DOCSLIB.ORG

Resourcing for Inclusion in Transnational Governance: the Work of Indigenous Peoples in the Nagoya Protocol

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Resourcing for Inclusion in Transnational Governance: the Work of Indigenous Peoples in the Nagoya Protocol Resourcing for inclusion in transnational governance: the work of indigenous peoples in the Nagoya Protocol Natalia Aguilar Delgado Desautels Faculty of Management McGill University A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Advisory Committee Supervisor: Prof. Paola Perez-Aleman, Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University Member: Prof. Yuan Li, Desautels Faculty of Management, McGill University Member: Prof. Linda Rouleau, Department of Management, HEC Montreal December 2016 Abstract Existing research points to a proliferation of new global institutions that regulate, guide and monitor social interactions and activities across national territories in recent years. This phenomenon is accompanied by the efforts of non-state actors to influence these global regulations. Little is known about what the affected communities do to become active participants in global governance despite limited access to resources to engage in these processes. How do marginalized actors work for their inclusion in the process of creating a new global institution? This thesis presents a novel understanding of how vulnerable and under-resourced actors become more included in creating institutions that are consequential for them. The research context is the construction of a new global regulation in the United Nations, the Nagoya Protocol on access and benefit-sharing for bioprospecting, that is, the exploration of biodiversity for commercially valuable genetic and biochemical resources. This study focuses on the work of indigenous peoples, non- state actors historically excluded from policy-making and in a disadvantaged position for shaping this new institution that affects the access to their traditional knowledge. The research builds on a multi-event ethnography using as units of analysis the intergovernmental meetings taking place from 2011 to 2014, based on various data sources: participant observation, documentation, and interviews. The results point to the emergence of the mechanism “resourcing work”, or the recursive process through which interactions and relationships enable the creation of resources and affect the actors’ positions in different negotiation spaces where institutions are created. The mechanism includes three different types of resourcing: organizational, discursive, and material. Based on the findings, I elaborate a model for inclusion in institutional creation that captures the continuous interplay among “negotiation spaces”, “positions”, and “resourcing work” as events evolve over time. This research contributes to the transnational governance literature by illuminating the practices of non-state actors in creating resources that affect changes in positions, rules and understandings, affecting their participation and inclusion. Furthermore, it advances the literature on institutional work by demonstrating a key mechanism for increased agency in institutional creation processes, improving understanding of the antecedents of institutional work. In addition, the findings expand the literature on resourcing, by accounting for power differentials and the role of context, and developing a typology of the practices involved in creating the varied resources required for inclusive governance. Résumé La recherche existante suggère la prolifération de nouvelles formes d’institutions globales qui régulent, orientent et surveillent les interactions et les activités sociales à travers différents territoires nationaux dans les dernières années. Ce phénomène est accompagné des efforts des acteurs ‘non étatique’ pour influencer dans ces régulations globales. Par contre, on sait peu sur ce que les communautés affectées par ces régulations font pour devenir de participants actifs dans le processus de gouvernance globale, même ayant accès à des ressources limitées. Comment des acteurs marginalisés travaillent pour leur inclusion dans le processus de création de nouvelles institutions globales ? Cette thèse présente une nouvelle compréhension de comment des acteurs vulnérables et sous- ressourcés agissent pour être inclus dans la création des institutions qui auront un impact sur leur vie quotidienne. La recherche a été faite dans le contexte de la construction d’une nouvelle régulation globale dans les Nations Unies, le Protocole de Nagoya qui se base sur l’accès et le partage de bénéfices pour la ‘bioprospection’, c’est-à-dire, l’exploration de la biodiversité pour l’obtention des ressources génétiques et biochimiques qui possèdent de la valeur commerciale. L’étude se base sur le travail de peuples autochtones, des acteurs non étatiques qui ont été historiquement exclut de la définition des politiques publiques et qui sont normalement dans une position désavantagée pour influencer les nouvelles institutions qui affectent l’accès à leur connaissance traditionnel. La recherche se base sur une ethnographie de type multi évent et utilise comme unité d’analyse les réunions intergouvernementales qui ont été réalisées entre 2011 et 2014, en utilisant multiples sources de données : observation participante, documentation, et entrevues. Les résultats indiquent l’émergence du mécanisme de ‘resourcing work’, c’est- à-dire, le processus récursif à travers lequel les interactions et les relations permettent la création de ressources qui affectent les positions des acteurs dans différents espaces de négociations dans lesquels les institutions sont créées. Le mécanisme inclut trois différents types de ‘resourcing’ : organisationnelle, discursive, et matériel. Par conséquent, on a élaboré un modèle qui explique l’inclusion dans la création des institutions. Ce modèle reflète la constante interaction entre ‘des espaces de négociations’, ‘les positions’, et ‘le resourcing work’ au fur et à mesure que les événements évoluent à travers le temps. Cette recherche contribue pour la littérature en gouvernance transnationale en démontrant les practices des acteurs non étatiques dans la création de ressources qui affectent les changements de positions, de règles et de compréhensions, ce qui impacte leur participation et inclusion. En plus, l’étude contribue pour la littérature en travail institutionnel par la démonstration d’un mécanisme clé pour l’augmentation de l’agence dans le processus de création des institutions, ce qui améliore la compréhension des antécédents du travail institutionnel. Finalement, les résultats font avancer la littérature en ‘resourcing’, en considérant les différences de pouvoir et le rôle du contexte, ainsi qu’en développant une typologie des pratiques associées à la création de différents types de ressources demandés pour une gouvernance inclusive. Acknowledgements Since I began this PhD journey, I have contemplated the day I would be writing the acknowledgements for my thesis. Whose names would appear here? How would I be feeling? Well, this day has finally arrived and with it, a strong anxiety caused by the fear of being unable to express the immense gratitude I feel for all of those who have, in one way or another, contributed to the completion of this ride to the unknown that began about 6 years ago. I guess I am one of the few people who loves to read acknowledgments. In fact, for every book and dissertation I read, I always began with the acknowledgement section, due to the belief that it gives a glimpse into the life of the writer, and a sense of the vast array of people involved in producing this type of intellectual effort even when there is just a single official author. My research addresses the efforts made by marginalized actors to achieve inclusion. I was lucky enough to have found people who opened the doors that enabled me to study this very important phenomenon. Primarily, I acknowledge the generosity and enthusiasm of the group of actors I studied, the members of the International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity. Through the years, they have taught me much more than I could have learned from books. Thank you for the trust in allowing me to experience the hardships of becoming a negotiator with few resources in such a hostile environment. I also thank the Secretariat and its staff, for always having trust that the access I was given to the backstage of meetings would be used wisely. I would also like to express my profound gratitude to Professor Paola Perez- Aleman. Since our first meeting, she has been very supportive and open-minded to some non-traditional ideas I had for my research. Once again, I was fortunate to have crossed paths with her as I was able to learn so many things through her compassionate and understanding guidance. Thank you so much for the material and intellectual support provided over so many years. I extend this thanks to the McGill and the joint PhD program communities. Special thank you go to professors Yuan Li and Linda Rouleau for being members of my thesis committee. You contributed so much with our stimulating discussions and I’m really thankful for all your patience and instrumental assistance. Through the years I also had, the opportunity to make incredible and loyal friends, Hyehyeon Gong, Diego Mastroianni, Isla Milne, and Nollywe Delanon, and to cross paths with so many other colleagues with whom I had the chance to share theories, fears, joys, doubts, concerns and achievements. Thank you for helping me to find time to laugh through some challenging moments! I also thank Stella Scalia, Grace Pawelec and Suzanne Selitto for the professionalism and kindness with which they have treated me throughout
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Current State of AI Governance – an EU Perspective Section 3: Developing an AI Governance Regulatory Ecosystem Authors: Mark Dempsey, Keegan Mcbride, Joanna J
    This is a rough draft and pre print version of an upcoming chapter for an OUP publication on AI governance and public management. The Current State of AI Governance – An EU Perspective Section 3: Developing an AI Governance Regulatory Ecosystem Authors: Mark Dempsey, Keegan McBride, Joanna J. Bryson Abstract: The rapid pace of technological advancement and innovation has put governance and regulatory mechanisms to the test. There is a clear need for new and innovative regulatory mechanisms that enable governments to successfully manage the integration of such technologies into our societies and ensure that such integration occurs in a sustainable, beneficial, and just manner. Artificial Intelligence stands out as one of the most debated such innovations. What exactly is it, how should it be built, how can it be used, and how and should it be regulated? Yet, in this debate, AI is becoming widely utilized within both existing, evolving, and bespoke regulatory contexts. The present chapter explores in particular what is arguably the most successful AI regulatory approach to date, that of the European Union. We explore core definitional concepts, shared understandings, values, and approaches currently in play. We argue that due to the so-called ‘Brussels effect’, regulatory initiatives within the European Union have a much broader global impact and, therefore, warrant close inspection. Introduction The continual process of societal digitalization has led to a dynamic and almost amorphous regulatory environment. One of the key concepts currently at play within this dynamic is that of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Having a clearly defined regulatory environment for AI is necessary for developing not only shared understandings of the technology, but more urgently to ultimately enable governments to protect their and their citizens’ interests.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Theories of Global Governance: a Case Study of International Antitrust Regulation
    Columbia Law School Scholarship Archive Faculty Scholarship Faculty Publications 2003 Assessing Theories of Global Governance: A Case Study of International Antitrust Regulation Anu Bradford Columbia Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship Part of the Antitrust and Trade Regulation Commons, and the International Trade Law Commons Recommended Citation Anu Bradford, Assessing Theories of Global Governance: A Case Study of International Antitrust Regulation, STANFORD JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW VOL. 39, P. 207, 2003 (2003). Available at: https://scholarship.law.columbia.edu/faculty_scholarship/1975 This Working Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Publications at Scholarship Archive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarship Archive. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Assessing Theories of Global Governance: A Case Study of International Antitrust Regulation ANU PIILOLA* I. INTRODUCTION An effective, legitimate model of global governance must strike a delicate balance between national sovereignty and international cooperation. As such, governance on an international level is a constantly evolving discourse among multiple actors whose respective roles and influence vary across time and policy realms. The participation of multiple actors in global governance is widely recognized, but there is considerable disagreement as to the appropriate distribution of power among these participants and the optimal pattern for their interaction. We may never be able to construct an ideal global governance model. But the attempt to create such a model by examining the current needs of individual nations and the international community in key areas, such as global antitrust regulation, plays a critical role in promoting sound public policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovations in Global Governance Peace-Building, Human Rights, Internet Governance and Cybersecurity, and Climate Change
    September 2017 Innovations in Global Governance Peace-Building, Human Rights, Internet Governance and Cybersecurity, and Climate Change Deborah Avant, Susanna P. Campbell, Eileen Donahoe, Karen Florini, Miles Kahler, Mark P. Lagon, Tim Maurer, Amol Mehra, Robert C. Orr, Jason Pielemeier, and Sarah Sewall The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) is an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher dedicated to being a resource for its members, government officials, business executives, journalists, educators and students, civic and religious leaders, and other interested citizens in order to help them better understand the world and the foreign policy choices facing the United States and other countries. Founded in 1921, CFR carries out its mission by maintaining a diverse membership, with special programs to promote interest and develop expertise in the next generation of foreign policy leaders; convening meetings at its headquarters in New York and in Washington, DC, and other cities where senior government officials, members of Congress, global leaders, and promi- nent thinkers come together with CFR members to discuss and debate major international issues; sup- porting a Studies Program that fosters independent research, enabling CFR scholars to produce arti- cles, reports, and books and hold roundtables that analyze foreign policy issues and make concrete policy recommendations; publishing Foreign Affairs, the preeminent journal on international affairs and U.S. foreign policy; sponsoring Independent Task Forces that produce reports with both findings and policy prescriptions on the most important foreign policy topics; and providing up-to-date infor- mation and analysis about world events and American foreign policy on its website, CFR.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Big Audit Firms As Regulatory Intermediaries in Transnational Labor Governance
    This is a repository copy of Big audit firms as regulatory intermediaries in transnational labor governance. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/134874/ Version: Published Version Article: Fransen, L. and LeBaron, G. orcid.org/0000-0003-0083-6126 (2018) Big audit firms as regulatory intermediaries in transnational labor governance. Regulation and Governance. ISSN 1748-5983 https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.12224 © 2018 The Authors. Regulation & Governance Published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence. This licence allows you to distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as you credit the authors for the original work. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Regulation & Governance (2018) doi:10.1111/rego.12224 Big audit firms as regulatory intermediaries in transnational labor governance Luc Fransen Department of Political Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Genevieve LeBaron Department of Politics, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK Abstract Due diligence and corporate disclosure initiatives effectively expand the role of professional service firms as regulatory inter- mediaries in the governance of conditions of production in global supply chains.
    [Show full text]
  • Accounts and Implications of Transnational Governance Interactions
    ‘The challenge is who rules the world’: accounts and implications of transnational governance interactions Victoria Pagan Abstract Increased global interconnectivity has encouraged a prevalence of forums that seek to organise and facilitate action towards transnational governance. A body of work has examined such global forums and the theoretical contexts in which they operate but there is little which examines the dynamic interactions through these forums. This article explores the social, political and corporate struggles in the interactions through two global forums, the World Economic Forum (WEF) and the World Social Forum (WSF). These forums are pathways through which corporate, political and social actors struggle to negotiate transnational governance as a mechanism for corporate responsibility. The article shows the lived experiences of those interacting to set goals and agendas for corporate responsibility and offers an analysis of how the agenda of transnational governance is negotiated, who is involved and the drivers and shapers of this interaction. Keywords: corporate responsibility; global forums; global governance; multi-stakeholder interactions; transnational governance; World Economic Forum; World Social Forum. Introduction Governance is “the explicit or implicit ‘rules of the game’ that enable and constrain domains of behaviour and the ability of particular actors to set and/or enforce them, either via formal authority relations or through other forms of power” (Bair and Palpacuer, 2015: S3) and these different corporate, political and social actors negotiate to both define and create governance of corporate responsibility transnationally (Beddewela and Fairbrass, 2015). Whilst ‘transnational’ and ‘global’ are sometimes used synonymously, this article follows the distinction offered by Eberlein et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Governance and Legitimacy
    17.02.04 Transnational Governance and Legitimacy by Thomas Risse Author's Address: Center for Transatlantic Foreign and Security Policy Otto Suhr Institute of Political Science Freie Universität Berlin Ihnestr. 22 14195 Berlin Tel.: +49 (0) 30 838 55527 Fax: +49 (0) 30 838 54160 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.fu-berlin.de/atasp 1. Introduction Governance beyond the nation-state provides an excellent laboratory for probing a host of issues related to concepts of concern to political scientists, such as legitimacy, accountability, and the par- ticipatory quality of various governance arrangements.1 There is no (world) state in the international system with a legitimate monopoly over the use of force and the capacity of authoritative rule en- forcement. As a result, if we move beyond the European Union (EU) to the global system, there is no “shadow of hierarchy” available to which governance arrangements involving private actors at the domestic level can refer and can be made to work. This implies that the governance problem- atique beyond the nation-state is not only about complementing or temporarily replacing some functions of the modern nation-state in the provision of common goods. Governance beyond the nation-state is about seeking functional equivalents to nation-states in terms of providing political order and common goods in the international realm. In other words, there is no fall-back option to the nation-state, if international governance does not work. In the international system, there is ei- ther “governance without government” (Czempiel and Rosenau 1992), or there is no rule-making at all.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Governance and Democratic Legitimacy the Case of Global Health by Louise Van Schaik and Remco Van De Pas
    July 2014 Transnational Governance and Democratic Legitimacy The Case of Global Health by Louise van Schaik and Remco van de Pas 1. Introduction The democratic legitimacy of transnational arrangements for global health is contested. The traditional United Nations’ body for health, the World Health Organization (WHO), is subject to severe criticism regarding its focus, effectiveness, and independence from country specific, and private sector interests. It is confronted by budget cuts and a fundamental reorganization. Other major actors, such as the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI), Global Fund and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (hereafter The Gates), make significant contributions to international health projects,1 but they can be criticized for not being representative and accountable. The global health landscape in general has become an intransparent patchwork of organizations and interests, where objectives of public health, development, economy, security, and foreign policy dominate to various degrees, and sometimes clash. This paper discusses the principal arrangements for transnational governance in the area of global health, and analyses their democratic legitimacy using five different prisms: (1) representation; (2)accountability; (3) transparency; (4) effectiveness; and (5) deliberation. Transnational governance is a catch-all concept that includes multiple forms of institutional innovation, and often informal ways to address transnational problems and challenges.2 The concept illustrates the increased recognition that thinking and action on global issues extends beyond the traditional UN-based multilateral system of one nation, one vote. It is a recognition of states no longer being able to tackle international problems effectively (on their own). They require solutions in which relevant stakeholders, such as the private sector and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), are not only involved in deliberations, but also take up commitments and responsibilities.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Governance Interactions: a Critical Review of the Legal Literature Stepan Wood Osgoode Hall Law School of York University, [email protected]
    Osgoode Hall Law School of York University Osgoode Digital Commons Research Papers, Working Papers, Conference Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series Papers 2015 Transnational Governance Interactions: A Critical Review of the Legal Literature Stepan Wood Osgoode Hall Law School of York University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/olsrps Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Wood, Stepan, "Transnational Governance Interactions: A Critical Review of the Legal Literature" (2015). Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series. 109. http://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/olsrps/109 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Research Papers, Working Papers, Conference Papers at Osgoode Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series by an authorized administrator of Osgoode Digital Commons. Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper No. 35 Vol. 11/ Issue. 07/ (2015) Transnational Governance Interactions: A Critical Review of the Legal Literature Stepan Wood Abstract: Overlaps and interactions among diverse legal rules, actors and orders have long preoccupied legal scholars. This preoccupation has intensified in recent years as transnational efforts to regulate business have proliferated. This proliferation has led to increasingly frequent and intense interactions among transnational regulatory actors and programs. These transnational business governance interactions (TBGI) are the subject of an emerging interdisciplinary research agenda. This paper situates the TBGI research agenda in the broader field of transnational legal theory by presenting a critical review of the ways in which legal scholars have addressed the phenomenon of governance interactions. Legal scholars frequently recognize the importance of transnational governance interactions, but their accounts are tentative and incomplete for the most part.
    [Show full text]
  • Legitimacy in Multistakeholder Global Governance at ICANN
    Global Governance 27 (2021) 298–324 brill.com/gg Legitimacy in Multistakeholder Global Governance at ICANN Hortense Jongen | orcid: 0000-0002-4170-9898 Department of Political Science and Public Administration, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] Jan Aart Scholte | orcid: 0000-0001-8434-588X Institute of Political Science, and Institute of Security and Global Affairs, Leiden University, The Netherlands [email protected] Abstract This article examines levels and patterns of legitimacy beliefs toward one of today’s most developed global multistakeholder regimes, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Two complementary surveys find that levels of legitimacy perceptions toward ICANN often rank alongside, and sometimes ahead of, those for other sites of global governance, both multilateral and multistakeholder. Moreover, average legitimacy beliefs toward ICANN hold consistently across stake- holder sectors, geographical regions, and social groups. However, legitimacy beliefs decline as one moves away from the core of the regime, and many elites remain unaware of ICANN. Furthermore, many participants in Internet governance express only moderate (and sometimes low) confidence in ICANN. To this extent, the regime’s legitimacy is more fragile. Extrapolation from mixed evidence around ICANN suggests that, while multistakeholder global governance is not under existential threat, its legit- imacy remains somewhat tenuous. Keywords global governance – ICANN – legitimacy
    [Show full text]
  • E-Governance and International Relations: a Consideration of Newly Emerging Capacities in a Multi-Level World
    Roy: E-governance and International Relations E-GOVERNANCE AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A CONSIDERATION OF NEWLY EMERGING CAPACITIES IN A MULTI-LEVEL WORLD Jeffrey Roy School of Management, University of Ottawa [email protected] ABSTRACT This article explores the contours of international relations in a more digital and interdependent era. In a context driven less by hierarchical control and coercion and more by empowered networks and engagement, new systems of governance are forming or struggling to emerge, particularly globally and at the level of continents. This paper examines how power has evolved beyond and within national systems and asks how e-governance is contributing to this multi-level order, which levels are empowered, and why. Three sets of inter-related processes intertwined within e-governance’s evolution are examined within the context of commerce, security and community and by considering the influence of markets, states and civil society in shaping them. The article concludes with less then a definitive response in terms of future developments but with more of a set of grounded expectations and future research directions in order to better understand the evolution of governance in a world shaped increasingly by transnational activity and technological connectivity. Keywords: Governance, Digital or Electronic Commerce, International Relations, Democracy, Global and Continental Interdependence 1. Introduction The purpose of this article is to explore the fluid contours of international relations in a more digital and interdependent era no longer shaped by the actions and interests of nation-states. In this emerging era driven less by hierarchical control and coercion and more by empowered networks and engagement, new systems of governance are forming or struggling to emerge.
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Governance of Synthetic Biology Scientific Uncertainty, Cross-Borderness and the ‘Art’ of Governance
    BIOS working paper no: 4 The Transnational Governance of Synthetic Biology Scientific uncertainty, cross-borderness and the ‘art’ of governance Joy Y. Zhang, Claire Marris and Nikolas Rose May 2011 ISSN 1759-0620 Published by BIOS (Centre for the Study of Bioscience, Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Society) London School of Economics and Political Science Houghton Street London WC2A 2AE © Zhang, Marris and Rose, 2011 BIOS wishes to encourage access to, and circulation of, our work as widely as possible without affecting the ownership of the copyright, which remains with the copyright holder. To facilitate these objectives, this work is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (by-nc-nd) 2.0 UK: England & Wales licence. Please read and consider the full licence before making use of this work. The full licence can be viewed at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc- nd/2.0/uk/. Within the terms of this licence, you are free to copy, distribute, display and perform the work under the following conditions: • Attribution. You must give the original authors credit, in the following format: Zhang, J.Y., Marris, C. and Rose, N. (2011) “The Transnational Governance of Synthetic Biology: Scientific uncertainty, cross-borderness and the ‘art’ of governance”. BIOS Working Paper, BIOS, London School of Economics and Political Science, London. • Non-Commercial. You may not use this work for commercial purposes; • No Derivative Works. You may not alter, transform or build upon this work. In addition: • For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the licence terms of this work. • Any of these conditions can be waived if you get permission from the copyright holder.
    [Show full text]
  • Multistakeholderism Filling the Global Governance Gap?
    Multistakeholderism Filling the Global Governance Gap? Research Overview for the Global Challenges Foundation Jan Aart Scholte* School of Global Studies University of Gothenburg April 2020 * Enormous thanks to Lina Alsterlund and Aaron Mannis for executing major background research for this paper and to Moira Faul, Harris Gleckman, Nora McKeon, and Oliver Westerwinter for highly valued feedback on earlier drafts. 1 Abstract Multistakeholderism has grown in recent decades as a major alternative (and sometimes challenge) to intergovernmental multilateralism in the handling of global risks. This report examines existing and missing wanted knowledge about multistakeholder global governance. Successive sections of the report assess available and lacking research in terms of (i) general overviews of the subject; (ii) case studies of specific global multistakeholder initiatives; and (iii) theoretical analyses of this form of global regulation. The review finds that, while substantial academic and policy literature has accumulated on multistakeholder global governance over the past two decades, notable knowledge gaps exist. Lacunae that want attention include full broad syntheses, multi-case and cross-issue comparative studies, large- n and survey data, and multicultural perspectives. Regarding theory, more work is wanted to explain the evolution and consequences of multistakeholder global governance, to evaluate its distributive consequences, and to explore issues of accountability, human rights, and legitimacy. 2 Introduction: What Is Multistakeholder
    [Show full text]