (AHDR 2004; ACIA 2005). Research suggests that it is not necessarily changes in climate alone that will cause the greatest difficulties; rather it is when such changes occur in combination with other societal changes, for example: increased integration in global markets; migration; degradation of infrastructures; and reduced flexibility regarding traditional economic practices (Arctic Report Card 2011). It is now widely recognized that there is an urgent need for better and more integrated knowledge of the social, economic and environmental conditions that underpin vulnerability to climate change at local levels. The overall objective of WP3 is to increase knowledge concerning the consequences of changes in climate for northerly societies, with a special focus on connecting and integrating socio-ecological changes (see e.g., Berkes et al. 2003). A further research goal is to understand present and potential future linkages between climate processes and social adaptations. In particular, we will analyse how climatic and other ecological changes, in combination with socio-economic changes, and questions of governance, affect issues such as: settlement patterns; landscape changes; ecosystem changes; farming practices; tourism; outdoor recreation; and changes in reindeer-herding practices, as well as specific effects on indigenous peoples. WP3 member CICERO has received funding from the Research Council of Norway for the NORKLIMA project Critical Aspects of Adaptive Capacity to Climate Change in the Northern Regions. This project will involve collaboration with WP3. A further point of note is that the local county council (Troms Fylkeskommune) is keen to work with WP3 regarding mutual interests concerning climate and land- use changes. Approaches and methods: The research is highly interdisciplinary, and will use tools and methods from: climatology, ecology, ethnobotany, anthropology, human geography, history, archaeology, economics, linguistics and political science, as well as contemporary Arctic studies. Although the main emphasis of the project is on present-day issues, we will be able to draw on climatic, cultural, natural science and social data from the recent and historical past in order to provide a context for our studies. Ethnographic research methods and risk assessments in local communities will also be used in order to acquire contemporary data related to questions of sustainability, adaptability and vulnerability. Flagship competence: An excellent team with a wide variety of complementary research interests in both the natural and social sciences has been assembled for WP3. Team members have experience with a number of interdisciplinary studies focusing on the reconstruction of climate and sea-ice records (Ogilvie and Jónsson 2001; Nordli et al., 2007a,b; Ogilvie 2010) and also climate impact and human-dimensions studies (Ogilvie and McGovern 2000; Ogilvie and Jónsdóttir 2000; Huntington et al. 2007). In addition to this, the team can draw on expertise in a number of disciplines related to the role of humans in the environment. These include: human ecology; ethnobotany; cultural history; cultural heritage management; and phenological and ecosystem research (Næss et al. 2009; Næss and Bårdsen 2010; Bjerke et al. 2011; Bjørklund and Eythorsson 2011). One particular focus of the team is on the use of the integration of indigenous and traditional ecological knowledge with natural science data (see, e.g., Ogilvie 2005; Eythorsson 2011; Riseth et al. 2011a, b). A further focus is on: land-use practices; pastoralism; transhumance; and reindeer herding (Ogilvie 2001, 2008; Myrvoll 2004; Tømmervik et al. 2010; Næss et al. 2011). A particular strength of the WP3 team is their work on studies of adaptability, sustainability, vulnerability and resilience in northerly regions (see, e.g. Ogilvie, 2003; Amundsen et al. 2010; Hovelsrud and Smit 2011).

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WP 4. Adaptive Management of Ecosystem Services Context: Ecosystem services (ES) describe the benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, as well as the capacity of ecosystems to produce such benefits (Norgaard 2010). Arctic climate change alters the delivery of ES. To make decisions and adapt to climatic changes involves assessing tradeoffs between different bundles of ES (Raussepp-Herne et al. 2010). WP4 will contribute to the scientific understanding of such tradeoffs, and how they are likely to change in a warming arctic. Water quality and food security are traditional ES for resource-dependent Arctic communities, and marketable products, recreation and tourism may increasingly provide additional dimensions to ES. ‘Adaptive management’ (Holling 1978) and the derived concepts ‘adaptive governance’ (Folke et al. 2005), ‘co- management’ (Armitage et al. 2008) and ‘monitoring’ (cf. WP5) are often used when considering uncertainty in delivery of ES under climatic change. However, before devising solutions there is a need to carefully analyze the relevant socio-ecological systems (SES) (Ostrom 2009). A multi-tier approach may be used to identify under what conditions different solutions are likely to succeed; however, environmental governance may also be analyzed in terms of fit, interplay and scale (Young et al. 2006). The WP4 hosts four RCN-funded projects that offer valuable points of departure for further work. Project TUNDRA investigates the use and management of bundles of ES as functions of environmental governance and drivers of change among administrative regions of circumpolar Arctic. Projects MIGRAPOP and GOOSEHUNT address management issues connected to crop damage inflicted by increasing populations of arctic geese resulting from climate change (Tombre et al. 2010). Project EWWA (see WP2) links to the domain of WP2 by applying TEK. Approaches and methods: WP4 is focused on final ecosystem services (i.e. goods and values), but relates to intermediate services/ecological processes in WP1 and 2. Social valuation is an inherent property of ES; research strategies need to combine mapping and modelling with analyses of beneficiaries of ES at multiple levels in SES (Diaz et al. 2011, Wallace 2007). Stepwise spatial modelling approaches (Poteete et al. 2010) are used to map and quantify tradeoffs within ES bundles, as well as between terrestrial and freshwater ES, and relate these to environmental governance and drivers. Remote sensing data (HR satellite imagery, LIDAR) are analyzed using landscape value weighting and PP-mapping that combine both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Adaptive co- management is explored by spatial ecological modelling, in combination with analyses of stakeholder involvement and adaptation (MIGRAPOP and GOOSEHUNT). Long-term series of natural science data can be combined with local and traditional knowledge both in lake-fish management (Person et al. 2007, Amundsen et al. 2007), and regarding climate change and reindeer herding (Myrvoll et al. in press). Retrospective analyses include past and present human adaption to landscape and resources, reflected in cultural-heritage sites and traditional knowledge [EWWA], also including the use of remote sensing (Tømmervik et al. 2010). The transdisciplinarity of WP4 also encompasses the consideration of policy-relevant questions as well as management actions. Flagship competence: The joint expertise of the WP4 members constitutes an excellent basis for achievements in the described areas of research. Researchers from UiT and NINA have collaborated in studying the effects of government policies on the management of Saami pastoral ecosystems in Arctic Norway (Hausner et al. 2011). In the multidisciplinary TUNDRA team social scientists (UiT, NIKU collaborate closely with ecologists, including using remote sensing (NINA, UiT), to quantitatively investigate how environmental governance systems and socio-economic conditions influence human impacts on ecosystems, and their services to resource-dependent communities. Within EWWA practical impacts of extreme weather events on reindeer pasturing will be assessed by combining scientific measurements with TEK observations (Riseth et al. 2011b). NINA and NORUT researchers will conduct field campaigns using natural and social science data in conjunction with interviewing herders regarding their adaptation strategies (Riseth et al. 2011a).

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WP 5. Climate Impact Observation Systems Context: The Arctic is the region where climate is expected to change most, but where the empirical basis for assessing climate change, and how the changes affect ecosystems and local people, is poorest. This is due to a sparse and fragmented monitoring activity in the Arctic. This has been repeatedly pointed out as a major concern of assessments such as the ACIA (2005), MEA (2005) and IPCC (2007). In order to evaluate the ongoing changes, understand their effects on ecosystems and societies, and propose mitigations and adaptations, there is an urgent need for effective and adaptive observation (monitoring) systems. Adaptive monitoring (AM; Lindenmayer and Likens 2009, 2010) is driven by research questions derived from conceptual models of socio-ecosystem functioning, employ robust and efficient designs, and are supported by flexible and effective statistical modelling frameworks. Long-term perspectives are needed, as is the ability to include technological innovations and changes in research questions as knowledge accumulates (NEON 2011). Furthermore, an observation system should be relevant to stakeholders, and be able to respond to a society’s desire for accurate and relevant information. To meet these requirements, there is a need for interdisciplinary approaches, and close integration of monitoring, research and management (LTER 2007). In this WP we will critically revise Arctic terrestrial and freshwater observation systems as well as develop and initiate new ones. The WP will be an interdisciplinary meeting point within the Flagship and will contribute with data and competence to the other WPs. Our vision is to promote the Fram Centre as a lead institution in the development of state-of-the art ecosystem-based observatories in the Arctic. WP 5 was initiated in 2011 when the Flagship was charged by the Ministry of Science to develop a science plan for the Climate Ecological Observatory for Arctic Tundra (COAT). Currently, 23 researchers from 6 institutions work on the plan, scheduled for implementation in 2013. COAT will first be established in the low-arctic Varanger Peninsula, and in high-arctic Svalbard, the latter in conjunction with the infrastructure of SIOS (Svalbard Integrated Arctic Earth Observing System). Internationally, COAT will link to CMBM (2008, 2011) and in particular develop specific partnerships with Canadian and Russian observatories initiated though the IPY-ArcticWolves program (Gauthier et al. 2011). WP5 also aims to develop similar activities in freshwater ecosystems, among which LIPA (Limnosystem Pasvik) is a candidate. WP5 will be closely integrated with the Fram PhD school AMINOR (see Section 7). AMINOR will represent a crucial educational component to WP5. Approaches and methods: We will adopt the paradigm of adaptive monitoring (AM), focusing on climate impacts, and apply mitigating-management actions whenever feasible. Model development is fundamental to the AM framework; to identify drivers of change and system functioning, as well as for directing monitoring designs. Different modelling approaches will be tailored to different observation systems. New technologies and approaches will be implemented when they become available. Finally, modern monitoring produces large and complex datasets as specific monitoring objects are often measured from different observation platforms on a range of temporal and spatial scales. New analytical approaches will be developed to assimilate, integrate and analyze such datasets. Competence: The WP5 PI has contributed to establishing ecological monitoring as a scientific discipline (Yoccoz et al. 2001). The planning of COAT has facilitated strong collaborative links between UiT, UNIS, NINA, NP and the Meteorological institute in Oslo. Collectively, WP5 partners posses all skills necessary for building pioneering ecosystem-based climate-impact observation systems (cf. Pennis 2010) in the arctic region: (1) extensive knowledge of the dynamics of northern ecosystems (Persson et al. 2007, Ims and Fuglei 2005); (2) modelling of climatic components of temporal (Hansen et al. 2011) and spatial ecological monitoring data (Hagen et al. 2008, Ims et al. 2011); and (3) quasi-experimental monitoring designs for quantifying the outcomes of management actions (Bråthen et al. 2007, Ims et al. 2007, Persson et al. 2007, Amundsen et al. 2009). WP members are well trained in using different observational platforms in climate research based on remote sensing (Jepsen et al. 2008, 2009) and field-based sampling (Hagen et al. 2008, Killengreen et al. 2011, Primicerio et al. 2007). The WP members also have considerable experience in including socio-economic variables in their time series analyses (Hausner et al. 2011, Næss et al. 2011). 8

5. Organisation of the Flagship Leadership and collaboration within the Fram centre: The leader of the Flagship is Rolf A. Ims of the Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø (UiT). The co-leader is Torkild Tveraa from the Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA). The five Flagship Work Packages each have two Principle Investigators from separate Fram Centre member institutions. Thus, the Flagship leadership is supported by a collegium of 10 PIs belonging to 6 Fram Centre institutions. In total, 11 institutions and about 80 researchers will contribute to the Flagship. From the description of the competence and projects within the WPs, it is evident that there already exists extensive collaboration between Flagship members. The Terrestrial Flagship will contribute conceptually to the other Flagships of the Fram Centre, in particular by addressing topics and developing approaches that are also relevant to marine systems as well to the impacts of contaminants. In particular, it may be noted that the topics developed in WPs 3,4 and 5 are not entirely “Flagship-specific”. Collaboration beyond the Fram Centre: Research projects within the WPs also have strong links to other national partners (i.e. beyond the Fram Centre members) in terms of Universities (UiO, UMB, NTNU) and colleges (HiF, HiH) and the Institute sector (Met.no). International partners are well represented in the externally funded projects of the WPs. Three Flagship institutions are members of a Nordic Centre of Excellence on climate adaptation research (see WP1). Moreover, membership of the Flagship’s researchers in expert groups hosted by the Arctic Council (CAFF-CBMP) and the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) contributes to developing strong links to research conducted in other regions of the circumpolar Arctic. It is also of considerable relevance that, as Norway possesses a well-developed terrestrial infrastructure as well as resident societies at high latitudes, both in its sub- and low-arctic mainland, as well as on high-arctic Svalbard, long-term research programmes can be efficiently maintained at low cost and with “few added footprints”. The Terrestrial Flagship will seek to exploit these assets of the Norwegian Arctic which also will provide useful platforms for collaboration with international colleagues. Cross-disciplinary research: Cross-disciplinary topics and approaches are already well-represented among the Flagship WPs (see section 4 and Fig. 1). The Flagship will continue to develop cross- disciplinary projects and approaches by means of its funding policy of prioritizing such projects. The WP structure of the Flagship will be dynamic; WPs may emerge, change or merge as new external projects become funded. The Flagship leaders will strategically seek to develop new approaches and partnerships among Flagship members by drawing attention to research and funding opportunities. Moreover, a careful balance should be achieved between in-depth basic and applied research that is focused on a single discipline, and broader holistic multi - and cross-disciplinary approaches.

6. Curriculum Vitae and Competence Short versions of CVs of Flagship leaders, WP-PIs and member institutions are provided in a separate attachment. Furthermore, the Flagship researchers’ competence in relation to the general science scheme (Fig. 1) and separate WPs of the flagship, as well as details of the ability to maintain successful research projects funded from external sources, are outlined in the WP-descriptions (section 4). From this it is evident that the Flagship contains highly skilled researchers with broad and relevant competence regarding the Flagship’s areas of expertise, also that they are highly competitive in terms of obtaining external funding, and that Flagship researchers publish extensively in the peer-reviewed international literature, including papers in high profile journals such as Nature, Science and PNAS. We see scopes and possibilities to develop the flagship further to host larger projects that embraces whole-system approaches to socio-ecological climate impact research in the high north.

7. Education: Contributions from the Flagship Graduate education will be facilitated by the extensive participation of the University of Tromsø (UiT) and the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) in the Flagship (see Institution CVs). This will provide

9 qualified supervision of individual Master and PhD students, as well as access to 4 graduate programs: (Northern Population and Ecosystems: Freshwater Ecology; Indigenous People Master programmes at UiT; and the Arctic Biology Programme at UNIS) with seminar and course curricula that will adapted to recruiting graduate students to the Flagship. Moreover, the Flagship leader and the PI and Co-PI of WP5 coordinates the development of the cross-disciplinary PhD school AMINOR (Advanced Environmental Monitoring in the North) scheduled to be launched in 2013.

8. Dissemination and Outreach The main dissemination of the research results from the flagship will be through papers published in the international scientific literature. It is expected that, as activities within the Terrestrial Flagship become consolidated over time, the number of publications with a cross-disciplinary scope will increase. However, as the mandate is to produce results that are useful to local communities, management agencies and other stakeholders it is vital to use time and resources to disseminate relevant results directly to such recipients. The establishment of stakeholder fora associated with Flagship projects is an efficient means of communicating and discussing results with users, and the Flagship is ready to actively support and maintain such fora. The Flagship research is expected to result in relevant and innovative research concerning the myriad of climate change impacts in the Terrestrial Arctic. Such findings deserve to a large audience. The Fram Centre’s outreach portal and its full-time information office will aid in establishing the appropriate media for outreach programmes with an emphasis on contributing to environmental literacy amongst the general public. Climate change is occurring now, but its impacts will affect future generations far more than the present one. For this reason, the Flagship will endeavour to disseminate its research to students at all levels. As an example of such outreach, in 2011 the Flagship facilitated the outreach project TUNDRA-schoolnet. This project, which involves school teachers at a variety of levels, has a circumpolar geographic scope which will produce educational materials which aim to increase school children’s awareness and knowledge of changes that are expected to take place in tundra ecosystems.

9. Budgets and Funding For 2011, Flagship funding was provided by: the Ministry of Environment (NOK 5.5 mill): the Ministry of Science (NOK 3 mill); and the University of Tromsø (NOK 0.6 mill); the two last earmarked to planning of Climate-ecological Observatory for Arctic Tundra (COAT) within WP5. In order to maintain the same level of funding for current activities the level of funding from the various Ministries would have to remain at the same level for 2012. For Flagship activity for WP1-4 it is anticipated that funding primarily must be obtained from ordinary research projects funded by the Norwegian Research Council, the Nordic Council, as well as EU-programmes and other external sources. Such externally funded projects are to be considered as core activities that the flagship will build on, for instance, by providing internal funding to bring more flagship researchers and competence into the projects. Flagship funding may also be used as an incentive in order to develop new project proposals within the WPs that can be expected to be competitive in obtaining further funding from external sources. Proposals that are cross-disciplinary and build collaboration between flagship institutions will be prioritized. In terms of funding, it may be noted that WP5 is in a different position to the other WPs. Long- term research on socio-ecological systems (the approach of WP5) is crucially important to climate- impact science (cf. LTER 2007) and hence to the present Flagship. However, such activities have a temporal scope that does not fit with the funding cycles of the programmes of research councils and other similar agencies. For this reason, particular strategic funding will be allotted to WP5 from the flagships budget.

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Young, O.R., Lambin, E.F., Alcock, F., Haberl, H., Karlsson, S.I., McConnell, W.J., Myint, T., Pahl-Wostl, C., Polsky, C., Ramakrishnan, P.S., Shroeder, H., Scouvart, M. & Verburg, P.H. (2006). A portfolio approach to analyzing complex human-environment interactions: Institutions and land change. Ecology and Society, 11. Yoccoz, N. G., J. D. Nichols & T. Boulinier. 2001. Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 16, 446-453. Øseth, E. (2010). Klimaendringer i norsk Arktis – Konsekvenser for livet i nord. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie 136

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Appendix:

Curriculum Vitae Terrestrial Flaggship

Flaggship leader and co-leader

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Flagship leader

Name: Rolf A. Ims

Flagship institution: Northern Population and Ecosystem Unit, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø

Academic degrees -BSc 1983 (Univ. of Oslo) -MSc 1985 (Univ of Oslo) -PhD 1989 (Univ of Oslo)

Positions -Post Doc University of Oslo 1989-1991 -Scientific Advisor Norwegian Institute of Nature Research 1995 –> -Professor of Landscape Ecology, University of Oslo, 1992-2001 -Professor of Ecology, University of Tromsø, 2001-present

Relevant administrative commitments - Chair, Department of Zoology, University of Oslo, 2000-2001 - Chair of RCN programme board: Arctic Ecosystem Responses to Climate (ARKTØK), 2001 - Member of the Norwegian National Committee for Polar Research, 2001-2006 - Vice-chair RCN program board: “Climate effects”. 2002-2004 - Council member of the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC), 2001-2006. - Vice-Chair, Department of Biology, Univ. of Tromsø 2007-2009. - Unit leader Northern Populations and Ecosystems, Univ. of Tromsø, 2010-present - Have been project leader (PI) on 9 RCN projects related to climate impacts

Other relevant commitments, memberships and merits - Member: Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 2000 - Member: Norwegian Academy of Polar Research from 2008 - Lead author: Terrestrial Ecosystem Chapter, CAFF-Arctic Biodiversity Assessment - Member: Terrestrial Monitoring Group, Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program. - Listed as Highly Cited Researcher in ISI Thomson since 2004

Teaching/supervision - Responsible for MSc. programme Northern Populations and Ecosystems - Has lectured ecology courses at graduate and undergraduate level at UiT, UiO and UNIS - Has supervised 62 MSc and 30 PhD students to the completion of their graduation

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Five important publications

1. Ims, R.A. and Andreassen, H.P. 2000. Spatial synchronization of vole population dynamics by predatory birds. Nature 408: 194-197. 2. Aars, J. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Climatic and intrinsic determinants of population demography. Ecology 83: 3449-3456. 3. Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. and Hausner, V. 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10: 607-622. 4. Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Killengreen, S. 2011. Determinants of lemming outbreaks. PNAS 108, 1970-1974. 5. Killengreen, S. T., Lecomte, N., Ehrich, D., Schott, T., Yoccoz, N.G. & Ims, R.A. 2011. The importance of marine vs. human induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the Arctic tundra. J. Anim. Ecol. 80: 1049-1060.

6. Flagship-WP relevant publications the last 10 years (of a N=92 titles in that period)

Paper WP Strann, K.-B., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Is the heart of the Fennoscandian rodent 2 cycle still beating? A 14-years study of small mammals and Tengmalm’s owls in north Norway. Ecography 25: 81-87 Sverdrup-Thygeson, A. and Ims, R.A. 2002. The effect of forest clearcutting on the 4 community of saproxyllic beetles on aspen. Biol. Cons. 10: 347-357. Aars, J. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Climatic and intrinsic determinants of population demography: 2 Ecology 83: 3449-3456. Hausner, V., Yoccoz, N.G., Strann, K.-B. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Changes in bird 5 communities by planting non-native spruce in coastal birch forests of northern Norway. EcoScience 9: 470-481. Hausner, V., Yoccoz, N.G., and Ims R.A. 2003. Selecting indicator traits for monitoring 4, 5 land use impacts: birds in northern coastal birch forests. Ecological Applications 13: 999-1012. Søvik, G., Leinaas, H. P., Ims, R. A. and Solhøy, T. 2003. Population dynamics and life 2 history of the oribatid mite Ameronothrus lineatus (Thorell 1871) (Oribatida, Acari) on the high arctic archipelago of Svalbard: a field study. Pedobiologia 47: 257-271. Pedersen, H.C., Steen, H., Kastdalen, L., Brøseth, H., Ims, R.A., Svendsen, W. and 4 Yoccoz, N.G. 2003. Weak compensation of harvest despite strong density- dependent growth in Willow Ptarmigan, Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 271: 381-385. Ims, R.A., Leinaas, H.P. & Coulson, S. J. 2004. Spatial and temporal variation in patch 2,5 occupancy and population dynamics in a model system of an Arctic Collembola species assemblage. Oikos 105: 89-100. Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2004. Spatial population dynamics of small mammals: some 5 methodological issues. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 27.1: 427-435. Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. & Hagen, S.B. 2004. Do sub-arctic winter moth populations in 5 coastal birch forest exhibit spatially synchronous dynamics? J. Anim. Ecol. 73: 1129-1136. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Past changes in arctic terrestrial ecosystems, climate and UV-B radiation. Ambio 33: 398-403. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2

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R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S., Elster, J., Henttonen, H., Laine,K., Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Biodiversity, distributions and adaptations of Arctic species in the context of environmental change. Ambio 33: 404-417. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. Elster, J., Jonsdottir, I. S, Laine,K., Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Responses to projected changes in climate and UV-B at the species level. Ambio 33: 418-435. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. & Henttonen, H. 2004. Effects on the structure of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-terms. Ambio 33: 436-447. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Effects on the function of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-terms. Ambio 33: 448- 458. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A. Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S., Schaphoff, S. & Sitch, S. 2004. Effects on landscape and regional processes and feedbacks to the climate system. Ambio 33: 459-468. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. Elster, J., Henttonen, H., Jonsdottir, I. S., Laine, K., Schaphoff, S., Sitch, S. Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Uncertainties in making assessments and recommendations for future research. Ambio 33: 474-479. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, 2,5 R.A., Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Synthesis of impacts in four arctic subregions. Ambio 33: 469-473. Ims, R.A. & Andreassen, H.P. 2005. Density-dependent dispersal and spatial population 5 dynamics. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. 272: 913-918. Ims, R.A. & Fuglei, E. 2005. Trophic Interaction Cycles in Tundra Ecosystems and the 1,2, Impact of Climate Change. BioScience 55: 311-322. 5 Mjaaseth, R.R., Hagen, S.B., Yoccoz, N.G. & Ims, R.A.. 2005. Phenology and abundance 2 in relation to climatic variation in a sub-arctic insect herbivore – mountain birch system. Oecologia 145. 53-65. Killengreen, S., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Henden, J.A. and Schott, T. 2007. 2 Compositional characteristics of a low arctic ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox. Biological Conservation 135: 475-488. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. 2007. Altitudinal distribution of 1, 2 outbreak zones of winter moth (Operophtera brumata) in sub-arctic birch forest. Ecography 30: 2999-3007. Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. and Hausner, V. 2007. 1 Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10: 607-622. Tveraa, T., Fauchald, P., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims R.A., Aanes, R., and Høgda, K.A. 2007. What 1,4, regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116: 704-713. 5 Bråthen, K.A., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. and Hausner, V. 2007. 1,4 Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10: 773-789.

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Bårdsen, B.J., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Langeland, K., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2007. 2 Experimental evidence of a risk sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Ecology 89: 829-837. Ims, R. A., Henden, J.-A. and Killengreen, S. 2008. Collapsing population cycles. Trends 2 Ecol. & Evol. 23: 79-86. Jepsen, J. U., Hagen, S.B., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. 2008. Climate change and 1,2 outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata in sub- arctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion J. Anim. Ecol. 77: 257-264. Fuglei, E., Stien, A., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, R.A., Eide, N.E., Prestrud, P., Deplazes, P., 5 Oksanen, A. 2008. Spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis, Svalbard, Norway. Emerging Infectious Diseases 14: 73-75. Fuglei, E. and Ims, R.A. 2008. Arctic fox and climate change. Science Progress 91: 175- 2 191. Hagen, S.B., Sørlibråthen, O., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. 2008. Fluctuating asymmetry as 5 an indicator of elevation stress and alpine distributional limits in mountain birch (Betula pubescens). Plant Ecology 195: 157-163. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2008. Anisotropic patterned 5 population synchrony in climatic gradients indicates nonlinear climatic forcing. Proc. R. Soc. Series B 275: 1509-1515. Freitas, C., Kovacs, K.M., Lydersen, C. and Ims, R.A. 2008. Using mixed-effects Cox 5 proportional hazard models to infer habitat selection and predict habitat use. J. Appl. Ecology 45: 1213-1220. Henden, J.A., Bårdsen, B.J., Yoccoz, N.G and Ims, R.A. 2008.Impacts of differential prey 2 dynamics on the potential recovery of endangered arctic fox populations. J. Appl. Ecology 89: 1086-1093. Freitas, C., Kovacs, K., Ims, R.A. and Lydersen, C. 2008. Predicting habitat use by ringed 2 seals (Phoca hispida) in a warming Arctic. Ecological Modelling 217: 19-32. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A. & Yoccoz, N.G. 2009. Nonstationary spatial-temporal small rodent 5 dynamics: evidence from long-term Norwegian fox bounty data. J. Anim. Ecol. 78. 636-645. Pedersen, Å. Ø., Yoccoz, N.G. & Ims, R.A. 2009. Spatial and temporal patterns of artificial 4 nest predation in mountain birch forests fragmented by spruce plantations. European Journal of Wildlife Research 55: 371-384. Jepsen, J. U., Hagen, S.B., Høgda, K.A., Ims, R.A., Karlsen, S.R., Tømmervik, H.A. & 1,5 Yoccoz, N.G. 2009. Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. Remote Sensing of Environment 113: 1939-1947 Henden, J.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, R.A., Bårdsen, B.-J. and Angerbjörn, A. 2009. Phase- 4 dependent effect of conservation efforts in cyclically fluctuating populations of Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus). Biological Conservation 142: 2586-2592. Iversen, M., Bråthen, K.A., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2009. Predictors of plant 1,2 phenology in a diverse high – latitude alpine landscape: Growth forms and topography. Journal of Vegetation Science 20: 903-915. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Karlsen, S.R. and Ims, R.A. 2009. Phase-dependent outbreak dynamics of geometrid moths linked to host plant phenology. Proc. R. Soc. Series B 276: 4119-4128. Post, E., Forchhammer, M.C., Bret-Harte, S., Callaghan, T.V., Christensen, T.R., Elberling, 2 B., Fox, A.D., Gilg, O., Hik, D.S., Høye, T.T., Ims, R.A., Jeppesen, E., Klein,

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D.R., Madsen, J., McGuire, A.D., Rysgaard, S., Schindler, D.E., Stirling, I., Tamstorf, M.P., Tyler, N.J.C., van den Wal, R., Welker, J., Wookey, P.A., Schmidt, N.M. and Aastrup, P. 2009. Ecological dynamics across the Arctic associated with recent climate change. Science 325: 1355- 1358. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Hellström, P. and Angerbjörn, A. 2010. Strength of 2 asymmetric competition between predators in food webs ruled by fluctuating prey: The case of foxes in tundra. Oikos 119: 149-157. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Schott, T. and Ims, R.A. 2010. Spatially mis-matched trophic 1,2 dynamics: Cyclically outbreaking geometrids and their larval parasitoids. Biol. Letters 6: 566-569. Ravolainen, V.T., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Ims, R.A., Iversen, M. and González, V.T. 1,5 2010. Additive partitioning of diversity reveals no scale-dependent impacts of large ungulates on the structure of tundra plant communities. Ecosystems 13: 157-170. Pedersen; Å.Ø., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Hausner, V.H., and Juell, K.H. 2010. Scale- 4 dependent responses of predators and prey to spruce plantations in sub-arctic birch forest in winter. Ecoscience 17: 123-136 Schott, T., Hagen, S.B., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. 2010. Are population outbreaks in 1,5 sub-arctic geometrids terminated by larval parasitiods? J. Anim. Ecol. 79: 701-709. Pedersen, Å.Ø., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, R.A. and Sigurdsen, T. 2010, Effects on non-native 4 spruce plantations on small mammal communities in sub-arctic birch forest. Journal of Forest Ecology and Management 260: 331-338. Vindstad, O.P.L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T. and Ims, R.A. 2010. Spatially patterned guild 5 structure in larval parasitoids of cyclically outbreaking geometrid hosts. Ecological Entomology 35: 456-463. Jepsen, J.U., Kapari, L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T., Vindstad, O.P.L., Nilssen, A.C. & Ims, 1,2, R.A. 2011. Rapid northwards expansion of a forest insect pest attributed to spring 5 phenology matching with sub-Arctic birch. Global Change Biology 17, 2071-2083. Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Killengreen, S. 2011. Determinants of lemming outbreaks. PNAS 2,5 108, 1970-1974. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A, Yoccoz, N.G., Sørensen, R. & Killengreen, S.T. 2011. Population 1 dynamics of tundra voles in relation to configuration of willow thickets in southern arctic tundra. Polar Biology 34: 533-540. Rodnikova, A., Ims, R.A., Sokolov, A., Skogstad, G., Sokolov, V., Shtro, V.& Fuglei, E. 2 2011. Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Polar Biology 10: 1609-1614. Killengreen, S. T., Lecomte, N., Ehrich, D., Schott, T., Yoccoz, N.G. & Ims, R.A. 2011. 2,4 The importance of marine vs. human induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the Arctic tundra. J. Anim. Ecol. 80: 1049-1060. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A, Yoccoz, N.G. & Killengreen, S.T. 2011. Declining willow 2,4 ptarmigan populations: The role of habitat structure and community dynamics. Basic & Applied Ecology 12: 413-422. Vindstad, O.P.L., Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U, Kapari, L., Schott, T., Ims, R.A. 2011. 2 Phenological diversity in the interactions between winter moth (Operophtera brumata) larvae and parasitoid wasps in sub-arctic mountain birch forest. Bull. Entom. Res. 101, 705–714. Lecompte, N., Ahlstøm, Ø., Ehrich, D., Fuglei, E., Ims, R.A. & Yoccoz, N.G. 2011. 5 Intrapopulation variability shaping stable isotope discrimination and turnover: experimental evidence in arctic foxes. PLOS one 6 (6) e21357 Hausner, V.H., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Pedersen, E., Jernsletten, J.-L., Ulvevadet, B., Ims, 3,4

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R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. & Bråthen, K.A. 2011. Gost of development past: the impact of economic security policy on saami pastoral ecosystems. Ecology & Society 16 (3) Ehrich, D., Henden, J.A., Ims, R. A., Killengren, S.T., Lecomte, N., Pokrovsky1, I.G., 1,2 Skogstad, G., Sokolov, A.A., Sokolov, V.A., & Yoccoz, N.G. 2011. The importance of willow thickets for ptarmigan and hares in shrub tundra: the more the better? Oecologia DOI 10.1007/s00442-011-2059-0 Killengreen, S.T., Strømseng, E., Yoccoz, N.G. & Ims, R.A. 2011. How ecological 2 neighbourhoods influence the structure of the scavenger guild in low arctic tundra. Diversity & Distributions DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00861.x Ravolainen, V.T., Bråthen, K.A., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Henden, J.A. & Killengreen, 1 S.T. 2011. Rapid responses of productive Arctic plant communities to exclusion of small and large mammalian herbivores. Basic & Applied Ecology doi:10.1016/j.baae.2011.09.009 Gilg, O., Kovacs, K. M., Aars, J., Fort, J., Gauthier, G., Gremillet, D., Ims, R. A., Meltofte, 2 H., Moreau, J., Post, E., Schmidt, N. M., Yannic, G. and Bollache, L. 2012. Climate change and the ecology and evolution of Arctic vertebrates. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences: in press.

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Flagship co-leader

Name: Torkild Tverra

Flagship institution: Norwegian institute for nature research (NINA)

Academic degrees 1997 – Doctor of Science (PhD) in Ecology 1994 – Cand. Scient (Master) in Ecology 1992 – Cand. Mag in Biology

Positions 2007 – present: Senior Researcher, NINA 1998 – 2007: Researcher, NINA 1995 – 1997: PhD fellowship from the Research Council of Norway, University of Tromsø / NINA. 2005: Was offered the position as seabird researcher at the Norwegian Polar Institute.

Administrative commitments • Leader of the Norwegian Antarctic Research Expedition (NARE) 1997/98 and participant on five research expeditions to Antarctica. • National delegate for the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) Standing Scientific Groups (2003-2011).

Research projects funded by the research Council: Period Name Role in project 2012-2014 At the interface between science and Active partner policy for large carnivores: science for policy, science of policy, and science in policy 2009-2013 Drivers of change in circumpolar tundra Active partner ecosystems (TUNDRA) 2008-2012 EcoFinn: Ungulate overabundance, Active partner trophic cascades and subsidies 2003-2007 Ecosystem Finnmark Active partner 2005-2008 Life history strategies in Ungulates Active partner 2002-2004 The impact of climatic variation and Active partner reindeer density on demography and productivity of reindeer in Finnmark 2001-2002 Productivity and harvesting in the Project leader Norwegian reindeer husbandry: linking time-series data of population density, body size and climate data 2011-2014 Response of Antarctic petrels to a Active partner changing environment: from

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oceanographic conditions to foraging behaviour and demography (ICEBIRD) 2001-2002 Impacts of organic pollutants on top Project leader predators in Antarctica 2000-2001 Seabirds as monitors of Antarctic Project leader ecosystems

Other major research projects: Period Name Funding Role in project 2000-2012 Causes of calf loss in the The reindeer research Project leader reindeer husbandry council, Directorate for nature management (DN),County Authorities in Troms and Finnmark 2008-2012 Estimation of productivity in DN, Ministry of the Project leader the reindeer husbandry Environment (MD), Ministry of agriculture and food (LMD) 2011-2015 Reindeer husbandry and MD/DN Project leader large carnivore interactions in central Norway

Teaching/supervision • I have given lectures in life-history strategies for master and PhD students (1998-2002). • I have been the co-supervisor for 9 master students at the University of Tromsø and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology of which all have finished. • I have been the co-supervisor for 3 PhD students that have all finished • Censor for the University of Oslo and the University of Tromsø • Opponent/Examinator for PhD dissertations at the University Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, University of Tromsø, and Uppsala University

Five important publications Bårdsen,B.-J. & Tveraa,T. 2011. Density-dependence vs. density independence – linking reproductive allocation to population abundance, climate and vegetation greenness. Journal of Animal Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01913.x Næss,M.W., Fauchald,P. and Tveraa,T. 2009. Scale dependency and the "Marginal" Value of labor. Human Ecology 37: 193-211. Bråthen,K. A., Ims,R.A., Yoccoz,N.G., Fauchald,P. & Tveraa,T. and Hausner,V.A. 2007. Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems, 10: 773-789. Tveraa,T., Fauchald,P., Yoccoz,N.G., Ims,R.A., Aanes,R. and Høgda, K.A. 2007. What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos, 116: 706-715. Ims,R.A., Yoccoz,N.G., Bråthen,K.A., Fauchald,P., Tveraa,T. and Hausner,V. 2007 Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems, 10: 607-622.

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Flagship-WP relevant publications the last 10 years (of a N=41 titles in that period)

Paper WP Ballestreros, M., Bårdsen, B.-J., Langeland, K., Fauchald, K. & Tveraa, T. 2 2011. The effect of warble flies on reindeer fitness: a parasite removal experiment. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2011.00883.x

Bårdsen,B.-J. & Tveraa,T. 2011. Density-dependence vs. density 1,2 independence – linking reproductive allocation to population abundance, climate and vegetation greenness. Journal of Animal Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01913.x

Næss,M., Bårdsen,B.-J., Pedersen,E.and Tveraa,T 2011. Pastoral Herding 3,4 Strategies and Governmental Management Objectives: Predation Compensation as a Risk Buffering Strategy in the Saami Reindeer Husbandry. Human Ecology, in press.

Næss,M. W., Bårdsen,B.-J., Fauchald, P. and Tveraa, T. 2011. Cooperative 3,4 pastoral production - the importance of kinship. Evolution and Human Behavior 31:246-258.

Bårdsen, B.J., Henden,J.A., Fauchald,P., Tveraa,T. & Stien,A. 2011. Plastic 1,2 reproductive allocation as a buffer against environmental stochasticity – linking life history and population dynamics to climate. Oikos 120:245- 257.

Bårdsen,B.J., Tveraa,T., Fauchald,P. & Langeland,K. 2010. Observational 1,2 evidence of risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Oecologia 162: 627-639.

Næss,M.W., Fauchald,P. & Tveraa,T. 2009 Scale Dependency and the 3,4 "Marginal" Value of Labor. Human Ecology 37, 193-211.

Næss,M.W., Fauchald,P. and Tveraa,T. 2009. Scale dependency and the 3,4 "Marginal" Value of labor. Human Ecology 37: 193-211.

Bårdsen,B.-J, Fauchald,P., Tveraa,T., Langeland,K. & Nieminen,M. 2009 1,2, Experimental evidence of cost of lactation in a low risk environment for a 5 long-lived mammal. Oikos 118: 837-852.

Duneau,D., Boulinier,T., Gómez-Díaz,E., Petersen,A., Tveraa,T., Barrett,R.T. 2,5 & McCoy,K.D. 2008. Prevalence and diversity of Lyme borreliosis bacteria in marine birds. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 8: 352-359

Bårdsen,B.J., Fauchald,P. Tveraa,T., Langeland,K., Yoccoz,N.G. & Ims,R.A. 1,2 2008. Experimental evidence of a risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Ecology 89:829-837

Staszewski,V. McCoy,K.D., Tveraa,T., and Boulinier,T 2007. Interannual 2 dynamics of antibody levels in naturally infected individuals of a long- lived colonial bird. Ecology, 88: 3183-3191.

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Bråthen,K. A., Ims,R.A., Yoccoz,N.G., Fauchald,P. & Tveraa,T. and 1 Hausner,V.A. 2007. Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Exstensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems, 10: 773-789.

Tveraa,T., Fauchald,P., Yoccoz,N.G., Ims,R.A., Aanes,R. and Høgda, K.A. 1,2, 2007. What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos, 5 116: 706-715.

Ims,R.A., Yoccoz,N.G., Bråthen,K.A., Fauchald,P., Tveraa,T. and 1,2, Hausner,V. 2007 Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? 5 Ecosystems, 10: 607-622.

Fauchald,P., Rødven,R., Bårdsen,B., Langeland,K., Tveraa, T, Yoccoz,N G. 2 & Ims,R. A. 2007. Escaping parasitism in the selfish herd - age, size, and density-dependent warble fly infestation in reindeer. Oikos 116: 491-499.

Fauchald,P. & Tveraa,T. Hierarchical patch dynamics and animal movement 1,5 pattern. 2006. Oecologia, 149: 383-395.

Tveraa,T. & Karter,A.J. 2007. Reindeer Diseases. In: The 5-Minute 2 Veterinary Consult: Ruminant . Haskell S, ed. Wiley-Blackwell.

Tveraa,T. & Karter,A.J. 2007. Reindeer management. In: The 5-Minute 1 Veterinary Consult: Ruminant. Haskell S, ed. Wiley-Blackwell

Fauchald,P. Tveraa,T., Henaug,C. & Yoccoz,N.G. 2004. Adaptive regulation 2 of body reserves in reindeer, Rangifer tarandus: a feeding experiment. Oikos, 107: 583-591.

Varpe,Ø. Tveraa,T., & Folstad, I. 2004. State-dependent parental care in the 5 Antarctic petrel: responses to manipulated chick age during early chick rearing. OIKOS, 106:479-488.

Tveraa,T, Fauchald,P., Henaug, C., & Yoccoz,N.G. 2003. An examination of 1,2 a compensatory relationship between food limitation and predation in semi-domestic reindeer. Oecologia, 127:370-376.

Fauchald,P. & Tveraa,T. 2003. Using first-passage time in the analysis of 5 area restricted search and habitat selection. Ecology, 84: 282-288.

Gasparini,J., McCoy,K.D.,Tveraa,T. & Boulinier,T. 2002. Related 2 concentrations of specific immunoglobulins against the Lyme disease agen Borrelia burdorferi sensu lato in eggs, young and adults of the kittiwake Rissa tridactyla. Ecology Letters: 5: 519-524.

Gasparini, J., McCoy,K.D., Haussy,C., Tveraa,T. & Boulinier,T. 2001. 2 Induced maternal response to the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in an Arctic seabird. Proceedings of the Royal Society, 278: 617-620.

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Curriculum Vitae Flaggship workpackage Principle Investigators (PI and Co-PI)

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PI WP 1: Vegetation change and management of herbivores

Name: Jane Uhd Jepsen

Flagship institution: NINA

Academic degrees MSc, PhD

Positions 2009-present: Researcher, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Dept. Arctic Ecology 2006-2009: Post doc fellow (Research Council of Norway), University of Tromsø, Arctic and Marine Biology, Tromsø, Norway. 2005: Post doc fellow (Marie Curie), UFZ-Centre for Environmental Research Leipzig- Halle, Dept. Ecological Modelling, Leipzig, Germany.

Administrative commitments Project leader for NINAs activities related to the Nordic Centre of Excellence “How to preserve the tundra under climate warming” (NCoE-Tundra, WP4). Project leader of the NINA project “Utvikling av habitatmodeller for rype i Finnmark” (2011-2012). Co-leader of the UiT/NINA research activities on birch forest moth (2009-2012, led by Rolf Ims).

Teaching/supervision Supervision/co-supervision of MSc and PhD students MSc: 6 PhD: 1

5 most important publications Jepsen, J.U., Kapari, L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T., Vindstad, O.P.L., Nilssen, A.C. & Ims, R.A. (2011). Rapid northwards expansion of a forest insect pest attributed to spring phenology matching with sub-arctic birch. Global Change Biology 17: 2071-2083. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Karlsen, S.R., Ims, R.A. (2009). Phase-dependent outbreaks of geometrid moth linked to host plant phenology. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 276: 4119-4128 Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Høgda, K.A., Ims, R.A., Karlsen, S.R., Tømmervik, H.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. (2009). Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. Rem. Sens. Environm. 113: 1939-1947. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. (2008). Climate change and outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata in sub-arctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion. J. Anim. Ecol. 77: 257-264.

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Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. (2007). Shifting altitudinal distribution of outbreak zones of winter moth (Operophtera brumata) in sub-arctic birch forest: A response to recent climate warming? Ecography 30:299-307.

Publication list last 10 years

Paper WP Vindstad, O.P.L., Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Kapari, L., Schott, T., Ims, R.A. 1 Phenological diversity in the interactions between winter moth (Operophtera brumata) larvae and parasitoid wasps in sub-arctic mountain birch forest. Bull Ecol. Res. (in press), DOI:10.1017/S0007485311000277 Jepsen, J.U., Kapari, L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T., Vindstad, O.P.L., Nilssen, A.C. & 1,2 Ims, R.A.(2011). Rapid northwards expansion of a forest insect pest attributed to spring phenology matching with sub-arctic birch. Global Change Biology 17: 2071-2083. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Schott, T., Ims, R.A. (2010). Spatially mismatched trophic 1,2 dynamics: cyclically outbreaking geometrids and their larval parasitoids. Biology Letters 6 (4): 566-569. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Karlsen, S.R., Ims, R.A. (2009). Phase-dependent 1,2 outbreaks of geometrid moth linked to host plant phenology. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 276: 4119-4128 Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Høgda, K.A., Ims, R.A., Karlsen, S.R., Tømmervik, H.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. (2009). Monitoring the spatio- 2,5 temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. Rem. Sens. Environm. 113: 1939-1947. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, R.A. (2008). Anisotropic patterned population synchrony in climatic gradients indicates 1,5 nonlinear climatic forcing. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B. 275: 1509-1515.

Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. (2008). Climate change and 1,2 outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata , in sub-arctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion. J. 5 Anim. Ecol. 77: 257-264. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Ims, R.A. and Yoccoz, N.G. (2007). Shifting altitudinal 1,2 distribution of outbreak zones of winter moth (Operophtera brumata) in sub-arctic birch forest: A response to recent climate warming? Ecography 30:299-307. Pedersen, Å.Ø., Jepsen, J.U., Yoccoz, N.G. and Fuglei, E. (2007). Ecological 1 correlates of the distribution of territorial Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea). Can. J. Zool. 85: 122-132. Grimm, V., Berger, U., Bastiansen, F., Eliassen, S., Ginot, V., Giske, J., Goss- Custard, J., Grand, T., Heinz, S., Huse, G., Huth, A., Jepsen, J.U., Jørgensen, C., Mooij, W.M., Müller, B., Pe’er, G., Piou, C., Railsback, S.F., Robbins, A.M., Robbins, M.M., Rossmanith, E., Rüger, N., Strand, E., Souissi, S., Stillman, R.A., Vabø, R., Visser, U. and DeAngelis, D.L. (2006). A standard protocol for describing individual-based and agent-based models. Ecol. Model. 198: 115-126.

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Jepsen, J.U., Madsen, A.B., Karlsson, M. and Groth, D. (2005). Predicting distribution and density of European badger (Meles meles) setts in Denmark. Biodiv. Cons. 14: 3235-3253. Jepsen, J.U., Baveco, J.M., Topping, C.J., Verboom, J. and Vos, C.C. (2005). Evaluating the effect of corridors and landscape heterogeneity on dispersal probability: a comparison of three spatially explicit modelling approaches. Ecol. Model. 181: 445-459. Jepsen, J.U., Topping, C.J., Odderskær, P. and Andersen, P.N. (2005). Evaluating consequences of land use strategies on wildlife using multiple species predictive scenarios. Agricul., Ecosyst. Environ. 105: 581-549. Jepsen, J.U. and Topping, C.J. (2004). Modelling roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in a gradient of forest fragmentation: behavioural plasticity and choice of cover. Can. J. Zool. 83: 1528-1541. Eide, N.E., Jepsen, J.U. and Prestrud, P. (2004). Spatial organisation of reproductive 2 arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) – responses to changes in spatial and temporal availability of prey. J. Anim. Ecol. 73: 1056-1068. Topping, C.J., Hansen, T.S., Jensen, T.S., Jepsen, J.U., Nikolajsen, F. and Odderskær, P. (2003). ALMaSS – an agent-based model for animals in temperate European landscapes. Ecol. Model. 167: 65-82 Jepsen, J.U., Eide, N.E., Prestrud, P. and Jacobsen, L.B. (2002). The importance of 2 prey distribution in habitat use by arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). Can. J. Zool. 80: 418-429.

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Co-PI WP 1 Vegetation change and management of herbivores

Name: Kari Anne Bråthen

Flagship institution: University of Tromsø (UiT)

Academic degree: PhD in Ecology, UiT 2003

Positions: 1995-98 Assistant Professor at Finnmark University College 1998-03 PhD grant from Norwegian Research Council (NRC) 2003-06 Post doc/researcher at the “Ecosystem Finnmark” – a NRC project 1006- Associate Professor at Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT

Appointed opponent for PhD dissertation: Diress Tsegaye, PhD, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 07.10.2010 Marianne Evju, PhD, University of Oslo, 27.02.09 Line Johansen, PhD, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 09.12.08 Henrik Lundquists PhD, SLU, Uppsala, Sweden, 26.10.07

Administrative commitments: A) Administrative: 2009-10 Working group appointed by the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management for a follow-up of protection goals and monitoring of protected areas 2008-09 Working group appointed by Ministry of Agriculture, Norway, for establishing ecological criteria for reindeer husbandry 2006-08 In the Board of members for the evaluation committee ”Ecology and biodiversity in terrestrial systems” , FORMAS, the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning

B) Leadership of research projects: 2011 Monitoring project for protected mountainous areas. Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management (DN). NKr 560 000,- 2010-11 Monitoring project at the Varanger Peninsula National Park. DN. NKr 300 000,- 1998-03 Reindeer summer pastures: Do quality variability depend on reindeer numbers? Reindeer Husbandry Scientific Board. NKr 1000000,-

Teaching: BIO 2006 Plants and Ecosystems. Course relevant to WP1,2,4,5

Supervision of students: PhD (5 current, one passed), MS (3 current, 10 passed), Bch (5 passed)

5 key publications within the WP’s subject area: Ravolainen V, Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz N, John-André Henden J-A, Killengreen ST. Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra vegetation to exclusion of small and large

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mammalian herbivores. Basic and Applied Ecology in press Götzenberger L, de Bello F, Bråthen KA, Davison J, Dubuis A, Guisan A, Lepš J, Lindborg R, Moora M, Pärtel M, Pellissier L, Pottier J, Vittoz P, Zobel K, Zobel M. Ecological assembly rules in plant communities –approaches, patterns and prospects. Biological Reviews in press Wookey PA, Aerts R, Bardgett RD, Baptist F, Bråthen KA, Cornelissen JHC, Gough L, Hartley IP, Hopkins DW, Lavorel S & Shaver GR. 2009. Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change. Global Change Biology, 15: 1153-1172. Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Fauchald P, Tveraa T & Hausner V. 2007. Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10: 773-789. Bråthen KA & Oksanen J. 2001. Reindeer reduce biomass of preferred plant species. Journal of Vegetation Science 12: 473-480.

Publication list for the 10 last years (since 2001): Paper WP Ravolainen V, Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz N, John-André Henden J-A, 1,5 Killengreen ST. 2011. Rapid, landscape scale responses in riparian tundra vegetation to exclusion of small and large mammalian herbivores. Basic and Applied Ecology 12, 643-653. Hausner VH, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Pedersen E, Jernsletten J-L, Ulvevadet B, Ims 2,4 RA, Yoccoz NG, Bråthen KA. The ghost of development past: the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems. Ecology and Society DOI: 10.5751/ES-04193-160304 Götzenberger L, de Bello F, Bråthen KA, Davison J, Dubuis A, Guisan A, Lepš J, 1 Lindborg R, Moora M, Pärtel M, Pellissier L, Pottier J, Vittoz P, Zobel K, Zobel M. 2011. Ecological assembly rules in plant communities –approaches, patterns and prospects. Biological Reviews DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185X.2011.00187.x Pellissier L, Bråthen KA, Pottier J, Randin CF, Vittoz P, Dubuis A, Yoccoz NG, Alm 1,5 T, Zimmermann NE, Guisan A. 2010. Species distribution models reveal apparent competitive and facilitative effects of a dominant species on the distribution of tundra plants. Ecography 33: 1004-1014. Jensen JB, González VT, Guevara DU, Bhuvaneswari TV, Wäli PR, Tejesvi MV, 1 Pirttilä AM, Bazely D, Vicari M, Bråthen KA*. 2011. Kit for detection of fungal endophytes of grasses yield inconsistent results. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2: 197-201. (*corresponding author) Bråthen KA, Fodstad CH & Gallet C. 2010. Ecosystem disturbance reduces the 1,2,5 allelopathic effects of Empetrum hermaphroditum humus on tundra plants. Journal of Vegetation Science 21: 786–795. Ravolainen V, Yoccoz N, Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Iversen M & Gonzalez V. 2010. 1,2 Additive partitioning of diversity reveals no scale-dependent impacts of large ungulates on the structure of tundra plant communities. Ecosystems 13: 157-170. González VT, Bråthen KA, Ravolainen VT, Iversen M & Hagen SB. 2009. Large- 1,2 scale grazing history effects on Arctic-alpine germinable seed banks. Plant Ecology 207:321–331. Iversen M, Bråthen KA, Yoccoz NG & Ims RA. 2009. Predictors of plant phenology 1,2 in a diverse high-latitude alpine landscape: growth forms and topography. Journal of Vegetation Science, 20: 903-915. Wookey PA, Aerts R, Bardgett RD, Baptist F, Bråthen KA, Cornelissen JHC, Gough 1,2,5

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L, Hartley IP, Hopkins DW, Lavorel S & Shaver GR. 2009. Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change. Global Change Biology, 15: 1153- 1172. Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Fauchald P, Tveraa T & Hausner V. 2007. 1,2,5 Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10: 773-789. Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Bråthen KA, Fauchald P, Tveraa T & Hausner V. 2007. Can 1,2,5 reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10: 607-622. Bråthen KA, González VT, Iversen M, Killengreen ST, Ravolainen VT, Ims RA, 1,2,5 Yoccoz NG. 2007. Endozoochory varies with ecological scale and context. Ecography 30: 308-320. Killengreen ST, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Bråthen KA, Henden J-A & Schott T. 2007. 1,2,5 Structural characteristics of a low Arctic tundra ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox. Biological Conservation 135(4): 459-472. Bråthen KA & Junttila O. 2006. Infertile times: response to damage in genets of the 1 clonal sedge Carex bigelowii. Plant Ecology 187: 83-95. Bråthen KA & Hagberg O. 2004. More efficient estimation of plant biomass. Journal 1 of Vegetation Science 15: 653-660. Bråthen KA, Agrell, J, Berteaux D & Jónsdóttir IS. 2004. Intraclonal variation in 1,5 defence substances and palatability: A study on Carex and lemmings. Oikos 105: 461-470. Krebs CJ, Danell K, Angerbjörn A, Agrell J, Berteaux D, Bråthen KA, Danell Ö, 1,2,5 Erlinge S, Fedorov V, Fredga K, Hjältén J, Högstedt G, Jónsdóttir IS, Kenney AJ, Kjellén N, Nordin T, Roininen H, Svensson M, Tannerfeldt M & Wiklund C. 2003. Terrestrial trophic dynamics in the Canadian arctic. - Canadian Journal of Zoology 81: 827-843. Danell K, Berteaux D & Bråthen KA 2002. Effect of muskox carcasses on nitrogen 1,2,5 content of tundra vegetation. Arctic 55: 389-392. Bråthen KA & Oksanen J. 2001. Reindeer reduce biomass of preferred plant species. 1 Journal of Vegetation Science 12: 473-480.

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PI WP 2. Changing seasonality patterns and extreme events

Name: Eva Fuglei

Flagship institution: Norwegian Polar Institute

Academic degrees: 1988: B.Sc, Norwegian University of Sport and Physical Education, Oslo. 1991: M.Sc. University of Oslo. 2000: PhD, University of Oslo.

Positions: • 1991-1993: NPI, Oslo, Norway. Biologist, Environmental Manager. • 1993-1994: NPI, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway. Deputy biologist. • 1994: NPI, Longyearbyen, Svalbard, Norway. Deputy Director of the Svalbard Office. • 1994-1997: NPI, Longyearbyen-Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway. Biologist, PhD research scholar. • 1997-present: NPI, Tromsø, Norway. Research Scientist.

Administrative commitments • 1993-ongoing: Annual arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) den monitoring program and population dynamic in Svalbard. Financed by Norwegian Polar Institute. • 2000-2003: Member of the course committee for “Svalbardkurset” - the Svalbard course. http://www.svalbardkurset.no/ • 2001-ongoing: Genetic structure of the arctic fox population in the Arctic and in Svalbard. Financed by Norwegian Polar Institute and University of Stockholm. • 2002-ongoing: Monitoring rabies, parasites and infectious diseases or agents in the arctic fox population in Svalbard. Financed by Norwegian Polar Institute and the Norwegian Veterinary Institute. • 2002-ongoing: Annual population monitoring of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea): point count survey of territorial cocks in spring. Financed by Norwegian Polar Institute, Governor of Svalbard and Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund. • 2004-2006: Member of the reference committee for the establishment of Svalbard Museum. http://www.svalbardmuseum.no/ • 2006-2010: Norwegian member of the International Steering Committee for the Canadian IPY Arctic WOLVES project (www.cen.ulaval.ca/arcticwolves/) • 2007-ongoing: National member of the Norwegian arctic fox committee. • 2007-ongoing: Satellite telemetry: Wintering grounds of Svalbard Rock Ptarmigan. http://svalbardrype.npolar.no/en/index.html. Financed by The Governor of Svalbard, Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund, Nansenfondet, Sparebankens fond, University centre in Svalbard and Norwegian Polar Institute. • 2007-ongoing: Genetic structure of the rock ptarmigan population in Svalbard. • 2010-ongoing: Representing NPI in the terrestrial FRAM centre flagship, Tromsø, Norway. • 2010-2012: Habitat modelling of rock ptarmigan in Svalbard. Financed by Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA) and Norwegian Polar Institute (NP).

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• 2010-2012: Effect of arctic fox harvesting in Svalbard. Financed by Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund, University of Tromsø and Norwegian Polar Institute (NP). • 2010-2012: Habitat modelling of rock ptarmigan. Financed by Nordisk Ministerråd. • 2011-2012: Harvesting of Svalbard rock ptarmigan – old data with a potential for new insight. Financed by Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund and Norwegian Polar Institute. • 2011-2014: Effects of environmental disturbances of arctic foxes in Svalbard. Financed by Svalbard Environmental Protection Fund and Norwegian Polar Institute.

Teaching/supervision • Masterstudents: 3 • PhD students: 1

5 most important publications Fuglei E, Øritsland NA. 1999. Seasonal trends in body mass, food intake and resting metabolic rate, and induction of metabolic depression in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) at Svalbard. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 169: 361-369. Ims RA, Fuglei E. 2005. Trophic Interaction Cycles in Tundra Ecosystems and the Impact of Climate Change. BioScience 55(4): 311-322. Fuglei E, Ims RA. 2008. Global warming and effects on the arctic fox. Science Progress 91(2): 175-191. Fuglei E, Stien A, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Eide NE, Prestrud P, Deplazes P, Oksanen A. 2008. Spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in arctic fox scats, Svalbard, Norway. Emerging Infectious Diseases 14(1): 73-75. Eide NE, Stien A, Prestrud P, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2011. Reproductive responses to spatial and temporal prey availability in a coastal arctic fox population. In press Journal of Animal Ecology.

Publication list last 10 years (in peer reviewed journals)

Paper/Chapter WP

Fuglei E, Mercer JB, Arnemo JM. 2002. Anesthesia and surgical implantation of 2 radio transmitters in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine 33(4): 342-349. Ahlstrøm Ø, Fuglei E, Mydland LT. 2003. Comparative nutrient digestibility of 2,5 arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard and farmed-raised blue foxes (Alopex lagopus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 134(1): 63-68. Fuglei E, Øritsland NA, Prestrud P. 2003. Local variation in arctic fox abundance 2,5 on Svalbard, Norway. Polar Biology 26: 93-98. Fuglei E, Øritsland NA. 2003. Energy cost of running in an arctic fox (Alopex 2 lagopus). The Canadian Field-Naturalist 117(3): 430-435. Fuglei E, Mustonen A-M, Nieminen P. 2004. Effects of season, food deprivation 2 and re-feeding on leptin, ghrelin and growth hormone in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard, Norway. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 174: 157-162. Dalèn L, Fuglei E, Hersteinsson P, Kapel C, Roth J, Samelius G, Tannerfeldt M, 5 Angerbjørn A. 2005. Population history and genetic structure of a circumpolar species: the arctic fox. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 84: 79-89. Sørensen KK, Mørk T, Sigurdardottir OG, Åsbakk K, Åkerstedt J, Bergsjø B, 2,5

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Fuglei E. 2005. Acute toxoplasmosis in three wild arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard; one with co-infections of Salmonella enteritidis PT1 and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 2b. Research in Veterinary Science 78: 161-167. Ims RA, Fuglei E. 2005. Trophic Interaction Cycles in Tundra Ecosystems and the 2,5 Impact of Climate Change. BioScience 55(4): 311-322. Våge DI, Fuglei E, Snipstad K, Beheim J, Landsem VM, Klungland H. 2005. Two 5 cysteine substitutions in the MC1R generate the blue variant of the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) and prevent expression of the white winter coat. Peptides 26: 1814-1817. Fuglesteg BN, Haga ØE, Folkow L, Fuglei E, Blix AS. 2006. Seasonal variation in 2 basal metabolic rate, lower critical temperature and responses to temporary starvation in the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard. Polar Biology 29: 308-319. Pedersen ØÅ, Lier M, Routti H, Christiansen HH, Fuglei E. 2006. Co-feeding 2 between Svalbard rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea) and Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Arctic 59(1): 61-64. Dalén L, Kvaløy K, Linnell JDC, Elmhagen B, Strand O, Tannerfeldt M, Henttonen 5 H, Fuglei E, Landa A, Angerbjörn A. 2006. Population structure in a critically endangered arctic fox population: does genetics matter? Molecular Ecology 15: 2809-2819. Fuglei E, Bustnes JO, Hop H, Mørk T, Björnfoth H, van Bavel B. 2007. 5 Environmental contaminants in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) in Svalbard: relationships with feeding ecology and body condition. Environmental Pollution 146(1): 139-149. Gwynn JP, Fuglei E, Dowdall M. 2007. 137Cs in Arctic Foxes (Alopex lagopus) on 5 Svalbard. 2007. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 92: 30-40. Pedersen ÅØ, Jepsen JU, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2007. Ecological correlates of the 5 distribution of territorial Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea). Can. J. Zool. 85: 1-11. Johnson N, Dicker A, Mork T, Marston DA, Fooks AR, Tryland M, Fuglei E and 5 Müller T. 2007. Phylogenetic comparison of Rabies viruses from disease outbreaks on the Svalbard Islands. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 7(3):457-460. Carmichael LE, Krizan J, Nagy JA, Fuglei E, Dumond M, Johnson D, Veitch A, 5 Berteaux D, Strobeck C. 2007. Historical and ecological determinants of genetic structure in arctic canids. Molecular Ecology 16: 3466-3483. Geffen E, Waidyaratne S, Dalén L, Angerbjörn A, Vila C, Hersteinsson P, Fuglei, 5 E, White PA, Goltsman M, Wayne RK. 2007. Sea ice occurrence predicts genetic isolation in the arctic fox. Molecular Ecology 16: 4241-4255. Prestrud KW, Åsbakk K, Fuglei E, Mørk T, Stien A, Ropstad E, Tryland M, 2,5 Gabrielsen GW, Lydersen K, Kovacs K, Loonen M, Sagerup K, Oksanen A. 2007. Serosurvey for Toxoplasma gondii in arctic fox and its source species of infection in the high Arctic of Svalbard. Veterinary Parasitology 150: 6-12. Fuglei E, Stien A, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Eide NE, Prestrud P, Deplazes P, Oksanen 2,5 A. 2008. Spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in arctic fox scats, Svalbard, Norway. Emerging Infectious Diseases 14(1): 73-75. Prestrud KW, Dubey JP, Fuglei E, Su C. 2008. First isolate of Toxoplasma gondii 2,5 from arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Svalbard. Veterinary Parasitology 151:

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110-114. Sonne C, Wolkers H, Leifsson PS, Jenssen BM, Fuglei E, Ahlstrøm Ø, Dietz R, 5 Kirkegaard M, Muir DCG, Jørgensen E. 2008. Organochlorine-induced histopathology in kidney and liver tissue from arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus). Chemosphere 71:1214-1224. Fuglei E, Ims RA. 2008. Global warming and effects on the arctic fox. Science 2,5 Progress 91(2): 175-191. Prestrud KW, Åsbakk K, Mørk T, Fuglei E, Tryland M, Su C. 2008. Direct high- 2,5 resolution genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in the remote arctic Svalbard archipelago reveals widespread clonal type II lineage. Veterinary Parasitology 158:121-128. Sonne C, Wolkers H, Rigét FF, Beck Jensen J-E, Teilmann J, Jenssen BM, Fuglei 5 E, Ahstrøm Ø, Dietz R, Muir DCG, Jørgensen E. 2009. Mineral density and biomechanical properties of bone tissue from male arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) exposed to organochlorine contaminants and emaciation. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, part C, 149:97-103. Sonne C, Wolkers H, Leifsson PS, Iburg T, Jenssen BM, Fuglei E, Ahstrøm Ø, 5 Dietz R, Kirkegaard M, Muir DCG, Jørgensen E. 2009. Chronic dietary exposure to environmental organochlorine contaminants induces thyroid gland lesions in Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus). Environ. Res. 109: 702-711. Stien A, Voutilainen L, Haukisalmi V, Fuglei E, Mørk T, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, 2,5 Henttonen H. 2010. Intestinal parasites of the Arctic fox in relation to the abundance and distribution of intermediate hosts. Parasitology 137:149-157. Norén K, Carmichael L, Dalén L, Hersteinsson P, Samelius G, Fuglei E, Kapel 2,5 CMO, Menyushina I, Strobeck C, Angerbjörn A. 2011. Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) population structure: circumpolar patterns and processes. Oikos 120: 873-885. Norén K, Carmichael L, Fuglei E, Eide NE, Hersteinsson P, Angerbjörn A. 2011. 2,5 Pulses of movement across the sea ice: population connectivity and temporal genetic structure in the arctic fox. Oecologia, DOI 10.1007/s00442-011-1939- 7. Rodnikova A, Ims RA, Sokolov A, Skogstad G, Sokolov V, Shtro V, Fuglei E. 2,5 2011. Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Polar Biology 34:1609-1614. Mørk T, Bohlin J, Fuglei E, Åsbakk K, Breines EM, Tryland M. 2011. Rabies in 5 the arctic fox population in Svalbard, Norway. Journal of Wildlife Disease 47(4): 945-957. Ehrich D, Carmichael LE, Fuglei E. 2011. Age dependent genetic structure in 5 arctic foxes in Svalbard. In press Polar Biology. DOI 10.1007/s00300-011- 1030-1. Pedersen ÅØ, Bårdsen BJ, Lecomte N, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2011. Monitoring 5 low density Rock Ptarmigan Populations: Distance Sampling and Occupancy Modeling. In press Journal of Wildlife Management. Lecomte N, Ahlstrøm Ø, Ehrich D, Fuglei E, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG. 2011. 5 Intrapopulation variability shaping isotope discrimination and turnover: experimental evidence in arctic foxes PLoS ONE 6(6): e21357. Geffen E, Kam M, Hefner R, Hersteinsson P, Angerbjorn A, Dalen L, Fuglei E, 5 Noren K, Adams J, Vucetich J, Meier TJ, Mech LD, vonHoldt BM, Stahler DR, Smith DW, Wayne RK. 2011. Kin encounter rate and inbreeding

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avoidance in canids. Molecular Ecology 20: 5348-5358. Eide NE, Stien A, Prestrud P, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2011. Reproductive responses 2,5 to spatial and temporal prey availability in a coastal arctic fox population. In press Journal of Animal Ecology.

Outreach Blom K, Fuglei E. 2003. Fjellreven. Children book, Cappelen, Oslo, Norway. Blom K, Fuglei E. 2004. The arctic fox. Children book. Cappelen, Oslo, Norway. Blom K, Fuglei E, Kovacs KM, Pedersen ÅØ. 2010. Dyr i Arktis. Children book, Cappelen Damm, Oslo, Norway. V Ehrich D, Lecomte N, Fuglei E, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG. 2011. Arktiske Rovdyr som Klimaindikatorer. I: Polaråret 2007-2008. Det norske bidraget. Norges Forskningsråd. Red. O. Orheim og K. Ulstein. S. 116-119. Ehrich D, Lecomte N, Fuglei E, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG. 2011. Arctic predators as Indicators of Tundra Ecosytem State. In: The International Polar Year 2007-2008. The Norwegian contribution. The Norwegian research Counsil. Eds. O. Orheim og K. Ulstein. P. 116-119.

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Co-PI WP 2 Changing seasonality patterns and extreme events

Name: Jarle W. Bjerke

Flagship institution: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA)

Academic degrees Dr. scient. (2003), Cand. scient. (1999)

Recent research positions NINA • Employed since 1 September 2004. Permanent research position since 1 September 2005. Senior Researcher since 1 January 2011. University of Tromsø • 1 April 2010 – 28 February 2011. Invited to work with the establishment of the Norwegian- Swedish Research School in Biosystematics (ForBio), which from the Norwegian side is a joint collaboration between the four university museums, which have got funding from the Research Council of Norway and The Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre. This work also included 50 % own research. Was granted leave from NINA to work on this museum project. • 19 June 2003 – 31 August 2004: Postdoctoral position financed by the University. • 1 April 2000 – 18 June 2003: PhD position (4-year position with contract until 31 March 2004). Last period (after dissertation) converted to a postdoctoral research position.

Administrative commitments PI on international research projects • EWWA – Extreme winter warming in the High North and its biological effects in the past, present and future. 2012-2014. Funded by The Research Council of Norway, through the NORKLIMA programme (grant decision letter received 2 December 2011). Involves researchers from eight research institutions in three countries (Norway, Sweden, and UK). • Extensive reductions of reindeer lichen heaths – repeated freeze-thaw cycles and ground-icing as potential key factors. 2006-2010. 75 % of full-time equivalent. The largest research component was a multidisciplinary approach undertaken at the Abisko Scientific Field Station, northern Sweden, with the working title Impacts of extreme winter warming events in the Arctic. Publications: Twelve articles published so far, several under preparation. Media coverage: This project has received much media attention both in Norway and abroad. For example, it has been covered by national Swedish television twice in primetime, at the Sami multi-national television news programme Oððasat, at Norwegian radio at least three times, with large interviews in several newspapers, for example Aftenposten, Nordlys, Fremover, Norrbotten Kuriren and Nationen, with shorter articles in other major newspapers, including VG and Dagbladet; it has been featured in Nature twice, and in the UK newspapers Yorkshire Post and Sheffield Star. Partner on international research projects (selected projects) • MIGRAPOP – Adaptive management of migratory populations; developing novel tools at the interface between ecology, economy, agriculture and society. 2011-2014. Ingunn Tombre (NINA) is PI.

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• BIOKLIMA – Large-scale facility for studying climate effects and ecosystems. National project for preparing a proposal for infrastructure funding (ca. 200 mill. NOK). 2010-2011. I am NINA’s researcher delegate. • TOPCOAST – Coastal landscape at the top of Europe: threats and opportunities for maintenance, restoration and development. 2005-2007. Hans Tømmervik (NINA) was PI. • AGRIGOOSE – Cultural landscapes, agricultural activity and Arctic goose populations; a possible combination? 2005-2007. Ingunn Tombre (NINA) was PI. University of Tromsø, administration • 5 July 1999 – 31 March 2000: Study advisor at the Faculty of Science.

Teaching/supervision Supervision of PhD and master students • PhD-student as primary supervisor: 1 (ongoing) • Master students: 5 (2 of them as primary supervisor) (all completed) Teaching responsibility, University of Tromsø • Biosystematics methods and biodiversity (Bio-8001), 2010. 2 ECTS. PhD course at the research school (ForBio; see above). Lectures and other types of teaching, University of Tromsø • Ecology (Bio-1005), 2010. One lecture. • Botany (Bio-100B, Bio-1003), 2000, 2002 and 2003. Lectures, and laboratory and field-based teaching. • Bryophytes and lichens as environmental indicators (Bio-311, Bio-3114), 2001 and 2003. Lectures, and laboratory and field-based teaching. • Field excursion for master students in botany (Bio-411), 2002. Lectures. • Master course for botanists (Bio-310), 2002. Lectures. • Assistant teacher in botany and ecology from 1996 to 1998 (Bio-108, Bio-100B, Bio-105, Bio- 210).

5 most important publications related to flagship • Bjerke J.W., Bokhorst S., Zielke M., Callaghan T.V., Phoenix G.K. 2011: Contrasting sensitivity to extreme winter warming events of dominant sub-Arctic heathland bryophyte and lichen species. Journal of Ecology 99 (6): 1481–1488. • Bjerke J.W. 2011: Winter climate change: Ice encapsulation at mild subfreezing temperatures kills freeze-tolerant lichens. Environmental and Experimental Botany 72 (3): 404–408. • Bjerke J.W. 2009: Ice encapsulation rather protects than disturbs the freezing lichen. Plant Biology 11 (2): 227–235. • Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Tømmervik H., Callaghan T.V. & Phoenix G.K. 2009: Winter warming events damage sub-Arctic vegetation: consistent evidence from an experimental manipulation and a natural event. Journal of Ecology 97 (6): 1408–1415. • Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Street L.E., Callaghan T.V., Phoenix G.K. 2011: Impacts of multiple extreme winter warming events on sub-Arctic heathland: phenology, reproduction, growth, and CO2 flux responses. Global Change Biology 17 (9): 2817–2830.

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Publication list for the last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship (newest first)

Paper/Chapter WP Bokhorst S., Phoenix G.K., Bjerke J.W., Callaghan T.V., Huyver‐Brugman F. & Berg M.: 2 Extreme winter warming events more negatively impact small rather than large soil fauna: shift in community composition explained by traits not taxa. Global Change Biology, in press, DOI: 10.1111/j.1365‐2486.2011.02565.x. Tømmervik H., Bjerke J.W., Gaare E., Johansen B., Thannheiser D.: Rapid recovery of recently overexploited winter grazing pastures for reindeer in northern Norway. 1, 2, 3 Fungal Ecology, in press, DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2011.08.002. Bjerke J.W., Bokhorst S., Zielke M., Callaghan T.V., Phoenix G.K. 2011: Contrasting sensitivity to extreme winter warming events of dominant sub‐Arctic heathland 2, 1 bryophyte and lichen species. Journal of Ecology 99 (6): 1481–1488. Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Street L.E., Callaghan T.V., Phoenix G.K. 2011: Impacts of multiple extreme winter warming events on sub‐Arctic heathland: phenology, 2, 1 reproduction, growth, and CO2 flux responses. Global Change Biology 17 (9): 2817– 2830. Bjerke J.W. 2011: Winter climate change: Ice encapsulation at mild subfreezing 2, 1 temperatures kills freeze‐tolerant lichens. Environmental and Experimental Botany 72 (3): 404–408. Riseth J.Å., Tømmervik H., Helander‐Renvall E., Labba N., Johansson C., Malnes E., 3, 2, 1 Bjerke J.W., Jonsson C., Pohjola V., Sarri L.‐E., Schanche A., Callaghan T.V. 2011: Sámi traditional ecological knowledge as a guide to science: snow, ice and reindeer pasture facing climate change. Polar Record 47 (3): 202–217. Certain G., Skarpaas O., Bjerke J.W., Framstad E., Lindholm M., Nielsen J.E., Norderhaug 1, 2, 5 A., Oug E., Pedersen H.V., Schartau A.K., van der Meeren G., Aslaksen I., Engen S., Garnåsjordet P.A., Kvaløy P., Lillegård M., Yoccoz N., Nybø S. 2011: The Nature Index: A general framework to synthesize knowledge on the state of biodiversity. PLoS ONE 6 (4): e18930. Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Davey M.P., Taulavuori K., Taulavuori E., Laine K., Callaghan T.V. & Phoenix G.K. 2010: Impacts of extreme winter warming events on plant 2 physiology in a sub‐Arctic heath community. Physiologia Plantarum 140 (2): 128– 140. Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Melillo J., Callaghan T.V. & Phoenix G.K. 2010: Impacts of extreme winter warming events on litter decomposition in a sub‐Arctic heathland. 2 Soil Biology & Biochemistry 42 (4): 611–617. Wannebo‐Nilsen K., Bjerke J.W., Beck P.S.A. & Tømmervik H. 2010: Epiphytic macrolichens in spruce plantations and native birch forests along a coast‐inland 2 gradient in North Norway. Boreal Environment Research 15 (1): 43–57. Tømmervik H., Bjerke J.W. & Tombre I. 2010: Landskapsendringer i Vesterålen 1985– 1 2005. Ottar 281 (3‐2010): 3–7. Bokhorst S., Bjerke J.W., Tømmervik H., Callaghan T.V. & Phoenix G.K. 2009: Winter warming events damage sub‐Arctic vegetation: consistent evidence from an 2, 1 experimental manipulation and a natural event. Journal of Ecology 97 (6): 1408– 1415. Bjerke J.W. 2009: Ice encapsulation rather protects than disturbs the freezing lichen. Plant Biology 11 (2): 227–235. 2,1 Nybø S., Strann K.‐B., Bjerke J.W., Tømmervik H., Hagen D., Hofgaard A. 2009: Tilpasninger til klimaendringer i Nord‐Norge og på Svalbard. Vurdering av 2,1 vernebehovet og terrestriske økosystemers evne til å binde karbon. NINA Rapport

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436. 43 pp. + appendix. ISBN: 978‐82‐426‐2002‐6 Bokhorst S.F., Bjerke J.W., Callaghan T.V., Melillo J., Bowles F. & Phoenix G.K. 2008: Impacts of extreme winter warming in the sub‐Arctic: growing season responses of 2, 1 dwarf‐shrub heathland. Global Change Biology 14 (11): 2603–2612. Bjerke J.W. & Tømmervik H. 2008: Observerte skader på nordnorske planter i løpet av 2 vår og sommer 2006: omfang og mulige årsaker. Blyttia 66 (2): 90–96. Solheim B., Zielke M., Bjerke J.W. & Rozema J. 2006: Effects of enhanced UV‐B radiation on nitrogen fixation in arctic ecosystems. Plant Ecology 182 (1‐2): 109–118. SCI (This 2 issue of Plant Ecology was also published in the book series Tasks for Vegetation Science, vol. 41, Springer, Dordrecht; ISBN 1‐4020‐4442‐9.) Bjerke J.W., Elvebakk A., Domínguez E. & Dahlback A. 2005: Seasonal trends in usnic acid concentrations of arctic, alpine and Patagonian populations of the lichen 2 Flavocetraria nivalis. Phytochemistry 66 (3): 337–344. Bjerke J.W., Gwynn‐Jones D. & Callaghan T.V. 2005: Effects of enhanced UV‐B radiation in the field on the concentration of phenolics and chlorophyll fluorescence in two boreal and arctic‐alpine lichens. Environmental and Experimental Botany 53 (2): 2 139–149. Bjerke J.W., Joly D., Nilsen L. & Brossard T. 2004: Spatial trends in usnic acid concentrations of the lichen Flavocetraria nivalis along local climatic gradients in 2 the Arctic (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). Polar Biology 27 (7): 409–417. Bjerke J.W., Zielke M. & Solheim B. 2003: Long‐term impacts of simulated climatic change on secondary metabolism, thallus strucure and nitrogen fixation activity in 2 two cyanolichens from the Arctic. New Phytologist 159 (2): 361–367. Bjerke J.W. & Dahl T. 2002: Distribution patterns of usnic acid‐producing lichens along local radiation gradients in West Greenland. Nova Hedwigia 75 (3–4): 475–506. 2

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PI WP 3: Adaptive capacity in local communities and among indigenous people

Name: Astrid E.J. Ogilvie

Flagship institution: CICERO Tromsø

Academic degrees: 1973 B.A. Hons. Class Upper Second. School of European History and Modern Languages, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. 1982 Ph.D. dissertation Climate and Society in Iceland from the Medieval Period to the Late Eighteenth Century. School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. Positions: 1974-78 Research Associate, Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia. 1978-1995 Senior Research Associate, Climatic Research Unit, University of East Anglia. 1994 Visiting Scientist, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. 1995-1998 Research Associate II, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. 1996-1998 Associate Director, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. 1998-2011 Research Fellow, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado. 2000- Present Senior Affiliate Scientist, Stofnun Vilhjálms Stefánssonar, Akureyri, Iceland. 2004-Present Professor Adjunct, Department of Anthropology, Hunter College, City University of New York. 2009-Present Associated Faculty, Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado. 2010 Fulbright Scholar, Stefansson Arctic Institute, Akureyri, Iceland. 2011 Senior Research Fellow, Leader CICERO Tromsø, Norway.

Research Grants Awarded:

1993: Leverhulme Trust (UK). Grant F204L: The Impacts of Climate on the Human Population of Iceland in Historical Times. PI: T.M.L. Wigley. Co-PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie, T. Jónsson, T. Jakobsson. Ended 12/30/96. $116,520. 1994: National Science Foundation (USA). Grant OPP-9418845: 1000 Years of Proxy Climate Records from the North Atlantic Region: A Contribution to the ARCSS Plan for Integration. PI: A. E. J. Ogilvie. Co-PIs: L.K. Barlow, J.C. Rogers, A.E. Jennings and J.T. Andrews. $496,919. Supplement of $15,000 awarded in 1996. Ended 11/30/1998.

1995: European Union Grant ADVICE (Annual to Decadal Variability in Climate in Europe). PI: P.D. Jones. Co-PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie and others. $500,000. Ended 2/28/1998. 1996: National Science Foundation (USA). Grant OPP-9523529: Historical Dimensions of Sustainability in the North Atlantic ca. 2,000BP to the present. PI: T.H. McGovern. Co-PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie, A.J. Dugmore. $208,278. Ended 11/30/2000. 2000: National Science Foundation (USA). Award OPP-0002651: Landscapes and Seascapes: Linkages between Marine and Terrestrial Environments and Human Populations in the North

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Atlantic. PI: A.E.J. Ogilvie. Co-PIs: J.R. McGoodwin, G. Pálsson, J.H. Ingimundarsson, T. Jónsson and H. Vilhjálmsson. $366,945. Ended 2005. 2002: Leverhulme Trust (UK). Landscapes circum-Landnam: Viking Settlement in the North Atlantic and its Human and Ecological consequences. PIs: K.J. Edwards, T.H. McGovern, A.J. Dugmore. I was a consultant on this project awarded to the Department of Geography and Environment, University of Aberdeen. Ended 2006. 2003: RANNÍS (The Icelandic Centre for Research). Climate Changes and Climate Impacts: Evidence from Sheriffs´Letters. PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie. Co-PIs: T. Jónsson and S. Steingrímsson. $60,000. Ended 2006. 2003: National Science Foundation (USA). Award OPP 0326776: Warm Times, Cold Times:- Quantitative Reconstructions of Near-Shore Environments Over the Last 2000 Years in Vestfirðir, NW Iceland: Natural Changes and Human Responses. PI: J.T. Andrews. Co-PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie, W.P. Patterson and A.E. Jennings $394,457. Ended 2006. 2006: National Science Foundation (USA). Award BCS 0527732. AOC: Human and Social Dynamics in Myvatnssveit, Northern Iceland, from the Settlement to the Present. PI: A.E.J. Ogilvie. Co-PIs: T.H. McGovern; J.H. Ingimundarson; I.A. Simpson. $549, 109. 03/15/2006-08/31/2009. 2006: National Science Foundation (USA) in collaboration with the European Science Foundation (ESF). Award 0638897: Northern Narratives: Social and Geographical Accounts from Norway, Iceland and Canada (NORSAGA). Project Leader: A.E.J. Ogilvie. PIs: Ingibjörg Jónsdóttir; Níels Einarsson; W.P. Patterson. Associated Partners: P. Wadhams, B. T. Hill; G.R. Demarée. $592,890. 11/15/2006-10/31/2009. 2006: National Science Foundation (USA). Award 0629500. Collaborative Research: Syntheses of Sea Ice, Climate and Human Systems in the Arctic and Subarctic (SYNICE). PI: A.E.J. Ogilvie; J.C. Rogers; P. Wadhams. $565,897. 09/15/2006-8/31/2010. 2007. RANNÍS (The Icelandic Centre for Research). Author award (Launasjóður fræðiritahöfunda) to write book on Ástandið á Íslandi: Bréf sýslumanna og amtmanna 1700-1894. 2007: RANNÍS (The Icelandic Centre for Research). Iceland and Images of the North. PIs: Sumarliði Ísleifsson and Daniel Chartier. Co-PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie and others. 06/01/2007- 05/31/2010. http://www.inor.is 2008: European Science Foundation EUROCORES programme BOREAS. PIs: A.E.J. Ogilvie and R. Doel. Grant of 49,000 Euros to hold workshop entitled Boreal Histories, Environments, and Narratives: The Making and Uses of Knowledge. Snorrastofa, Reykholt, Iceland, 21-26 October 2008. 50 delegates took part. 2009. National Science Foundation (USA). Award 0902134. Collaborative Proposal: Understanding Climate-Driven Phenological Change - Observations, Adaptations and Cultural Implications in Northeastern Siberia and Labrador/Nunatsiavut (PHENARC). PIs A.E.J. Ogilvie and S.A. Crate. $566,517. 2009. National Science Foundation (USA). Award 0947862. Conference on Long-Term Human Ecodynamics. PIs T. H. McGovern, A.E.J. Ogilvie, S. Perdikaris. $49,900. 2009. Nordforsk (Norway). Adaptation in the Nordic Countries – Multilevel governance and regional development. Nordic Network for Climate Change, Adaptation, and Multilevel Governance (NORCAM). PIs: G.K. Hovelsruud, H. Dannevig, C. Keskitalo, A.E.J. Ogilvie, M. Tenneberg. NOK 300,000. 2009. Fulbright Scholarship (USA). Award number 9267. Climate, Sea Ice and Historical Narratives. This involved a 5-month stay in Iceland in 2010 (May through September) primarily at the Stefansson Arctic Institute, Akureyri, and at Reykholt, Cultural Centre, Borgarfjörður.

Recent Teaching Activities (2006-2011)

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• External Thesis Supervisor for Ingibjörg Jónsdottir, Ph.D. Candidate, Cambridge University, England. • Member of Dissertation Committee for Ragnar Edvardsson, Ph.D. Candidate in Archaeology, Hunter College, New York. • Member of Dissertation Committee for Jennifer Brown, Ph.D. Candidate in Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Scotland. • Member of Dissertation Committee for Maxine von Eye, Ph.D. Candidate at the Scott Polar Research Institute, Cambridge, England. • Adviser to undergraduate recipient of Icelandic Research Council award, Hjördís Guðmundsdóttir.

Undergraduate Teaching

At the invitation of the Anthropology Department, University of Colorado I designed and taught a new undergraduate course. I called it: “North Atlantic Peoples and Cultures”. The focus was on the history, literature, anthropology, climate and environment of Iceland, Greenland, and Labrador (Nunatsiavut).

5 most important publications

Ogilvie, A.E.J. 1991: Climatic changes in Iceland A. D. c. 1500 to 1598. (In) The Norse of the North Atlantic (Presented by G.F. Bigelow), Acta Archaeologica Vol. 61-1900, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 233-251. Jones, P.D., Ogilvie, A.E.J., Davies, T.D. and Briffa, K.B. (eds) 2001: History and Climate: Memories of the Future? Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Jónsson, Trausti. (eds) 2001: The Iceberg in the Mist: Northern Research in Pursuit of a “Little Ice Age”. (Reprinted from Climatic Change 48) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2005: Local knowledge and travellers’ tales: A selection of climatic observations in Iceland. (In) Iceland - Modern Processes and Past Environments, Developments in Quaternary Science 5. Series Editor Jim Rose. (Eds. C. Caseldine, A. Russell, J. Harðardóttir and O. Knudsen), Elsevier, Amsterdam-Boston-Heidelberg-London, 257-287. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2010. Historical climatology, Climatic Change, and implications for climate science in the 21st century, Climatic Change 100, 33-47.

Publication list last 10 years

Demarée, G.R. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2001: Bon baisers d’Islande: climatological, environmental and human dimensions impacts in Europe of the Lakagígar eruption (1783-1784) in Iceland. (In) History and Climate: Memories of the Future? (Eds P.D. Jones, A.E.J. Ogilvie, T.D. Davies and K.R. Briffa), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, 219-246. Jennings, A.E., Hagen, S., Harðardóttir, J., Stein, R., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Jónsdóttir, I. 2001: Oceanographic change and terrestrial human impacts in a post A.D. 1400 sediment record on the southwest Iceland shelf, Climatic Change 48, 83-100.

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Jones, P.D., Ogilvie, A.E.J., Davies, T.D. and Briffa, K.B. 2001: Unlocking the doors to the past: recent developments in climate and climate-impact research. (In) History and Climate: Memories of the Future? (Eds P.D. Jones, A.E.J. Ogilvie, T.D. Davies and K.R. Briffa), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, 1-8. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2001: Climate and farming in northern Iceland, ca. 1700-1850. (In) Aspects of Arctic and Sub-Arctic History (Eds Ingi Sigurðsson and Jón Skaptason.) University of Iceland Press, Reykjavík, 289-299. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Jónsson, Trausti. 2001: ‘“Little Ice Age” research: A perspective from Iceland’. Climatic Change 48, 9-52. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2002: Biocomplexity of marine and terrestrial environments and human populations in Iceland. (In) Arctic Forum 2002. The Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), Fairbanks, AK, 16. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2002: Landscapes and seascapes: Linkages between marine and terrestrial environments and human populations in the North Atlantic (Iceland sector). (In) Program and Abstracts. Connectivity in Northern Waters. Arctic Ocean, Bering Sea, and Gulf of Alaska Interrelationships. 18-21 September 2002, University of Fairbanks, Alaska. Published by AAAS Arctic Division, 170. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Pálsson, Gísli. 2003: “Mood, magic and metaphor: Allusions to weather and climate in the Sagas of Icelanders”. (In) Weather, Climate, Culture. (Ed. by S. Strauss and B. S. Orlove). Berg Publishers, 251-274. Huntington, H.P., Berman, M., Cooper, L., Hamilton, L.C., Hinzman, L., Kielland, K., Kirk, E., Kruse, J., Lynch, A., McGuire, D., Norton, D. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2003: Human dimensions of the Arctic system: Interdisciplinary approaches to the dynamics of social–environment relationships. Arctic Research of the United States. 17 (Spring/Summer), 59-69. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2003: Suffering and solace: Vulnerability and resilience to environmental changes in northern Iceland c. AD 1700-1900. (In) Arctic Forum 2003. The Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), Fairbanks, AK, 17-18. Deitrich, K.A., Patterson, W.P., Andrews, J.T., Jennings, A.J. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2004: Quantitative reconstructions of near-shore environments over the last 2000 years in Vestfirðir, northern Iceland: Evidence from high resolution stable isotope analyses of molluscs. (In) 34th International Arctic Workshop, Program with Abstracts. INSTAAR, Boulder, Colorado, 10-13 March 2004, 47-49. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and McGovern, T.H. 2004. Human ecology, local knowledge and interdisciplinary research in Mývatn, northern Iceland. (In) 34th International Arctic Workshop, Program with Abstracts. INSTAAR, Boulder, Colorado, 10-13 March 2004, 129-130. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2005: Eirík the Red. (In) Encyclopedia of the Arctic. (Ed. Mark Nuttall). 3 Vols. Routledge, New York, 550-551. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2005: Local knowledge and travellers’ tales: A selection of climatic observations in Iceland. (In) Iceland - Modern Processes and Past Environments, Developments in Quaternary Science 5. Series Editor Jim Rose. (Eds. C. Caseldine, A. Russell, J. Harðardóttir and O. Knudsen), Elsevier, Amsterdam-Boston-Heidelberg-London, 257-287. Deitrich, K. A., Patterson, W.P., Andrews, J.T., Jennings, A.E. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2005. Quantitative reconstructions of near-shore environments over the last 2000 years in Vestfirdir, NW Iceland: evidence from high-resolution stable isotope analyses of molluscs. (In) 35th International Arctic Workshop, Program with Abstracts. University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, 9-12 March, 2005. Ogilvie, A.E.J., McGovern, T.H. and Jónsson, Trausti. 2005. Global issues, local concerns: syntheses of climate and human-dimensions issues in Mývatnssveit, northern Iceland. (In)

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Conference Book for The 6th Open Meeting of the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change Research Community. University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, 105. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Jónsson, Trausti. 2006. The last famine in Iceland. (In) 36th International Arctic Workshop, Program with Abstracts. INSTAAR, Boulder, Colorado, 16-18 March 2006, 137. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Palsson, Gísli. 2006. Weather and Witchcraft in the Sagas of Icelanders. In (John McKinnel, David Ashurst, Donata Kick, eds.), The Fantastic in Old Norse/Icelandic Literature: Sagas and the British Isles, Vols. I-II. Papers from The Thirteenth International Saga Conference, Durham and York, 6-12 August 2006. The Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies,Durham University, Durham, 731-741. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Pálsson, Gísli. 2006. Reflections on wetlands in Iceland. In (Patrick Huse, ed.), Intimate Absence. Henie Onstad Art Center/Delta Press, Norway, 99-101. Huntington, H.P., Hamilton, L.C., Nicholson, C., Brunner. R., Lynch, A., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Voinov, A. 2007. Towards understanding the human dimensions of the rapidly changing Arctic System: Insights and approaches from five HARC projects. Regional Environmental Change 7(4), 173-186. Nordli, Ø. Lundstad, E, and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2007. A late-winter to early-spring temperature reconstruction for southeastern Norway from 1758 to 2006. Annals of Glaciology 46, 404-408. Nordli, Ø., Lundstad, E. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2007. Seinvinteren og våren 2007: varmast på Austlandet gjennom 250 år (“The late winter and spring 2007: the warmest in eastern Norway for 50 years”). Paper in Norwegian. In Klima (“Climate”), 5-10. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2007. Bréf sýslumanna til stiftamtmanns og amtmanns: Environmental images of nineteenth-century Iceland from official letters written by district sheriffs. http://www.inor.is/index.php?m=N&id=ASTRIDGR1&sid=OGILVIE Expanded web version of paper cited below. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. Bréf sýslumanna til stiftamtmanns og amtmanns: Environmental images of nineteenth-century Iceland from official letters written by district sheriffs. In (Marie Wells, ed.), The Discovery of Nineteenth-Century Scandinavia. Norvik Press, Norwich, 43-56. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. The Little Ice Age. (In S. George Philander, ed.) Encyclopedia of Global Warming and Climate Change, Vol 2, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, 604-606. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. The Climatic Research Unit. (In S. George Philander, ed.) Encyclopedia of Global Warming and Climate Change, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, 251-252. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. Iceland. (In S. George Philander, ed.) Encyclopedia of Global Warming and Climate Change, Vol. 2, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, 524-525. Demarée, G.R. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. The Moravian missionaries at the Labrador Coast and their centuries-long contribution to instrumental meteorological observations. Climatic Change, 91, 423-450. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. Movements, Narratives and Environments of Mountain and Wetland Communities in Valdres, Norway: From Transhumance to Tourism. 6th International Congress of Arctic Social Sciences (ICASS VI). Arctic Social Sciences: Prospects for the International Polar Year 2007-2008 Era and Beyond. Nuuk, 22-26 August, 2008. Book of Abstracts, 43-44. Ogilvie, A.E.J., Patterson, W.P., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg, Einarsson, Níels and Nordli, Øyvind, 2009. NORSAGA – A Project for IPY. Arctic Forum Abstracts 2008. Tipping Points – The Arctic and Global Change. The Arctic Research Consortium of the U.S. (ARCUS), Fairbanks, AK, 69. Andrews, J.T. Darby, D., Eberle, D., Jennings, A.E., Moros, M. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2009. A robust, multisite Holocene history of drift ice off northern Iceland: implications for North Atlantic climate, The Holocene 19, 1, 71-77. Ogilvie, A.E.J., Woollett, J.M., Smiarowski, K., Arneborg, J., Troelstra, S., Pálsdóttir, A. and McGovern, T.H. 2009. Seals and sea ice in medieval Greenland, Journal of the North Atlantic 2, 60-80.

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Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2010. Historical climatology, Climatic Change, and implications for climate science in the 21st century, Climatic Change 100, 33-47. Demarée, G.R., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Csonka, Y. 2010. The Inuit, the Moravian Brethren and Connections with French-speaking Switzerland. Journal of the North Atlantic 3, 24-30. Demarée, G.R., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Csonka, Y. 2011. Connections between the Inuit Peoples of Labrador/Nunatsiavut, the Moravian Brethren, and French-speaking Switzerland. In (John P.Ziker and Florian Stammler, eds.), Histories from the North: Environments, Movements, and Narratives: Proceedings of the BOREAS conference, Rovaneimi, Finland, 29-31 October, 2009. In press. Demarée, G.R., and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2011. Climate-related information in Labrador/Nunatsiavut: evidence from Moravian missionary journals. Bulletin des séances ARSOM-KAOW (Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium). In press.

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Co-PI WP 3: Adaptive capacity in local communities and among indigenous people

Name: Marit Myrvoll

Flagship institution: Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research (NIKU)

Academic degrees PhD in social anthropology

Positions 01.02.08 - Researcher at the Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research 01.01.08 – 31.01.08 Research Fellow Dept. of Social Anthropology, UiT 01.01.06 – 31.10.06 Project leader Nordic Sámi Institute Research project ”Continuity and change in Sámi reality conceptions” 01.01.04 – 31.12.05 Researcher 50%/project leader Arran Lulesámi Centre Research project ”Conceptions and practice concerning death” 01.01.04 – 31.12.05 Researcher 50%/Project leader Tromsø University College Research project: Evaluation of Sámi education project 01.09.03 – 31.12.03 Researcher 20%/Project leader Sámi Parliament Research project: Evaluation of Sámi education project 15.08.03 - 31.12.03 Researcher Centre for Sámi Studies, UiT Research project ”A Family-Based Reindeer Economy” (Arctic Council)

Administrative commitments 2012 – 2015 Project leader/researcher: A NIKU SIS-project: “Coming into existence: discourses in the construction of World Heritage sites” 2011 – 2014 Project leader/researcher: “Identity among children and youth in Pite Sámi area in Norway and Sweden” in the UiT-based NRC-project “Från kust til kyst” (From coast to coast) on the Norwegian and Swedish side of the Pite-Sámi area – about history, politics and identity. 2011 – 2012 Project leader for Part 4 Karasjok. Assignment for the The Finnmark Commission, investigating the rights of use and ownership to the land. NIKU. 2010 – 2011 Project leader for Part 3 Sørøya. Assignment for the The Finnmark Commission, investigating the rights of use and ownership to the land. NIKU. 2011 – 2012 Member of the reference group in the project “Religion and Development” (About Norwegian Aid Policy And religion’s importance) The Oslo Center for Peace and Human Rights. 2009 – 2012 Substitute member of the research board. Sami National Centre of Competence on Mental health.

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2010 – 2011 Member of the National Advisory Board for the 17th conference 2011 European Association of Archaeologists (EAA) 2009 – 2012 Participatory researcher in the NIKU-project: 100-year limit for automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage Sites. 2009 – 2012 Vice chair of the board. Centre for Sami Studies at the University of Tromsø. 01.09.07 – 31.12.07 Advisor Centre for women and gender research, UiT 01.11.06 – 31.12.06 Advisor National Research Centre in Complementary/Alternative medicine (NAFKAM), UiT 2003 – 2006 Chair of the board at Vaartoe – Centre for Sámi Research at Umeå University, Umeå. Appointed by Umeå University 2002 – 2005 Vice-chair of the board. Resource Centre for the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Appointed by the Ministry of Local Government and Regional development. 2000 – 2004 Member of The Norwegian National UNESCO-commission. Appointed by the Sámi Parliament. 1997 – 2000 Member of The Norwegian National UNESCO-commission. Appointed by the Ministry of Culture. 1991 – 2004 At the board of the Nordic Sámi Institute (Chair, Vice Chair, sbst. member) 2002 – 2004 Member of the board of WINHEC - World Indigenous Nations Higher Education Consortium Board. 1998 –2001 Member of the board of IASSA – International Arctic Social Sciences Association:Member of the International Arctic Science Committee’s (IASC) project group for the research project «Rapid Cultural and Social Change in the Circumpolar North».

Teaching/supervision 2001 Arctic Norway: Aspects of history, culture and government (course 30 ECTS). Responsible for all lectures in social anthropology (interethnic dynamics, historical processes, changing governmental policies, manifestations of cultural variations and ethnic revitalisation). UiT 2005 Nature, Life and Culture in Arctic Norway (course 30 ECTS). Responsible for all lectures on Sámi history, culture and societal life. Tromsø University College. 2007 Co-writer on book about Sámi content in national school curricula; “Gávnnos”. Sámi University College, Kautokeino

Supervision of cand.polit.-students (in social anthropology) at UiT: 2 students Principal supervisor (2001, 2003) 2 students Supplementary supervisor (2001, 2003) External examiner: 3 students Social Anthropology, cand.polit.-degree (2000, 2001, 2007)

5 most important publications – all belong under WP 3 1. Myrvoll, M., Thuestad, A., Myrvoll, E.R. og Holm-Olsen, I.M. In press. Unpredictable consequences of Sámi self-determination - rethinking the legal protection of Sámi cultural heritage in Norway. In Arctic review on law and Politics. 2. Myrvoll, M., 2010. Future establishment of World Heritage centra in Norway. NIKU Report 37.

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3. Holm-Olsen, I. M., Myrvoll E. R., Myrvoll, M., & Thuestad, A. 2011. Managing the automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Case studies and relevant models. NIKU Report 43.

4. Holm-Olsen, I. M., Myrvoll E. R., Myrvoll, M., & Thuestad, A. 2010. Managing the automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Status and scenarios. NIKU Report 40.

5. Myrvoll, M. 2008. Conceptions and practice connected to death. In B. Evjen og L.-I. Hansen (eds) ”Nordlands kulturelle mangfold. Etniske relasjoner i historisk perspektiv”.Pax forlag.

Publication list last 10 years – all related to WP 3

In Press Myrvoll, M., Thuestad, A., Myrvoll, E.R. og Holm-Olsen, I.M. In press. Unpredictable consequences of Sámi self-determination - rethinking the legal protection of Sámi cultural heritage in Norway. In Arctic review on law and Politics.

2011 Myrvoll, M. 2011. Måsske – home and research field (Måsske – hjemsted og forskningsfelt). Article in Bårjås (Journal).

Eythorsson, E., Myrvoll, ER., Myrvoll, M., Thuestad, A., Bjerkli, B., Evjen, B., Joks, S. og Ravna, Ø. 2011. Part 1 Stierdná/Stjernøya og Sievju/Seiland. Expert report for the Finnmark Commission ( Felt 1 Stierdná/Stjernøya og Sievju/Seiland. Sakkyndig utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen.) NIKU Report 42/2011.

Eythorsson, E., Myrvoll, ER., Myrvoll, M., Thuestad, A., Bjerkli, B., Evjen, B., Joks, S. og Ravna, Ø. 2011. Part 2 Unjárgga gielda/Nesseby kommune. Expert report for the Finnmark Commission (Felt 2 Unjárgga gielda/Nesseby kommune. Sakkyndig utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen.) NIKU Report 43/2011.

Holm-Olsen, I. M., Myrvoll E. R., Myrvoll, M., & Thuestad, A. 2011. Managing the automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Case studies and relevant models. (100-årsgrensen for automatisk fredete samiske kulturminner: Casestudier og mulige modeller). NIKU Report 43.

Myrvoll, M., 2011. Continuity and change in Sámi reality conceptions (“Bare gudsordet duger” Om kontinuitet og brudd i samisk virkelighetsforståelse.) PhD-dissertation in social anthropology, UiT.

Myrvoll, M., 2011. Death is a different reality (Døden er den andre verden). Article in Religion og livssyn (Journal)

Myrvoll, M., 2011. Learning the political power play of survival. Chapter in Minnerup and Solberg (eds) First World, First Nations. Internal Colonialism and Indigenous Self- determination in Northern Europe and Australia. Sussex Academic Press.

Myrvoll, M., Eythorsson, E., Thuestad, A., Bjerkli, B., Evjen, B., Dahlsbø, E.T., Eira, R.B.M. og Ravna, Ø. 2011. Part 3 Sørøya. Expert report for the Finnmark Commission (Felt 3 Sørøya. Sakkyndig utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen). NIKU Report 241/2011.

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2010 Elvebakk, T., Fløystad, B., Huva, M. og Myrvoll, M. 2010. Renewing language and culture: The Sámi experience. In Bielenberg og Constantinou (red): Empowerment through language Revival: Current efforts and Recommandations for Cypriot Maronite Arabic. The Sanna Project. Paper 2/2010. PRIO Cyprus Centre.

Holm-Olsen, IM, Myrvoll, ER, Myrvoll, M & Thuestad, A. 2010. Managing the automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Status and scenarios. (100-årsgrensen for automatisk fredete samiske kulturminner: Status og scenarioer.) NIKU Report 40.

Myrvoll, M., 2010 Future establishment of World Heritage centra in Norway (Etablering av sentre for verdensarven). NIKU Report 37.

Myrvoll, M., 2010 The Shaman in the Sacred Mountain. (Noaiden i Bassevarre – Sjamanen i helligtind.) Article in Årbok for Tjeldsund.

2009 Myrvoll, M., 2009. The Shaman in the Sacred Mountain. (Noajdde Basseváren/Nåjden i Bassevárre.) In Bårjås (Journal).

2008 Myrvoll, M., 2008. Conceptions and practice connected to death (Forestillinger og praksis knyttet til døden. In: ”Nordlands kulturelle mangfold. Etniske relasjoner i historisk perspektiv”. B. Evjen og L.-I. Hansen (eds). Pax forlag. 2008.

Myrvoll, M., While talking about angels: Guardian angels (Mens vi snakker om engler: Å ha englevakt.) Kvinnforsk Research Marathon, UiT, Tromsø.

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PI WP 4. Adaptive management of Ecosystem Services

Name: Vera H. Hausner

Name Vera Helene Hausner Born 13 June, 1972, Tromsø Married, two children Maternity leave, May 2009-January 2010, and May 2011-January 2012

Flagship institution: University of Tromsø (UIT)

Academic degrees 2001: Interdisciplinary PhD, ecology -social sciences, Universitetet i Tromsø. 1995: MSc, Environmental Science, University of Lancaster, England. 1994: Bachelor, Universitetet i Tromsø.

Positions 2002-2004: Researcher, Norwegian Institute of Nature Research. 2004-present: Associate professor, Natural Resource Management.

Administrative commitments

Ecosystem Finnmark. Determinants of changes in structure and function of an Alpine/low-arctic tundra ecosystem. Interdisciplinary Norwegian Research Council, social and natural sciences 2003-2008.

Ecosystem Finnmark was an interdisciplinary ecosystem project lead by Rolf. A. Ims at University of Tromsø. My role in the project has been to coordinate the research team which deals with social and economic drivers of change in the tundra ecosystems. The team includes sociologist (one professor, two PhD’s) anthropologists (one professor, one PostDoc and one PhD). In 2007- 2008 I conducted semi-structures interviews with 77 reindeer herders, where publications are in progress. I have also worked with statistical analyses of the reindeer herders’ database, which analyze the relationship between socioeconomic condition and ecosystem change in Finnmark. These publications are currently in review.

Russia – billateral cooperation on changes in ecosystem services in northern areas. Norwegian Research Council, 2007-2008.

EcoRus-Changes in northern ecosystem services: what is the importance for resource-dependent communities? Norwegian Research Council, 2010-2011

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Tundra- Drivers of change in circumpolar tundra ecosystems, Norwegian Research Council, 2010-2013

Drivers of change in northern ecosystem services, Tromsø forskningsstiftelse

Russia, Ecorus, and Tundra aim to understand the relevance of socioeconomic drivers and environmental governance for ecosystem change, particularly those ecosystem services important for resource-dependent communities. The project has a circumpolar scope and includes tundra ecosystems in Canada, USA, Russia and Norway. This large, interdisciplinary project was originally developed together with Norwegian Institute for Nature Research and Saint Petersburg State University, but was strengthen by the inclusion of North American partners (Terry Chapin, Oran Young and Richard Steadman). I am project leader and will work with the integrative analyses and ecosystem-based management.

Birch forest ecosystems

Implementing ecosystem management in northern birch forests: institutional challenges and monitoring methods. Interdisciplinary, Norwegian Research Council, 2002 - 2004

Scenarios for managing biodiversity in coastal birch forests fragmented by spruce plantations. Interdisciplinary, Norwegian Research Council, 1997-2000.

Interdisciplinary PhD and PostDoc to analyse landscape changes in birch forests. The projects included scenario analyses, GIS, remote sensing, ecological fieldwork, semi-structured interviews and document analyses.

Protected Areas Management

Protected areas management in Norway and Canada, Funded by University of Tromsoe, 2008 At University of Tromsoe we recently initiated a project on protected areas management together with Simon Fraser University. The project included W. Haider (tourism/recreation, Simon Fraser University), N. G. Yoccoz (ecologist/biostatician Univ. of Tromsoe, and an interdisciplinary PhD student supervised by me. The Phd Candidate has just resigned.

Educational administration • Leader for study program Arctic Natural Resource Management, 2005 -2009 • Development of Advances Emphasis i “Circumpolar Ecosystems, resource use and management (30 stp)” for Bachelor in Circumpolar Studies, University of Arctic, 2005. • Bologna project 2005-6. Counseling, English exchange programs and courses in Murmansk Pedagogic University, Pomor University and St. Petersburg State University. • Scientific contact for the special exchange agreement between SPSU and UiTø • Norgesuniversitetet: Use of learning technology for teaching 2006/7. • SARVVIS, committee member, interdisciplinary reindeer research, 2004 -2008 • School visit from Tromsdalen VGS, use of remote sensing, GPS and ground truthing, 2006 • Board member, study program in biology, University of Tromsø, 2010-

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Exam committee • Exam committee Ecological Application, University of Tromsø, 2002 • Exam committee, NAB2010 Circumpolar ecosystems resource use and management, 2006-2008. • Exam committee NAB 2003, Freshwater – and land management, University of Tromsø, 2004-2005. • Dissertation committee Katrine Fodstad

Scientific administration • Leader for committee for PhD at Samisk Senter– ref 200305003 • Leader for committee for PhD at Department of Biology - ref 01/6099 • Leader for committee for PhD at Department of Biology – ref Ref. 06/6804 • Leader for PostDoc committee at Department of Biology –ref. 2010/2011 • Member of the steering committee for Ecosystem Finnmark • Project leader TUNDRA – Drivers of change in circumpolar tundra ecosystems.

External commettee’s/boards

• Advisory committee for The project Living Forest, 1998. The project was initiated by the forest industry with the purpose of bringing together scientists, managers and the industry to develop indicators for sustainability. • Evaluation of study plans for the reindeer school (VgS), 2008 • Member of SARVVIS, interdisciplinary reindeer-related research program, 2004-2007 • Member of the board at Nordnorsk kompetansesenter Holt (Bioforsk). 2005. • Member of the board at Nordic Council for reindeer husbandry research (NOR), 2010-

Teaching/supervision

Teaching activities (2004 –present)

Courses - Ecological Applications (5 vt =15 cr), University of tromso, spring 2001 - PhD kurs –Multidisciplinary Research in the Arctic- Reindeer Husbandry in a Multi-Cultural Context, May 3-5, 2004, Samisk senter/IB, Universitetet i Tromsø: Lecture, seminars and essay evaluation - NAB-2010 Circumpolar ecosystems, resource use and management (20 ECTS) - NAB-2008 Scenario analyses in northern areas (10 ECTS) - BIO-2007 Ecosystem-based management I

Supervision Bachelor thesis - NAB-3001. Project work in Arctic Natural resource Management, Gunhild Skogstad. Adaptive forvaltning og regimeskifte i storskalaeksperimentet Pleistoscene park

Supervision of students:

Supervision PhD students • Jennifer Stien, Assistant supervisor, Nest predation in birds of conservation concern: Case studies of monitoring and management, 2010-

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• Birgitte Ulvevadet, Assistant supervisor, Adaptive comanagement in the Sámi reindeer husbandry, UiT, 2005- • Ellen Katrine Thomassen , Main supervisor, Management effectiveness of protected areas, UiT, 2008- 2010. • Åshild Pedersen, Assistant supervisor, Converting sub-Arctic birch forests to spruce plantations - responses of predators and prey, UiT, 2002-2010

Supervision MSc students • Lorena Muñoz, Management of Alpine protected areas, 2010- • Eivind Høstmark, Å råde eller ei? - Holdninger til allemannsretten, vern og forvaltningsnivå blant tilreisende og lokale i fire norske verneområder 2008 -2011 • Kaz Kuba, Does physical management influence spatial distribution of recreational use in Norwegian protected areas? 2008-2010 • Elisabeth Pedersen, The Relative Effects of Farm Management versus Climate on Lamb Autumn Weights 2005-2008 • Karen Inga Kemi, Økologiske Kriterier for en bærekraftig forvaltning av reindriften, 2005-2008 • Vegard Fagerli, Nasjonalparkforvaltning i Nord-Norge: Interpretativ guiding som strategi i miljøforvaltningen 2005-2007 • Gøril Einarsen, Predation on artificial ground nests in birch forests fragmented by spruce plantations, 2002 –2004

5 most important publications publication Hausner, V., Fauchald, P. Tveraa, T., Pedersen, E., Jernsletten, J.-E., Ulvevadet, B. Ims, R. A., Yoccoz, N. G., Brathen, K. 2011. The ghost of development past: economic security policies in Saami pastoral ecosystems, Ecology & Society 16(3) Ulvevadet, B. and Hausner, V. 2011. Incentive-based mechanisms to reconcile conservation and development: 30 years governance of Saami pastoral ecosystems, Journal of Environmental Management 92: 2794-2802 Bråthen,K; Ims, R. A., Yoccoz, N. G., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. and Hausner, V. H. 2007. Induced shifts in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10: 773-789 Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N. G., Bråthen, K.-A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Hausner, V. 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10: 607-622 Hausner, V. H., Yoccoz, N. G., Ims, R. A. 2003. Selecting indicator traits for monitoring land use change: birds in northern coastal birch forests. Ecological Application, 13, pp 999-1012

Publication list last 10 years

Paper WP Hausner, V., Fauchald, P. Tveraa, T., Pedersen, E., Jernsletten, J.-E., Ulvevadet, B. 4 Ims, R. A., Yoccoz, N. G., Brathen, K. 2011. The ghost of development past: economic security policies in Saami pastoral ecosystems, Ecology & Society 16(3) Ulvevadet, B. and Hausner, V. 2011. Incentive-based mechanisms to reconcile 4 conservation and development: 30 years governance of Saami pastoral ecosystems, Journal of Environmental Management 92: 2794-2802 Bråthen,K; Ims, R. A., Yoccoz, N. G., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. and Hausner, V. H. 1,4 2007. Induced shifts in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10: 773-789 Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N. G., Bråthen, K.-A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Hausner, V. 2007. 1

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Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10: 607- 622 Pedersen, Å., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N. G. Hausner, V.H., Juell, K. H. 2010. Scale- 4 dependent responses of predators and their prey to spruce plantations in subarctic birch forests in winter. EcoScience, 17: 123-136. Einarsen, G., Hausner, V. Yoccoz, N. G. and Ims, R.A. 2008 Predation on artificial 4 ground nests in birch forests fragmented by spruce plantations. Ecoscience, 15: 141-149. Hausner, V. H., Yoccoz, N. G., Ims, R. A. 2003. Selecting indicator traits for 5 monitoring land use change: birds in northern coastal birch forests. Ecological Application, 13, pp 999-1012 Hausner, V. H., Yoccoz, N. G., Ims, R. A. 2001. Management of coastal birch forest 4 ecosystems in northern Norway: Social end ecological issues. Conference paper. Ecosystem management in boreal forest landscapes 27 – 31 May 2001 in Koli National Park, Finland Yoccoz, V. H., Hausner, V. H., Ims, R. A. 2001. Requirements for detecting 4 biodiversity changes after natural and induced disturbances in forest and water landscapes. Conference paper. Biodiversity of water and forest – science in support for the ecosystem approach. Electronic EU-conference 7.5- 1.6 2001 Hausner, V. H. 2001. Scenarios for managing biodiversity in coastal birch forests 4,5 fragmented by spruce plantations. PhD thesis, Faculty of Science, University of Tromsø. Hausner, V. H. (2005). Birch forests. In Encyclopedia of the Arctic, Fitzroy Dearborn 5 Publishers, London. Hausner, V. H., Yoccoz, N. G., Ims, R. A., Strann, K.-B. .2001. Changes in bird 5 communities by planting non-native spruce in coastal birch forests of northern Norway. Ecoscience, 9: 470-481. Hausner, V. H. 2005. National parks and protected areas: Norway. In Encyclopedia of 4 the Arctic, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, London Hausner, V. H. 2007. Tourism and protected area management in northern Norway. 4 VIII International Environmental Forum, Preservation of Environment and Tourism Development in the Baltic Sea Region, March 21 - 23, 2007 in St- Petersburg.

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Co-PI WP 4. Adaptive management of Ecosystem Services

Name: Jan Åge Riseth

Flagship Institution: Norut Tromsø

Academic degrees: Cand. agric. (1979) Dr. scient. (2000)

Positions: 1992-4, 1997-2000 Assistant Professor, Narvik University College 1994-1997 Research fellow, Narvik University College (RCN) 1996 Visiting Scholar, Indiana University, Bloomington 2000-2001 Associate Professor, Narvik University College 2002-2003 Research Scientist (Forsker II), Norut Tromsø 2003-2006 Post Doc (50%)/Research Scientist (50%), Norut Tromsø 2003-2010 Adjunct Senior Research Scientist, Sámi University College 2006-present Senior Research Scientist (Forsker I), Norut Tromsø 2011-2012 Adjunct Associate Professor, Narvik University College

Administrative commitments: Administrative:Ass. director, National Agency of reindeer herding (Stats-konsulent i reindrift) 1981-90 (assignments, evaluating funding applications)

Leadership of research projects: Year Project Role Consortium Funding

2011- Árbediehtu-Sámi traditional PM* Sámi University College & Sámi Parliament & 12 knowledge and community local sámi cultural Ministry of Government work centers/museums Administration, Reform and Church Affairs 2008- Climate change, effect PM Norut Tromsø, Norut Alta & Development fund for the 10 scenarios and adaptation NINA reindeer industry possibilities for reindeer management in Norway 2007- Blåfjella-Skjækerfjella PM Nordic Sámi Institute (NSI) Research Council of 08 National Park revisited: Sami & University of Oslo Norway (RCN)8 rights and natural resource 186819/V1011868106810 management. /V1086810/V10 2006- Snow and Ice -TEK and PM NSI, Abisko Scientific Nordic Board of Ministers 07 Geophysical measurements. station, Uppsala University, & IPY Norut Tromsø & NINA 2004- Analysis of the economical PM NSI & University of Umeå RCN(162449), Sámi 08 adaptation of Sámi reindeer Parliament (Sweden) & management Interreg 2003- Institutional change in PM UTforsk (NORUT, NTF, NFR 153272/110 06 outlaying fields OSTFORSK) 2002- Landscape Development, WPL** European consortium Euoropean Commision 06 Biodiversity and Co-operative http://cordis.europa.eu/search EVK2-2001-00259 Livestock Systems in Europe /index.cfm?fuseaction=proj.d (LACOPE) ocument&PJ_RCN=5907433 *PM Project manager **WPL Work package leader

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Teaching/Supervision: Year Subject Organization Level Supervision # 2000-3 Environmental studies CAES* PhD Seminars & 2000 Reindeer Herding CAES course** PhD research paper 3 writing 2003- Environmental studies & ARKTIS*** PhD research paper 3 Reindeer Herding writing 2010 Traditional knowledge and ARKTIS PhD Seminar 2 conservation 2002- Multidisciplinary Norut/NSI/ research Research papers 10-20 Partners**** * CAES The Circumpolar PhD Network in Arctic Environmental Studies lead by the Univ.of Lapland & Luleå Technical Univ. ** “Reindeer as a keystone species in the North: biological, cultural and socio-economic aspects” *** Scientific Advisor at ARKTIS Arctic Graduate School, Arctic Centre, Univ. of Lapland, http://www.arcticcentre.org/arktis **** younger colleagues Single teaching tasks: 2012 Invited speaker/instructor “Snowtalks” PhD-course Abisko Scientific Station 2011 Invited keynote speaker at Arctic Doctoral Programme (ARKTIS) 9th Annual Research Seminar “Local Knowledge and Participatory Research in the Arctic“, 4-5 April 2011, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland. 2007 Lecture at PhD course, Political Ecology in Marine and Terrestrial Contexts - The Social Science of Natural Resource Management, Centre for Sami Studies and Centre for Marine Resource Management at the Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø. 23- 24 April. 2004 Lecture at PhD course, Reindeer husbandry in a Multi-Cultural Context, The SARVVIS Program, Centre of Sami Studies, University of Tromsø. “Contextualizing Resource Adaptations in Sámi Reindeer Management”

5 most important publications: Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Elina Helander-Renvall, Niklas Labba, Cecilia Johansson, Eirik Malnes, Jarle W. Bjerke, Christer Jonsson, Veijo Pohjola, Lars-Erik Sarri, Audhild Schanche and Terry V. Callaghan (2011). Sámi traditional ecological knowledge as a guide to science: snow, ice and reindeer pasture facing climate change. Polar Record, 47: 202-217 Ween, Gro B. & Jan Åge Riseth (2011). Doing is learning: Analysis of an unsuccessful attempt to adapt IK methodology to Norwegian Sámi circumstances. Acta Borealia. 2/2011, 228-242. Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) ”Can Traditional Knowledge Play a Significant Role in Nature Management? Reflections on Institutional Challenges for the Sámi in Norway ” In: Porsanger, Jelena & Gunvor Guttorm. (eds.) “Working with Traditional Knowledge: Communities, Institutions, Information Systems, Law and Ethics. Writings from the Árbediehtu Project on Sami Traditional Knowledge” Diedut 1/2011, 129-163. Riseth, Jan Åge, Ivar Lie, Bernt Holst, Stein-Rune Karlsen, Hans Tømmervik (2009) Climate change and the Sámi reindeer industry in Norway. Probable needs of adaptation. Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions IOP Publishing. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6 (2009) 34203.9 Riseth, Jan Åge (2009). Modernization and pasture degradation. A comparative study of two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway 1960-1990.VDM Verlag. ISBN. 978-3-639-16485-5i

i Reprint of : Riseth, J.Å. (2000): Sámi Reindeer Management Under Technological Change 1960-1990: Implications for Common-Pool Resource Use under Various Natural and Institutional Conditions. A Comparative Analysis of Regional Development Paths in West Finnmark, North Trøndelag, and South Trøndelag/Hedmark, Norway. Dr. Scientarium Theses 2000:1. Dissertation. Ås: Dept. of Economics and Social Sciences, Agr. Un. of Norway.

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Publications last 10 years: WP-relevance 2011 Dana, Leo Paul & Jan Åge Riseth (Accepted) "Sámi Reindeer Herders in Finland: Pulled to Community-Based Entrepreneurship & Pushed to Individualistic Firms". Forthcoming as a chapter in the anthology: "Entrepreneurship, Social Capital and Governance" E. Elgar Publ. (3,4) Ween, Gro B. & Jan Åge Riseth (2011). Doing is learning: Analysis of an unsuccessful attempt to adapt IK methodology to Norwegian Sámi circumstances. Online publication date: 28 Nov 2011. Acta Borealia. 2/2011, 228-242. (3,4) Dana, Leo Paul & Jan Åge Riseth (2011). Reindeer Herders in Finland: Pulled to Community-based Entrepreneurship & Pushed to Individualistic Firms. The Polar Journal 1 (1), June, 2011, 108-123. DOI: 10.1080/2154896X.2011.568795. Online publication date: 08 June 2011. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Elina Helander-Renvall, Niklas Labba, Cecilia Johansson, Eirik Malnes, Jarle W. Bjerke, Christer Jonsson, Veijo Pohjola, Lars-Erik Sarri, Audhild Schanche and Terry V. Callaghan (2011). Sámi traditional ecological knowledge as a guide to science: snow, ice and reindeer pasture facing climate change. Polar Record, 47: 202-217. doi:10.1017/S0032247410000434. (1,2,3,4, 5) Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) ”Can Traditional Knowledge Play a Significant Role in Nature Management? Reflections on Institutional Challenges for the Sámi in Norway” In: Porsanger, Jelena & Gunvor Guttorm. (eds.) “Working with Traditional Knowledge: Communities, Institutions, Information Systems, Law and Ethics. Writings from the Árbediehtu Project on Sami Traditional Knowledge” Diedut 1/2011, 127-161. (3,4) Rasmussen, Rasmus Ole (ed.), Anna Karlsdottir, Claudio Pellegatta, Ekaterina Toropushina, Jan Åge Riseth, Klaus Georg Hansen, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Lee Huskey, Ludmila Zahlkind, Natalia Loukacheva, Peter Nielsen, & Sámal T. F. Johansen (2011): MEGATRENDS. TemaNord 2011:527 © Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen 2011. ISBN 978-92-893-2223-2. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) Perspectives of the ”Alta-Case”. From Environmental Protest to Indigenous Rights. Invited keynote speaker at an International seminarium about the Sámi and the Ainu-people’s rights’ struggle and political development by the launching of the book Hiroshi Maruyama et al ”Restoration of the Ainu as an Indigenous People - Building a Japanese Society in Solidarity with the Ainu” University of Lapland, Arctic Centre, Rovaniemi. November 22, 2011. (3) Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Elina Helander-Renvall, Niklas Labba, Cecilia Johansson, Eirik Malnes, Jarle W. Bjerke, Christer Jonasson, Veijo Pohjola, Lars-Erik Sarri, Audhild Schanche, Terry V. Callaghan (2010). Sámi TEK as a Guide to Climate Change Science: Impacts of Snow, Ice and Reindeer Pasture. Poster at ICASS, Akureyri, Iceland, June 2011. (1,2,3,4, 5) Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) Challenges of Integrating Local/Indigenous Knowledge into a Scientific Framework. LKI workshop CNRS, Paris; June 14-17, 2011. ( 3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) Development trends in Sámi Reindeer Management in Norway. Any relevance for Finland? Invited lecture. Poropäivät. 28- 29.4.2011. Kaamanen, Finland. (1,3,4) Callaghan, Terry V, Stef Bokhorst, Ross Brown, Pavel Y. Groisman, Cecilia Johansson, Margareta Johansson, Niklas Labba, Vladimir Radionov, Jan Åge Riseth (2011) “Winter snow melt events in the Eurasian Arctic: consequences analysed from scientific and indigenous knowledge” Invited oral presentation at the Session BG5.1; "Integration of Environmental, Socio-economic and Climatic Change Studies in Northern Eurasia" European Geosciences Union. General Assembly 2011.Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011 (1,2,3,4,5) Malnes E., J.Å.Riseth, C. Johansson and H. Tømmervik,” Satellite monitoring of Snow on reindeer pastures in Northern parts of Sweden and Norway”, Oral presentation in”, Proceedings to EARSeL LIS workshop, Berne, February 7-9, 2011. (6) Riseth, Jan Åge (2011) Invited keynote speaker at Arctic Doctoral Programme (ARKTIS) 9th Annual Research Seminar “Local Knowledge and Participatory Research in the Arctic“, 4-5 April 2011, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland. (3,4) Tømmervik, Hans & Jan Åge Riseth (2011): Naturindeks. Historiske tamreintall i Norge fra 1800-tallet fram til i dag. NINA Rapport 672. (1,3,4) 2010 Riseth, Jan Åge og Jan Idar Solbakken (2010) Naturbruk i Kautokeino i et kulturhistorisk lys. Utmark 1/2010. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge (2010) A Future for Gouvdageaidnu (Kautokeino): From Homeland to Frontier and Back Again? Arctic Frontiers 2010. Part II. Tromsø, 27-29 January. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Elina Helander-Renvall, Niklas Labba, Cecilia Johansson, Eirik Malnes, Jarle W. Bjerke, Christer Jonasson, Veijo Pohjola, Lars-Erik Sarri, Audhild Schanche, Terry V. Callaghan (2010). Sámi TEK as a Guide to Climate Change Science: Impacts of Snow, Ice and Reindeer Pasture. Poster at the 15th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research (NOR) and University of Tromsø, Centre for Sami Studies. November 16-18 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 2010, 107. (1,2,3,4, 5) Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Stein-Rune Karlsen, Eirik Malnes & Ingunn Ims Vistnes (2010). Klimamendring, effektscenarioer og tilpasningsmuligheter for reindrifta i Norge (Climate change, effect scenarios and adaptation possibilities for reindeer management in Norway). Invited lecture at the 15th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research (NOR) and University of Tromsø, Centre for Sami Studies. November 16-18 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 2010, 59-64. (1,2,3,4, 5) Arvid Holte & Jan Åge Riseth (2010). Reindrift og områdevern (Reindeer husbandry and protected areas). Poster at the 15th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research (NOR) and University of Tromsø, Centre for Sami Studies. November 16-18 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 2010, 90. (3,4) Malnes, Eirik, Cecilia Johanson, Jan Åge Riseth & Hans Tømmervik (2010). Satellittovervåkning av snø på reinbeiter i Torneträsk området. Poster at the 15th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research (NOR) and University of Tromsø, Centre for Sami Studies. November 16-18 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 2010, 102. (5) Karlsen, Stein Rune, Bernt Johansen, Hans Tømmervik, Jan Åge Riseth, & Ingunn Ims Vistnes (2010). Potential effects of temperature increase on forest distribution on Finnmarksvidda, North Norway.Poster at the 15th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Nordic Council for Reindeer Husbandry Research (NOR) and University of Tromsø, Centre for Sami Studies. November 16-18 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 2010, 96-99. (1) 2009

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Riseth, J.Å. & A.Vatn (2009). Modernization and pasture degradation. A comparative study of two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway. Land Economics 85 (1) February 2009: 87-106. (1,3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Ivar Lie, Bernt Holst, Stein-Rune Karlsen, Hans Tømmervik (2009) Climate change and the Sámi reindeer industry in Norway. Probable needs of adaptation. Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions IOP Publishing. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6 (2009) 34203.9 (1,2,3,4) Tømmervik, H., Johansen, B., Riseth, J.Å., Karlsen S.R, Solberg, B. & Høgda, K.A. (2009) Above ground biomass changes in the mountain birch forests and mountain heaths of Finnmarksvidda, Northern Norway, in the period 1957-2006. Forest Ecology and Management 257: 244-257. (1) Riseth, Jan Åge, Ivar Lie, Bernt Holst, Stein-Rune Karlsen, Hans Tømmervik (2009): Sámi Reindeer Industry Challenged by the Climate. In: Thostrup, Lars and Rasmus Ole Rasmussen: Climate Change and the North Atlantic. NORA, 82-85. ISBN: 978-99918-3-293-7. (1,2,3,4) Arnesen, Tor and Jan Åge Riseth (2009) Protection and equity? Local and indigenous encounters with the grand scheme of area protection in Norway. In: Nordic Tourism: Issues and Cases. Michael Hall, Dieter Muller and Jarkko Sarinen. Channelview, 77-80. ISBN 978-1-84541-093-3. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge (2009). Modernization and pasture degradation. A comparative study of two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway 1960- 1990.VDM Verlag. ISBN. 978-3-639-16485-5. (1,3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge (2009): Sámi modernitehta ja teorehtalaš boazodoallodiehtu: Reflekšuvdna diehtočoahkkimiin [Sámi modernity and theoretical knowledge of reindeer management: A reflection over knowledge encounters]. In: Keskitalo, Jan Henry, Kristine Nystad og Torunn Pettersen. SámiOahpahus. Sámidutkan. Sámi Ásahus. Sámi allaskuvlla 20-jagi [Sámi education – sámi research – sámi institution. Sámi University College – 20 years] Sámi University College, 119-125. ISBN 978-82-7367-022-9. (1,2,3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Jan Idar Solbakken & Heidi Kitti (2009). Meahcásteapmi Anárjohkas. Naturbruk i Aanárjohkaområdet. Fastboendes bruk av meahcci og konsekvenser ved mulig utvidelse av Øvre Anárjohka Nasjonalpark. Utredningsoppdrag for Fylkesmannen i finnmark, Miljøvernavdelingen. Samisk Høgskole. (3,4) Buanes, Arild, Jan Åge Riseth & Eirik Mikkelsen (2009) Effekter på folk og samfunn. Klimaendringer i norsk Arktis. NorACIA delutredning 4. Rapportserie Norsk Polarinstitutt 131. Tromsø. (3,4) Buanes, Arild, Jan Åge Riseth & Eirik Mikkelsen (2009). Tilpasning og avbøtende tiltak. NorACIA delutredning 5. Rapportserie Norsk Polarinstitutt 132. Tromsø. (3,4) 2008 Tor Arnesen & Jan Åge Riseth (2008) Konfliktfyllda naturskyddsprocesser i Norge. Kapittel 4 i: Sandström, C., S. Hovik og E. I. Falleth. (red.): Omstridd natur. Trender och utmaningar i nordisk naturförvaltning. Umeå: Borea, 83-104. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge & Arvid Holte (2008) Rennäring och nationalparker i Norge. Kapittel 13 i: Sandström, C., S. Hovik og E. I. Falleth. (red.): Omstridd natur. Trender och utmaningar i nordisk naturförvaltning. Umeå: Borea, 269-290. (3,4) Malnes, E., J. Haarpainter, C. Johansson, H. Tømmervik & J. Å. Riseth (2008) Multisensor satellite measurements of snow properties on reindeer pastures in North Scandinavian Mountains. Poster to International workshop on Microwave remote sensing for land hydrology, Oxnard, California, USA, October 20-22, 2008. (5) Riseth, Jan Åge (2008) Parks for Whom? A Norwegian Policy Dilemma: Recreation versus Indigenous Interests. In: Antonio Raschi and Sonia Trampetti (eds.).Management for Protection and Sustainable Development. The Fourth international Conference on Monitoring and Management of Visitor Flows in Recreational and Protecred Areas, Montecatini Terme Italy 14-19 October 2008. Proceedings, 384-389. (3,4) Lie, I., J. Å Riseth & B. Holst (2008). Samisk reindrift i et skiftende klimabilde. Rapport 2008:8. Norut Alta, Alta. (1,2,3,4) 2007 Caballero, R., J. Å. Riseth, N. Labba, E. Tyran, W. Musial, E. Molik, A. Boltshauser, P. Hofstetter , A. Gueydon, N. Roeder, H. Hoffmann, M. B. Moreira, I. S. Coelho, O. Brito and Á. Gil (2007). Comparative Typology in Six European Low-Intensity Systems of Grassland Management. Advances in Agronomy: 96:351-420. (1,3,4) Riseth. Jan Åge (2007): An Indigenous Perspective on National Parks and Sámi Reindeer Management in Norway. Geographical Research, June 2007 45(2):177-185. doi:10.1111/j.1745-5871.2007.00449.x (3,4) Labba, N. & J.Å. Riseth (2007) Analys av den samiska renskötselns ekonomiska tillpassning. Renen, intäktskälla eller kulturfäste? The 14th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research, Helsinki/Vantaa, Finland, 20-22 March 2006. Rangifer Report No. 12, 57-70. (3.4) Sköld, Peter & Riseth, Jan Åge (2007) Förord. // Renskötseln är mitt liv : Analys av den samiska renskötselns ekonomiska anpassning, Nordin, Åsa (ed.).Miscellaneous publications : Publications from Vaartoe - Centre for Sami Research, ISSN 1651 5455; S. 17-18. (3,4) Riseth, J. Å. & L. Oksanen (2007) RESSURSØKONOMISKE OG ØKOLOGISKE PERSPEKTIVER PÅ GRENSEOVERSKRIDENDE REINDRIFT. I: E.G. Broderstad, E, Niemi,. & I. Sommerseth: “Grenseoverskridende reindrift før og etter 1905”. Skriftserie ,nr. 14. Senter for samiske studier. Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, 93-113. ISSN 0804-6093. (1,2,3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Lauri Oksanen, Niklas Labba & Bernt Johansen (2007) MACRO POLICIES OF ECONOMY & BORDER CROSSING : OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS FOR SÁMI REINDEER HERD MANAGEMENT IN NORTHERN SAPMI. The workshop “Economic and ecological analysis of grazing systems” 5-6 June 2007, Centre of Economic Research and Department of Economics at Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. (1,2,3,4) 2006 Riseth, J.Å (2006) “Sámi reindeer herd managers: why do they stay in a low-profit business? ” The British Food Journal. 108 (7) Emerald. ISSN: 0007-070X, 541-559. (3,4) Labba, Niklas, Svein Ole Granefjell, Björn Linder & Jan Åge Riseth (2006). ”Analyse av den samiske reindriftas økonomiske tilpasning” Reinen; Inntekstkilde eller kulturforankring? Diedut 4/2006, Kautokeino. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge, Tor Arnesen & Terje Skjeggedal (2006) Between Conservation and Utilisation Pressure. Indigenous Perspectives on The Grand Scheme of Nature Conservation Areas in Norway. International Geographical Union:IGU 2006, Brisbane Conference, 3-7 July, Brisbane , Australia (3,4) Arnesen, Tor, Jan Åge Riseth & Terje Skjeggedal. (2006). Protection and equity. Local and indigenous encounters with the grand scheme of area protection in Norway. Presentation at ISSRM 2006. The 12th International symposium on Society and Resource Management, "Social Sciences in Resource Management: Global Challenges - Local Responses" June 3-8, 2006. Simon Fraser University Vancouver B.C., CANADA. (3,4)

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Riseth, Jan Åge & Tor Arnesen (2006) DET HER VA JO FINT - DET TAR VI! ”LANDSPLANEN FOR NASJONALPARKER OG STØRRE VERNEOMRÅDER (ST.PRP. 62. 1991-92) I INSTITUSJONELT PERSPEKTIV. Muntlig presentasjon på: Förvaltning av omstridda naturresurser. Nordiska trender och nye utmaningar. Umeå, 15.-16. mars 2006. Umeå universitet og NIBR, Umeå. (3,4) 2005 Riseth, J.Å. 2005. “So the last shall be first, and the first last”? Sámi Reindeer Management vs. other land users in Mid-Scandinavia. Chapter 3 in: Cant, G., J. Inns & A. Goodall . Discourses and Silences: Indigenous Peoples, Risks and Resistance. Department of Geography, Univ.of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 35-55. ISBN 0-473-01628-0. (3,4) Riseth, Jan Åge. 2005. Nature protection and the colonial legacy - Sámi reindeer management versus urban recreation: the case of Junkerdal-Balvatn, Northern Norway. In: Tiina Peil and Michael Jones (eds) Landscape, Law and Justice. Proceedings of a conference organised by the Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Oslo 15-19 June 2003 The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture. 325 pages, maps. Ill., Serie B: Skrifter vol. CXVIII (118). Novus forlag, Oslo, 173-186. (3,4) Riseth, J.Å. N. Labba & J. K. H. Kalstad (2005) Analyse av den samiske reindriftas økonomiske tilpasning - Et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom Nordisk Samisk Institutt (NSI) og Umeå Universitet (UU), Centrum för samisk forskning (CESAM) The 13th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research.. Røros, Norge, 23-25 august 2004. Rangifer Report No. 10, 69-78. (3,4) Tømmervik, H., K.-A. Høgda, J. Å. Riseth, S.-R. Karlsen & F. E. Wielgolaski (2005). Endringer i vekstsesongen i Fennoskandia og Kola i perioden 1982-1999 og betydning for reindriften. The 13th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Røros, Norge, 23- 25 august 2004. Rangifer Report No. 10, 89-98. (2) Riseth, J.Å. & T Arnesen, 2005. “Rural & indigenous encounters with central governed processes of nature protection in Norway” Poster presentation at ISSRM 2005. The 11th International symposium on Society and Resource Management, June 16-19, Östersund,Sweden. (3,4) 2004 Riseth, J.Å., B.Johansen, & A.Vatn, 2004. Aspects of a two-pasture-herbivore model. Rangifer, Special Issue 1, 65-81. (1) Riseth, J.Å., N. Labba & B. Johansen, 2004. Sustaining Sámi Reindeer Management in Northern Fennoscandia. Oral presentation at XI World Congress of Rural Sociology: Globalisation, Risks and Resistance in rural economies and societies.Trondheim-Norway 25-30,July,2004. Working group 9. Extensive Livestock productions. New opportunities for rural communities in a globalised world? Convenors M. B.Moreira & J:Å Riseth. Trondheim Centre for Rural research. Book of Abstracts:92. (1,3,4) Riseth, J.Å. & F. Gundersen, 2004. “So the last shall be first, and the first last”? Sámi Reindeer Management vs. other land users in Mid-Scandinavia. Oral presentation at XI World Congress of Rural Sociology: Globalisation, Risks and Resistance in rural economies and societies.Trondheim- Norway 25-30,July,2004. Working group 5. First Nation Convenor: G Cant. Trondheim Centre for Rural research. Book of Abstracts: 60. (3,4) Niemeyer, K. & J.Å. Riseth, 2004. Impact of changing socio-economic and cultural factors on the stability of co-operative large scale grazing systems. Oral presentation at XI World Congress of Rural Sociology: Globalisation, Risks and Resistance in rural economies and societies.Trondheim-Norway 25-30,July,2004. Working group 9. Extensive Livestock productions. New opportunities for rural communities in a globalised world? Convenors M. B.Moreira & J:Å Riseth. Trondheim Centre for Rural research. Book of Abstracts:92. (3,4) 2003 Riseth, J.Å, (2003) Sámi Reindeer Management in Norway: Modernization Challenges and Conflicting Strategies. In: Jentoft, S., H. Minde and R. Nielsen (eds.), INDIGENOUS PEOPLES: Resource Management and Global Rights. Eburon, Delft, Netherlands., 229-247. ISBN 90 5166978 X (1,3,4) Riseth, J.Å, G.R.Karlsen & B. Ulvevadet, (2003): Reindeer management in Fennoscandia as a Tool for Biodiversity in a European Policy Context. Landscape Development, Biodiversity and co-operative Livestock Systems in Europe (LACOPE). Oral presentation at the 11th Arctic Ungulate Conference- Saariselkä, Finland, August 24-28,2003. Abstract in: Rangifer Report 7/2003:20. (3,4) Ulvevadet, B. ,J. Å. Riseth & G.R: Karlsen (2003). Analysis of different processes having an effect on co-operative livestock systems in northern Fennoscandia. Oral presentation at the 11th Arctic Ungulate Conference- Saariselkä, Finland, August 24-28,2003. Abstract in: Rangifer Report 7/2003:20. (3,4) Riseth, J.Å (2003): Nature Conservancy and Recreation Policies’ Impacts on an Indigenous Resource Management Practice – Some Perspectives on the Case of Sámi Reindeer Management in Balvatn, Northern Norway. Landscape, Law & Justice. International Conference Oslo June 15-2003. Centre for Advanced Study, Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Oslo 2002-2003. (3,4) 2002 Riseth, J.Å., 2002. A Theoretical and Methodological Approach towards the Study of Overgrazing in Sámi Reindeer Management of Norway; Interdisciplinarity and Comparative Method, In: Soppela, P., W. Ruth, B. Åhman and J.Å. Riseth (eds.),:”Reindeer as a keystone species in the North” – Proceedings of the 1st CAES PhD course, 1-15 September 2000, northern Finland, Finnmark, Norway, and Kola Peninsula, Russia. CAES Network. Rovaniemi, Rovaniemien Painatuskeskus/ Arctic Centre University of Lapland, 9-22. ISSN 1235-0583 ISBN 951-634-838-6. (1) Soppela, P., W. Ruth, B. Åhman and J.Å. Riseth (eds.) 2002:”Reindeer as a keystone species in the North” – Proceedings of the 1st CAES PhD course, 1-15 September 2000, northern Finland, Finnmark, Norway, and Kola Peninsula, Russia. CAES Network. Rovaniemi, Rovaniemien Painatuskeskus/ Arctic Centre University of Lapland. (1,3,4) Riseth, J.Å & B. Johansen (2002): Development of a dynamic two-pasture – herbivore model. Int. workshop. Nat. Pastures and Mob. Animal Husb., Univ.of Oulo, Dept. of Geography, Finland 12-14 June, 2002. (1)

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PI WP 5 Climate impact observation systems

Name: Nigel G. Yoccoz

Flagship institution: Dept of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø

Academic degrees: PhD, Habilitation

Positions -Lecturer at University of Lyon 1990-1996 -Researcher at Norwegian Institute for Nature Research NINA), Tromsø 1997- 2003, Adjunct position after 2003 -Professor at University of Tromsø (adjunct 2000-2003, full after 2003)

Administrative commitments -Project leader “Fox-Vole-Echinococcus on Svalbard” (NFR; 2002-2006) -Project leader “Arctic Predators” (IPY; 2007-2010) -President of the Scientific Committee of the French Polar Institute (2006- 2009; vice-president 2010-2013)

Teaching/supervision -Ecological Methodology: Master/PhD course at UiTø since 2000 -Graduate students completed their degree at UiT: MSc (5), PhD (4)

5 most important publications publication (related WP5) Albert, C. H., N. G. Yoccoz, T. C. Edwards, C. H. Graham, N. E. Zimmermann, and W. Thuiller. 2010. Sampling in ecology and evolution – bridging the gap between theory and practice. Ecography 33:1028-1037. Gaillard, J.-M., M. Festa-Bianchet, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Loison, and C. Toïgo. 2000. Temporal variation in fitness components and population dynamics of large herbivores. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:367-393. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, and S. T. Killengreen. 2011. Determinants of lemming outbreaks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:1970-1974. Mysterud, A., N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, N. Pettorelli, and N. C. Stenseth. 2008. Hierarchical path analysis of deer responses to direct and indirect effects of climate in northern forest. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 363:2359–2368. Yoccoz, N. G., J. D. Nichols, and T. Boulinier. 2001. Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16:446-453.

Publication list last 10 years (only those related to WP 5 of 122 titles) Albert, C. H., W. Thuiller, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Soudant, F. Boucher, P. Saccone, and S. Lavorel. 2010. Intraspecific functional variability: extent, structure and sources of variation. Journal of Ecology 98:604-613. Albert, C. H., N. G. Yoccoz, T. C. Edwards, C. H. Graham, N. E. Zimmermann, and W. Thuiller. 2010. Sampling in ecology and evolution – bridging the gap between theory and practice. Ecography 33:1028-1037.

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Araújo, M. B., W. Thuiller, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Reopening the climate envelope reveals macroscale associations with climate in European birds. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:E45-E46. Beaumont, L. J., A. Pitman, S. Perkins, N. E. Zimmermann, N. G. Yoccoz, and W. Thuiller. 2011. Impacts of climate change on the world's most exceptional ecoregions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:2306-2311. Bischof, R., J. E. Swenson, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Mysterud, and O. Gimenez. 2009. The magnitude and selectivity of natural and multiple anthropogenic mortality causes in hunted brown bears. Journal of Animal Ecology 78:656-665. Bråthen, K. A., R. A. Ims, N. G. Yoccoz, P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, and V. H. Hausner. 2007. Induced shift in ecosystem productivity ? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10:773-789. Bustnes, J. O., N. G. Yoccoz, G. Bangjord, D. Herzke, L. Ahrens, and J. U. Skaare. 2011. Impacts of Climate and Feeding Conditions on the Annual Accumulation (1986-2009) of Persistent Organic Pollutants in a Terrestrial Raptor. Environmental Science & Technology 45:7542-7547. Bårdsen, B. J., P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, K. Langeland, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. Experimental evidence of a risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Ecology 89:829-837. Certain, G., O. Skarpaas, J.-W. Bjerke, E. Framstad, M. Lindholm, J.-E. Nilsen, A. Norderhaug, E. Oug, H.-C. Pedersen, A.-K. Schartau, G. I. van der Meeren, I. Aslaksen, S. Engen, P.-A. Garnåsjordet, P. Kvaløy, M. Lillegård, N. G. Yoccoz, and S. Nybø. 2011. The Nature Index: A General Framework for Synthesizing Knowledge on the State of Biodiversity. PLoS ONE 6:e18930. Descamps, S., N. G. Yoccoz, J. M. Gaillard, H. G. Gilchrist, K. E. Erikstad, S. A. Hanssen, B. Cazelles, M. R. Forbes, and J. Bety. 2010. Detecting population heterogeneity in effects of North Atlantic Oscillations on seabird body condition: get into the rhythm. Oikos 119:1526-1536. Ehrich, D., J.-A. Henden, R. Ims, L. Doronina, S. Killengren, N. Lecomte, I. Pokrovsky, G. Skogstad, A. Sokolov, V. Sokolov, and N. Yoccoz. 2011. The importance of willow thickets for ptarmigan and hares in shrub tundra: the more the better? Oecologia:1-11. Ehrich, D., A. Tarroux, J. Stien, N. Lecomte, S. Killengreen, D. Berteaux, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2011. Stable isotope analysis: modelling lipid normalization for muscle and eggs from arctic mammals and birds. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 2:66-76. Ehrich, D., N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2009. Multi-annual density fluctuations and habitat size enhance genetic variability in two northern voles. Oikos 118:1441-1452. Gaillard, J. M., N. G. Yoccoz, J. D. Lebreton, C. Bonenfant, S. Devillard, A. Loison, D. Pontier, and D. Allainé. 2005. Generation time: A reliable metric to measure life-history variation among mammalian populations. American Naturalist 166:119-123. Gaillard, J.-M., M. Festa-Bianchet, and N. G. Yoccoz. 1998. Population dynamics of large herbivores: variable recruitment with constant adult survival. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13:58-63. Gaillard, J.-M., M. Festa-Bianchet, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Loison, and C. Toïgo. 2000. Temporal variation in fitness components and population dynamics of large herbivores. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 31:367-393. Gaillard, J.-M. and N. G. Yoccoz. 2003. Temporal variation in survival of mammals: A case of environmental canalization? Ecology 84:3294-3306. Gilg, O. and N. G. Yoccoz. 2010. Explaining bird migration. Science 327:276-277. Guisan, A., O. Broennimann, R. Engler, M. Vust, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Lehmann, and N. E. Zimmermann. 2006. Using niche-based models to improve the sampling of rare species. Conservation Biology 20:501-511. Hagen, S. B., J. U. Jepsen, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2007. Shifting altitudinal distribution of outbreak zones of winter moth Operophtera brumata in sub-arctic birch forest: a response to recent climate warming? Ecography 30:299-307.

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Hagen, S. B., J. U. Jepsen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. Anisotropic patterned population synchrony in climatic gradients indicates nonlinear climatic forcing. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 275:1509-1515. Hamel, S., J. M. Gaillard, N. G. Yoccoz, A. Loison, C. Bonenfant, and S. Descamps. 2010. Fitness costs of reproduction depend on life speed: empirical evidence from mammalian populations. Ecology Letters 13:915-935. Hausner, V. H., N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2003. Selecting indicator traits for monitoring land use impacts: Birds in northern coastal birch forests. Ecological Applications 13:999-1012. Hausner, V. H., N. G. Yoccoz, K. B. Strann, and R. A. Ims. 2002. Changes in bird communities by planting non-native spruce in coastal birch forests of northern Norway. Ecoscience 9:470-481. Henden, J. A., B. J. Bardsen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. Impacts of differential prey dynamics on the potential recovery of endangered arctic fox populations. Journal of Applied Ecology 45:1086-1093. Henden, J. A., R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Nonstationary spatio-temporal small rodent dynamics: evidence from long-term Norwegian fox bounty data. Journal of Animal Ecology 78:636-645. Henden, J. A., N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims, B. J. Bårdsen, and A. Angerbjörn. 2009. Phase-dependent effect of conservation efforts in cyclically fluctuating populations of arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus). Biological Conservation 142:2586-2592. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, K. A. Bråthen, P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, and V. Hausner. 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10:607-622. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, and S. B. Hagen. 2004. Do sub-Arctic winter moth populations in coastal birch forest exhibit spatially synchronous dynamics? Journal of Animal Ecology 73:1129-1136. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, and S. T. Killengreen. 2011. Determinants of lemming outbreaks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:1970-1974. Iversen, M., K. A. Brathen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2009. Predictors of plant phenology in a diverse high-latitude alpine landscape: growth forms and topography. Journal of Vegetation Science 20:903-915. Jepsen, J. U., S. B. Hagen, K. A. Hogda, R. A. Ims, S. R. Karlsen, H. Tommervik, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. Remote Sensing of Environment 113:1939-1947. Jepsen, J. U., S. B. Hagen, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2008. Climate change and outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata in subarctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion. Journal of Animal Ecology 77:257-264. Killengreen, S. T., R. A. Ims, N. G. Yoccoz, K. A. Bråthen, J. A. Henden, and T. Schott. 2007. Structural characteristics of a low Arctic tundra ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox. Biological Conservation 135:459-472. Killengreen, S. T., N. Lecomte, D. Ehrich, T. Schott, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2011. The importance of marine vs. human-induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the arctic tundra. Journal of Animal Ecology 80:1049-1060. Lambin, X., V. Bretagnolle, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2006. Vole population cycles in northern and southern Europe: Is there a need for different explanations for single pattern? Journal of Animal Ecology 75:340-349. Lambin, X., C. J. Krebs, R. Moss, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2002. Population cycles: inferences from experimental, modeling and time series approaches. Pages 155-176 in A. A. Berryman, editor. Population cycles: the case for trophic interactions. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Lecomte, N., Ø. Ahlstrøm, D. Ehrich, E. Fuglei, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2011. Intrapopulation variability shaping isotope discrimination and turnover: experimental evidence in Arctic foxes. PLoS ONE 6:e21357.

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Lecomte, N., D. Ehrich, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Toward understanding the effect of top predators on ecosystems. F-1000 Biology Reports 1:26-29. Mjaaseth, R. R., S. B. Hagen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2005. Phenology and abundance in relation to climatic variation in a sub-arctic insect herbivore-mountain birch system. Oecologia 145:53-65. Mysterud, A., N. C. Stenseth, N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, and G. Steinheim. 2001. Nonlinear effects of large-scale climatic variability on wild and domestic herbivores. Nature 410:1096-1099. Mysterud, A., N. C. Stenseth, N. G. Yoccoz, G. Ottersen, and R. Langvatn. 2002. The response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate variability associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Pages 235-262 in J. W. Hurrell, Y. Kushnir, G. Ottersen, and M. Visbeck, editors. The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic significance and environmental impact. Geophysical Monograph Series Volume 134. Mysterud, A., N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, N. Pettorelli, and N. C. Stenseth. 2008. Hierarchical path analysis of deer responses to direct and indirect effects of climate in northern forest. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 363:2359–2368. Mysterud, A., N. G. Yoccoz, N. C. Stenseth, and R. Langvatn. 2000. Relationships between sex ratio, climate and density in red deer: the importance of spatial scale. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:959- 974. Pettorelli, N., A. Mysterud, N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, and N. C. Stenseth. 2005. Importance of climatological downscaling and plant phenology for red deer in heterogeneous landscapes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 272:2357-2364. Randin, C. F., H. Jaccard, P. Vittoz, N. G. Yoccoz, and A. Guisan. 2009. Land use improves spatial predictions of mountain plant abundance but not presence-absence. Journal of Vegetation Science 20:996-1008. Ravolainen, V. T., N. G. Yoccoz, K. A. Bråthen, R. A. Ims, M. Iversen, and V. T. Gonzalez. 2010. Additive partitioning of diversity reveals no scale-dependent impacts of large ungulates on the structure of tundra plant communities. Ecosystems 13:157-170. Sandvik, H., K. E. Erikstad, R. T. Barrett, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2005. The effect of climate on adult survival in five species of North Atlantic seabirds. Journal of Animal Ecology 74:817-831. Saraux, C., C. Le Bohec, J. M. Durant, V. A. Viblanc, M. Gauthier-Clerc, D. Beaune, Y.-H. Park, N. G. Yoccoz, N. C. Stenseth, and Y. Le Maho. 2011. Reliability of flipper-banded penguins as indicators of climate change. Nature 469:203-206. Schott, T., S. B. Hagen, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2010. Are population outbreaks in sub-arctic geometrids terminated by larval parasitoids? Journal of Animal Ecology 79:701-708. Singh, N. J., N. G. Yoccoz, Y. V. Bhatnagar, and J. L. Fox. 2009. Using habitat suitability models to sample rare species in high-altitude ecosystems: a case study with Tibetan argali. Biodiversity and Conservation 18:2893-2908. Skonhoft, A., N. G. Yoccoz, N. C. Stenseth, J. M. Gaillard, and A. Loison. 2002. Management of chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra) moving between a protected core area and a hunting area. Ecological Applications 12:1199-1211. Stenseth, N. C., G. Ottersen, J. W. Hurrell, A. Mysterud, M. Lima, K. S. Chan, N. G. Yoccoz, and B. Ådlandsvik. 2003. Studying climate effects on ecology through the use of climate indices: the North Atlantic Oscillation, El Nino Southern Oscillation and beyond. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 270:2087-2096. Strann, K.-B., N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2002. Is the heart of Fennoscandian rodent cycle still beating? A 14- year study of small mammals and Tengmalm's owls in northern Norway. Ecography 25:81-87. Tveraa, T., P. Fauchald, N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims, R. Aanes, and K. A. Høgda. 2007. What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116:706-715.

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Yoccoz, N. G., J. O. Bustnes, G. Bangjord, and J. U. Skaare. 2009. Reproduction and survival of tawny owls in relation to persistent organic pollutants. Environment International 35:107-112. Yoccoz, N. G., K. E. Erikstad, J. O. Bustnes, S. A. Hanssen, and T. Tveraa. 2002. Costs of reproduction in common eiders (Somateria mollissima): an assessment of relationships between reproductive effort and future survival and reproduction based on observational and experimental studies. Journal of Applied Statistics 29:57-64. Yoccoz, N. G. and R. A. Ims. 1999. Demography of small mammal in cold regions: the importance of environmental variability. Ecological Bulletins 47:137-144. Yoccoz, N. G. and R. A. Ims. 2004. Spatial population dynamics of small mammals: some methodological and practical issues. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 27:427-435. Yoccoz, N. G., A. Mysterud, R. Langvatn, and N. C. Stenseth. 2002. Age- and density-dependent reproductive effort in male red deer. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B- Biological Sciences 269:1523-1528. Yoccoz, N. G., J. D. Nichols, and T. Boulinier. 2001. Monitoring of biological diversity in space and time. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 16:446-453. Yoccoz, N. G., N. C. Stenseth, H. Henttonen, and A.-C. Prévot-Julliard. 2001. Effects of food addition on the seasonal density-dependent structure of bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus populations. Journal of Animal Ecology 70:713-720 Zimmermann, N. E., N. G. Yoccoz, T. C. Edwards, E. S. Meier, W. Thuiller, A. Guisan, D. R. Schmatz, and P. B. Pearman. 2009. Climatic extremes improve predictions of spatial patterns of tree species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:19723-19728.

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Co-PI WP 5 Climate impact observation systems

Name: Per Fauchald

Flagship institution: Norwegian institute for nature research (NINA)

Academic degrees 1999: Doctor of Science (PhD) in Biology 1994: Cand. Scient (Master) in Biology 1990: Cand. Mag. (Bachelor) in Biology

Positions 2007 –present: Senior Researcher, NINA 2007 –present: Professor (20% position), University of Tromsø (UIT) 1999-2007: Researcher NINA 1995-1999: PhD fellowship from Research Council of Norway (NFR), Norwegian College of Fishery Science

Administrative commitments Major research projects Projects funded by the Norwegian Research Council

Period Name Role in project 2012-2015 Human impacts in coastal ecosystems Project leader -effects on ecosystem structure and function (Strategic Institute Program)

2012-2015 Response of Antarctic seabirds to a changing environment: from Active partner oceanographic conditions to foraging behaviour and demography

2009-2013 Drivers of change in circumpolar tundra ecosystems (TUNDRA) Active partner

2008-2012 Ecosystem Finnmark (EcoFinn): Ungulate overabundance, trophic Active partner cascades and subsidies 2006-2011 Coastal ecosystems: Human impact and ecosystem indicators Project leader (Strategic Institute Program) 2006-2010 Ecosystem dynamics under influence of natural and human drivers Active partner (Strategic Institute Program) 2006-2009 Barents Sea Ecosystem Dynamics – a Spatial Approach Active partner 2005-2008 Life history Strategies in Ungulates Project leader 2003-2007 Ecosystem Finnmark Active partner 2003-2007 Apex predators in the Marine Ecosystem Project leader 2002-2004 Effekten av klimavariasjon, reintetthet og demografi på Active partner produksjonen innen reindriften i Finnmark 2001-2002 Naturlig produksjon og høsting i reindriftsnæringen: Et Active partner studium basert på data fra reindriftsnæringen

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Other projects Period Name Funding Role in project 2011- AMINOR –forskerskole for avanserte Fram Centre, The Ministry of Project leader miljøstudier i nordområdene Environment

2011- TUNDRAscape: Analyzing the effect of Fram Centre, MD Project leader climate and human uses on tundra ecosystems by remote sensing

2006- SEAPOP –seabird population management The Ministry of Environment, Project leader of and petroleum operations the Ministry of Petroleum and sub-project Energy, Norwegian oil and gas companies 2000- Tapsårsaker i reindriften Directorate for Nature Active partner Management/LMD 2005 Utbredelsen av sjøfugl i Barentshavet og Norwegian oil and gas Project leader Norskehavet companies 2004 Fordeling av sjøfugl i åpent hav og Norwegian oil and gas Project leader miljørettet risikoanalyse companies

Teaching/supervision

University courses: During my PhD period at UiT, I developed and was responsible for a 10STP master course in ecological methodology -Bio-3123 Økologisk metodikk: studiedesign og statistisk analyse, 1996-1998. As a professor II at UIT, I developed and am currently responsible for a 10STP master course in ecological and natural management. -NAB 3004 Ecological Management of Natural Resources, 2006-2009 -BIO 3002 Ecological Applications, 2010-

I have been used as a lecturer at several university courses including: - Bio-424 Life-history strategies, UIT (1998 – 2002) - Bio-3506 Marine top-predators, UIT (2000-) - NAB-2003: Vassdrag- og utmarksforvaltning i nordområdene, UIT (2004-2007)

Co-supervisor for Cand Scient students: Hege Skarsfjord (1995), Halvor Engebretsen (1996), Hanno Sandvik (1997), Stein Nilsen (1998), Endre Knudsen (1999), Øystein Varpe (2002), Cecilie Andreassen (2002) Supervisor for Master students: Camilla Anita Spansvoll (2008), Vegard Haukeland (2008), Leif Anders Somby (2009), Ellen Margrethe Oskal (2009), Maret Hætta (2009), Julie Gaukerud Sørby (2009) , Sigrid Engen (2010) Co-supervisor for PhD students Hanno Sandvik (UIT 2004), Arnauld Mosnier (University of Quebec, 2007), Marius Warg Næss (UIT, 2009) Supervisor for PhD students Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen (UIT, 2009)

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Five important publications publication

Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Hausner VH. 2007. Density-dependent productivity regimes among reindeer herds: a case for induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Ecosystems 10: 773-789. Ims RA, Bråthen KA, Fauchald P, Hausner VH, Tveraa T, Yoccoz NG. 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? The impact of semi-domestic reindeers on other tundra herbivores under contrasting stocking densities. Ecosystems 10: 607-622. Tveraa T, Fauchald P, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Aanes R, Høgda KA. 2007. What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116: 706-715. Fauchald P, Mauritzen M, Gjøsæter H. 2006. Density-dependent migratory waves in the marine pelagic ecosystem. Ecology 87: 2915-2924. Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2003. Using first passage time in the analysis of area restricted search and habitat selection. Ecology 84: 282-288.

Publication list last 10 years

Fauchald P, Skov H, Skern-Mauritzen M, Johns D, Tveraa T. 2011. Wasp-waist interactions in the North Sea ecosystem. PLoS ONE 6:7. Hausner VH, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Pedersen E, Jernsletten J-L, Ulvevadet B, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Bråthen KA. 2011. The ghost of development past: the impact of economic security policies on Saami pastoral ecosystems. Ecology and Society 16: 4. Fauchald P, Skov H, Skern-Mauritzen M, Hausner VH, Johns D, Tveraa T. 2011. Scale-dependent response diversity of seabirds to prey in the North Sea. Ecology 92: 228-239. Bårdsen B-J, Henden J-A, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Stien A. 2011. Plastic reproductive allocation as a buffer against environmental stochasticity – linking life history and population dynamics to climate. Oikos 120: 245-257. Fauchald P. 2010. Predator-prey reversal - a possible mechanism for ecosystem hysteresis in the North Sea? Ecology 91: 2191–2197 Næss MW, Bårdsen B-J, Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2010. Cooperative pastoral production -the importance of kinship. Evolution and Human Behavior. 31: 246-258. Bårdsen B-J, Tveraa T, Fauchald P, Langeland K. 2010. Observational evidence of risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Oecologia 162:627–639. Fauchald P. 2009. Spatial interaction between seabirds and prey: review and synthesis. Marine Ecology Progress Series 391: 139–151. Erikstad KE, Sandvik H, Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2009. Short- and long-term consequences of reproductive decisions: an experimental study in the puffin. Ecology 90: 3197–3208. Bårdsen B-J, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Langeland K, Nieminen M. 2009. Experimental evidence of cost of lactation in a low risk environment for a long-lived mammal. Oikos 118: 837-852. Næss MW, Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2009. Scale dependency and the “marginal” value of labor. Human Ecology 37:193-211. Sandvik H, Erikstad KE, Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2008. High natal recruitment in a long-lived seabird: insights from a long-term study in the Atlantic puffin. The Auk 125: 723-730. Bustnes JO, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Helberg M, Skaare JU. 2008. The potential impact of environmental variation on the concentrations and ecological effects of pollutants in a marine avian top predator. Environmental International 34: 193-201. Ciannelli L, Fauchald P, Chan KS, Agostini VN, Dingsør GE. 2008. Spatial fisheries ecology: recent progress and future prospects. Journal of Marine Systems 71: 223-236.

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Bårdsen B-J, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Langeland K, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA. 2008. Experimental evidence of a risk sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Ecology 89: 829- 837. Bråthen KA, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Hausner VH. 2007. Density-dependent productivity regimes among reindeer herds: a case for induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Ecosystems 10: 773-789. Ims RA, Bråthen KA, Fauchald P, Hausner VH, Tveraa T, Yoccoz NG. 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? The impact of semi-domestic reindeers on other tundra herbivores under contrasting stocking densities. Ecosystems 10: 607-622. Tveraa T, Fauchald P, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Aanes R, Høgda KA. 2007. What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116: 706-715. Fauchald P, Rødven R, Bårdsen B-J, Langeland K, Tveraa T, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA. 2007. Escaping parasitism in the selfish herd- age, size and density-dependent warble fly infestation in reindeers. Oikos 116: 491-499. Redfern JV, Ferguson MC, Becker EA, Hyrenbach KD, Good C, Barlow J, Kaschner K, Baumgartner MF, Forney KA, Ballance LT, Fauchald P, Halpin P, Hamazaki T, Pershing AJ, Qian SS, Read A, Reilly SB, Torres L, Werner F. 2006. Techniques for cetacean - habitat modeling. Marine Ecology Progress Series 310: 271-295. Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2006. Hierarchical patch dynamics and animal movement pattern. Oecologia 149: 383-395. Fauchald P, Mauritzen M, Gjøsæter H. 2006. Density-dependent migratory waves in the marine pelagic ecosystem. Ecology 87: 2915-2924. Fauchald P, Tveraa T, Henaug C, Yoccoz NG. 2004. Adaptive regulation of body reserves in reindeer, Rangifer tarandus: a feeding experiment. Oikos 107: 583-591. Tveraa T, Fauchald P, Henaug C, Yoccoz NG. 2003. An examination of a compensatory relationship between food limitation and predation in semi-domestic reindeer. Oecologia 127: 370-376. Fauchald P, Tveraa T. 2003. Using first passage time in the analysis of area restricted search and habitat selection. Ecology 84: 282-288. Fauchald P, Erikstad KE, Systad GH. 2002. Seabirds and marine oil activity: is it possible to predict the spatial distribution of pelagic seabirds. Journal of Applied Ecology 39:349-361. Fauchald P, Erikstad KE. 2002. Scale dependent predator-prey interactions in the marine ecosystem; the aggregative response of guillemots to capelin under variable capelin abundance and patchiness. Marine Ecology Progress Series 231:279-291.

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Curriculum Vitae Flaggship Institutions

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Institution CV for: Northern Population and Ecosystem Unit, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, WP-PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence R. A. Ims Flagship leader Tundra and subarctic forest ecosystem, landscape Researcher ecology, invasive species, climate ecology, adaptive WP1,2,4,5 monitoring V. H. Hausner PI WP4 Management of ecosystem services, cross-disciplinary Researcher WP5 research on socio-ecological systems N.G. Yoccoz PI WP5 Ecological statistics, Tundra and subarctic forest Researcher WP1,2,4 ecosystem, climate ecology, mathematical models, adaptive monitoring K.A. Bråthen Co-PI WP1 Alpine and arctic tundra systems, plant ecology, Researcher WP4,5 herbivore-plant interactions L. Nilsen Researcher WP1,2, 5 Plant ecology, phenology, remote sensing, spatial modeling L. Cooper Researcher WP1,2,5 Plant winter ecology, plant-herbivore interactions, climate ecology, soil ecology D. Ehrich Researcher WP1,4,5 Tundra ecosystems, ecosystem services, adaptive monitoring S.T. Killengreen Researcher WP1,4 Conservation biology, species invasions, adaptive management J.A. Henden Postdoc WP1,2, 5 Climate eology, animal population dynamics, modeling V. Ravolainen Postdoc WP1,5 Plant herbivore-interactions, vegetation change A. Voniscotte Postdoc WP1,2 Species distribution models S. Hammel Postdoc WP5 Demography of large herbivores, monitoring methods F. Barraquand Postdoc WP2 Mathematical population models, ecology-economy modeling M. Aanesen Postdoc WP4 Economics, Management of ecosystem services, E.-G. Broderstad Postdoc WP4 Governance, indigenous people J. Smith Postdoc WP4 Game management P. Semenchuk PhD student WP2 Plant winter ecology G. Arnesen PhD student WP 1,5 Remote sensing of arctic vegetation T. Schott PhD student WP2 Insect pest outbreaks in subarctic birch forest O.P. Vindstad PhD student WP2 Insect pest outbreaks in subarctic birch forest, phenology B. Ulvevadet PhD student WP 3,4 Social science, reindeer herding system J. Stien PhD student WP4 Adaptive management, invasive species E. Soininen PhD student WP1 Plant-herbivore interactions in tundra ecosystems T.E. Barstad PhD student WP1,2 Herbivorous insect in tundra V. González PhD student WP1 Vegetation dynamics and change M. Iversen PhD student WP1 Plant-herbivore interactions, phenology L. Asmyhr PhD student WP5 Adaptive monitoring of small game L. Kapari Research assistant Forest succession, insect outbreaks WP1 I. Jensvoll Outreach WP 5 Outreach, school projects

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2. Current externally funded projects related to Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP 1, 2 ClimMoth RCN – NORKLIMA R. A. Ims (PI) Climate warming and insect 2008-2012 N.G. Yoccoz (Co-PI) outbreaks in sub-artic birch NOK 10.6 mill T. Schott (PhD-student) forest O. P. Vindstad (PhD-stud.) L. Kapari (Res. assistant) LAND-Ecosystem Finnmark RCN – MILJØ2015 R.A. Ims (PI) 1, 4 Ungulate overabundance, 2008-2012 N.G. Yoccoz (Co-PI) trophic cascades and NOK 9.5 mill K.A. Bråthen (Researcher) subsidies J.-A. Henden (Post doc) V. T. Ravolainen (Post doc) EcoCycles: RCN – Biodiversa R. A. Ims (PI) 2 Interacting impacts of land 2009-2012 N.G. Yoccoz (Researcher) use and climate change on NOK 2.17 mill F. Barraquand (Post doc) ecosystem processes TUNDRA: RCN-Miljø2015 V. Hausner (PI) 4 Drivers of change in Tromsø forskningsstiftelse D. Ehrich (Researcher) circumpolar tundra 2009-2013 R.A. Ims (Researcher) Ecosystems NOK 10.0 mill N.G. Yoccoz (Researcher) M. Aanesen (postdoc) E.-G. Broderstad (postdoc) J. Smith (postdoc) Arctic Fox in Finnmark: Directorate for Nature R. A. Ims (PI) 4 Ecosystem constraints and Manage. S.T. Killengreen management 2005-2013 (Researcher) NOK 20.0 mill N.G. Yoccoz (Researcher) I. Jensvoll (adm.) Nordic Centre of Excellence: Nordic Council of Ministers R.A. Ims (Co-PI) 1 How to preserve the tundra 2011-2015 O.P. Vinsdstad (PhD in a warming climate NOK 2.0 mill student) L. Kapari (Research assistant) Climigrate: RCN – Biodiversa N.G. Yoccoz (PI) 2 How ancient DNA studies 2009-2012 A. Vaniscotte (post doc) can predict the response to NOK 0.828 mill climate change in Europe

EcoChange: 6th EU-Framework N.G. Yoccoz (Co-PI) 1,2 Challenges in Assessing and programme K.A. Bråthen (researcher) Forecasting Biodiversity and 2007-2011 A. Vaniscotte (post doc) Ecosystem Changes in NOK 2.55 mill. Europe RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs Bio8106/Bio3122 Climate impacts on key-stone species and interactions Northern Populations and 10 (WP1,2) Ecosystems Statistical modeling of time series (WP5) Management of subarctic and arctic game species (WP4) Bio8105/Bio3123 Observational and experimental study designs applied to Ecological Methodology: Study 10 ecological systems as to estimate various environmental design and statistical analyses impacts by generalized linear models (WP1,2, 5)

BIO 3002 10 Adaptive management of ecosystem services (WP4) Ecological Applications Monitoring ecosystem subject to management (WP5)

BIO-3004 10 Aadaptive management of ecosystems (WP4) Ecosystem-based management BIO 8102/3111 10 GIS as tool for data management, multicriteria decision Geographical information analysis, spatial modeling, environmental monitoring and systems (GIS) and remote change detection (WP1, WP5). sensing

AMINOR Research School to be Coordinated by Terrestrial flagship; developed through Advanced Monitoring Systems decided 2011-2012 and to be implemented in 2013. of Northern environments Education component to WP5

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Paper WP Crespin, L., R. Verhagen, N. C. Stenseth, N. G. Yoccoz, A. C. Prévot-Julliard, and J.-D. 2 Lebreton. 2002. Survival in fluctuating bank vole populations: seasonal and yearly variations. Oikos 98:467-479. Mysterud, A., N. C. Stenseth, N. G. Yoccoz, G. Ottersen, and R. Langvatn. 2002. The response 2, 5 of terrestrial ecosystems to climate variability associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Pages 235-262 in J. W. Hurrell, Y. Kushnir, G. Ottersen, and M. Visbeck, editors. The North Atlantic Oscillation: Climatic significance and environmental impact. Geophysical Monograph Series Volume 134. Aanes, R., Sæther, B-E. Smith, F.M., Cooper, E.J., Wookey, P.A. & Øritsland, N.A., 2002. The 2 Arctic Oscillation predicts effects of climate change in two trophic levels in a High Arctic ecosystem. Ecology Letters 5: 445-453. Strann, K.-B., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Is the heart of the Fennoscandian rodent 2, 5 cycle still beating? A 14-years study of small mammals and Tengmalm’s owls in north Norway. Ecography 25: 81-87 Aars, J. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Climatic and intrinsic determinants of population demography: the 2 winter dynamics of tundra vole populations. Ecology 83: 3449-3456. Hausner, V., Yoccoz, N.G., Strann, K.-B. and Ims, R.A. 2002. Changes in bird communities 1,4 by planting non-native spruce in coastal birch forests of northern Norway. EcoScience 9: 470-481. Cooper, E.J. & Wookey, P.A., 2003. Floral herbivory of Dryas octopetala by Svalbard 1 reindeer. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research 35: 369-376.

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Krebs CJ, Danell K, Angerbjörn A, Agrell J, Berteaux D, Bråthen KA, Danell Ö, Erlinge S, 1, 2, 5 Fedorov V, Fredga K, Hjältén J, Högstedt G, Jónsdóttir IS, Kenney AJ, Kjellén N, Nordin T, Roininen H, Svensson M, Tannerfeldt M & Wiklund C. 2003. Terrestrial trophic dynamics in the Canadian arctic. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81: 827-843. Joly, D., Nilsen, L., Fury, R., Elvebakk, A. & Brossard, T. 2003. Temperature interpolation at a 5 large scale: Test on a small area in Svalbard. International Journal of Climatology 23. 1637-54. Hausner, V., Yoccoz, N.G., & Ims R.A. 2003. Selecting indicator traits for monitoring land 4,5 use impacts: birds in northern coastal birch forests. Ecological Applications 13: 999-1012. Søvik, G., Leinaas, H. P., Ims, R. A. and Solhøy, T. 2003. Population dynamics and life history 2 of the oribatid mite Ameronothrus lineatus (Thorell 1871) (Oribatida, Acari) on the high arctic archipelago of Svalbard: a field study. Pedobiologia 47: 257-271. Gaillard, J.-M. and N. G. Yoccoz. 2003. Temporal variation in survival of mammals: A case of 2 environmental canalization? Ecology 84:3294-3306. Stenseth, N. C., G. Ottersen, J. W. Hurrell, A. Mysterud, M. Lima, K. S. Chan, N. G. Yoccoz, 5 and B. Ådlandsvik. 2003. Studying climate effects on ecology through the use of climate indices: the North Atlantic Oscillation, El Nino Southern Oscillation and beyond. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 270:2087-2096. Tveraa, T., P. Fauchald, C. Henaug, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2003. An examination of a compensatory relationship between food limitation and predation in semi-domestic 1,2 reindeer. Oecologia 137:370-376. Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2004. Spatial population dynamics of small mammals: some 5 methodological issues. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 27.1: 427-435. Bråthen KA & Hagberg O. 2004. More efficient estimation of plant biomass. Journal of 1,5 Vegetation Science 15: 653-660. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, and S. B. Hagen. 2004. Do sub-Arctic winter moth populations in 2, 5 coastal birch forest exhibit spatially synchronous dynamics? Journal of Animal Ecology 73:1129-1136. Cooper, E.J., 2004. Out of sight, out of mind: thermal acclimation of root respiration in arctic 2 Ranunculus. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research 36 (3) 307-312. Ims, R.A., Leinaas, H.P. & Coulson, S. J. 2004. Spatial and temporal variation in patch occupancy and population dynamics in a model system of an Arctic Collembola species 2 assemblage. Oikos 105: 89-100. Pedersen, H.C., Steen, H., Kastdalen, L., Brøseth, H., Ims, R.A., Svendsen, W. and Yoccoz, 4 N.G. 2003. Weak compensation of harvest despite strong density-dependent growth in Willow Ptarmigan, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B-Biological Sciences 271: 381-385. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Impacts of climate and ultra-violet B radiation on Arctic tundra and polar desert ecosystems: 1. Rationale, concepts and approach to the assessment. Ambio 33: 393-397. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 2, 5 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Past changes in arctic terrestrial ecosystems, climate and UV-B radiation. Ambio 33: 398-403. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S., Elster, J., Henttonen, H., Laine,K., Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Biodiversity, distributions and adaptations of Arctic species in the context of environmental change. Ambio 33: 404-417. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. Elster, J., Jonsdottir, I. S, Laine,K., Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Responses to projected changes in climate and UV-B at the species level. Ambio 33: 418-435. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. & Henttonen, H. 2004.

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Effects on the structure of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-terms. Ambio 33: 436- 447. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Effects on the function of Arctic ecosystems in the short- and long-terms. Ambio 33: 448-458. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A. 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S., Schaphoff, S. & Sitch, S. 2004. Effects on landscape and regional processes and feedbacks to the climate system. Ambio 33: 459-468. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 2,5 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W., Shaver, S. Elster, J., Henttonen, H., Jonsdottir, I. S., Laine, K., Schaphoff, S., Sitch, S. Taulavuori, K., & Zöckler, C. 2004. Uncertainties in making assessments and recommendations for future research. Ambio 33: 474-479. Callaghan, T., Björn, L.O., Chernov, Y., Chapin, T., Christensen, T., Huntley, B., Ims, R.A., 1,2 Jolly, D., Matveyeva, N., Panikov, N., Oechel, W. & Shaver, S. 2004. Synthesis of impacts in four arctic subregions. Ambio 33: 469-473. Beck, P. S. A., Kalmbach, E., Joly, D., Stien, A. & Nilsen, L. 2005. Modelling local 1,2,5 distribution of an arctic dwarf shrub indicates an important role for remote sensing of snow cover. Remote Sensing of Environment 98. 110-21. Mjaaseth, R. R., S. B. Hagen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2005. Phenology and abundance 2 in relation to climatic variation in a sub-arctic insect herbivore-mountain birch system. Oecologia 145:53-65. Mysterud, A., E. Meisingset, R. Langvatn, N. G. Yoccoz, and N. C. Stenseth. 2005. Climate- 2 dependent allocation of resources to secondary sexual traits in red deer. Oikos 111:245- 252. Pettorelli, N., A. Mysterud, N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, and N. C. Stenseth. 2005. Importance 2, 5 of climatological downscaling and plant phenology for red deer in heterogeneous landscapes. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 272:2357-2364. Sandvik, H., K. E. Erikstad, R. T. Barrett, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2005. The effect of climate on 2 adult survival in five species of North Atlantic seabirds. Journal of Animal Ecology 74:817-831. Ims, R.A. & Fuglei, E. 2005. Trophic Interaction Cycles in Tundra Ecosystems and the Impact 1,2,5 of Climate Change. BioScience 55: 311-322. Cooper, E.J., Jónsdóttir, I.S. & Pahud, A., 2006. Grazing by captive Barnacle geese affects 1 graminoid growth and productivity on Svalbard. Memoirs of the National Institute for Polar Research 59: 1-15. Kuijper, D.P.J. Bakker, J.P., Cooper, E.J. Loonen, M.J.J.E. & Jónsdóttir, I.S., 2006. Intensive 1 grazing by Barnacle geese depletes arctic seedbank. Can. J. Bot. 84: 995-1004. Cooper, E.J., 2006. Reindeer grazing reduces seed and propagule bank in the High Arctic. Can. 1 J. Bot. 84: 1740-1752. Brunhoff, C., N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims, and M. Jaarola. 2006. Glacial survival or late glacial 2 colonization? Phylogeography of the root vole (Microtus oeconomus) in north-west Norway. Journal of Biogeography 33:2136-2144. van der Wal, R., Sjögersten, S., Woodin, S.J., Cooper E.J., Jónsdóttir, I.S., Kuijper, D., Fox, 1 T.A.D. & Huiskes, A. 2007. Spring feeding by pink-footed geese reduces carbon stocks and sink strength in arctic tundra ecosystems. Global Change Biology 13: 1-7. Bråthen, K. A., R. A. Ims, N. G. Yoccoz, P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, and V. H. Hausner. 2007. 1 Induced shift in ecosystem productivity ? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. Ecosystems 10:773-789. Hagen, S. B., J. U. Jepsen, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2007. Shifting altitudinal distribution 1,2 of outbreak zones of winter moth Operophtera brumata in sub-arctic birch forest: a response to recent climate warming? Ecography 30:299-307. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, K. A. Bråthen, P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, and V. Hausner. 2007. 1

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Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? Ecosystems 10:607-622. Tveraa, T., P. Fauchald, N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims, R. Aanes, and K. A. Høgda. 2007. What 1,2,4 regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116:706-715. Cornelissen, J.H.C.,…Cooper, E.J., et al (49 authors), 2007. Global negative vegetation 1 feedback to climate warming responses of leaf litter decomposition rates in cold biomes. Ecology Letters 10 (7): 619-27 Killengreen, S., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Henden, J.A. and Schott, T. 2007. 1,2,5 Compositional characteristics of a low arctic ecosystem and the retreat of the Arctic fox. Biological Conservation 135: 475-488. Alsos IG, Eidesen PB, Ehrich D, Skrede I, Westergaard K, Jacobsen GH, Landvik JY, Taberlet 1,2 P, Brochmann C. 2007. Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing Arctic. Science 316: 1606-1609. Ehrich D, Gaudeul M, Assefa A, Koch M, Mummenhoff K, Nemomissa S, Intrabiodiv 2 Consortium, Brochmann C. 2007. Genetic consequences of Pleistocene range shifts: Contrast between the Arctic, the Alps and the East African mountains. Molecular Ecology, 16: 2542-2559. Assefa A, Ehrich D, Taberlet P, Nemomissa S, Brochmann C. 2007. Pleistocene colonization of 2 afro-alpine ‘sky islands’ by the arctic-alpine Arabis alpina. Heredity, 99:133-142. Aanesen, M 2007. Public Intervention in a “take-it-or-leave-it” transaction situation under 4 varying interests of the intervening body. Environment and Development Economics 11, 393-409 Ulvevadet, B. 2008. Management of reindeer husbandry in Norway - power-sharing and 4 participation. Rangifer 28: 53-78. Bårdsen, B. J., P. Fauchald, T. Tveraa, K. Langeland, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. 2 Experimental evidence of a risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. Ecology 89:829-837. Hagen, S. B., R. A. Ims, N. G. Yoccoz, and O. Sørlibråten. 2008. Fluctuating asymmetry as an 1,2 indicator of elevation stress and distribution limits in mountain birch (Betula pubescens). Plant Ecology 195:157-163. Hagen, S. B., J. U. Jepsen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. Anisotropic patterned 2, 5 population synchrony in climatic gradients indicates nonlinear climatic forcing. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 275:1509-1515. Henden, J. A., B. J. Bardsen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2008. Impacts of differential prey dynamics on the potential recovery of endangered arctic fox populations. Journal of 2,5 Applied Ecology 45:1086-1093. Jepsen, J. U., S. B. Hagen, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2008. Climate change and outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata in subarctic birch forest: 1,2,5 evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion. Journal of Animal Ecology 77:257-264. Mysterud, A., N. G. Yoccoz, R. Langvatn, N. Pettorelli, and N. C. Stenseth. 2008. Hierarchical 2,5 path analysis of deer responses to direct and indirect effects of climate in northern forest. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 363:2359–2368. Ims, R.A., Henden, J.A., Killengreen, S.T.2008. Collapsing population cycles. Trends in 2,5 Ecology & Evolution 23: 79-86 Fuglei, E. and Ims, R.A. 2008. Arctic fox and climate change. Science Progress 91: 175-191. 2 Araújo, M. B., W. Thuiller, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Reopening the climate envelope reveals 5 macroscale associations with climate in European birds. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106:E45-E46. Henden, J. A., R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Nonstationary spatio-temporal small rodent 2,5 dynamics: evidence from long-term Norwegian fox bounty data. Journal of Animal Ecology 78:636-645. Iversen, M., K. A. Brathen, N. G. Yoccoz, and R. A. Ims. 2009. Predictors of plant phenology 1,2 in a diverse high-latitude alpine landscape: growth forms and topography. Journal of Vegetation Science 20:903-915.

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Jepsen, J. U., S. B. Hagen, K. A. Hogda, R. A. Ims, S. R. Karlsen, H. Tommervik, and N. G. 1, 5 Yoccoz. 2009. Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. Remote Sensing of Environment 113:1939-1947. Lecomte, N., D. Ehrich, R. A. Ims, and N. G. Yoccoz. 2009. Toward understanding the effect 2 of top predators on ecosystems. F-1000 Biology Reports 1:26-29. Zimmermann, N. E., N. G. Yoccoz, T. C. Edwards, E. S. Meier, W. Thuiller, A. Guisan, D. R. 1,2 Schmatz, and P. B. Pearman. 2009. Climatic extremes improve predictions of spatial patterns of tree species. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:19723- 19728. Wookey PA, Aerts R, Bardgett RD, Baptist F, Bråthen KA, Cornelissen JHC, Gough L, 1,2 Hartley IP, Hopkins DW, Lavorel S & Shaver GR. 2009. Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change. Global Change Biology, 15: 1153-1172. Pedersen, Å.Ø., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2009: Spatial and temporal patterns of artificial nest 4 predation in mountain birch forests'. European Journal of Wildlife Research 55: 371-384. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Karlsen, S.R. and Ims, R.A. 2009. Phase-dependent outbreak 1,2 dynamics of geometrid moths linked to host plant phenology. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences 276: 4119-4128. Post, E., Forchhammer, M.C., Bret-Harte, S., Callaghan, T.V., Christensen, T.R., Elberling, B., 1,2 Fox, A.D., Gilg, O., Hik, D.S., Høye, T.T., Ims, R.A., Jeppesen, E., Klein, D.R., Madsen, J., McGuire, A.D., Rysgaard, S., Schindler, D.E., Stirling, I., Tamstorf, M.P., Tyler, N.J.C., van der Wal, R., Welker, J., Wookey, P.A., Schmidt, N.M. and Aastrup, P. 2009. Ecological dynamics across the Arctic associated with recent climate change. Science 325: 1355- 1358. Pellissier L, Bråthen KA, Pottier J, Randin CF, Vittoz P, Dubuis A, Yoccoz NG, Alm T, 1, 5 Zimmermann NE, Guisan A. 2010. Species distribution models reveal apparent competitive and facilitative effects of a dominant species on the distribution of tundra plants. Ecography 33: 1004-1014. Klausen, K.B., Pedersen, Å.Ø., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2010. Prevalence of nest predators in a sub- 4 Arctic ecosystem'. European Journal of Wildlife Research 56:221–232. Hamel, S., Côté, S.D. & Festa-Bianchet, M. (2010) Maternal characteristics and environment 2 affect the costs of reproduction in female mountain goats. Ecology, 91, 2034-2043. Joly, D., Nilsen, L., Brossard, T. & Elvebakk, T. 2010. Plants as bioindicator for temperature 5 interpolation purposes: Analyzing spatial correlation between botany based index of thermophily and integrated temperature characteristics. Ecological Indicators 10. 990-98. Pedersen, Å., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N. G., Hausner, V.H., and Juell, K. H. 2010. Scale- 2, 4 dependent responses of predators and their prey to spruce plantations in subarctic birch forests in winter. EcoScience 17: 123-136. Albert, C. H., N. G. Yoccoz, T. C. Edwards, C. H. Graham, N. E. Zimmermann, and W. 5 Thuiller. 2010. Sampling in ecology and evolution – bridging the gap between theory and practice. Ecography 33:1028-1037. Baptist, F., N. G. Yoccoz, and P. Choler. 2010. Direct and indirect control by snow cover over 2 decomposition in alpine tundra along a snowmelt gradient. Plant and Soil 328:397-410. Descamps, S., N. G. Yoccoz, J. M. Gaillard, H. G. Gilchrist, K. E. Erikstad, S. A. Hanssen, B. 5 Cazelles, M. R. Forbes, and J. Bety. 2010. Detecting population heterogeneity in effects of North Atlantic Oscillations on seabird body condition: get into the rhythm. Oikos 119:1526-1536. Cooper, E.J., 2010. Introduction to a special section: winter terrestrial ecology in Arctic and 2 alpine tundra. Polar Research 29: 36-37. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Hellström, P. and Angerbjörn, A. 2010. Strength of 2 asymmetric competition between predators in food webs ruled by fluctuating prey: The case of foxes in tundra. Oikos 119: 149-157. González VT, Bråthen KA, Ravolainen VT, Iversen M & Hagen SB. 2009. Large-scale 1 grazing history effects on Arctic-alpine germinable seed banks. Plant Ecology 207:321–331.

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Ravolainen, V.T., Yoccoz, N.G., Bråthen, K.A., Ims, R.A., Iversen, M. and González, V.T. 1 2010. Additive partitioning of diversity reveals no scale-dependent impacts of large ungulates on the structure of tundra plant communities. Ecosystems 13: 157-170. Morgner, E., Elberling, B., Strebel, D. and Cooper, E.J., 2010. The importance of winter in 1 annual ecosystem respiration in the High Arctic; effects of snow depth in two vegetation types. Polar Research 29: 58-74. Strebel, D., Elberling, B., Morgner, E., Knicker, H., and Cooper, E.J. 2010. Cold season soil 1, 2 respiration in response to grazing and warming in the High Arctic Svalbard. Polar Research 29: 46-57 Björkman, M.P., Morgner, E., Cooper, E.J., Elberling, B., Klemedtsson, L. and Björk, R.G., 2010. Winter carbon dioxide effluxes from Arctic ecosystems: An overview and 2 comparison of methodologies. Global Biogeochemical cycle 24, GB3010, doi: 10.1029/2009GB003667. Björkman, M.P., Morgner, E., Björk, R.G., Cooper, E.J., Elberling, B., and Klemedtsson, L. 2010. A comparison of annual and seasonal carbon dioxide fluxes between sub-arctic 2 Sweden and high-arctic Svalbard. Polar Research 29: 75-84 Speed, J.D.M., Cooper, E.J., Jónsdóttir I. S., van der Wal, R., Woodin S.J. 2010. Plant community properties predict vegetation resilience to herbivore disturbance in the Arctic. 1 Journal of Ecology 98 5: 1002-1013. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01685.x Bråthen KA, Fodstad CH & Gallet C. 2010. Ecosystem disturbance reduces the allelopathic 1 effects of Empetrum hermaphroditum humus on tundra plants. Journal of Vegetation Science 21: 786–795. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U., Schott, T. and Ims, R.A. 2010. Spatially mis-matched trophic dynamics: Cyclically outbreaking geometrids and their larval parasitoids. Biology Letters 1,2 6: 566-569. Vindstad, O.P.L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T. and Ims, R.A. 2010. Spatially patterned guild structure in larval parasitoids of cyclically outbreaking geometrid hosts. Ecological 2 Entomology 35: 456-463. Jepsen, J.U., Kapari, L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T., Vindstad, O.P.L., Nilssen, A.C. & Ims, R.A. 2011. Rapid northwards expansion of a forest insect pest attributed to spring 1,2 phenology matching with sub-Arctic birch. Global Change Biology 17, 2071-2083. Bustnes, J. O., N. G. Yoccoz, G. Bangjord, D. Herzke, L. Ahrens, and J. U. Skaare. 2011. Impacts of Climate and Feeding Conditions on the Annual Accumulation (1986-2009) of 2, 5 Persistent Organic Pollutants in a Terrestrial Raptor. Environmental Science & Technology 45:7542-7547. Ims, R. A., N. G. Yoccoz, and S. T. Killengreen. 2011. Determinants of lemming outbreaks. 2,5 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:1970-1974. Saraux, C., C. Le Bohec, J. M. Durant, V. A. Viblanc, M. Gauthier-Clerc, D. Beaune, Y.-H. Park, N. G. Yoccoz, N. C. Stenseth, and Y. Le Maho. 2011. Reliability of flipper-banded 5 penguins as indicators of climate change. Nature 469:203-206. Cooper, E.J., Dullinger, S. and Semenchuk, P.R., 2011. Late snowmelt delays plant phenology 2 and results in lower reproductive success in the High Arctic. Plant Science 180:157-167. Mallik, A., Wdowiak, J, and Cooper E.J., 2011. The effect of increased snow depth on the 2 growth and seed production of a dominant High Arctic tundra heath plant, Cassiope tetragona. Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research 43 (3) 404-409. Killengreen, S. T., Lecomte, N., Ehrich, D., Schott, T., Yoccoz, N.G., and Ims, R. A. 2011. 2, 4 The importance of marine vs. human-induced subsidies in the maintenance of an expanding mesocarnivore in the arctic tundra. Journal of Animal Ecology 80: 1049-1060 Killengreen, S.T., Strømseng, E., Yoccoz, N.G. and Ims, R.A. 2011. How ecological neighbourhoods influence the structure of the scavenger guild in low arctic tundra. 1,2,5 Diversity and Distributions, DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2011.00861.x Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A, Yoccoz, N.G., Sørensen, R. & Killengreen, S.T. 2011. Population dynamics of tundra voles in relation to configuration of willow thickets in southern arctic 1 tundra. Polar Biology 34: 533-540.

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Rodnikova, A., Ims, R.A., Sokolov, A., Skogstad, G., Sokolov, V., Shtro, V.& Fuglei, E. 2011. Red fox takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, 2 Russia. Polar Biology 34:1609-1614. Henden, J.A., Ims, R.A, Yoccoz, N.G. & Killengreen, S.T. 2011. Declining willow ptarmigan populations: The role of habitat structure and community dynamics. Basic & Applied 1 Ecology 12: 413-422. Vindstad, O.P.L., Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J.U, Kapari, L., Schott, T., and Ims, R.A. 2011. Phenological diversity in the interactions between winter moth (Operophtera brumata) 2 larvae and parasitoid wasps in sub-arctic mountain birch forest. Bulletins of Entomological Reserach doi:10.1017/S0007485311000277 Hausner, V.H., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Pedersen, E., Jernsletten, J.-L., Ulvevadet, B., Ims, 3,4, 5 R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. & Bråthen, K.A. 2011. Gost of development past: the impact of economic security policy on saami pastoral ecosystems. Ecology & Society 16 (3): Beaumont, L. J., A. Pitman, S. Perkins, N. E. Zimmermann, N. G. Yoccoz, and W. Thuiller. 2011. Impacts of climate change on the world's most exceptional ecoregions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:2306-2311. Ulvevadet, B. and Hausner, V. 2011. Incentive-based mechanisms to reconcile conservation 4 and development: 30 years governance of Saami pastoral ecosystems, Journal of Environmental Management 92: 2794-2802 Ehrich, D., Henden, J.A., Ims, R. A., Killengreen, S.T., Lecomte, N., Pokrovsky1, I.G., Skogstad, G., Sokolov, A.A., Sokolov, V.A., & Yoccoz, N.G. 2011. The importance of 1 willow thickets for ptarmigan and hares in shrub tundra: the more the better? Oecologia DOI 10.1007/s00442-011-2059-0 Ravolainen, V.T., Bråthen, K.A., Ims, R.A., Yoccoz, N.G., Henden, J.A. & Killengreen, S.T. 2011. Rapid responses of productive Arctic plant communities to exclusion of small 1 and large mammalian herbivores. Basic & Applied Ecology doi:10.1016/j.baae.2011.09.009 Elmendorf, S.C., Henry, H.R., Hollister, R.D., Björk, R.G., Bjorkman, A.D., Callaghan, T.V., 1, 2 Collier, L.S., Cooper, E.J. et al. 2011. Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: hetergenity over space and time. Ecology Letters doi: 10.1111/j. 2462-0248.2011.01716.x Gilg, O., Kovacs, K. M., Aars, J., Fort, J., Gauthier, G., Gremillet, D., Ims, R. A., Meltofte, H., 2 Moreau, J., Post, E., Schmidt, N. M., Yannic, G. and Bollache, L. 2012. Climate change and the ecology and evolution of Arctic vertebrates. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences: in press.

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Institution CV for: Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Department of Arctic Ecology

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence T. Tveraa Flagship co-leader Tundra ecosystems, population ecology, demography and Researcher life history of large herbivores, adaptive management WP1,2,3,4,5 J.U. Jepsen PI WP1 Insect pest outbreaks, forest ecosystems, phenology, Researcher WP1,2,5 spatial modeling, remote sensing J.W. Bjerke Co-PI WP2 Climate and environmental ecology, field-experimental Researcher design, ecophysiology, decomposer-producer-consumer WP1,2,3,4,5 interactions. P. Fauchald Co-PI WP5 Northern ecosystems, population ecology, predator-prey Researcher interactions, cross-disciplinary research on eco-socio WP1,2,3,4,5 systems M. Biuw Researcher WP1,2,5 Insect pest outbreaks, spatio-temporal dynamics, ecological statistics B.J. Bårdsen Researcher Population ecology, climatic effects, demography, WP1,2,3,4,5 modeling, interdisciplinarity (ecology-anthropology), large herbivores K.-O. Jacobsen Researcher WP1,2,5 Tundra ecosystems, adaptive management and monitoring

A. Stien Researcher WP1,2,5 Tundra ecosystems, plant – herbivore and host-parasite interactions, ecological statistics, climate ecology I. Tombre Researcher WP1,4,5 Behavioural and population ecology, adaptive co- management of ecosystem services, arctic geese H. Tømmervik Researcher Vegetation ecology, plant-herbivore interactions, WP1,2,3,4,5 phenology, climate and air pollution impacts, remote sensing, TEK M. Falkegård Researcher WP2,4,5 Northern freshwater ecosystems, fish ecology, monitoring and management M. Svenning Researcher WP2,4,5 Northern freshwater ecosystems, fish ecology and life history, monitoring and climate impact, adaptive management M. Ballesteros Research assistant Ungulate ecology, bird monitoring WP1,2,5 T. Johnsen Research assistant Field-based monitoring methods, predators in northern WP1,2,5 ecosystems M. Lagergren Research assistant Reindeer herding systems, ungulate ecology, outreach WP1,2,5 K. Langeland Researcher WP1,2,5 Ungulate ecology, spatial monitoring, remote sensing, management of large datasets

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2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP EWWA - Extreme winter RCN-NORKLIMA Jarle W. Bjerke (PI) 2,3,1, warming in the High North and 2012-2014 Hans Tømmervik (researcher) 4,5 its biological effects in the past, NOK 5.1 mill. present and future (Fram Centre incentive 2011) REINCLIM - Predicting effects RCN-NORKLIMA Audun Stien (researcher) 1,2 of climate change on Svalbard 2012-2014 (NTNU is PI) reindeer population dynamics: a NOK 10.8 mill. mechanistic approach Reindeer husbandry and large Directorate for Nature Torkild Tveraa (PI) 1 carnivore interactions in central Management, 2011-2015 Audun Stien (researcher) Norway Knut Langeland (researcher) Madeleine Lagergren, Trond V. Johnsen (research assistants) ClimMoth RCN – NORKLIMA Jane Uhd Jepsen (researcher) 1,2 Climate warming and insect 2008-2012 Martin Biuw (researcher) outbreaks in sub-arctic birch NOK 10.6 mill forest LAND-Ecosystem Finnmark RCN – MILJØ2015 Torkild Tveraa (researcher) 1,2,4 Ungulate overabundance, 2008-2012 Per Fauchald (researcher) trophic cascades and subsidies NOK 9.5 mill Knut Langeland (research assistant) Bård-J- Bårdsen (researcher) TUNDRA: RCN-Miljø2015 Per Fauchald (Co-PI) 4 Drivers of change in 2009-2013 Torkild Tveraa (researcher) circumpolar tundra NOK 9 mill Ecosystems Nordic Centre of Excellence: Nordic Council of Ministers Jane Uhd Jepsen (sesearcher) 1 How to preserve the tundra in a 2011-2015 Martin Biuw (researcher) warming climate NOK 2.0 mill

MIGRAPOP: RCN-Miljø2015, Local Ingunn Tombre (PI) 1,4 Adaptive management of County Governors, Jarle W. Bjerke (researcher) migratory populations Directorate for Nature Management 2011-2013 NOK 3 mill GOOSEHUNT: RCN-Natur og Næring, Local Ingunn Tombre (PI) 1,4 Reducing damage to agriculture County Governor by migratory geese 2011-2013 NOK 1.8 mill Vegetation changes in winter Directorate for Reindeer Hans Tømmervik (PI) 1,2,3, forage areas of Finnmark Husbandry Jarle W. Bjerke (researcher) 4 Ongoing since 1998 NOK ca. 1.2 mill every 3rd year Productivity in reindeer herding Directorate for Nature Torkild Tveraa (PI) 1,2,3, systems (2 projects) Management, supplement Audun Stien (researcher) 4 funding from Local County Bård-J. Bårdsen (researcher) Governor Knut Langeland (researcher) Ongoing since 2000 Madelaine Lagergren, Trond NOK 6 mill annually Johnsen, Manuel Ballesteros (research assistants) RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education Not relevant

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are NINA-flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Publication WP Albon, S.D., Stien, A., Irvine, R.J., Langvatn, R., Ropstad, E. & Halvorsen, O. 2002. The role 1 of parasites in the dynamics of a reindeer population. - Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B Biological Sciences 269: 1625-1632. Barlindhaug, S., Holm-Olsen, I.M. & Tømmervik, H. 2007. Monitoring archaeological sites 2 in a changing landscape- using multitemporal satellite remote sensing as an 'Early waring method' for detecting regrowth processes. - Archaeological Prospection 14(4): 231-244. Beck, P.S.A., Kalmbach, E., Joly, D., Stien, A. & Nilsen, L. 2005. Modelling local 2 distribution of an Arctic dwarf shrub indicates an important role for remote sensing of snow cover. - Remote Sensing of Environment 98: 110-121. Bjerke, J. W. 2011. Winter climate change: Ice encapsulation at mild subfreezing 2,1 temperatures kills freeze-tolerant lichens. - Environmental and Experimental Botany 72: 404-408. Bjerke, J. W., Bokhorst, S., Zielke, M., Callaghan, T.V., Bowles, F.W. & Phoenix, G.K. 2 2011. Contrasting sensitivity to extreme winter warming events of dominant sub-Arctic heathland bryophyte and lichen species. - Journal of Ecology 99: 1481-1488. Bjerke, J.W. 2009. Ice encapsulation protects rather than disturbs the freezing lichen. - Plant 2,1 Biology 11: 227-235. Bjerke, J.W., Tømmervik, H., Finne, T.E., Jensen, H., Lukina, N. & Bakkestuen, V. 2006. 1 Epiphytic lichen distribution and plant leaf heavy metal concentrations in Russian- Norwegian boreal forests influenced by air pollution from nickel-copper smelters. - Boreal Environment Research 11: 441-450. Bokhorst, S., Bjerke, J. W., Davey, M.P., Taulavuori, K., Taulavuori, E., Laine, K., 2 Callaghan, T.V. & Phoenix, G.K. 2010. Impacts of extreme winter warming events on plant pysiology in a sub-Arctic heath community. - Physiologia Plantarum 140(2): 128- 140. Bokhorst, S., Bjerke, J. W., Melillo, J., Callaghan, T.V. & Phoenix, G.K. 2010. Impacts of 2 extreme winter warming events on litter decomposition in a sub-Arctic heathland. - Soil Biology & Biochemistry 42: 611-617. Bokhorst, S., Bjerke, J. W., Tømmervik, H., Callaghan, T.V. & Phoenix, G.K. 2009. Winter 2,1 warming events damage sub-Arctic vegetation: consistent evidence from an experimental manipulation and a natural event. - Journal of Ecology 97: 1408-1415. Bokhorst, S., Bjerke, J.W., Bowles, F.W., Melillo, J., Callaghan, T.V. & Phoenix, G.K. 2008. 2,1 Impacts of extreme winter warming in the sub-Arctic: growing season responses of dwarf shrub heathland. - Global Change Biology 14: 2603-2612. Bokhorst, S., Bjerke, J.W., Street, L.E., Callaghan, T.V. & Phoenix, G.K. 2011. Impacts of 2,1 multiple extreme winter warming events on sub-Arctic heathland: phenology, reproduction, growth, and CO2 flux responses. - Global Change Biology 17(9): 2817– 2830. Bokhorst, S., Phoenix, G.K., Bjerke, J. W., Callaghan, T.V., Huyer-Brugman, F. & Berg, 2 M.P. In press. Extreme winter warming events more negatively impact small rather than large soil fauna: shift in community composition explained by traits not taxa. - Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02565.x.

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Borgstrøm, R., Ebne, I. & Svenning, M-A. 2010. High gillnet catchability of anadromous 4 Arctic charr – Hydrobiologia 650: 203-212. Borgstrøm, R., Opdahl, J., Svenning, M.-A., Länsman, M., Orell, P., Niemelä, E., Erkinaro, J. 2,4 & Dempson, J.B. 2010. Temporal changes in ascendance and in-season exploitation of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, inferred by a video camera array. - Fisheries Management and Ecology 17: 454–463. Bråthen, K.A., Ims, Rolf A., Yoccoz, Nigel G., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. & Hausner, V. 1,5 2007. Induced shift in ecosystem productivity? Extensive scale effects of abundant large herbivores. - Ecosystems 10: 773-789. Bårdsen, B.-J., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Langeland, K. & Nieminen, M. 2009. 1,2,5 Experimental evidence of cost of lactation in a low risk environment for a long-lived mammal. - Oikos 118: 837-852. Bårdsen, B.-J., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Langeland, K., Yoccoz, N. & Ims, R.A. 2008. 5 Experimental evidence for a risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. - Ecology 89: 829-837. Bårdsen, B.-J., Henden, J.-A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. & Stien, A. 2011. Plastic 1,2,3 reproductive allocation as a buffer against environmental stochasticity – linking life history and population dynamics to climate. - Oikos 120: 245-257. Bårdsen, B.-J., Tveraa, T., Fauchald, P. & Langeland, K. 2010. Observational evidence of 1,2 risk-sensitive reproductive allocation in a long-lived mammal. - Oecologia 162: 627- 639. Bårdsen, B.-J. & Tveraa, T. in press. Density dependence vs. density independence - linking 1,2 reproductive allocation to population abundance and vegetation greenness. - Journal of Animal Ecology. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2011.01913.x. Certain, G., Skarpaas, O., Bjerke, J.W., Framstad, E., Lindholm, M., Nilsen, J.E., 1,2,3, Norderhaug, A., Oug, E., Pedersen, H.C., Schartau, A.K., van der Meeren, G.I., 4 Aslaksen, J., Engen, S., Garnåsjordet, P.A., Kvaløy, P., Lillegård, M., Yoccoz, N.G. & , Nybø, S. 2011. The nature index: A general framework for synthesizing knowledge on 5 the state of biodiversity. - PLoS ONE 6: e18930. Côté, S.D., Stien, A., Irvine, R.J., Dallas, J.F., Marshall, F., Halvorsen, O., Langvatn, R. & 1 Albon, S.D. 2005. Resistance to abomasal nematodes and individual genetic variability in reindeer. - Molecular Ecology 14: 4159-4168. Davidsen, J., Svenning, M.A., Orell, P., Yoccoz, N., Dempson, J.B., Niemelä, P., Klemetsen, 2 A., Lamberg, A. & Erkinaro, J. 2005. Spatial and temporal migration of wild Atlantic salmon smolts determined from a video camera array in the sub-Arctic River Tana. - Fisheries Research 74: 210-222. Eide, N.E., Jepsen, J. U. & Prestrud, P. 2004. Spatial organization of reproductive Arctic 1 foxes Alopex lagopus: responses to changes in spatial and temporal availability of prey. - Journal of Animal Ecology 73: 1056-1068. Fauchald, P. & Tveraa, T. 2003. Using first-passage time in the analysis of area-restricted 1,2,5 search and habitat selection. - Ecology 84: 282-288. Fauchald, P. & Tveraa, T. 2006. Hierarchical patch dynamics and animal movement pattern. 1 - Oecologia 149: 383-395. Fauchald, P., Rødven, R., Bårdsen, B.-J., Langeland, K., Tveraa, T., Yoccoz, N. & Ims, 1 R.A. 2007. Escaping parasitism in the selfish herd: age, size and density-dependent warble fly infestation in reindeer. - Oikos 116: 491-499. Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Henaug, C. & Yoccoz, N. 2004. Adaptive regulation of body 1 reserves in reindeer, Rangifer tarandus: a feeding experiment. - Oikos 107: 583-591. Forseth, T., Letcher, B.H. & Johansen, M. 2011. The behavioural flexibility of salmon 2 growth. In: Atlantic Salmon Ecology (eds. Aas, Ø., Einum, S., Klemetsen, A. & Skurdal, J.), Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, pp. 145-169. Fox, A.D., Bergersen, E., Tombre, I. & Madsen, J. 2007. Minimal intra-seasonal dietary 2 overlap of barnacle and pink-footed geese on their breeding grounds in Svalbard. - Polar Biology 30: 759-768.

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Fox, A.D., Madsen, J., Boyd, H., Kuijken, E., Norriss, D.W., Tombre, I. & Stroud, D.A. 1,4 2005. Effects of agricultural change on abundance, fitness components and distribution of two arctic-nesting goose populations. - Global Change Biology 11: 881-893. Fuglei, E., Stien, A., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, R.A., Eide, N.E., Prestrud, P., Deplazes, P. & 2,5 Oksanen, A. 2008. Spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis, Svalbard, Norway. - Emerging Infectious Diseases 14(1): 73-75. Fyhri, A., Jacobsen, J.K.S. & Tømmervik, H. 2009. Tourists’ landscape perceptions and 3,4 preferences in a Scandinavian coastal region. - Landscape and Urban Planning 91: 202- 211. Glahder, C.M., Fox, A.D., Hübner, C.E., Madsen, J. & Tombre, I. M. 2006. Pre-nesting site 1,4 use of satellite transmitter tagged Svalbard Pink-footed Geese Anser brachyrhynchus. - Ardea 94(3): 679-690. Godiksen, J. A., Power, M., Borgstrøm, R., Dempson, J.B. & Svenning, M.A. In press. 2 Thermal habitat use and juvenile growth of Svalbard Arctic charr: evidence from otolith stableoxygen isotope analyses. - Ecology of Freshwater Fish, doi: 10.1111/j.1600- 0633.2011.00533.x Godiksen, J., Svenning, M.A., Dempson, J.B., Marttila, M., Storm-Suke, A. & Power, M. 4 2010. Development of a species-specific fractionation equation for Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)): an experimental approach. - Hydrobiologia 650: 67–77. Godiksen, J.A., Svenning, M.A., Sinnatamby, R.N., Dempson, J.B., Borgstrøm, R. & Power, 2,5 M. 2011. Stable isotope-based determinations of the average temperatures experienced by young-of-the-year Svalbard Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.)). - Polar Biology 34(4): 591-596. Godiksen, J.A., Borgstrøm, R., Dempson, JB., Kohler, J., Nordeng, H., Power, M., Stien, A. 2 & Svenning, M-A. Spring climate and summer otolith growth in juvenile Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus. Environmental Biology of Fishes. In press. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J. U., Ims, R.A. & Yoccoz, N.G. 2007. Shifting altitudinal distribution 1,5 of outbreak zones of winter moth Operophtera brumata in sub-arctic birch forest: a response to recent climate warming?. - Ecography 30: 299-307. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J. U., Schott, T. & Ims, R.A. 2010. Spatially mismatched trophic 1,2 dynamics: cyclically outbreaking geometrids and their larval parasitoids. - Biology Letters 6: 566-569. Hagen, S.B., Jepsen, J. U., Yoccoz, Nigel G. & Ims, R.A. 2008. Anisotropic patterned 1,2 population synchrony in climatic gradients indicates nonlinear climatic forcing. - Proceedings of the Royal Society B 275: 1509-1515. Hausner, V.H., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T., Pedersen, E., Jernsletten, J.-L., Ulvevadet, B., Ims, 3,4 R.A., Yoccoz, N.G. & Bråthen, K.A. 2011. The Ghost of development past: the impact of economic security policies on saami pastoral ecosystems. - Ecology & Society 16(3): 4. Henden, J.-A., Bårdsen, B.-J., Yoccoz, N. & Ims, R.A. 2008. Impacts of differential prey 1 dynamics on the potential recovery of endangered arctic fox populations. - Journal of Applied Ecology 45: 1086-1093. Henden, J.-A., Yoccoz, N.G., Ims, Rolf A., Bårdsen, B.-J. & Angerbjørn, A. 2009. Phase- 1 dependent effect of conservation efforts in cyclically fluctuating populations of arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus). - Biological Conservation 142: 2586-2592. Hofgaard, A., Rees, G., Tømmervik, H., Tutubalina, O., Golubeva, E., Lukina, N., Høgda, 1,5 K.A., Karlsen, S.R., Isaeva, L. & Kharuk, V. 2010. Role of disturbed vegetation in mapping the boreal zone in northern Eurasia. - Applied Vegetation Science 13: 460-472. Hübner, C.E., Tombre, I., Griffin, L.R., Loonen, M.J.J.E., Shimmings, P. & Jonsdottir, I.S. 2 2010. The connectivity of spring stopover sites for geese heading to arctic breeding grounds. - Ardea 98(2): 145-154. Høgda, K.A., Karlsen, S.R. & Tømmervik, H. 2006. Changes in growing season in 1,2,5 Fennoscandia 1982-1999. In: Ørbæk, J.B., Kallenborn, R., Tombre, I., Hegseth, E.N., Falk-Petersen, S. & Hoel A.H. (eds). Arctic Alpine Ecosystems and People in a

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Changing Environment. Springer-Verlag, pp. 71-84 Ims, Rolf A., Yoccoz, Nigel G., Bråthen, K.A., Fauchald, P., Tveraa, T. & Hausner, V. 1,5 2007. Can reindeer overabundance cause a trophic cascade? - Ecosystems 10: 607-622. Jensen, R.A., Madsen, J., O'Connell, M.F., Wisz, M.S., Tømmervik, H. & Mehlum, F. 2008. 1,2 Prediction of the distribution of Arctic-nesting pink-footed geese under a warmer climate scenario. - Global Change Biology 14(1): 1-10. Jepsen, J. U., Eide, N.E., Prestrud, P. & Jacobsen, L.B. 2002. The importance of prey 1 distribution in habitat use by arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus). - Canadian Journal of Zoology 80: 418-429. Jepsen, J. U., Hagen, S.B., Ims, R.A. & Yoccoz, Nigel G. 2008. Climate change and 1,5 outbreaks of the geometrids Operophtera brumata and Epirrita autumnata in subarctic birch forest: evidence of a recent outbreak range expansion. - Journal of Animal Ecology 77: 257-264. Jepsen, J. U., Kapari, L., Hagen, S.B., Schott, T., Vindstad, O.P.L., Nilssen, A.C. & Ims, 1,5 R.A. 2011. Rapid northwards expansion of a forest insect pest attributed to spring phenology matching with sub-Arctic birch. - Global Change Biology 17: 2071-2083. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Høgda, K.A., Ims, R.A., Karlsen, S.R., Tømmervik, H. & Yoccoz, 1,5 N. 2009. Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS-NDVI data. - Remote Sensing of Environment 113: 1939- 1947. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Karlsen, S.-R. & Ims, R.A. 2009. Phase-dependent outbreak 1,5 dynamics of geometrid moth linked to host plant phenology. - Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. B Biological sciences 276(1676): 4119–4128. Johansen, B., Karlsen, S.R. & Tømmervik, H. 2012. Vegetation mapping of Svalbard 1,5 utilising Landsat TM/ETM+ data. - Polar Record 48(244): 47-63. Johansen, M., Thorstad, E.B., Rikardsen, A. H., Koksvik, J.I., Ugedal, O., Jensen, Arne J., 2 Saksgård, L. & Næsje, Tor F. 2010. Prey availability and juvenile Atlantic salmon feeding during winter in a regulated subarctic river subject to loss of ice cover. - Hydrobiologia 644: 217-229. Johnsen, T.V., Systad, Geir H., Jacobsen, Karl. O., Nygård, T. & Bustnes, Jan O. 2007. 1 The occurrence of reindeer calves in the diet of nesting Golden Eagles in Finnmark, northern Norway. - Ornis Fennica 84(3): 112-118. Karlsen, S.R., Høgda, K.A., Wielgolaski, F.E., Tolvanen, A., Tømmervik, H., Poikolainen, J. 1,5 & Kubin, E. 2009. Growing-season trends in Fennoscandia 1982–2006, determined from satellite and phenology data. - Climate Research 39: 275-286. Karlsen, S.R., Solheim, I., Beck, P.S.A., Høgda, K.A., Wielgolaski, F.E. & Tømmervik, H. 1,2,5 2007. Variability of the start of the growing season in Fennoscandia, 1982-2002. - International Journal of Biometeorology 51: 513-524. Karlsen, S.R., Høgda, K.A., Wielgolaski, F.E., Tolvanen, A., Tommervik, H. Poikolainen, J & 2 Kubin E. 2009. Growing-season trends in Fennoscandia 1982-2006, determined from satellite and phenology data. Climate Research, 39: 275-286. Klaassen, M., Bauer, S., Madsen, J. & Tombre, I. 2006. Modelling behavioural and fitness 2 consequences of disturbance for geese along their spring flyway. - Journal of Applied Ecology 43: 92-100. Klemetsen, A., Amundsen, P.-A., Grotnes, P., Knudsen, R., Kristoffersen, R. & Svenning, 4,5 M.A. 2002. Takvatn through 20 years: long-term effects of an experimental mass removal of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, from a subarctic lake. - Environmental Biology of Fishes 64(1-3): 39-47. Loe, L.E., Bonenfant, C., Mysterud, A., Severinsen, T., Øritsland, N.A., Langvatn, R., Stien, 1,2 A., Irvine, R.J. & Stenseth, N.C. 2007. Activity pattern of arctic reindeer in a predator- free environment: no need to keep a daily rhythm. - Oecologia 152(4): 617-624. Loe, L.E., Irvine, R.J., Bonenfant, C., Stien, A., Langvatn, R., Albon, S.D., Mysterud, A. & 1,2,5 Stenseth, N.C. 2006. Testing five hypotheses of sexual segregation in an arctic ungulate. - Journal of Animal Ecology 75: 485-496.

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Loe, L.E., Mysterud, A., Stien, A., Steen, H., Evans, D.M. & Austrheim, G. 2007. Positive 1 short-term effects of sheep grazing on the alpine avifauna. - Biology Letters 3: 109-111. Madsen, J., Tombre, I. & Eide, N.E. 2009. Effects of disturbance on geese in Svalbard: 4 implications for regulating increasing tourism. - Polar Research 28: 376-389. Manninnen, S., Huttunen, S., Tømmervik, H., Hole, L.R. & Solberg, S. 2009. Northern 2 Plants and Ozone. - Ambio 38: 406-412. Milner, J.M., Stien, A., Irvine, R.J., Albon, S.D., Langvatn, R. & Ropstad, E. 2003. Body 1 condition in Svalbard reindeer and the use of blood parameters as indicators of condition and fitness. - Canadian Journal of Zoology 81: 1566-1578. Myking, T., Aarrestad, P.A., Derome, J., Bakkestuen, V., Bjerke, J.W., Gytarsky, M.L., 1 Isaeva, L., Karaban, R., Korotkov, V., Lindgren, M., Lindroos, A.J., Røsberg, I., Salemaa, M., Tømmervik, H. & Vassilieva, N. 2009. Effects of air pollution from a nickel-copper industrial complex on boreal forest vegetation in the joint Russian- Norwegian-Finnish border area. - Boreal Environment Research 14: 279-296. Niemelä, E., Erkinaro, J., Dempson, J.B., Julkunen, M., Zubchenko, A., Prusov, S., Svenning, 2 M.A., Ingvaldsen, R., Holm, M. & Hassinen, E. 2004. Temporal synchrony and variation in abundance of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in two subarctic Barents Sea rivers: influence of oceanic conditions. - Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61: 2384-2391 Niemelä, E., Orell, P., Erkinaro, J., Dempson, J.B., Brørs, S., Svenning, M.A. & Hassinen, E. 2 2006. Previously spawned Atlantic salmon ascend a large subarctic river earlier than their maiden counterparts. - Journal of Fish Biology 69: 1151-1163. Nilsen, J. & Tømmervik, H. 2001. Temporal variation of the photosynthetic efficiency of 2 photosystem II in birch (Betula pubescens ssp. pubescens) during the growing season. A pilot study. In: Wielgolaski, F.E. (ed.): Nordic Mountain Birch Ecosystems, pp. 185- 193. Man and the Biosphere Series 27, UNESCO, Paris. Næss, M.W. & Bårdsen, B.-J. 2010. Environmental stochasticity and long-term livestock 3,4 viability-herd-accumulation as a risk reducing strategy. - Human Ecology 38: 3–17. Næss, M.W., Bårdsen, B.-J., Fauchald, P. & Tveraa, T. 2010. Cooperative pastoral 3,4 production — the importance of kinship. - Evolution and Human Behavior 31: 246-258. Næss, M.W., Bårdsen, B.-J., Pedersen, E. & Tveraa, T. 2011. Pastoral herding strategies 3,4 and governmental management objectives: Predation compensation as a risk buffering strategy in the saami reindeer husbandry. - Human Ecology 39: 489–50. Næss, M.W., Fauchald, P. & Tveraa, T. 2009. Scale dependency and the “Marginal” value 3,4 of labor. - Human Ecology 37: 193-211. Omsjoe, E.H., Stien, A., Irvine, J., Albon, S.D., Dahl, E., Thoresen, S.I., Rustad, E. & 5 Ropstad, E. 2009. Evaluating capture stress and its effects on reproductive success in Svalbard reindeer. - Canadian Journal of Zoology 87: 73-85. Orell, P., Erkinaro, J., Svenning, M.A., Davidsen, J.G. & Niemelä, E. 2007. Synchrony in the 2 downstream migration of smolts and upstream migration of adult Atlantic salmon in the subarctic River Utsjoki. - Journal of Fish Biology 71(6): 1735-1750. Pedersen, Å.Ø., Jepsen, J. U., Yoccoz, Nigel G. & Fuglei, E. 2007. Ecological correlates of 5 the distribution of territorial Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea). - Canadian Journal of Zoology 85: 122-132.

Prestrud, K.W., Åsbakk, K, Fuglei, E., Mørk, T., Stien, A., Ropstad, E., Tryland, M., 5 Gabrielsen, G.W., Lydersen, C., Kovacs, K.M., Loonen, M.J.J.E., Sagerup, K. & Oksanen, A. 2007. Serosurvey for Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes and possible sources of infection in the high Arctic of Svalbard. - Veterinary Parasitology 150: 6–12. Riseth, J.Å., Lie, I., Holst, B., Karlsen, S.-R. & Tømmervik, H. 2009. Climate change and the 2,3,4 Sámi reindeer industry in Norway. Probable needs of adaption. Abstract. - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6(342039) Riseth, J.Å., Tømmervik, H., Helander-Renvall, E., Labba, N., Johansson, C., Malnes, E., 1,2,3 Bjerke, J. W., Jonsson, C., Pohjola, V., Sarri, L.E., Schanche, A. & Callaghan, T.V.

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2011. Sámi traditional ecological knowledge as a guide to science: snow, ice and reindeer pasture facing climate change. - Polar Record 47: 202-217. Sandström, P., Granquist-Pahlén, T., Edenius, L., Tømmervik, H., Hagner, O., Hemberg, L., 1,3 Olsson, H., Baer, K., Stenlund, T., Brandt, L.G. & Egberth, M. 2003. Conflict resolution by participatory management: remote sensing and GIS as tools for communicating land- use needs for reindeer herding in northern Sweden. - Ambio 32: 557-567. Schmidt, K.T., Stien, A., Albon, S.D. & Guinness, F.E. 2001. Antler length of yearling red 1,2 deer is determined by population density, weather and early life history. - Oecologia 127: 191-197. Solheim, B., Zielke, M., Bjerke, J.W. & Rozema, J. 2006. Effects of enhanced UV-B 2 radiation on nitrogen fixation in Arctic ecosystems. - Plant Ecology 182: 109-118. Speed, J.D.M., Woodin, S.J., Tømmervik, H. & van der Wal, R. 2010. Extrapolating 2 herbivore-induced carbon loss across an Arctic landscape. - Polar Biology 33: 789–797. Speed, J.D.M., Woodin, S.J., Tømmervik, H., Tamstorf, M.P. & van der Wal, R. 2009. 1,5 Predicting habitat utilization and extent of ecosystem disturbance by an increasing herbivore population. - Ecosystems 12: 349-359. Stien, A., Loe, L.E., Mysterud, A., Severinsen, T., Kohler, J. & Langvatn, R. 2010. Icing 1,2,5 events trigger range displacement in a high-arctic ungulate. - Ecology 91(3): 915-920. Stien, A., Voutilainen, L., Haukisalmi, V., Fuglei, E., Mørk, T., Yoccoz, N. G., Ims, R. A. & 5 Henttonen, H. 2010. Intestinal parasites of the Arctic fox in relation to the abundance and distribution of intermediate hosts. - Parasitology 137: 149-157. Strann, K.B., Yoccoz, N. & Ims, R.A. 2002. Is the heart of Fennoscandian rodent cycle still 1,5 beating? A 14-year study of small mammals and Tengmalms owls in northern Norway. - Ecography 25: 81-87. Svenning, M.A. & Gullestad, N. 2002. Adaptations to stochastic environmental variations: 2 the effects of seasonal temperatures on the migratory window of Svalbard Arctic charr. - Environmental Biology of Fishes 64: 165-174. Svenning, M.A., Borgstrøm, R., Dehli, T.O., Moen, G., Barrett, R.T., Pedersen, T. & Vader, 4 W. 2005. The impact of marine fish predation on Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar) in the Tana estuary, North Norway, in the presence of an alternative prey, lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus). - Fisheries Research 76: 466-474. Svenning, M.A., Fagermo, S.E., Barrett, R.T., Borgstrøm, R., Vader, W., Pedersen, T. & 4 Sandring, S. 2005. Goosander predation and its potential impact on Atlantic salmon smolts in the River Tana estuary, northern Norway. - Journal of Fish Biology 66: 924- 937. Svenning, M.A., Klemetsen, A. & Olsen, T. 2007. Habitat and food choice of Arctic charr in 4 Linnévatn on Spitsbergen, Svalbard: the first year-round investigation in a High Arctic lake. - Ecology of Freshwater Fish 16: 70-77. Tombre, I., Madsen, J., Tømmervik, H., Haugen, K.-P. & Eythórsson, E. 2005. Influence of 4 organised scaring on distribution and habitat choice of geese on pastures in Northern Norway. - Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 111: 311-320. Tombre, I., Tømmervik, H. & Madsen, J. 2005. Land use changes and goose habitats, 1,4 assessed by remote sensing techniques, and corresponding goose distribution, in Vesterålen, northern Norway. - Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment 109: 284-296. Tombre, I. M., Høgda, K.A., Madsen, J., Griffin, L., Kuijken, E., Shimmings, P., Rees, E. & 2,5 Verscheure, C. 2008. The onset of spring and timing of migration in two arctic nesting goose populations: the pink-footed goose Anser brachyrhynchus and the barnacle goose Branta leucopsis. - Journal of Avian Biology 39: 691-703. Tombre, I. M., Tømmervik, H., Gullestad, N. & Madsen, J. 2010. Spring staging in the 1,5 Svalbard-breeding Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus population: site-use changes caused by declining agricultural management?. - Wildfowl 60: 3-19. Tveraa, T., Fauchald, P., Henaug, C. & Yoccoz, N. 2003. An examination of a 1 compensatory relationship between food limitation and predation in semi-domestic reindeer. - Oecologia 137: 370-376.

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Tveraa, T., Fauchald, P., Yoccoz, N., Ims, R.A., Aanes, R. & Høgda, K.A. 2007. What 1,5 regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway. - Oikos 116: 706-715. Tømmervik, H. & Høgda, K.A. 2002. Monitoring of air pollution induced vegetation damage 5 in Pasvik-Pechenga-Nikel using hybrid classification and NDVI based change detection techniques. - Series in Remote Sensing 2: 282-289. Tømmervik, H., Johansen, B., Riseth, J.Å, Karlsen, S.R., Solberg, B. & Høgda, K.A. 2009. 1,3,5 Above-ground biomass changes in the mountain birch forests and mountain heaths of Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway, in the period 1957-2006. - Forest Ecology and Management, 257: 244-257. Tømmervik, H., Bjerke, J. W., Gaare, E., Johansen, B. & Thannheiser, D. In press. Rapid 1,2,5 recovery of recently overexploited winter grazing pastures for reindeer in northern Norway. - Fungal Ecology (DOI:10.1016/j.funeco.2011.08.002.) Tømmervik, H., Dunfjeld, S., Olsson, G.A. & Nilsen, M.Ø. 2010. Detection of ancient 1 reindeer pens, cultural remains and anthropogenic influenced vegetation in Byrkije (Børgefjell) mountains, Fennoscandia. - Landscape and Urban Planning 98: 56-71.

Tømmervik, H., Johansen, B. Høgda, K.A. & Strann, K.B. 2010. High-resolution satellite 1,5 imagery for detection of tracks and vegetation damage caused by all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) in northern Norway. - Land Degradation & Development. DOI: 10.1002/ldr.1047. Tømmervik, H., Høgda, K.A. & Solheim, I. 2003. Monitoring vegetation changes in Pasvik 1 (Norway) and Pechenga in Kola Peninsula (Russia) using multi-temporal Landsat MSS/TM data. - Remote Sensing of Environment 85(3): 370-388. Vähä, J-P., Erkinaro, J., Niemelä, E., Primmer, C., Saloniemi, I., Johansen, M., Svenning, 2 M-A. & Brørs, S. 2010. Temporally stable population-specific differences in run timing of one-sea-winter Atlantic salmon returning to a large river system - Evolutionary Applications 4: 39-53.

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Institution CV for: Norwegian Polar Institute

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence E. Fuglei PI WP2 High arctic tundra ecosystems, ecosystem services, Researcher WP2,5 adaptive monitoring, predator prey interaction, ecophysiology J. Kohler Researcher WP2,5 Glaciologist/hydrologist, mass balance and climate, cryospheric properties and remote sensing, ground- penetrating radar and ice-core properties, snowpack dynamics and terrestrial ecosystems Å.Ø. Pedersen Researcher WP2,5 High arctic tundra ecosystems, Ecological statistics, ecosystem services, adaptive monitoring, herbivore-plant interactions, predator prey dynamic

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Predicting effects of climate RCN, REINCLIM – Å.Ø. Pedersen (Researcher) 2, 5 change on Svalbard reindeer NORKLIMA population dynamics: a 20012-2014 mechanistic approach NOK 3.6 mill per year

Habitat modeling of rock Nordic Council of E. Fuglei (PI) 2, 5 ptarmigan Ministers Å.Ø. Pedersen (Co-PI) 2011-2012 NOK 0.25 mill

Habitat modeling of rock Svalbard Environmental E. Fuglei (PI) 2, 5 ptarmigan in Svalbard Protection Fund Å.Ø. Pedersen (Co-PI) 2010-2012 NOK 0.175 mill

Effect of arctic fox Svalbard Environmental E. Fuglei (PI) 2, 5 harvesting in Svalbard. Protection Fund 2010-2012 NOK 0.164 mill

Effect of harvesting on rock Svalbard Environmental E. Fuglei (PI) 2, 5 ptarmigan, Svalbard. Protection Fund Å.Ø. Pedersen (Co-PI) 2011-2012 NOK 0.2 mill

Effect of environmental Svalbard Environmental E. Fuglei (PI) 2, 5 disturbances of arctic foxes Protection Fund Å.Ø. Pedersen (Co-PI) in Svalbard. 2011-2014 NOK 0.19 mill RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs Contribute to UNIS courses 1995-1996: UNIS, Arctic Arctic fox ecophysiology, adaptations Biology Predators in the Arctic 2001-2004: UNIS, AB-201 Biotelemetry 2011: UNIS, AB-325 Ptarmigan ecology 2007-2011: UNIS, AB-329 Supervision of masters and PhD students

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Paper/Chapter WP Carmichael, L.E, Krizan, J., Nagy, J.A., Fuglei, E., Dumond M, Johnson D, Veitch A, Berteaux 2,5 D, Strobeck C. 2007. Historical and ecological determinants of genetic structure in arctic canids. Molecular Ecology 16: 3466-3483. Dalèn L, Fuglei E, Hersteinsson P, Kapel C, Roth J, Samelius G, Tannerfeldt M, Angerbjørn A. 2,5 2005. Population history and genetic structure of a circumpolar species: the arctic fox. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 84: 79-89. Dalén L, Kvaløy K, Linnell JDC, Elmhagen B, Strand O, Tannerfeldt M, Henttonen H, Fuglei 2,5 E, Landa A, Angerbjörn A. 2006. Population structure in a critically endangered arctic fox population: does genetics matter? Molecular Ecology 15: 2809-2819. Ehrich D, Carmichael LE, Fuglei E. 2011. Age dependent genetic structure in arctic foxes in 2,5 Svalbard. In press Polar Biology. Eide, N.E., Stien, A., Prestrud, P., Yoccoz, N.G., Stien, A., Fuglei, E. 2011. Reproductive 2 responses to spatial and temporal prey availability in a coastal arctic fox population. In press Journal of Animal Ecology. Fuglei E, Aanestad M, Berg JP. 2000. Hormones and metabolites of arctic foxes (Alopex 2 lagopus) in response to seasonal variations, starvation and re-feeding. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 126: 287-294. Fuglei E, Bustnes JO, Hop H, Mørk T, Björnfoth H, van Bavel B. 2007. Environmental 5 contaminants in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) in Svalbard: relationships with feeding ecology and body condition. Environmental Pollution 146(1): 139-149. Fuglei E, Mustonen A-M, Nieminen P. 2004. Effects of season, food deprivation and re-feeding 2 on leptin, ghrelin and growth hormone in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) on Svalbard, Norway. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 174: 157-162. Fuglei E, Øritsland NA. 1999. Seasonal trends in body mass, food intake and resting metabolic 2 rate, and induction of metabolic depression in arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) at Svalbard. Journal of Comparative Physiology B 169: 361-369. Fuglei E, Aanestad M, Berg JP. 2000. Hormones and metabolites of arctic foxes (Alopex 2 lagopus) in response to seasonal variations, starvation and re-feeding. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 126: 287-294. Fuglei E, Øritsland NA. 2003. Energy cost of running in an arctic fox (Alopex lagopus). The 2 Canadian Field-Naturalist 117(3): 430-435. Fuglei E, Øritsland NA, Prestrud P. 2003. Local variation in arctic fox abundance on Svalbard, 2 Norway. Polar Biology 26: 93-98. Fuglei E, Stien A, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Eide NE, Prestrud P, Deplazes P, Oksanen A. 2008. 2,5 Spatial distribution of Echinococcus multilocularis in arctic fox scats, Svalbard, Norway.

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Emerging Infectious Diseases 14(1): 73-75. Fuglei E, Ims RA. 2008. Global warming and effects on the arctic fox. Science Progress 91(2): 2 175-191. Fuglesteg BN, Haga ØE, Folkow L, Fuglei E, Blix AS. 2006. Seasonal variation in basal 2 metabolic rate, lower critical temperature and responses to temporary starvation in the arctic fox (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard. Polar Biology 29: 308-319. Geffen E, Waidyaratne S, Dalén L, Angerbjörn A, Vila C, Hersteinsson P, Fuglei, E, White PA, 2 Goltsman M, Wayne RK. 2007. Sea ice occurrence predicts genetic isolation in the arctic fox. Molecular Ecology 16: 4241-4255. Hansen, B. B., R. Aanes, I. Herfindal, J. Kohler, and B.-E. Sæther. 2011. Climate, icing, and 2 wild arctic reindeer: past relationships and future prospects. Ecology 92: 1917–1923. Henttonen H, Fuglei E, Gower C, Haukisalmi V, Ims RA, Niemimaa J Yoccoz N., 2001. 2 Echinococcus multilocularis on Svalbard: introduction of an intermediate host has enabled the local life cycle. Parasitology 123: 547-552. Johnson N, Dicker A, Mork T, Marston DA, Fooks AR, Tryland M, Fuglei E and Müller T. 5 2007. Phylogenetic comparison of Rabies viruses from disease outbreaks on the Svalbard Islands. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 7(3):457-460 Ims RA, Fuglei E. 2005. Trophic Interaction Cycles in Tundra Ecosystems and the Impact of 2 Climate Change. BioScience 55(4): 311-322. Kohler, J., O. Brandt, M. Johansson, T. Callaghan. 2006. A long-term arctic snow depth record 2 from Abisko, northern Sweden, 1913-2004. Polar Research 25(2): 91-113. Kohler J. and R. Aanes. 2004. Effect of winter snow and ground-icing on a Svalbard Reindeer 2 population: results of a simple snowpack model. Arctic Antarctic Alpine Res. 36(3): 333- 341. Mørk T, Bohlin J, Fuglei E, Åsbakk K, Breines EM, Tryland M. 2011. Rabies in the arctic fox 5 population in Svalbard, Norway. In press Journal of Wildlife Disease. Norén K, Carmichael L, Dalén L, Hersteinsson P, Samelius G, Fuglei E, Kapel CMO, 5 Menyushina I, Strobeck C, Angerbjörn A. 2011. Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) population structure: circumpolar patterns and processes. Oikos 120: 873-885. Norén K, Carmichael L, Fuglei E, Eide NE, Hersteinsson P, Angerbjörn A. 2011. Pulses of 5 movement across the sea ice: population connectivity and temporal genetic structure in the arctic fox. Oecologia, DOI 10.1007/s00442-011-1939-7. Pedersen ÅØ, Bårdsen BJ, Lecomte N, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2011. Monitoring low density 5 Rock Ptarmigan Populations: Distance Sampling and Occupancy Modeling. In press Journal of Wildlife Management Pedersen ÅØ, Ims RA, Yoccoz NG, Hausner VH, Juell KH. 2010. Scale-dependent responses 5 of predators and their prey to spruce plantations in subarctic birch forests in winter. Ecoscience 17(2): 1-14. Pedersen ÅØ, Jepsen JU, Yoccoz NG, Fuglei E. 2007. Ecological correlates of the distribution 5 of territorial Svalbard rock ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea). Can. J. Zool. 85: 1-11. Pedersen ØÅ, Lier M, Routti H, Christiansen HH, Fuglei E. 2006. Co-feeding between 2 Svalbard rock Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta hyperborea) and Svalbard reindeer (Rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus). Arctic 59(1): 61-64. Pedersen ÅØ, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Sigurdsen T. 2010. Effects of non-native spruce 5 plantations on small mammal communities in subarctic birch forest ecology. Forest Ecology and management 260: 331-338. Prestrud KW, Åsbakk K, Fuglei E, Mørk T, Stien A, Ropstad E, Tryland M, Gabrielsen GW, 5 Lydersen K, Kovacs K, Loonen M, Sagerup K, Oksanen A. 2007. Serosurvey for Toxoplasma gondii in arctic fox and its source species of infection in the high Arctic of Svalbard. Veterinary Parasitology 150: 6-12. Rodnikova A, Ims RA, Sokolov A, Skogstad G, Sokolov V, Shtro V, Fuglei E. 2011. Red fox 2 takeover of arctic fox breeding den: an observation from Yamal Peninsula, Russia. Polar Biology 34:1609-1614

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Rotschky, G., T. Vikhamar Schuler, J. Haarpaintner, J. Kohler, E. Isaksson. 2011. Spatio- 2,5 temporal variability of snow melt on Svalbard during the period 2000-2008 derived from Quikscat/Seawinds scatterometry. Polar Research 30: 5963 Stien, A., L.E. Loe, A. Mysterud, T. Severinsen, J. Kohler, R Langvatn. 2010. Icing events 2 trigger range displacement in a high arctic ungulate. Ecology,91(3): 915-920. Stien A, Voutilainen L, Haukisalmi V, Fuglei E, Mørk T, Yoccoz NG, Ims RA, Henttonen H. 5 2010. Intestinal parasites of the Arctic fox in relation to the abundance and distribution of intermediate hosts. Parasitology 137:149-157. Sørensen KK, Mørk T, Sigurdardottir OG, Åsbakk K, Åkerstedt J, Bergsjø B, Fuglei E. 2005. 5 Acute toxoplasmosis in three wild arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard; one with co-infections of Salmonella enteritidis PT1 and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 2b. Research in Veterinary Science 78: 161-167.

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Institution CV for: Norut Tromsø, Departments; Earth Monitoring & Social Science

1. Personnel (PIs, Researchers)

Name Role Competence J.Å.Riseth Co-PI WP4 Plant-herbivore interactions, reindeer herding systems, Researcher cross-disciplinary research on eco-socio systems, WP1,2,3,4 governance systems, indigenous people, traditional knowledge B. Johansen Researcher WP 1 Plant vegetation ecology, phytogeography, remote sensing mapping and monitoring, reindeer range ecology, plant-herbivore interactions, reindeer herding systems S.R.Karlsen Researcher WP 2,5 Remote sensing, ArcGISbased modeling, bioclimatology, phenology, biogeogrqaphy, vegetation mapping E.Malnes Researcher WP 1, 2 Cryosphere remote sensing and modelling: Snow, lake ice, permafrost, glaciers K.A.Høgda Researcher WP 2 Remote sensing, phenology, glaciers, SAR H.Hindberg Researcher WP 1, 2 Remote sensing, classification: Snow, lake ice, permafrost, glaciers

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP CryoLand EU-FP7 2011-2014 E. Malnes (PI/WP leader) 1, 2 Euro276 k€ H. Johnsen (scientist) H. Hindberg (scientist) ISIS-2 Svensk rymdstyrelse E. Malnes (scientist) 1, 2 2008-2012 J. Å. Riseth (scientist) NOK 250 000

GlobSnow2 ESA 2012-2014 E. Malnes(scientist) 1, 2 NOK 800 000

RDASnø Innovasjon Norge 2010-2013 E. Malnes (PI) 1, 2 NOK 4.1 MKR H. Johnsen (scientist) H. Hindberg (scientist) EWWA RCN 2012-2015 E. Malnes (scientist) 1,2,3,4, J. Å. Riseth (scientist) 5 Nordic Centre of Excellence: Nordic Council of Ministers B. Johansen (scientist) 1 How to preserve the tundra 2011-2015 in a warming climate NOK 2.0 mill

RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs SNOWTALKS- A PhD -Long-term environmental changes (climate, permafrost, Training course on feed-back mechanisms, ecology) –WP 2 multidisciplinary issues related -Changes in snow, what snow and ice means to Sámi and snow and climate change impacts of changes in snow-WP2 effects on it. March 19 – 23, 5-6 -Adaptation to climate change, sustainable land and 2012, Abisko Scientific resource use-WP 3/WP4 Research Station, Sweden in a co-operation with University of Arctic Thematic Networks on Global Change and Arctic Medicine.* *Jan Åge Riseth-one of the instructors

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø).

Paper/Chapter WP Riseth, J.Å., 2002. A Theoretical and Methodological Approach towards the Study of 1, 3,4 Overgrazing in Sámi Reindeer Management of Norway; Interdisciplinarity and Comparative Method, In: Soppela, P., W. Ruth, B. Åhman and J.Å. Riseth (eds.),:”Reindeer as a keystone species in the North” – Proceedings of the 1st CAES PhD course, 1-15 September 2000, northern Finland, Finnmark, Norway, and Kola Peninsula, Russia. CAES Network. Rovaniemi, Rovaniemien Painatuskeskus/ Arctic Centre University of Lapland, 9-22. ISSN 1235-0583 ISBN 951-634-838-6. Riseth, J.Å, (2003) Sámi Reindeer Management in Norway: Modernization Challenges and 3,4 Conflicting Strategies. In: Jentoft, S., H. Minde and R. Nielsen (eds.), INDIGENOUS PEOPLES: Resource Management and Global Rights. Eburon, Delft, Netherlands., 229-247. ISBN 90 5166978 X Karlsen, S. R. & A. Elvebakk. 2003. A method using indicator plants to map local climatic 1,2 variation in the Kangerlussuaq/Scoresby Sund area, East Greenland. Journal of Biogeography 30: 1469–1491. Riseth, J.Å., B.Johansen, & A.Vatn, 2004. Aspects of a two-pasture-herbivore model. 1 Rangifer, Special Issue 1, 65-81.ISSN 0801-6399. Riseth, J.Å. 2005. “So the last shall be first, and the first last”? Sámi Reindeer Management 3,4 vs. other land users in Mid-Scandinavia. Chapter 3 in: Cant, G., J. Inns & A. Goodall . Discourses and Silences: Indigenous Peoples, Risks and Resistance. Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand, 35-55. ISBN 0-473- 01628-0. Riseth, J.Å. N. Labba & J. K. H. Kalstad (2005) Analyse av den samiske reindriftas 3,4 økonomiske tilpasning - Et samarbeidsprosjekt mellom Nordisk Samisk Institutt (NSI) og Umeå Universitet (UU), Centrum för samisk forskning (CESAM) The 13th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. NORs 13. nordiske forskningskonferanse om rein og reindrift. Røros, Norge, 23-25 august 2004. Rangifer Report No. 10, 69-78. Riseth, Jan Åge. 2005. Nature protection and the colonial legacy - Sámi reindeer 3,4 management versus urban recreation: the case of Junkerdal-Balvatn, Northern Norway. In: Tiina Peil and Michael Jones (eds) Landscape, Law and Justice. Proceedings of a conference organised by the Centre for Advanced Study at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters, Oslo 15-19 June 2003 The Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture. 325 pages, maps. Ill., Serie B: Skrifter vol. CXVIII (118). Novus

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forlag, Oslo, 173-186. Johansen, B. & S. R. Karlsen. 2005. Monitoring vegetation changes on Finnmarksvidda, 2,5 Northern Norway, using Landsat MSS and Landsat TM/ETM plus satellite images. Phytocoenologia, 35: 969-984. Karlsen, S. R., A. Elvebakk & B. Johansen. 2005. A vegetation-based method to map 2 climatic variation in the arctic-boreal transition area of Finnmark, north-easternmost Norway. Journal of Biogeography, 32: 1161-1186. Tømmervik, H., K.-A. Høgda, J. Å. Riseth, S.-R. Karlsen & F. E. Wielgolaski (2005). 2 Endringer i vekstsesongen i Fennoskandia og Kola i perioden 1982-1999 og betydning for reindriften. The 13th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research. Røros, Norge, 23-25 august 2004. Rangifer Report No. 10, 89-98. Beck P. S.A. , C. Atzberger, K.A. Høgda, B. Johansen and A. K. Skidmor. Improved 1,2,5 monitoring of vegetation dynamics at very high latitudes: A new method using MODIS NDVI. Remote Sensing of Environment, Pages 321-334, Volume 100, Issue 3, 15 February 2006. Karlsen, S. R., Elvebakk, A., Høgda, K.A. & Johansen, B. 2006. Satellite based mapping 2,5 of the growing season and bioclimatic zones in Fennoscandia. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 15: 416-430. Shutova, E., F.E. Wielgolaski, S.R. Karlsen, O. Makarova, E. Haraldsson, P.E. Aspholm, N. 2,5 Berlina, T. Filimonova, L. Flø & K.A. Høgda. 2006. Growing season in nordic mountain birch in the northernmost Europe as indicated by long-term field studies and analyses of satellite images. Int J Biometereology, 51: 155-166. DOI: 10.1007/s00484-006-0042-y. Riseth, J.Å (2006) “Sámi reindeer herd managers: why do they stay in a low-profit 3,4 business? ” The British Food Journal. 108 (7) Emerald. ISSN: 0007-070X, 541-559. Labba, Niklas, Svein Ole Granefjell, Björn Linder & Jan Åge Riseth (2006). ”Analyse av 3,4 den samiske reindriftas økonomiske tilpasning” Reinen; Inntekstkilde eller kulturforankring? Diedut 4/2006, Kautokeino. Herfindal, I., Sæther, B.-E., Solberg, E.J., Andersen, R., & Høgda, K.A. Population 1 characteristics predict responses in moose body mass to temporal variation in the environment. Journal of Animal Ecology, 75, 1110-1118, 2006. Garel, M., E.J. Solberg, B.-E. Sæther, I. Herfindal, and K.A. Høgda. The length of growing 1 season and adult sex ratio affect sexual size dimorphism in moose. Ecology, 87, 745-758, 2006. Herfindal, I., E.J. Solberg,, B.-E. Sæther, K.A. Høgda, and R. Andersen. Environmental 1 phenology and geographical gradients in moose body mass. Oecologia, Volume 150, Number 2, November, 2006. Wielgolaski, F.E. & S.R. Karlsen. 2007. Some views on plants in polar and alpine regions. 2 "ReViews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology", special issue on "Life in Extreme Environments". 6: 33-45 Tveraa, T., P. Fauchald, N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims, R. Aanes, and K. A. Høgda. 2007. 1,2,4, What regulate and limit reindeer populations in Norway? Oikos 116:706-715. Labba, N. & J.Å. Riseth (2007) Analys av den samiska renskötselns ekonomiska 3,4 tillpassning. Renen, intäktskälla eller kulturfäste? The 14th Nordic Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry Research, NORs 14. nordiske forskningskonferanse om rein og reindrift, Helsinki/Vantaa, Finland, 20-22 March 2006. Rangifer Report No. 12, 57-70. Karlsen, S.R, Solheim, I., Beck, P.S.A., Høgda, K-A, Wielgolaski, F.E, & Tømmervik, H. 2 2007. Variability of the start of the growing season in Fennoscandia, 1982-2002. International Journal of Biometereology, 51: 513-524. Høgda K.A, Karlsen S.R & H. Tømmervik. 2007. Changes in growing season in 2 Fennoscandia 1982-1999. In: Ørbæk J.B, Kallenborn R, Tombre I, Hegseth E.N, Falk- Petersen S & A.H. Hoel (eds) Arctic Alpine Ecosystems and People in a Changing Environment. Springer-Verlag, pp 71-84.

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Aanesen, M 2007. Public Intervention in a “take-it-or-leave-it” transaction situation under 4 varying interests of the intervening body. Environment and Development Economics 11, 393-409 Johansen, B. Tømmervik, H. & Karlsen S.R. 2007. Finnmarksvidda - kartlegging og 1,2,5 overvåking av reinbeiter Status 2006. NORUT IT Rapport. IT394/1-2007. 47 s. Riseth,Jan Åge (2007): An Indigenous Perspective on National Parks and Sámi Reindeer 3,4 Management in Norway. Geographical Research, June 2007 45(2):177-185. doi:10.1111/j.1745-5871.2007.00449.x Sköld, Peter & Riseth, Jan Åge (2007) Förord. // Renskötseln är mitt liv : Analys av den 3,4 samiska renskötselns ekonomiska anpassning, Nordin, Åsa (ed.).Miscellaneous publications : Publications from Vaartoe – Centre for Sami Research, ISSN 1651 5455; S. 17-18. Riseth, J. Å. & L. Oksanen (2007) RESSURSØKONOMISKE OG ØKOLOGISKE 3,4 PERSPEKTIVER PÅ GRENSEOVER-KRIDENDE REINDRIFT. I: E.G. Broderstad, E, Niemi,. & I. Sommerseth: “Grenseover-kridende reindrift før og etter 1905”. Skriftserie ,nr. 14. Senter for samiske studier. Universitetet i Tromsø, Tromsø, 93-113. ISSN 0804-6093. Beck, P.S.A., Jönsson, P., Køgda, K-A., Karlsen, S.R., Eklund, L. & A.K. Skidmoree. 1,2,5 2007. A ground-validated NDVI dataset for monitoring vegetation dynamics and mapping phenology in Fennoscandia and the Kola peninsula. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 28: 4311–4330. Tombre I. M., K. A. Høgda, J. Madsen, L. R. Griffin, E.T Kuijken, P. Shimmings, E. Rees, 2 and C. Verscheure. The onset of spring and timing of migration in two arctic nesting goose populations: the pink-footed goose Anser bachyrhynchus and the barnacle goose Branta leucopsis J. Avian Biol. 39: 2008 Bauer S., M. Van Dinther, K. A. Høgda, M. Klaasen, and J. Madsen. The consequences of 2 climate-driven stop-over sites changes on migration schedules and fitness of Arctic geese. Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 77, Issue 4, pp 654-660, doi:10.1111/j.1365- 2656.2008.01381.x, april 2008. Karlsen, S.R., A. Tolvanen, E. Kubin, J. Poikolainen, K.A. Høgda, B. Johansen, F. S. 2,5 Danks, P. Aspholm, F. E. Wielgolaski & O. Makarova. 2008. MODIS-NDVI based mapping of the length of the growing season in northern Fennoscandia. Int. J. Appl. Earth Observ. Geoinform, 10: 253-266. Aunapuu, M., Dahlgren, J., Oksanen, T., Grellmann, D., Oksanen, L., Olofsson, J., Rammul, 1,2 Ü, Schneider, M., Johansen, B. & Hygen H.O. 2008. Spatial patterns and dynamic responses of arctic food webs corroborate the Exploitation Ecosystems Hypothesis (EEH). The American Naturalist, Vol. 171. No2: 249-262. Tor Arnesen & Jan Åge Riseth (2008) Konfliktfyllda naturskyddsprocesser i Norge. 3,4 Kapittel 4 i: Sandström, C., S. Hovik og E. I. Falleth. (red.): Omstridd natur. Trender och utmaningar i nordisk naturförvaltning. Umeå: Borea, 83-104. ISBN 978-91-89140- 60-8. Riseth, Jan Åge & Arvid Holte (2008) Rennäring och nationalparker i Norge. Kapittel 13 i: 3,4 Sandström, C., S. Hovik og E. I. Falleth. (red.): Omstridd natur. Trender och utmaningar i nordisk naturförvaltning. Umeå: Borea, 269-290. ISBN 978-91-89140-60-8. Karlsen, S.R., K. A. Høgda, B. Johansen, A. Elvebakk, V. Fedotova & A. Tolvanen 2 .2010. GIMMS–NDVI Based Mapping of the Growing Season North of 50°N. In: Talbot, S., Charron, T., Barry, T. (eds.). 2010. Proceedings of the Fifth International Workshop: Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF) Flora Group. Circumboreal Vegetation Mapping (CBVM) Workshop, Helsinki, Finland, November 3-6th, 2008. CAFF International Secretariat, CAFF Flora Expert Group (CFG), CAFF Technical Report No. 21. p. 143. Riseth, Jan Åge, Ivar Lie, Bernt Holst, Stein-Rune Karlsen, Hans Tømmervik (2009) 1,2,3 Climate change and the Sámi reindeer industry in Norway. Probable needs of adaptation. Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges and Decisions IOP Publishing. IOP Conf.

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Series: Earth and Environmental Science 6 (2009) 34203.9 doi:10.1088/1755- 1307/6/4/342039 Riseth, Jan Åge (2009): Sámi modernitehta ja teorehtalaš boazodoallodiehtu: Reflekšuvdna 3,4 diehtočoahkkimiin [Sámi modernity and theoretical knowledge of reindeer management: A reflection over knowledge encounters]. In: Keskitalo, Jan Henry, Kristine Nystad og Torunn Pettersen. SámiOahpahus. Sámidutkan. Sámi Ásahus. Sámi allaskuvlla 20-jagi [Sámi education – sámi research – sámi institution. Sámi University College – 20 years] Sámi University College, 119-125. ISBN 978-82-7367- 022-9. Tømmervik H., Johansen B., Riseth, J.Å., Karlsen S.R., Solberg B., Høgda K.A. 2009. 1,2,5 Above ground biomass changes in the mountain birch forests and mountain heaths of Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway, in the period 1957-2006. Forest Ecology and Management 257 (2009): 244-257. Karlsen, S.R., K. A. Høgda, F.E. Wielgolaski, A. Tolvanen, H.Tømmervik, J. Poikolainen 2,5 & E.Kubin. 2009. Growing-season trends in Fennoscandia 1982 - 2006, determined from satellite and phenology data. Climate Research. 39: 275-286. Jepsen, J., S. Hagen, S.R. Karlsen & R. Ims. 2009. Phase-dependent outbreak dynamics of 2 geometrid moth linked to host plant phenology. Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 276: 4119-4128. Jepsen, J.U., Hagen, S.B., Høgda, K.A., Ims, R.A., Karlsen, S.R., Tømmervik, H.A. & 2,5 Yoccoz, N.G. 2009. Monitoring the spatio-temporal dynamics of geometrid moth outbreaks in birch forest using MODIS NDVI. Remote Sensing of Environment. 113: 1939-1947. Karlsen, S.R., H. Ramfjord, K. A. Høgda, B. Johansen, F. S. Danks & T. E. Brobakk. 2,5 2009. A satellite-based map of onset of birch (Betula) flowering in Norway. Aerobiologia, 25: 15-25. Arnesen, Tor and Jan Åge Riseth (2009) Protection and equity? Local and indigenous 3,4 encounters with the grand scheme of area protection in Norway. In: Nordic Tourism: Issues and Cases. Michael Hall, Dieter Muller and Jarkko Sarinen. Channelview, 77- 80. ISBN 978-1-84541-093-3. Riseth, Jan Åge (2009). Modernization and pasture degradation. A comparative study of 1,3 two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway 1960-1990.VDM Verlag. ISBN. 978-3- 639-16485-5. Asille, M., Herfindal, I., Santin-Janin, H., Linnell, J. D. C., Odden, J., Andersen, R., Høgda, 1 K. A. & Gaillard, J.-M. What shapes Eurasian lynx distribution in human dominated landscapes: selecting prey or avoiding people? Ecography, 32, 683-691, 2009. Hofgaard, A., G. Rees, H. Tømmervik, O. Tutubalina, E. Golubeva, N. Lukina, K. A. 1 Høgda, S.R. Karlsen, L. Isaeva & V. Kharuk. 2010. Role of disturbed vegetation in mapping the boreal zone in northern Eurasia. Applied Vegetation Science. 13: 460-472. Rott H., S.Yueh, D.W. Cline, C. Duguay, R. Essery, C. Haas, F. Hélière, M. Kern, G. 1,2,5 Macelloni, E. Malnes, T. Nagler, J. Pulliainen, H. Rebhan, A. Thompson, “Cold Regions Hydrology High-resolution Observatory for Snow and Cold Land Processes”, IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, 99, 1-10,2010. Riseth, Jan Åge og Jan Idar Solbakken (2010) Naturbruk i Kautokeino i et kulturhistorisk 3,4 lys. Utmark 1/2010. Malnes E, Karlsen SR, Johansen B and Høgda KA., “Monitoring of the snow coverage 1,2,5 and its relation to vegetation and growing seasons on Svalbard using Envisat ASAR and Terra MODIS”, Proceedings to ESA Living planet symposium, Bergen, 28 June-2 July, 2010. Solberg R., H.Koren, J. Amlien, E. Malnes, D.Vikhamar Schuler and N.K. Orthe, “The 5 development of new algorithms for remote sensing of snow conditions based on data from the catchment of Øvre Heimdalsvatn and the vicinity”, Hydrobiologica, 642: 35- 46, 2010. Karlsen, S.R., K.A. Høgda, A. Tolvanen, B. Johansen. & A. Elvebakk. 2010. New 1,5

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Satellite-Based Maps of the Growing Season North of 50°N. Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7840 784023-1. Karlsen, S.R., B. Johansen, H. Tømmervik, J.Å.Riseth & I.I.Vistnes. 2010. Potential 2 effects of temperature increase on forest distribution on Finnmarksvidda, North Norway. In. Haugerud, R.E., B. Hatteng & B.M.N. Eskonsipo. 2010. Rangifer Report No. 14 – The 16th Nordic Research Conference on Reindeer and Reindeer Husbandry, Tromsø, Norway, 16-18 Nov 2010. pp. 96-99. Norwegian and English version. Melis, C., Herfindal, I., Kauhala, K., Andersen, R. & Høgda, K. A. Predicting animal 2 performance through climatic and plant phenology variables: The case of an omnivore hibernating species in Finland. Mammalian Biology, 75 151–159, 2010. Melis C., Basille, M., Herfindal I., Linnell J.D.C., Odden, J., Gaillard, J.-M., Høgda K.-A. & 1 Andersen R. Roe deer population growth and lynx predation along a gradient of environmental productivity and climate in Norway. Ecoscience 17 (2) 166-174 2010. Riseth, Jan Åge (2011)”Can Traditional Knowledge Play a Significant Role in Nature 3,4 Management? Reflections on Institutional Challenges for the Sámi in Norway ” In: Porsanger, Jelena & Gunvor Guttorm. (eds.) “Working with Traditional Knowledge: Communities, Institutions, Information Systems, Law and Ethics. Writings from the Árbediehtu Project on Sami Traditional Knowledge” Diedut 1/2011, 127-161. Johansen, B. Tømmervik, H. & Karlsen S.R. 2011. Finnmarksvidda - kartlegging og 1,5 overvåking av reinbeiter - Status 2009/2010. NORUT Rapport. 400/1-2011. 45 s. Tømmervik, H., Bjerke, J., Gaare, E., Johansen, B. & Thannheiser, D. 2011. Rapid 1 recovery of recently overexploited winter grazing pastures for reindeer in northern Norway. Fungal Ecology (2011), doi:10.1016/j.funeco.2011.08.002 Malnes E., J.Å.Riseth, C. Johansson and H. Tømmervik,” Satellite monitoring of Snow on 1,2,5 reindeer pastures in Northern parts of Sweden and Norway”, Proceedings to EARSeL LIS workshop, Berne, February 7-9, 2011. Wielgolaski, F.E, Ø. Nordli, S.R. Karlsen & B. O’Neill. 2011. Plant phenological variation 2,5 in Norway during the 1928-1977 period related to temperature. International Journal of Biometereology. 55:819–830. Ween, Gro B. & Jan Åge Riseth (2011). Doing is learning: Analysis of an unsuccessful 3,4 attempt to adapt IK methodology to Norwegian Sámi circumstances. Online publication date: 28 Nov 2011. Acta Borealia. 2/2011, 228-242. DOI:10.1080/08003831.2011.626944 Dana, Leo Paul & Jan Åge Riseth (2011). Reindeer Herders in Finland: Pulled to 3,4 Community-based Entrepreneurship & Pushed to Individualistic Firms. The Polar Journal 1 (1), June, 2011, 108-123. DOI: 10.1080/2154896X.2011.568795. Online publication date: 08 June 2011. Riseth, Jan Åge, Hans Tømmervik, Elina Helander-Renvall, Niklas Labba, Cecilia 1,2,3, Johansson, Eirik Malnes, Jarle W. Bjerke, Christer Jonsson, Veijo Pohjola, Lars-Erik 4 Sarri, Audhild Schanche and Terry V. Callaghan (2011). Sámi traditional ecological , knowledge as a guide to science: snow, ice and reindeer pasture facing climate change. 5 Polar Record, 47: 202-217 doi:10.1017/S0032247410000434. Callaghan, Terry V, Stef Bokhorst, Ross Brown, Pavel Y. Groisman, Cecilia Johansson, 2,3,4 Margareta Johansson, Niklas Labba, Vladimir Radionov, Jan Åge Riseth (2011) “Winter snow melt events in the Eurasian Arctic: consequences analysed from scientific and indigenous knowledge” Invited oral presentation at the Session BG5.1; "Integration of Environmental, Socio-economic and Climatic Change Studies in Northern Eurasia" European Geosciences Union. General Assembly 2011.Vienna, Austria, 03 – 08 April 2011. Rasmussen, Rasmus Ole (ed.), Anna Karlsdottir, Claudio Pellegatta, Ekaterina Toropushina, 1,2,3, Jan Åge Riseth, Klaus Georg Hansen, Lawrence C. Hamilton, Lee Huskey, Ludmila 4 Zahlkind, Natalia Loukacheva, Peter Nielsen, & Sámal T. F. Johansen (2011): MEGATRENDS. TemaNord 2011:527 © Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen 2011. ISBN 978-92-893-2223-2.

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Dana, Leo Paul & Jan Åge Riseth (2012) "Sámi Reindeer Herders in Finland: Pulled to 3,4 Community-Based Entrepreneurship & Pushed to Individualistic Firms". In: "Entrepreneurship, Social Capital and Governance" E. Elgar Publ. Johansen, B., S.R. Karlsen & H. Tømmervik 2012. Vegetation mapping of Svalbard 1,5 utilising Landsat TM/ETM+ data. Polar Record. 48:47-63.

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Institution CV for: CICERO - Centre of International Climate and Environmental research , Tromsø Department

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers) 2. Name Role Competence A.E.J. Ogilvie PI WP3 Reconstruction of climate and sea-ice indices, human ecology of Arctic and Subarctic regions, human and social dynamics in the context of climatic and environmental changes, adaptation to socio-ecological changes, local knowledge.

H. Amundsen PhD student WP3 Impacts, adaptation and vulnerability to climate change on different scales.

M. Warg Næss Postdoc WP3 Quantitative anthropology, nomadic pastoralism, human ecology, emphasis on interdisciplinary research

G.K. Hovelsrud Researcher WP3 Interdisciplinary studies of vulnerability and adaptation to climate change, resilience and adaptive capacity of coupled human-environment systems

B.H. van Oort Researcher WP3 Data processing and analysis, Statistics, HSE consultant, Database development, Website editing, Teaching, Laboratory- and Fieldwork.

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Arctic Climate Change, RCN-NORKLIMA Grete Hovelsrud (researcher) Tourism, and outdoor End date 31.12.2011 Helene Amundsen (PhD recreation, (ACTOR 30263) student) Agriculture and Climate – RCN Grete K. Hovelsrud (PI) 3 Climate Change Vulnerability 2009-2012 Bob van Oort (researcher) and Adaptive Capacity in the Agricultural Sector in Northern Norway NORADAPT – Community RCN- NORKLIMA Grete K. Hovelsrud (PI) adaptation and vulnerability in Until enf 2011 Bob van Oort (researcher) Norway SIP - Adapting to extreme RCN Helene Amundsen 3 weather in Norwegian Until end 2011 Grete K. Hovelsrud municipalities (Klima SIP) Critical Aspects of Adaptive RCN – NORKLIMA Grete K. Hovelsrud (PI) 3 Capacity To Climate Change 2012-2014 Helene Amundsen (PhD stud.) in the Northern Regions Bob van Oort (researcher) Understanding Climate-Driven US National Science Astrid Ogilvie (PI) 3 Phenological Change – Foundation Observations Adaptations and Ends 2012 Cultural Implications in Northeastern Siberia and Labrador/ Nunatsiavut (PHENARC)

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4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Paper WP Amundsen, H., Berglund, F. and Westskog, H. 2010. Overcoming barriers to climate change 3 adaptation – a question of multilevel governance? Environment and Planning C, 28 (2): pp. 276-289. DOI: 10.1068/c0941. Demarée, G.R. and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. The Moravian missionaries at the Labrador Coast 2,3 and their centuries- long contribution to instrumental meteorological observations. Climatic Change, 91, 423-450. Demarée, G.R., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Csonka, Y. 2010. The Inuit, the Moravian Brethren and Connections with French-speaking Switzerland. Journal of the North Atlantic 3, 24-30. 2,3 Demarée, G.R., Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Csonka, Y. 2011. Connections between the Inuit Peoples of Labrador/Nunatsiavut, the Moravian Brethren, and French-speaking Switzerland. In 2,3 (John P.Ziker and Florian Stammler, eds.), Histories from the North: Environments, Movements, and Narratives: Proceedings of the BOREAS conference, Rovaneimi, Finland, 29-31 October, 2009. In press. Demarée, G.R., and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2011. Climate-related information in 2,3,4 Labrador/Nunatsiavut: evidence from Moravian missionary journals. Bulletin des séances ARSOM-KAOW (Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences, Belgium). In press. Hovelsrud, G.K., Huntington, H.P. and Ragen, T. 2008. Conservation of Arctic Marine 2,3,4 Mammals in the Face of Climate Change. Ecological Applications, 18 (2): pp. S116- S174. Hovelsrud, G. K., McKenna, M. and Huntington, H.P. 2008. Marine Mammal Harvests and 2,5 other Interactions with Humans. Ecological Applications, 18 (2): pp. 135-147. Hovelsrud, G.K., Poppel, B. van Oort, B. Reist, J. (forthcoming) Chapter 10 Arctic Societies, 3 Cultures, and Peoples in a Changing Cryosphere. In: Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic – SWIPA science report. AMAP assessment report, AMAP, Oslo, 10-1:10- 38. Hovelsrud, Grete K., Dannevig, H., West, J. and Amundsen, H. 2010. Adaptation in Fisheries and Municipalities: Three communities in Northern Norway. In: Smith, Barry 3 and Grete K. Hovelsrud (eds.), Community Adaptation and Vulnerability in Arctic Regions. Springer, 23-62. Hovelsrud, G.K. and Smit, B. (Eds.). 2010. Community Adaptations and Vulnerability in 3 Arctic Regions. Springer, Netherlands – Dordrecht. Nordli, Ø. Lundstad, E, and Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2007. A late-winter to early-spring temperature reconstruction for southeastern Norway from 1758 to 2006. Annals of Glaciology 46, 2,3 404-408. Næss, M.W., Fauchald, P., and Tveraa, T. 2009. Scale dependency and the “marginal” value of labor. Human Ecology 37(2):193-211. DOI: 10.1007/s10745-009-9226-5. 1,3 Næss, M.W. 2010. Contradictory Evidence as a Guide for Future Research - Investigating the Relationship between Pastoral Labour and Production. Nomadic Peoples 14(1):51-71. 1,3 DOI: 10.3167/np.2010.140104. Næss, M.W., Bårdsen, B.-J., Fauchald, P. and Tveraa, T. 2010. Cooperative pastoral production – the importance of kinship. Evolution and Human Behavior 31(4):246-258. 1,3 DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.12.004. Næss, M.W. and Bårdsen, B.-J. 2010. Environmental stochasticity and long-term livestock viability – herd-accumulation as a risk reducing strategy. Human Ecology 38(1):3-17. 1,3 DOI: 10.1007/s10745-009-9288-4. Næss, M.W., Bårdsen, B.-J., Pedersen, E. and Tveraa, T. 2011. Pastoral herding strategies and governmental management objectives: predation compensation as a risk buffering 1,3 strategy in the Saami reindeer husbandry. Human Ecology 39(4):489-508. DOI:

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10.1007/s10745-011-9398-7.

Næss, M.W., Bårdsen, B.-J. and Tveraa, T. (in revision). Wealth dependent and interdependent strategies in the Saami reindeer husbandry, Norway. Evolution and 1, 3 Human Behavior. Næss, M.W. (in press). Tibetan Nomads Facing an Uncertain Future: Impacts of Climate 1,3 Change on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, in Lamadrid, A & Kelman, I. (eds.), Climate Change Modeling for Local Adaptation in the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Region. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Næss, M.W. (in press). Cooperative pastoral production - reconceptualizing the relationship 1,3 between pastoral labor and production. American Anthropologist. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and McGovern T.H. 2000. Sagas and science: climate and human impacts in 3 the North Atlantic. (In) Vikings: The North Atlantic Saga (Eds W. W. Fitzhugh and E. I. Ward), Smithsonian Instititution Press, Washington, 385-393. Ogilvie, A.E.J., Barlow, L.K., Jennings, A.E., 2000. North Atlantic climate c. A.D. 1000: Millennial reflections on the Viking discoveries of Iceland, Greenland and North 3 America, Weather, 55 (2), 34-45. Ogilvie, A.E.J., Woollett, J.M., Smiarowski, K., Arneborg, J., Troelstra, S., Pálsdóttir, A. and McGovern, T.H. 2009. Seals and sea ice in medieval Greenland, Journal of the North 2,3 Atlantic 2, 60-80. Ogilvie, A.E.J. and Jónsson, Trausti. (eds) 2001. The Iceberg in the Mist: Northern Research in Pursuit of a “Little Ice Age”. (Reprinted from Climatic Change 48) Kluwer 2,3 Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2001. Climate and farming in northern Iceland, ca. 1700-1850. (In) Aspects of Arctic and Sub-Arctic History (Eds Ingi Sigurðsson and Jón Skaptason.) University of 2,3 Iceland Press, Reykjavík, 289-299. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2005. Local knowledge and travellers’ tales: A selection of climatic 3 observations in Iceland. (In) Iceland - Modern Processes and Past Environments, Developments in Quaternary Science 5. Series Editor Jim Rose. (Eds. C. Caseldine, A. Russell, J. Harðardóttir and O. Knudsen), Elsevier, Amsterdam-Boston-Heidelberg- London, 257-287. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2008. Movements, Narratives and Environments of Mountain and Wetland Communities in Valdres, Norway: From Transhumance to Tourism. 6th International 1,3 Congress of Arctic Social Sciences (ICASS VI). Arctic Social Sciences: Prospects for the International Polar Year 2007-2008 Era and Beyond. Nuuk, 22-26 August, 2008. Book of Abstracts, 43-44. Ogilvie, A.E.J. 2010. Historical climatology, Climatic Change, and implications for climate science in the 21st century, Climatic Change 100, 33-47. 2,3 Stokkan, K.-A., van Oort, B.E.H., Tyler, N.J.C. and A.S.I. Loudon (2007) Adaptations for 1 life in the Arctic: evidence that melatonin rhythms in reindeer are not driven by a circadian oscillator but remainacutely sensitive to environmental photoperiod. Journal of Pineal Research 43(3):289-93. Storeheier, P.V., van Oort, B.E.H., Sundset, M.A. and Mathiesen, S.D. (2003). Food intake 1 of reindeer in winter. Journal of Agricultural Science 141:93-101. van Oort, B.E.H., Hovelsrud, G.K., Reist, J.D. (forthcoming) Chapter 9.4. Effects of sea-ice 3,5 change on human society. In: Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic - SWIPA science report. AMAP assessment report, AMAP, Oslo, 9-53:9-89. van Oort, B.E.H., Tyler, N.J.C., Gerkema, M.P., Folkow, L. and Stokkan, K.-A. (2007) Where clocks are redundant: weak circadian mechanisms in reindeer living under polar 1 photic conditions. Naturwissenschaften 94:183–194. van Oort, B.E.H., Tyler, N.J.C., Gerkema, M.P., Folkow, L., Schytte-Blix, A. and Stokkan, 1 K.-A. (2005) Circadian organization in reindeer. Nature 438:1095-1096.

89 90 van Oort, B.E.H., Tyler, N.J.C., Storeheier, P.-V. and Stokkan, K.-A. (2004). The 1 performance and validation of a data logger for long-term determination of activity in free-ranging reindeer, Rangifer tarandus (L.). Applied Animal Behaviour Science 89(3- 4): 299-308. van Oort, B.E.H., Tyler, N.J.C., Reierth, E. and Stokkan, K.-A. (2000). Biological rhythms in Arctic vertebrates. Rangifer 20(2-3):99-112. 1 West, Jennifer and Grete K. Hovelsrud, 2010. Cross-scale adaptation challenges in the coastal fisheries: findings from Lebesby, Northern Norway. Arctic, 63 (3), 338-354. 3

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Institution CV for: Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research (NIKU)

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers) Name Role Competence Einar Researcher WP 3, 4 Management of renewable resources. Sami society, Eythórsson resource use in North Norway. Indigenous rights to resources and land Marit Myrvoll CO-PI WP 3, 4 Indigenous cultural heritage. Cultural heritage management, traditional knowledge, cultural history and religious beliefs. Inger Marie Researcher WP 2, 4, Archaeology and indigenous cultural heritage, cultural Holm-Olsen 5 heritage management, monitoring, applications of GIS, monitoring. Stine Researcher WP 2, 3, Archaeology and indigenous cultural heritage, cultural Barlindhaug 4, 5 heritage management, monitoring, applications of GIS, monitoring. Alma Elizabeth Researcher WP 2, 3, Archaeological applications of GIS, databases, satellite Thuestad 4, 5 images, remote sensing, archaeology and cultural history. Elin Rose Researcher WP 2, 3, Archaeology and indigenous cultural heritage, cultural Myrvoll 4 heritage management, monitoring, applications of GIS, monitoring.

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Adaptive management of RCN Einar Eythórsson (PI) 4 migratory populations: 2011-2013 developing novel tools at the 900 000 interface between ecology, agriculture and society.Migrapop Reducing damage to RCN Einar Eythórsson (PI, 4 agriculture by migratory 2011-2013 NIKU) geese by means of 723 000 population control; investigating the use of adaptive organisation of hunting, GOOSEHUNT 100-year limit for automatic Riksantikvaren I. M. Holm-Olsen (PI) 3, 4 protection of Sámi cultural 2010-2012 M. Myrvoll (Researcher) heritage sites 1,1 mill A. Thuestad (Researcher) E. R. Myrvoll (Researcher) «Från kust til kyst” Møter, RCN M. Myrvoll (PI) 3 miljø og migrasjon i det 2011-2014 pitesamiske området på 1,047 mill norsk og svensk side Cultural sites, Traditional RCN Stine Barlindhaug (PI / 3, 4 knowledge and Participatory 2008-2011 PHD- project) mapping; Long Time Land 2,4 mill use in Sápmi

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3. Graduate level education

Not relevant

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belongs the present institution).

Paper/Chapter WP Amundsen, C., J.E. Henriksen, E. Myrvoll, B.Olsen, & P. Urbanczyk 2003. Crossing borders: 3 Multi-roomhouses and inter-ethnic contacts in Europe`s extreme north (pp 79-100), Fennoscandia Archaeologica XX. Barlindhaug S., & I. M. Holm-Olsen 2005. Fra pixler til prognoser i Troms. Romfartsteknologi 4, 5 i Kulturminnenes tjeneste. In: Kulturminner en ressurs i tiden, Pp 24-33. ed. C. Paludan- Müller og G.Gundhus. NIKU. (English title: From pixels to prognoses Space age technology in the service of cultural history). Barlindhaug, S. & I.M. Holm-Olsen, 2006. Bruk av satelittbilder for lokalisering, overvåking 4, og prediksjon av kulturminner. - Pp.317-325 in Egenberg, I.M., Skar, B. & Swensen, G.(eds.) Kultur - Minner og Miljøer. Strategiske instituttprogrammer 2001-2005. NIKU Tema (18). Barlindhaug S., I. M. Holm-Olsen & Tømmervik, H. 2007 Monitorig archaelogical sites in a 4, 5 changing landscape. Using Multi-temporal satellite remote sensing as an ”early warning”method for detecting re-growth processes. Archaeological Prospection. 14(4): Pp 231-244. Wiley Inter Science. Barlindhaug, S., T. Risan, A. E. Thuestad, 2007 Kulturhistoriske registreringer. Porsangermoen – Hálkavárri skytefelt. NIKU-Rapport 17. 80pages. + appendix. (English title: archaeological and historical surveys within Porsangermoen – Hálkavárri military training area). Barlindhaug, S. & B. Pettersen 2011. Kartfesting av lokal kunnskap - en tverrfaglig tilnærming 3, 4 til kulturminneregistrering. Primitive Tider Vol 13. Pp. 17-29. Barlindhaug, S., I. M. Holm-Olsen, T.Risan, O. Risbøl & M.- L. B. Sollund, 2008. Fortiden sett 4, 5 fra lufta – fjernmålingsmetoder til overvåking av kulturminner og kulturlandskap. (English: Monitoring the “past” through remote sensing methods) KART OG PLAN: Vol. 2, pp. 106– 118. Bjørklund, I. & E. Eythórsson . 2011. Fiske, fangst og tradisjonell kunnskap i indre Varanger, 3 innsamlet av Johan Albert Kalstad. Av. Tromsø Museum Skrifter XXXII. 2011. Eikeland Sveinung, Einar Eythórsson and Lyudmila Ivanova, 2004. From Management to 4 Mediation: Local Forestry Management and the Forestry Crisis in Post- Socialist Russia. Environmental Management Vol 33 No 3 pp285-293. Elvebakk, T., Fløystad, B., Huva, M. og Myrvoll, M. 2010. Renewing language and culture: The 3 Sámi experience. In Bielenberg og Constantinou (red): Empowerment through language Revival: Current efforts and Recommandations for Cypriot Maronite Arabic. The Sanna Project. Paper 2/2010. PRIO Cyprus Centre. Eythorsson, E., E.R. Myrvoll, M.Myrvoll, A. Thuestad, B. Bjerkli, B. Evjen, S. Joks, Ø. Ravna 3, 4 2011. Felt 1 Stierdná/Stjernøya og Sievju/Seiland; Sakkyndig utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen (Expert report for the Finnmark Commission part 1 Stierdná/Stjernøya and Sievju/Seiland. NIKU oppdragsrapport(42/2011). NIKU SA/SH UiT Eythórsson, E., M. Myrvoll, J. Weines, H. Hansen, T. Länsmann 2011. Documentation of use 3, 4 from oral sources. Report for the Finnmark Commission (Innsamling fra muntlige kilder. Utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen.) NIKU Report 261/2011. Eythórsson, E., E. R. Myrvoll, M. Myrvoll, A. Thuestad, B. Bjerkli, B. Evjen, S. Joks, & Ø. 3, 4 Ravna. Felt 2 Unjárgga gielda/Nesseby kommune; Sakkyndig utredning for

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Finnmarkskommisjonen (Part 1 Part 2 Unjárgga gielda/Nesseby kommune. Expert report for the Finnmark Commission. NIKU Oppdragsrapport 43/2011. Helliksen, W., I.M. Holm-Olsen, O.H. Nesheim, B. Pettersen, & R. Sønderland, 2001. The New 4 NorwegianRock Art Database. - Pp.455-458 in International Cultural Heritage Informatics Meeting, Milano. Vol. 2. Milano. Henriksen, J E., E. Myrvoll, B. Olsen and C. P. Amundsen 2006. Culture Contact, Coping, and 3 commercialization in Arctic Norway AD1200-1600. I J. Arneborg and B. Grønnow (red.). The Dynamics of Northern Societies. The SILA and NABO Conference in Copenhagen, May 10th - 14th - 2004. Copenehagen: The National Museum of Denmark 2006 (pp 245-257). Holm-Olsen, I. M., Myrvoll E. R., Myrvoll, M., & Thuestad, A. 2011. Managing the 3, automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Case studies and relevant models. (100- årsgrensen for automatisk fredete samiske kulturminner: Casestudier og mulige modeller). NIKU Report 43. Holm-Olsen, I. M., Myrvoll E. R., Myrvoll, M., & Thuestad, A. 2010. Managing the 3 automatic protection of Sámi cultural heritage: Status and scenarios. NIKU Report 40. Holm-Olsen, I. M. & A. Thuestad, A. 2008. Fortidens minner i dagen s landskap. Status for automatisk Fredete kulturminner i Guovdageinnu suohkan / Kautokeino kommune, Finnmark 2006. NIKU Tema 25. Myrvoll, E. R., I. M. Holm-Olsen, & A. T. Thuestad, ( In Press/2011): Fangstanlegg og 3, 4 landskap i Finnmark. In: Sætren, A, Fløisand, I. & Larsen, K. C. (eds.) NIKU Tema. Myrvoll E. R., A. Thuestad, & I. M. Holm-Olsen (In Press/2011). Wild reindeer hunting in 3, 4 Arctic Norway: landscape, reindeer migration patterns and the distribution of hunting pits in Finnmark. Fennoscandia archaeologica XXVIII (pp 3-17). Myrvoll, E. R. 2011. Excavation of Iron Age sites. In Olsen B., Urbanczyk P. & Amundsen, C. 3 (eds.) Hybrid spaces: medieval Finnmark and the archaeology of multi-room houses. Pp 83- 92.Oslo – Novus Press. Myrvoll E. R. 2010: Kulturminner i Askeladden og kategorienes vold. Viking, Bind LXXIII:81- 4 102. Myrvoll E. R. & A. E. Thuestad. 2009. Før og etter. Overvåking av tilrettelagte kulturminner. 4 NIKU Rapport 26. Oslo. Myrvoll E. R. 2008. Samiske helligsteder. Tradisjon – registrering -Forvaltning (Sámi acred sites.Tradition – survey – management). NIKU Rapport 24. (50 pages). Oslo. Myrvoll, E. R. 2006. Kulturmiljøer fra jernalder og tidlig historisk tid i Nord-Troms og 3 Finnmark. In Egenberg, I. M., Skar, B. & G. Swendsen (eds.). Kultur – minner og miljøer. Strategisk instituttprogram 2001-2005. NIKU Tema 18 (pp 221-234). Oslo. Myrvoll, M., A. Thuestad, E. R. Myrvoll, I. M. Holm-Olsen (In Press 2012). Unpredictable 3, 4 Consequences of Sámi Self-Determination - Rethinking the Legal Protection of Sámi Cultural Heritage in Norway. Arctic Review on Law and Politics 2012. Myrvoll, M., 2011. Death is a different reality (Døden er den andre verden). Article in Religion 3 og livssyn (Journal). Myrvoll, M. 2011. Måsske – home and research field (Måsske – hjemsted og forskningsfelt). 3 Article in Bårjås (Journal). Myrvoll, M. 2011. Learning the political power play of survival. Chapter in Minnerup and 3 Solberg (ed.) First World, First Nations. Internal Colonialism and Indigenous Self- determination in Northern Europe and Australia. Sussex Academic Press. Myrvoll, M. 2011. Continuity and change in Sámi reality conceptions (“Bare gudsordet duger” 3 Om kontinuitet og brudd i samisk virkelighetsforståelse.) PhD-dissertation in social anthropology, UiT Myrvoll, M., E. Eythorsson, A. Thuestad, B. Bjerkli, B. Evjen, E. T. Dahlsbø, R. B. M. Eira, & 3 Ø. Ravna. 2011. Part 3 Sørøya. Expert report for the Finnmark Commission (Felt 3 Sørøya. Sakkyndig utredning for Finnmarkskommisjonen). NIKU Report 241/2011. Myrvoll, M., 2010 Future establishment of World Heritage centra in Norway (Etablering av 3 sentre for verdensarven). NIKU Report 37. Myrvoll, M., 2010 The Shaman in the Sacred Mountain. (Noaiden i Bassevarre – Sjamanen i 3

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helligtind.) Article in Årbok for Tjeldsund. Myrvoll, M., 2009. The Shaman in the Sacred Mountain. (Noajdde Basseváren/Nåjden i 3 Bassevárre.) In Bårjås (Journal). Myrvoll, M. 2008. Conceptions and practice connected to death. In B. Evjen og L.-I. Hansen 3 (eds.) ”Nordlands kulturelle mangfold. Etniske relasjoner i historisk perspektiv”. Pax forlag

Myrvoll, M.,2008. While talking about angels: Guardian angels (Mens vi snakker om engler: Å 3 ha englevakt.) Kvinnforsk Research Marathon, UiT, Tromsø. Myrvoll, M. 2004, Finland. Chapter in the report ”Family-Based reindeer Herding and Hunting Economics, and the Status and Management of Wild Reindeer/Caribou Populations.” Ulvevadet, B. og Klokov, K. (red) UiT. Olsen, B., J. E.Henriksen, J. & E. R. Myrvoll,2011. The multi room house sites: surveys and test 3, 4 excavations. In Olsen B., Urbanczyk P., & Amundsen, C. (eds.) Hybrid spaces: medieval Finnmark and the archaeology of multi-room houses. Serie B skrifter C XXXIX:pp 49-89. Oslo – Novus Press. Tombre, I.M., Madsen. J., Tømmervik, H., Haugen, K.-P. & Eythórsson, E. 2005. Influence of 4 organised scaring on distribution and habitat choice of geese on pastures in Northern Norway Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 111(2005) 311-320. Tombre, Ingunn, Jesper Madsen, Einar Eythorsson, Siri Ulfsdatter Søreng, Hans Tømmervik 4 and Amund Kristiansen. 2009. Jakt på kortnebbgås i Nord-Trøndelag 2008. En evaluering og forslag til fremtidig forvaltningspraksis. NINA report 431.

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Institution CV for: Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (Bioforsk), Arctic Agriculture and Land Use Division, Tromsø

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence H. Jensen Reseacher WP2,4 Freshwater ecology, adaptive management M. Jørgensen Researcher WP1,2,3 Plant physiology J. Mølmann Researcher WP1,2 Plant physiology, climatic effects, secondary metabolites S. Dalmansdottir PhD-student, WP2, 3 Plant physiology, E. Uleberg Researcher WP3 Genetics, animal science, agriculture C. Uhlig Researcher WP1 Plant ecology, soil science, plant – soil interactions I Martinussen Researcher WP6 Plant physiology, climatic effects, molecular biology, metabolomics

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP VarClim Bioforsk, UMB, Graminor, M. Jørgensen (researcher, 1, 2 «Understanding the genetic Agricultural University of leader of WP, local advisor and physiological basis for Krkow, Poland/ 2010- PhD-student) adaption of Norwegian 2013/RC S. Dalmannsdottir (PhD- perennial forage crops to student) future climates” (2010-2013)

Climate Change RCN/2009-2012 Eivind Uleberg (researcher) 3 Vulnerability and Adaptive Sigridur Dalmannsdottir Capacity in the Agricultural (researcher) Sector in Northern Norway

«Quality goat milk for Bioforsk, UMB, INRA i M. Jørgensen (Researcher) cheese production Frankrike og University of J. Mølmann (Researcher Catania i Italia (2008-2012)..

Arktisk lammekjøtt Fondet for forskningsavgift 1 på landbruksprodukter, Forskningsmidlene over jordbruksavtalen/ 2006-2010 COAT Planning stage – long term Inger Martinussen 5 Dwarf shrub module duration (researcher)

RCN: Research Council of Norway

3. Graduate level education Not relevant

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4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Paper/Chapter WP Jørgensen M, Østrem L, Höglind M. 2010. De-hardening in contrasting cultivars of timothy 1,2 and perennial ryegrass during winter and spring. Grass and Forage Science 65: 38-48. Höglind, M Bakken, A. K., Jørgensen, M., Østrem, L.2010. Tolerance to frost and ice 1,2 encasement in cultivars of timothy and perennial ryegrass during winter. Grass and Forage Science 65(1): 431-445 Kvalvik, I., Dalmannsdottir, S., Dannevig, H., Hovelsrud, G., Rønning, L. and Uleberg, E. 3 2011. Climate change vulnerability and adaptive capacity in the agricultural sector in Northern Norway. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Science, 61(Supplement 1):27-37. 2,5 Martinussen, I., Volodin V., Volodina, S. & E. Uleberg. 2011. Effect of climate on plant growth and level of adaptogenic compounds in maral root (Leuzea charthamoides DS), crowned saw-wort (Serratula coronata) and roseroot (Rhodiola rosea).- European J. 2, 5 Plant Sci Biotech. 5(1):72-77 McDougall, G. J., Martinussen, I., Junttila, O., Verrall, S. & D. Stewart. 2011. Assesing the influence of genotype and temperature on polyphenol composition in cloudberry 1 (Rubus chamaemorus L.) using a novel mass spectrometric method. – J Agric Food Chem. 59:10860-68 Martinussen, I., E. Uleberg, G. J. McDougall, D. Stewart, O. Junttila. 2010. Development and quality of cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) as affected by female parent, male 2,5 parent and temperature. –Journal of Berry Research1:91-101 Nestby, R., Percival, D., Martinussen, I., Opstad, N. & J. Roholoff. 2011. The European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and the potential for cultivation. A review. – 5 European J. Plant Sci. Biotech. 5(1):5-16 Björkman, M., Klingen, I., Birch, A.N., Bones, A., Bruce, T., Johansen, T.J., Meadow, R., 2 Mølmann, J., Smart, L., Stewart, D. 2011. Phytochemicals of Brassicaceae in plant protection and human health – Influences of climate, environment and agronomic practice. Phytochemistry 72: 538-586 Lind, V., Berg, J., Eik, L.O., Eilertsen, S.M., Mølmann, J., Hersleth, M., Afseth, N.K., 1 Haugland, E. 2009. Effects of concentrate or rye-grass-based diets (Lolium multiflorum) on the meat quality of lambs grazing on semi-natural pastures. Acta agriculturae Scandinavica section A- Animal Science 59: 230-230 Lind, V., Berg, J., Eik, L.O., Mølmann, J., Haugland, E., Jørgensen, M., Hersleth, M. 2009. 1 Meat quality of lamb: Pre-slaughter fattening on cultivated or mountain range pastures. Meat Science 83: 706-712 Mølmann, J., Junttila, O., Johnsen, Ø., Olsen, J., 2006. Light quality requirements in 2 latitudinal populations of Norway spruce”. Acta Horticulturae 711: 385-389 Mølmann, J.A., Junttila, O., Johnsen, Ø. and Olsen J.E. 2006. Effects of red, far-red and 2 blue light in maintaining growth in latitudinal populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Plant, Cell & Environment 29: 166-172 Mølmann, J.A., Asante, D.K.A., Jensen, J.B., Krane, M.N., Ernstsen, A., Junttila, O. and 2 Olsen, J.E. 2005. Low night temperature and inhibition of gibberellin biosynthesis override phytochrome action and induce budset and cold acclimation, but not dormancy in PHYA overexpressors and wild type of hybrid aspen. Plant, Cell & Environment 28: 1579-1588 2 Johnsen, Ø., Fossdal, C.G., Nagy, N., Mølmann, J. Dæhlen, O.G. and Skrøppa, T. 2005. “Climatic adaptation in Picea abies progenies is affected by the temperature during zygotic embryogenesis and seed maturation”, Plant, Cell and Environment, 28: 1090- 2 1102 Mølmann, J.A., Berhanu, A.T., Stormo, S.K., Ernstsen, A., Junttila, O. and Olsen, J.E. 2003. Metabolism of gibberellin A19 is under photoperiodic control in Populus, Salix

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and Betula, but not in daylength-insensitive Populus overexpressing phytochrome A. 2 Physiologia Plantarum 119: 278-286 Olsen, J.E., Jensen, J.B., Mølmann, J., Ernstsen, A. and Junttila, O. 2004. “Photoperiodic regulation of apical growth cessation in northern tree species: the role of phytochrome and gibberellin”, Journal of Crop Improvement, 10: 77-11 Jensen, H., Kahilainen, K., Amundsen, P.-A., Gjelland, K.Ø., Tuomaala, A., Malinen, T. 2,4 & Bøhn, T. 2008. Predation by brown trout (Salmo trutta) along a diversifying prey community gradient. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 65: 1831- 1841. Jensen, H., Amundsen, P.-A., Elliott, J. M., Bøhn, T. & Aspholm, P. 2006. Prey 2,4 consumption rates and growth of piscivorous brown trout in a subarctic watercourse. Journal of Fish Biology 68: 638-648

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Institution CV for: Freshwater Ecology Research Unit, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø,

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence P.-A. Amundsen Researcher WP2,4,5 Freshwater ecosystems, population and community ecology, trophic interactions, invasive species, adaptive monitoring R. Knudsen Researcher WP2,4,5 Freshwater ecosystems, evoloutionary ecology, ecological parasitology, population and community ecology, monitoring R. Kristoffersen Researcher WP2,4,5 Freshwater ecosystems, ecological parasitology, adaptive monitoring and management K. Ø. Gjelland Researcher WP2,4,5 Freshwater ecosystems, ecological interactions, invasive species, hydroacoustics, telemetry, individual based modeling. R. Primicerio Researcher WP2,4,5 Ecological statistics, mathematical models, freshwater ecology A. Rikardsen Researcher WP5 Fish migrations, telemetry A. Siwertsson PhD student WP2,5 Freshwater ecosystems, trophic ecology, polymorphism S. Bhat PhD student WP5 Fish genetics

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Incipient speciation through RCN – FRIBIOMED P.-A. Amundsen (PI) 4,5 ecological divergence in 2008-2012 R. Knudsen (Co-PI) subarctic whitefish NOK 3.0 mill A. Siwertsson (PhD- populations student) S. Bhat (PhD-student)

Long-term effects of a RCN – MILJØ2015 P.-A. Amundsen (PI) 2,4,5 biological invasion 2008-2012 R. Knudsen (Co-PI) NOK 4.5 mill K.Ø. Gjelland (Researcher) A. Siwertsson (PhD- student) S. Bhat (PhD-student)

RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs Bio-3505 10 Impacts of different biomanipulations on keystone Ecological interactions species and interactions (WP1, 2, 5) Management of subarctic and arctic fish species (WP4, 5) Bio-3518 5 Temperature regime in freshwater lakes and rivers and its Limnology impact upon physical-chemical processes (WP2, 5) Bio-3519 10 Introduction to climate effects upon transmission rates of Parasitology and epidemiology infective agents (WP2) Bio-8506/3525 10 Climate effects upon maintenance and development of Evolution and ecologically species diversity (WP2, 4) driven speciation

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Paper/Chapter WP Bøhn, T. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2001. The competitive edge of an invading specialist. Ecology 82, 2,4, 2150-2163. 5 Amundsen, P.-A., Kristoffersen, R., Knudsen, R., & Klemetsen, A. 2002. Long-term effects of 2,4, a stock depletion programme: the rise and fall of a rehabilitated whitefish population. 5 Advances in Limnology 57, 577-588. Klemetsen, A., Amundsen, P.-A. Grotnes, P.-E., Knudsen, R., Kristoffersen, R. & Svenning, 2,4, M.-A. 2002. Takvatn through 20 years: Long-term effects of an experimental mass removal 5 of Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus from a subarctic lake. Env. Biol. Fish.64, 39-47. Knudsen, R., Amundsen, P.-A. & Klemetsen, A. 2002. Parasite-induced host mortality: indirect 4 evidence from a long-term study. Env. Biol. Fish. 64, 257-265. Amundsen, P.-A., Knudsen, R., Kuris, A.M. & Kristoffersen, R. 2003. Seasonal and 2,4 ontogenetic dynamics in trophic transmission of parasites. Oikos 102, 285-293. Klemetsen, A., Staldvik, F.J., Knudsen, R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2003. Habitat, diet and food 2 assimilation of Arctic charr under the winter ice in two subarctic lakes. J. Fish Biol. 62, 1082- 1098. Mousavi, S.K., Primicerio, R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2003. Diversity and structure of 2,4 Chironomidae (Diptera) communities along a gradient of heavy metal contamination in a subarctic watercourse. Sci. Tot. Env. 307, 93-110. Bøhn, T., Sandlund, O.T., Amundsen, P.-A. & Primicerio, R. 2004. Rapidly changing life 4,5 history during invasion. Oikos 106, 138-150. Gjelland, K.Ø., Bøhn, T., Knudsen, F.R & Amundsen, P.-A. 2004: Influence of light on the 2 swimming speed of coregonids in subarctic lakes. Annales Zoologici Fennici 41, s. 137-146. Jensen, H., Amundsen, P.-A., Elliott, J.M., Bøhn, T., & Aspholm, P.E. 2006. Prey consumption 4,5 rates and growth of piscivorous brown trout in a subarctic watercourse. J. Fish Biol. 68, 838- 848. Amundsen, P.-A., Knudsen, R. & Klemetsen, A. 2007. Intraspecific competition and density 2,4, dependence of food consumption and growth in Arctic charr. J. Anim. Ecol. 76, 149-158. 5 Gjelland, K.Ø., Bøhn, T. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2007. Is coexistence mediated by microhabitat 4,5 segregation? - an in-depth exploration of a fish invasion. Journal of Fish Biology, 71 (Supplement D).

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Persson, L., Amundsen, P.-A., De Roos, A.M., Klemetsen, A., Knudsen, R. & Primicerio, R. 2,4, 2007. Culling prey promotes predator recovery – alternative states in a whole-lake 5 experiment. Science 316, 1743-1746. Salonen, E., Amundsen, P.-A. & Bøhn, T. 2007. Invasion, boom and bust by vendace (Coregonus 4,5 albula) in the subarctic Lake Inari, Finland and the Pasvik watercourse, Norway. Advances in Limnology 60, 331-342. Primicerio, R., Rossetti, G., Amundsen, P.-A. & Klemetsen, A. 2007. Impact of climate change 2,4, on Alpine and Arctic lakes: effects on phenology and community dynamics. In: Arctic Alpine 5 Ecosystems and People in a Changing Environment (J.B. Ørbæk et al., eds.). Springer Verlag, Berlin, 51-70. Amundsen, P.-A., Knudsen, R. & Klemetsen, A. 2008. Seasonal and ontogenetic variations in 2 resource use by two sympatric Arctic charr morphs. Env. Biol. Fish. 83, 45-55. Bøhn, T., Amundsen, P.-A. & Sparrow, A. 2008. Competitive exclusion after invasion? Biol. 4,5 Invasions 10, 359-368. Jensen, H., Kahilainen, K.K., Amundsen, P.-A., Gjelland, K.Ø., Tuomaala, A., Malinen, T. & 4,5 Bøhn, T. 2008. Predation by brown trout (Salmo trutta) along a diversifying prey community gradient. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 65, 1831-1841. Knudsen, R., Amundsen, P.-A., Nilsen, R., Kristoffersen, R. & Klemetsen, A. 2008. Food 2,4, borne parasites as indicators of trophic segregation between Arctic charr and brown trout. 5 Env. Biol. Fish. 83, 107-116. Amundsen, P.-A. & Knudsen, R. 2009. Winter ecology of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) and 2 brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a subarctic lake. Aquat. Ecol 43, 765-775. Amundsen, P.-A., Lafferty, K.D., Knudsen, R., Primicerio, R., Klemetsen, A. & Kuris, A.M. 2,5 2009. Food web topology and parasites in a subarctic lake. J. Anim. Ecol. 78, 563-572. Amundsen, P.-A., Siwertsson, A., Primicerio, R. & Bøhn, T. 2009. Long-term responses of 5 zooplankton to invasion by a planktivorous fish in a subarctic watercourse. Freshwater Biology 54, 24-34. Gjelland, K.Ø., Bøhn, T., Horne, J.K., Jensvoll, I., Knudsen F.R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2009. 2,5 Planktivore vertical migration and shoaling under a subarctic light regime. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66, 525-539. Siikavuoppio, S.I., Knudsen, R., Winger, A.C. & Kristoffersen, R. 2009. Is the winter period a 2 severe bottleneck of anadromous riverine Arctic charr parr? Ecol. Freshw. Fish 18: 126-131. Siikavuopio. S.I., Knudsen, R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2010. Growth and mortality of Arctic charr 2 and European whitefish reared at low temperatures. Hydrobiologia 650, 255-263. Siwertsson, A., Knudsen, R., Kahilainen, K.K., Præbel, K., Primicerio, R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2,4 2010. Sympatric diversification influenced by ecological opportunity and historical contingency in a young species lineage of whitefish. Evol. Ecol. Res. 12, 929-947. Amundsen, P.-A., Kashulin, N.A., Terentjev, P. Gjelland, K.Ø., Koroleva, I.M., Dauvalter, 5 V.A., Sandimirov, S. Kashulin, A. & Knudsen, R. 2011. Heavy metal contents in whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) along a pollution gradient in a subarctic watercourse. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 182, 301-316. Eloranta, A.P., Siwertsson, A., Knudsen, R. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2011. Dietary plasticity of 2,4 Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) facilitates coexistence with competitive superior whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus). Ecol. Fresw. Fish 20, 558-568. Knudsen, R., Siwertsson, A., Adams, C.E., Garduño-Paz, M., Newton, J. & Amundsen, P.-A. 2 2011. Temporal stability of niche use exposes sympatric Arctic charr to alternative selection pressures. Evol. Ecol. 25, 589-604.

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Institution CV for: University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) Department of Arctic Biology.

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence P.B. Eidesen Researcher Molecular ecology, phylogeography, arctic botany S.J. Coulson Researcher Ecology of Arctic invertebrates, dispersal and colonization processes, community assembly, winter ecology. Sunil Mundra PhD student Microbiology, root associated microorganisms, plant- fungi interactions

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP AVIFauna RCN – NorRuss S.J. Coulson (PI) 2, 5 Avian vectors of invertebrate 2011-2013 faunas. NOK 3.4 mill

Predicting effects of climate RCN – NORKLIMA S.J. Coulson (PI) 1, 2, change on Svalbard reindeer 2012-2014 5 population dynamics: a NOK 10.8 mill mechanistic approach.

Svalbards Tovinger Artsdatabanken S.J.Coulson 2, 5 2012- 2014 (researcher) NOK 2.9 mill

Assessing the threat of alien Svalbard Environmental Fund S.J. Coulson (PI) 5 species in Svalbard 2011-2013 NOK 650k

PEA-Puccinellia in the RCN-NorRuss and other P.B. Eidesen (PI) 1 European Arctic- Who is sources who, who is where, and 340k and 201k why? 2010-2012

Svalbards sopper: a survey Svalbard Environmental fund P.B. Eidesen (PI) 1 of mushrooms in Svalbard 300k 2009-2012 RCN: Research Council of Norway

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3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs AB:3022 / 8022 Flux on energy 10 Energy / nutrient flux. Connections across the land- from sea to land marine boundary. Importance of the marine environment and productivity for some Arctic terrestrial ecosystems (WP 2, 5) AB:3026 / 8026 Arctic Plant 10 Arctic plant evolution, ecology and physiology. Focus on Ecology / how vegetation is shaped by abiotic and biotic factors, such as herbivory and climatic differences. (WP 1, 2, 5) AB:3027 / 8037 Arctic 10 Energy flux through the terrestrial system. Micro- Microbiology organisms in nutrient cycling in tundra regions (WP 2, 5) AB:3029 / 8029 Arctic Winter 10 Winter survival, adaptations, the impact of the physical Ecology environment on ecosystems and living organisms, and their expressed anatomical and physiological characteristics. Consequences of climate change for arctic ecosystems and organisms. (WP 2, 5) AB:303X / 803X Flux of 10 Energy flux through the terrestrial system. Components energy in terrestrial Arctic involved in nutrient cycling (WP 2, 4, 5) ecosystems (new course planned for 2013)

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship (Authors in bold face are flagship members at UNIS).

Paper WP Alsos IG, Ehrich D, Thuiller W, Eidesen PB, Tribsch A, Schönswetter P, Lagaye C, Taberlet P, 1 Brochmann C (accepted) Genetic consequences of climate change for northern plants. Proc Royal Soc B Buizer B, Rozema J, Weijers S, van Bodegom PM, Alsos IG, Eidesen PB, van Rijckevorsel J & 1 van Breda, J. (submitted) Ecological responses of Empetrum nigrum L. subspecies to experimental warming with Open Top Chambers at the northern (high arctic) and southern (Atlantic) geographic range margin. Weijers S, Eidesen PB, Alsos IG, Loonen MJJE., Broekman R, & Rozema J (submitted) No 1 divergence in Cassiope tetragona (L.) D. Don: persistence of growth response along a latitudinal temperature gradient and under long-term experimental warming Ávila-Jiménez, M.L. & Coulson, S.J. (2011) A Holarctic biogeographical analysis of the 2, 5 Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) unravels recent post-glacial colonization patterns. Insects 2; 273-296 Gwiazdowicz D.G. & Coulson S.J. (2011) High Arctic gamasid mites (Acari, Mesostigmata); 2, 5 community composition on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Research 30; 1-7. Ávila-Jiménez M.L & Coulson S.J. (2011) Can snow depth predict the distribution of the high 2, 5 Arctic aphid Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Spitsbergen? BMC Ecology 11:25 Ávila-Jiménez M.L., Gwiazdowicz D.G. & Coulson S.J. (2011) On the gamasid (Acari: 2, 5 Parasitiformes) mite fauna of Svalbard: a revised checklist of a high Arctic archipelago. Zootaxa 3091; 33–41. Coulson S.J., Ávila-Jiménez M.L., Fjellberg A., Snazell R., & Gwiazdowicz D.J. (2011) On the 2, 5 Collembola, Araneae and Gamasida from the Kinnvika region of Nordaustlandet, Svalbard. Geografiska Annaler 93 (4); 253-257.

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Gwiazdowicz D.G., Teodorowicz E. & Coulson S.J. (2011) Redescription of Zercon 2, 5 solenites Haarløv, 1942 (Acari, Zerconidae) with a key to the Svalbard species of the genus Zercon. International Journal of Acarology. Ávila-Jiménez, M. L., Coulson S.J , Solhøy T. & Sjöblom A. (2010) Overwintering of Arctic 2, 5 arthropods; the case of the invertebrate fauna of Svalbard now and in the future. Polar Research 29;127-137. Gwiazdowicz & S.J. Coulson. (2010) Phoresis of the duetonymphs of Thinoseius spinosus 2, 5 (Acari, Eviphididae) on the calliphorid dipteran Protophormia terraenovae on the High Arctic island of Spitsbergen (Svalbard) including a key to deutonymphs of Thinoseius. International Journal of Acarology 36;233-236. Coulson S.J. (2009) Association of the soil mite Diapterobates notatus (Acari, Oribatidae) with 2, 5 Cynomya mortuorum (Linnaeus, 1761) (Calliphoridae, Calliphorinae): implications for the dispersal of oribatid mites. International Journal of Acarology 35;175-177 Gwiazdowicz, D.J., Coulson S.J. & Ávila-Jiménez M.L. (2009) First records of Zercon andrei 2, 5 Sellnick, 1958 and Zerconopsis muestairi (Schweizer, 1949) (Acari, Mesostigmata) from Bjørnøya. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 56, 117–119 Coulson S.J., Monson F., Moe B. & Gabrielsen G.W. (2009) The invertebrate fauna of High 2, 5 Arctic seabird nests: the microarthropod community inhabiting nests on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Biology 32;1041-1046. Coulson, S.J., Lorentzen, E., Strøm, H. Gabrielsen G.W. (2009) The parasitic tick Ixodes uriae 2, 5 (Acari: Ixodidae) on seabirds from Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Polar Research. 28;399-402 Westergaard KB, Alsos IA, Ehrich D, Eidesen PB, Hollingsworth PM, Brochmann C, Genetic 1 diversity and distinctiveness in Scottish arctic and alpine plants 2008 Plant Ecology and Diversity, 1, 329-338. Coulson, S.J. 2007 The terrestrial and freshwater invertebrate fauna of the High Arctic 2, 5 archipelago of Svalbard. Zootaxa 1448; 41-58. White, D.M., Hodkinson I.D., Seelen S.J. & Coulson S.J. 2007. Characterization of soil carbon 2, 5 from a Svalbard glacier-retreat chronosequence using Pyrolysis-GC/MS analysis. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 78; 70-75. Eidesen PB, Alsos IG, Suda J, Popp M, Stensrud Ø, Brochmann C 2007, Nuclear versus plastid 2, 5 data: complex Pleistocene history of a circumpolar key species. Molecular Ecology, 16, 3902–3925 Alsos IG, Eidesen PB, Ehrich D, Skrede I, Westergaard K, Jacobsen GH, Landvik JY, Taberlet P, 2, 5 Brochmann C 2007, Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing Arctic. Science, 316, 1606-1609 Eidesen PB, Carlsen T, Molau U, Brochmann C. Repeatedly out of Beringia: Cassiope tetragona 1 embraces the Arctic. Journal of Biogeography 2007, 34, 1559–1574 Skrede I, Eidesen PB, Piñeiro Portela R, Brochmann C 2006. Refugia, differentiation 1 and postglacial migration in arctic alpine Eurasia , exemplified by the mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.). Molecular Ecology 15, 1827-1840. Coulson, S.J. & Refseth, D. (2004) The terrestrial and freshwater invertebrate fauna of Svalbard 1 (and Jan Mayen), pp57-122 in A catalogue of the terrestrial and marine animals of Svalbard (eds. Prestrud, P. Strøm H. & Goldman H.). Skrifter 201. Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø. Cooper, E.J., Alsos, I.G., Hagen, D., Smith, F.M., Coulson, S.J. & Hodkinson, I.D. (2004) Plant 1, 2, recruitment in the Arctic: Seedbank and seeding emergence on Svalbard. Journal of 5 Vegetation Science 15; 115-124. Glasser, N.F., Coulson, S.J., Hodkinson, I.D. & Webb, N.R. (2004) Photographic evidence of the 2, 5 return period of a Svalbard surge-type glacier: Pedersenbreen, Kongsfjord. Journal of Glaciology. 50(169); 307-308. Hodkinson, I.D., Coulson, S. J. & Webb, N.R. (2004) Invertebrate community assembly along 2, 5 proglacial chronosequences in the high Arctic. Journal of Animal Ecology 73; 556-568 Hodkinson I.D. & Coulson S.J. (2004) Are high Arctic terrestrial food webs really that simple? - 2, 5 Bear Island revisited. Oikos 106; 427-431

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Hodkinson, I.D., Bird, J.M. Cooper, E.J. & Coulson, S.J. (2004) The sexual morphs of the 2, 5 endemic Svalbard aphid Acyrthosiphon calvulus (Ossiannilsson), with notes on species biology. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 51; 131-135 Ims R.A., Leinaas, H.P. & Coulson, S.J. (2004) Spatial and temporal variation in patch 2, 5 occupancy and population density in a model system of an arctic species assemblage of Collembola. Oikos 105; 89-100. Hodkinson, I.D., Neerup Buhl, P., Coulson, S.J. & Webb N.R. (2004) First record of 2, 5 Dendrocerus bifoveatus (Kieffer, 1907)(Hymenoptera: Ceraphronoidea) from Svalbard. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50; 105-106. Hodkinson, I.D., Coulson, S. J. & Webb, N.R. (2003) Community assembly on proglacial 2, 5 chronosequences in the high Arctic: vegetation and soil development in north west Svalbard. Journal of Ecology 91; 651-653 Coulson, S.J., Hodkinson, I.D. Webb, N.R. & Convey, P. (2003) A high Arctic population of 2, 5 Pyla fusca (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae) on Svalbard? Polar Biology 26; 283-285. Coulson, S.J., Hodkinson, I.D. & Webb, N.R. (2003) Microscale distribution patterns in high 2, 5 Arctic soil microarthropod communities: the influence of the vegetation mosaic. Ecography 26; 801-809. Coulson, S. J., Hodkinson, I.D., & Webb, N.R. (2003) Aerial dispersal of invertebrates over a 2, 5 High Arctic glacier foreland: Midtre Lovénbreen, Svalbard. Polar Biology 26; 530-537 Coulson, S. J., Hodkinson, I.D., Jussila R. & Webb, N.R. (2003) Synodites lineiger (Thomson, 2, 5 1893) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) new to Svalbard, together with an updated list of the known ichneumonid species. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50; 55-56 Coulson, S. J., Hodkinson, I.D., Webb, N.R. & Harrison, J. A. (2002) Survival of saltwater 2, 5 immersion by terrestrial invertebrates. Implications for the colonisation of Arctic islands. Functional. Ecology 16; 353-356 Coulson, S. J., Hodkinson, I.D., Webb, N.R.. Mikkola, K., Harrison, J. A. & Pedgley, D. (2002) 2, 5 Aerial colonisation of high Arctic islands by invertebrates: the Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) as a potential indicator species. Diversity and Distributions 8; 327-334. Hodkinson I.D., Coulson S.J. & Bird J.M. (2002) Discovery of a rare alate morph of 2, 5 Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum Heikinheimo (Homoptera; Aphididae), a hitherto ‘apterous’ aphid species: description and implications for species ecology. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 49; 77-80. Hodkinson, I.D Webb, N.R. & Coulson, S. J. (2002) Primary community assembly on land: why 2, 5 are the predators and scavengers always there first? Are we missing a vital stage? Journal of Ecology 90; 569-577. Coulson, S. J., Hodkinson, I.D., Jussila, R., Webb, N.R. & Harrison, J. A. (2001) Atractodes 2, 5 pusillus Förster, 1876 and Stenomacrus groenlandicus Jussila, 1996 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), new records to Svalbard, Norway. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 48; 328 Hodkinson I.D. Coulson, S.J. Harrison J. & Webb N.R. (2001) What a wonderful web they 2, 5 weave: spiders, nutrient capture in early ecosystem development in the High Arctic - some counter intuitive ideas on community assembly. Oikos 95; 349-352

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Institution CV for:

Akvaplan-niva1og NIVA2

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence Heleen A. de Wit2 Researcher WP2, 4, 5 Ecosystem carbon sequestration, adaptive monitoring, catchment science, dispersion of pollutants Thorjørn Larssen2 Researcher WP2, 4, 5 Catchment science, dispersion of pollutants, adaptive monitoring Brit Lisa Monsen Researcher WP2, 4, 5 Adaptive monitoring, limnic chemistry, geology Skjelkvåle2 Øyvind Kaste2 Researcher WP 2, 4, 5 Limnology, catchment science, adaptive monitoring, Kari Austnes2 Researcher WP 2, 4, 5 Catchment science, adaptive monitoring, limnic chemistry Guttorm N. Christensen1 Researcher WP 2, 4, 5 Limnology, adaptive monitoring, fish ecology, contaminants Geir A. P. Dahl-Hansen1 Researcher WP 2, 4, 5 Limnology, adaptive monitoring, limnic food webs Anita Evenset1 Researcher WP 2, 4, 5 Ecosystem functioning, adaptive monitoring, transport of contaminants in foodwebs Hans Fredrik V. Braaten PhD student WP 2, 5 Dispersion of pollutants, adaptive monitoring

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP TerraC. Terrestrial C 2008-2011. NOK 6.2 mill. H.A. de Wit (PI) 2, 4, 5 sequestration potential in Norklima Norway under present and future climate Merino. Environmental 2010-2012. NOK 6 mill. T. Larssen (PI) 2 mercury in Norway: Miljø2015 H.A. de Wit (researcher) biogeochemical, microbiological and bioaccumulation processes driving increased mercury concentrations in fish Acid rain monitoring – Dalelv Annual. NOK 0.25 mill. Klif H.A. de Wit (Researcher) 2, 5 Climate monitoring 2010-2011. 2.5 mill. Ministry of H.A. de Wit (PI) 2, 5 infrastructure design in Environment Langtjern catchment. Klimaeffekter fra fjell 2011 – 2015. SIS Øyvind Kaste (PI) 2, 5 til fjord RCN: Research Council of Norway

3. Graduate level education Not rekevant

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4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WPs of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are affciated with Akvaplan-NIVA/NIVA).

Paper/Chapter WP Hessen, D.O., T. Andersen, S. Larsen, B.L. Skjelkvale, and H.A. de Wit. 2009. Nitrogen 2 deposition, catchment productivity, and climate as determinants of lake stoichiometry. Limnology and Oceanography 54:2520-2528. Futter, M.N. and De Wit, H.A. 2008. Testing seasonal and long-term controls of 2 streamwater DOC using empirical and process-based models. Science of the Total Environment 407:698-707. Larssen, T., De Wit, H.A., Wiker, M. and Halse, K. 2008. Mercury budget of a small 2 forested boreal catchment in southeast Norway. Science of the Total Environment 404 (2-3) 290-296 De Wit, H.A. and Wright, R.F. 2008. Projections of future stream water export of NO3 and 2 TOC from Norwegian headwater catchment under climate change and reduced acid deposition. Ambio, 37 (1) 55-63. De Wit, H.A., Hindar, A. and Hole, L. 2008. Winter climate affects long-term trends in 2 stream water nitrate in acid-sensitive catchments in southern Norway. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 12 (2): 393-403. De Wit, H.A., Mulder, J., Hindar, A. and Hole, L. 2007. Long term increase in dissolved 2 organic carbon in stream waters in Norway is response to reduced acid deposition. Environmental Science & Technology 41:7706-7713. Monteith, D.T., J.L. Stoddard, C.D. Evans, H.A. de Wit, M. Forsius, T. Hogasen, A. 2 Wilander, B.L. Skjelkvale, D.S. Jeffries, J. Vuorenmaa, B. Keller, J. Kopacek, and J. Vesely. 2007. Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric deposition chemistry. Nature 450:537-540. De Wit, H.A., Palosuo, T., Hylen, G. and Liski, J. 2006. A carbon budget of forest in 2 southeast Norway. Forest Ecology and Management, 225 (1-3): 15-26 Larssen, T., Cosby, B.J., Lund, E. and Wright, R.F. Modeling Future Acidification and 2, 4 Fish Populations in Norwegian Surface Waters. 2010. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:5345-5351 Aherne, J., Larssen, T., Dillon, P.J. and Cosby, B.J., 2004. Modelling the effects of climate 2, 4 events on elemental fluxes from forested catchments in Ontario, Canada. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2004. Focus 4:37-48 2, 5 Larssen, T., 2005. Model evaluation and prognoses for future acidification recovery using long term monitoring data. Environmental Science and Technology. 39:7970-7979. 2, 5 De Wit, H.A., T. Eldhuset, and J. Mulder. 2010. Dissolved Al reduces Mg uptake in Norway spruce forest: Results from a long-term field manipulation experiment in Norway. Forest Ecology and Management. In press. 2, 5 Eldhuset, T., Lange, H., and De Wit H.A. 2006. Fine root biomass, necromass and chemistry during seven years of elevated aluminium concentrations in the soil solution of a middle-aged Picea abies stand. Science of the Total Environment 369: 344-356 2, 5 Godsey, S.E., W. Aas, T.F. Clair, H.A. De Wit, I.J. Fernandez, J.S. Kahl, I.A. Malcolm, C. Neal, M. Neal, S.J. Nelson, and ea. 2010. Generality of Fractal 1/f Scaling in Catchment Tracer Time Series, and its Implications for Catchment Travel Time Distributions. Journal Of Hydrology. In press 2 L. R. Hole, H. A. de Wit, and W. Aas. 2008. Influence of summer and winter climate variability on nitrogen wet deposition in Norway. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 12 (2) 405-414 2 Stuanes, A.O., De Wit, H.A., Hole L.R., Kaste, Ø., Mulder, J., Riise, G. and Wright, R.F. 2008. Effect of climate change on flux of N and C: air-land-freshwater-marine links

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– synthesis. Ambio, 37 (1) 2-8 2 Wright, R.F., Kaste, Ø., De Wit, H.A., Tjomsland, T., Bloemerts, M., Molvær, J. and Selvik, J.R. 2008. Effect of climate change on fluxes of nitrogen from the Tovdal River basin to adjoining marine areas. Ambio 37 (1) 64-72 2 Aherne, J., Larssen, T., Cosby, B. J., & Dillon, P. J. (2006). Climate variability and forecasting surface water recovery from acidification: Modelling drought-induced sulphate release from wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 365(1-3), 186- 199. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.02.041 2 Austnes, K., & Vestgarden, L. S. (2008). Prolonged frost increases release of C and N from a montane heathland soil in southern Norway. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 40(10), 2540-2546. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.06.014 2 Austnes, K., Evans, C. D., Eliot-Laize, C., Naden, P. S., & Old, G. H. (2010). Effects of storm events on mobilisation and in-stream processing of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in a Welsh peatland catchment. Biogeochemistry, 99(1-3), 157-173. doi: 10.1007/s10533-009-9399-4 2 Austnes, K., Kaste, O., Vestgarden, L. S., & Mulder, J. (2008). Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of total organic carbon and total organic nitrogen. Ambio, 37(1), 38-47. doi: 10.1579/0044- 7447(2008)37[38:mosish]2.0.co;2 2 Dillon, P. J., Skjelkvale, B. L., Somers, K. M., & Torseth, K. (2003). Coherent responses of sulphate concentration in Norwegian lakes: relationships with sulphur deposition and climate indices. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 7(4), 596-608. 2, 5 Evenset, A., G.N. Christensen, J. Carroll, A. Zaborska, U. Berger, D. Herzke & D. Gregor 2007. Historical Trends in Persistent Organic Pollutants and Metals Recorded in Sediment from Lake Ellasjøen, Bjørnøya, Norwegian Arctic. Environmental Pollution 146: 196-205. 2, 5 Evenset, A., J. Carroll, G.N. Christensen, R. Kallenborn, D. Gregor & G.W. Gabrielsen 2007. Seabird guano is an efficient conveyor of persistent organic pollutants to arctic lake ecosystems. Environmental Science & Technology 41: 1173-1179. 2 Haaland, S., Austnes, K., Kaste, O., Mulder, J., Riise, G., Vestgarden, L. S., & Stuanes, A. O. (2008). Manipulation of precipitation in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of organic carbon and nitrogen species. Ambio, 37(1), 48-55. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[48:mopish]2.0.co;2 2 Kaste, O., & Skjelkvale, B. L. (2002). Nitrogen dynamics in runoff from two small heathland catchments representing opposite extremes with respect to climate and N deposition in Norway. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 6(3), 351-362. 2 Kaste, O., Austnes, K., Vestgarden, L. S., & Wright, R. F. (2008). Manipulation of snow in small headwater catchments at Storgama, Norway: Effects on leaching of inorganic nitrogen. Ambio, 37(1), 29-37. doi: 10.1579/0044-7447(2008)37[29:mosish]2.0.co;2 2 Larsen, J., P.G. Appleby, G.N. Christensen, T. Berg, & Ingvar Eide, (2010). Historical and geographical trends in sediment chronology from lakes and marine sites along the Norwegian coast. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 206, 237-250. 2, 4 Larssen, T., Cosby, B. J., Lund, E., & Wright, R. F. (2010). Modeling Future Acidification and Fish Populations in Norwegian Surface Waters. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(14), 5345-5351. doi: 10.1021/es100792m 2, 4 Skjelkvale, B. L., & Wright, R. F. (1998). Mountain lakes; Sensitivity to acid deposition and global climate change. Ambio, 27(4), 280-286. 2, 4 Skjelkvale, B. L., Borg, H., Hindar, A., & Wilander, A. (2007). Large scale patterns of chemical recovery in lakes in Norway and Sweden: Importance of seasalt episodes and changes in dissolved organic carbon. Applied Geochemistry, 22(6), 1174-1180. doi: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.03.040 2, 4 Skjelkvale, B. L., Stoddard, J. L., Jeffries, D. S., Torseth, K., Hogasen, T., Bowman, J., . . . Worsztynowicz, A. (2005). Regional scale evidence for improvements in surface water chemistry 1990-2001. Environmental Pollution, 137(1), 165-176. doi:

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10.1016/j.envpol.2004.12.023 2 VanGeest, G. J., D. O. Hessen, P. Spierenburg, G. A. P. Dahl-Hansen, G. Christensen, P. J. Faerovig and E. VanDonk 2007. Goose-mediated eutrophication and grazer control in arctic freshwaters. Oecologia. Oecologia (2007) 153:653–662. 2 Vestgarden, L. S., & Austnes, K. (2009). Effects of freeze-thaw on C and N release from soils below different vegetation in a montane system: a laboratory experiment. Global Change Biology, 15(4), 876-887. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01722.x 2, 4 Vestgarden, L. S., Austnes, K., & Strand, L. T. (2010). Vegetation control on DOC, DON and DIN concentrations in soil water from a montane system, southern Norway. Boreal Environment Research, 15(6), 565-578.

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Institution CV for: Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Food Hygiene and Infection Biology, Section of Arctic Veterinary Medicine (SAV Tromsø).

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence Morten Researcher WP2 Veterinary virology, zoonoses, reindeer/wildlife Tryland diseases, infection biology Kjetil Åsbakk Researcher WP2 Zoonoses and infectious agents Jacques Researcher WP2 Zoonoses (with special emphasis on brucellosis) at Godfroid the wildlife/livestock/human interface Carlos das Researcher WP2 Veterinary virology, reindeer/wildlife diseases, Neves molecular virology, animal experimentation Anett K. Researcher WP2 Cellular molecular biology, immunology Larsen

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Smittsom øyebetennelse hos Reindriftens utviklingsfond. Morten Tryland (project 2 rein – en kartlegging av 2010 (50 000), 2011 leader), Carlos das Neves årsaker, forebygging og (160 000), 2012 (210 000), (Post Doc), Torill Mørk behandling total: 420 000 NOK. (Researcher, Vet. Institute). Nordic co-operation on Nordic Council of Ministers. Morten Tryland (project 2 reindeer health: Impact of 2010 (222 000 DKK), 2011 leader), Carlos das Neves severe infectious eye disease (222 000 DKK), total (Post Doc), Torill Mørk and (Kvitøye, Calbmevikke) – 444 000 DKK. Marianne Sunde causes, prophylaxis and (Researchers, Vet. treatment. Institute), Erik Ågren (SAV Sweden), Sauli Laaaksonen (EVIRA, Finland) Rangifer Health: Scientific Nordic Council of Ministers Carlos das Neves (project 2 and educational cooperation 2010 (341 000), 2011 leader). Morten Tryland, in reindeer health (network (530 000), 2012 (462 000), Kjetil Åsbakk, Torill Mørk, project). total 1 333 000 NOK. Terje Josefsen (network partners)

3. Graduate level education

Courses and research schools ECT Themes relevant to flagship WPs Course in laboratory animal 6 WP2 experimentation - UiB Course in laboratory and field 6 WP2 animal experimentation – UiT Course in laboratory animal 6 WP2 experimentation - NVH

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4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to WP2 of the flagship. (Authors in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Carroll, D. S., G. L. Emerson, Y. Li, S. Sammons, V. Olson, M. Frace, Y. Nakazawa, C. P. Czerny, M. Tryland, J. Kolodziejek, N. Nowotny, M. Olsen-Rasmussen, M. Khristova, D. Govil, K. Karem, I. K. Damon, and H. Meyer. 2011. Chasing Jenner’s Vaccine: Revisiting Cowpox Virus Classification. PLOS One 6(8):e23086. Epub 2011 Aug 8. Das Neves, C. G., S. Roth, E. Rimstad, E. Thiry, and M. Tryland. 2010. Cervid herpesvirus 2 infection in reindeer: a review. Vet Microbiol, 143:70-80. Das Neves CG, Mørk T, Thiry J, Godfroid J., Rimstad E, Thiry E, Tryland M. 2009. Cervid herpesvirus 2 experimentally reactivated in reindeer can produce generalized viremia and abortion. Virus Res. 145(2):321-8. Das Neves CG, Mørk T, Godfroid J, Sørensen KK, Breines E, Hareide E, Thiry J, Rimstad E, Thiry E, Tryland M. 2009. Experimental infection of reindeer with Cervid herpesvirus 2. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 16: 1758-1765 Das Neves CG, Rimstad E, Tryland M. 2009. Cervid herpesvirus 2 causes respiratory and fetal infections in semidomesticated reindeer. J Clin Microbiol. 47(5):1309-13. Das Neves CG, Thiry J, Skjerve E, Yoccoz NG, Rimstad E, Thiry E, Tryland M. 2009. Alphaherpesvirus infections in semidomesticated reindeer: a cross-sectional serological study. Vet Microbiol. 18;139(3-4):262-9. Das Neves CG, Roger M, Yoccoz NG, Rimstad E, Tryland M. 2009. Evaluation of three commercial bovine ELISA kits for detection of antibodies against Alphaherpesviruses in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). Acta Vet Scand 51:9. Evans, A., Das Neves CG, Finstad, G.F., Beckmen, K.B., Skjerve, E., Nymo, I.H., Tryland M. 2011. Cervid herpesvirus 2 (CvHV2) is endemic in Alaskan caribou and reindeer. BMC Vet Research (accepted). Foster, G., J. Evans, M. Tryland, S. Holamby, I. MacArthur, E. Gordon, J. Harley, and K. Voight. 2010. Use of citrate adonitol agar as a selective medium for the isolation of Escherichia fergusonii from a captive reindeer herd. Vet Microbiol. 144(3-4):484-6. Godfroid J., Cloeckaert A., Liautard J.-P., Kohler S., Fretin D., Walravens K., Garin-Bastuji B., Letesson J.-J., 2005. From the discovery of the Malta fever's agent to the discovery of a marine mammal reservoir, brucellosis has continuously been a re-emerging zoonoses. Vet. Res., 36: 13- 25. Godfroid J., Nielsen K., Saegerman C. 2010. Diagnosis of brucellosis in livestock and wildlife. Croat Med J. 2010 Aug 15;51(4):296-305. Godfroid J., H. C. Scholz, T. Barbier, C. Nicolas, P. Wattiau, D. Fretin, A. M. Whatmore, A. Cloeckaert, J. M. Blasco, I. Moriyon, C. Saegerman, J. B. Muma, S. Al Dahouk, H. Neubauer, and J. J. Letesson. 2011. Brucellosis at the animal/ecosystem/human interface at the beginning of the 21st century. Prev Vet Med. 102:118-31. Godfroid J. 2011. Are terrestrial mammals the source for exposure of polar bear to Brucella spp. in Alaska? J Wildl Dis. 47:479-480. Kan B., C. Asen, K. Åsbakk, and T. G. Jaenson. 2010. Suspected lice eggs in the hair of a boy revealed dangerous parasite. Läkartidningen. 107(26-28):1694-7. Swedish. Klein, J. and M. Tryland. 2005. Characterisation of parapoxviruses isolated from Norwegian semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). The Virology Journal 2(1):79. Kvåle, G., L. T. Fadnes, M. Tryland, and L. Pihlstrøm. 2011. Climate change--the biggest health threat of our time. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 131(17):1670-2. Mørk, T., J. Bohlin, E. Fuglei, K. Åsbakk, and M. Tryland. 2011. Rabies in the arctic fox population in Svalbard, Norway. J Wildl Dis 47: 945-957. Nymo, I. H.,M. Tryland, and J. Godfroid. 2011. A review of Brucella infection in marine mammals, with special emphasis on Brucella pinnipedialis in hooded seal (Cystophora cristata). Veterinary Research 42(1):93. Oksanen, A., K. Åsbakk, K. W. Prestrud, J. Aars, A. Derocher, M. Tryland, Ø. Wiig, J. P.

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Dubey, C. Sonne, R. Dietz, M. Andersen, and E. W. Born. 2009. Prevalence of Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Svalbard and East Greenland. J Parasitol 95(1):89-94. Prestrud, K. W., K. Asbakk, T. Mørk, E. Fuglei, M. Tryland, and C. Su. 2008. Direct high- resolution genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in the remote arctic Svalbard archipelago reveals widespread clonal Type II lineage. Vet Parasitol. 2008 Nov 25;158(1-2):121-8. Prestrud, K. W., K. Åsbakk, E. Fuglei, T. Mørk, A. Stien, E. Ropstad, M. Tryland, G. W. Gabrielsen, C. Lydersen, K. Kovacs, M. Loonen, K. Sagerup, and A. Oksanen. 2007. Serosurvey for Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes and possible sources of infection in the high Arctic of Svalbard. Veterinary Parasitology 150: 6-12 Tryland, M., S. Kutz, and P. Curry. 2011. Wildlife Health in a Changing North: A Model for Global Environmental Change. In: Aguirre A, Ostfeld RS, Tabor GM, House C, Pearl MC (Eds), Conservation Medicine – ecological health in practice. Oxford University Press (In press). Tryland, M., M-P. Ryser-Degiorgis, M. I. Okeke, T. Mörner, and C. Hård av Segerstad. 2011. Orthopoxvirus infection in Eurasian lynx in Sweden. Emerging Infectious Diseases 17: 626- 632. Tryland, M., J. Godfroid, and P. Arneberg. 2009. Impact of climate change on infectious diseases of animals in the Norwegian Arctic. Norsk Polarinstitutt kortrapport ISBN 978-827666-252-8. Tryland M, Das Neves CG, Sunde M, Mørk T. 2009. Cervid herpesvirus 2: the primary agent in an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated reindeer J Clin Microbiol. 47(11):3707-13. Tryland, M., J. Klein, E. Nordøy, and A. S. Blix. 2005. Isolation and partial characterization of a parapoxvirus isolated from a skin lesion of a Weddell seal. Virus Research 108 (1-2): 83-87. Vikøren, T., M. Haugum, J. Schulze, J. Åkerstedt, A. Lillehaug, and M. Tryland. 2008. A severe outbreak of contagious ecthyma (orf) in a free-ranging musk ox (Ovibos moschatus) population in Norway. Veterinary Microbiology 127(1-2):10-20.

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Institution CV for: Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Northern Norway, Tromsø.

1. Personnel (Flagship leaders, PIs, Researchers, PhD-students, Outreach officers)

Name Role Competence Terje Josefsen Researcher WP2 Veterinary pathology, veterinary microbiology and veterinary parasitology. Diseases in reindeer and small ruminants.

Torill Mørk Researcher WP2 Veterinary pathology, veterinary microbiology and veterinary parasitology. Diseases in wild foxes and reindeer.

2. Current externally funded projects related to the different Flagship WPs

Project title Source/duration/funding Personnel (role) WP Arctic Fox in Finnmark: University of Tromsø, Torill Mørk, researher 2 Ecosystem constraints and department of arctic and management. marine biology (Directorate “Diseases in red foxes” for Nature Manage). 2005- 2013 NOK 450.000 Infectious Norwegian Reindeer Torill Mørk, researcher 2 keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in Development Fund (RUF) reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Scandinavia

3. Graduate level education Not relevant

4. Publications last 10 years thematically related to the WP2 of the flagship. (Authors underlined in bold face are flagship members situated in Tromsø of which at least one belong the present institution).

Aschfalk A, Josefsen TD, Steingass H, Müller W, Goethe R. Crowding and winter emergency feeding as predisposing factors for kerato-conjunctivitis in semi-domesticated reindeer in Norway. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003 Jul;110(7):295-8. Tryland M, Olsen I, Vikøren T, Handeland K, Arnemo JM, Tharaldsen J, Djønne B, Josefsen TD, Reitan LJ. Serologic survey for antibodies against Mycobacterium a vium subsp. paratuberculosis in free-ranging cervids from Norway. J Wildl Dis. 2004 Jan;40(1):32-41. Morten Tryland, Torill Mørk, Kathrine A. Ryeng, Karen K. Sørensen. Evidence of parapox-, herpes- and pestivirus infections in carcasses of semidomesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) from Finnmark, Norway. Rangifer, 2005, 25 (2):75-83. Terje D. Josefsen, Karen Kristine Sørensen, Torill Mørk, Svein D. Mathisen and Kathrine Ryeng. Fatal inanition in reindeer: Pathological findings in completely emaciated carcasses. Acta Vet Scand 2007 (49):27-

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Karen Kristine Sørensen, Torill Mørk, Olof Gudrun Sigurdardottir, Kjetil Åsbakk Bjarne Bergsjø, and Eva Fuglei. Systemic toxoplasmosis in three wild arctic foxes (Alopex lagopus) from Svalbard, Norway; one with concurrent infections of Salmonella enteritidis PT1 and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype 2b Research in Veterinary Science, 2005, 78:161-167. Johnson N, Dicker A, Mørk T, Marston DA, Fooks AR, Tryland M, Fuglei E, Müller T. Phylogenetic Comparison of Rabies Viruses from Disease Outbreaks on the Svalbard Island. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 2007; 7 (3): 457-460. Prestrud KW, Åsbakk K, Fuglei E, Mørk T, Stien A, Ropstad E, Tryland M, Gabrielsen GW, Lydersen C, Kovacs KM, Loonen MJJE, Sagerup K, Oksanen A. Serosurvey for Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes and possible sources of infection in the high Arctic Svalbard. Veterinary Parasittology, 2007(150). 6- 12. Prestrud KW, Åsbakk K, Mørk T, Fuglei E, Tryland M, Chanlei S. Direct high-resolution genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) in the remote arctic Svalbard archipelagio reveals widespread clonal Type II lineage. Vet Parasitol 2008 (158): 121-128. Tryland T, Das Neves CG, Sunde M, Mørk T. Cervid herpesvirus 2: the primary agent in an outbreak of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC) in semi-domesticated reindeer. J Clin Microbiol, 2009, sept 2: Das Neves CG, Mørk T, Thiry J, Godfroid J, Rimstad E, Thiry E, Tryland M. Cervid herpesvirus 2 experimentally reactivated in reindeer can produce generalized viremia and abortion. Virus research, 2009, aug 21 Carlos das Neves, Torill Mørk, Jacques Godfroid, Karen Sørensen, Eva Breines, Ellinor Hareide, Julien Thiry, Espen Rimstad, Etienne Thiry, Morten TrylandExperimental infection of reindeer with Cervid herpesvirus 2. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2009 Dec;16(12):1758-65. Epub 2009 Oct 21 Sagerup K, Helgason LB, Polder A, Strøm H, Josefsen TD, Skåre JU, Gabrielsen GW. Persistent organic pollutants and mercury in dead and dying glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) at Bjørnøya (Svalbard). Sci Total Environ. 2009 Nov 15;407(23):6009-16. Stien, I. Voutilainen , V. Haukisalmi, E. Fuglei, T. Mørk, N. G. Yoccoz, R. A. Ims and H. Henttonen. Intestinal parasites of the Arctic fox in relation to the abundance and distribution of intermediate hosts. Parasittology, 2009, sept 2: 1-9. Mørk Torill, Bohlin Jon, Fuglei Eva, Åsbakk Kjetil, Tryland Morten. Rabies in the arctic fox population Svalbard, Norway. Journal of wildlife diseases, 2011, 47(4): 945-957.

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