EI Malcriado,@0. ." The Voice of the Farm Worker ~

VOLUME 4 #13 DELANO, CALIFORNIA JANUARY 15, 1971

FARM WORKERS MARCH on Fort Ord· in protest of Pentagon purchase of boycotted Antle lettuce

1_.__u_Fw_o_c_s_u_E_s_P_EN_T_A_s~_?_AGEN_4 _I page 2/EL MALCRIADO Treachery In this Cannery # The l2,OOO-member Cannery under federal indictment on Workers Union Local 748 of Mo­ charges of violating gun and ex­ Issue desto may go under trusteeship plosive control laws has said he p. 2 SALINAS VlnLENCE because of unorthodox techniques and the other five worked for BRINGS ANTI-CHAVEZ used by its secretary-treasurer Gonsalves in Salinas as a picket. UNION SHAKEUP Ted Gonsalves in the Salinas William Grami, representing Valley dispute between the UFWOC the Western Conference of Team­ p. 2 FIREARMS CHARGES and the Teamsters. sters headquartered in Burling­ BROUGHT AGAINST The local's executive board ac­ ame, has been in Modesto SIX MODESTO MEN cused Gonsalves of spending at for a month to investigate accu­ least $24,000 in union funds on 5ations against Gonsalves. Grami p. 4 FARM WORKERS SUE the anti-Chavez campaign without revealed that he personally or- THE BIGGEST SCAB authorization from the board or OF 1HEM ALL: THE the membership. DEFENSE DEPARTMENT If approved by the membership, SIX INDICTED trusteeship means that all local p. 5 MILITARY BASES union officers, from the janitors ANTI-CHAVEZ PICKETTED IN to the top business agents and . PROTEST OF SCAB leaders, must turn in their re­ Six Modesto men were indicted LETTUCE PURCHASES Signations. Trusteeship also on December 30th by a federal means that the local's books will grand jury in Sacramento on fire­ o. 6 CONVICT LABOR be thoroughly audited for the arms charges stemming from an OUTLAWED first time by the International alleged plot to disrupt Cesar Cha­ Teamsters Union. The Cannery vez's Salinas Valley organizing p. 6 TEXANS DENOUNCE union is an affiliate of the Team­ activities. JAILING OF CESAR sters. The defendants are accused of Gonsalves campaigned against violating the Gun Control Act of D. 7 SENATOR HARMER'S UFW OC in Salinas for the Team­ 1968, and five of the eight counts BILL THREATENS sters even though his cannery of the indictment involve the FARM WORKER UNION workers were clearly more sym­ making and selling of explosive pathetic to the Chavez cause, ac­ devices. Two are for the sale n. 7 PICKETS HIT VALLEY cording to spokesmen in Local of sawed-off rifles. The eighth STORES SELLING 748. At a union meeting last alleges a conspiracy to violate I SCAB LETTUCE month, the membership of local the Act. 748 tried to oUSt Gonsalves and The crimi'lal acts are said to p. FARM WORKERS R demand an accounting. Gonsal­ have taken place between October PROPOSE A NEW ves at the time blamed the .29th and November 3rd. CLINIC IN DELANO, The United Farm Workers Or­ FUNDS, EQUIPMENT shortage of funds on "a mixup at the bank" and said that, be­ ganizing Committee's head­ [I AND PEOPLE ARE quarters at 721 1/2 San Benito NEEDED sides, he had paid back the $24,000 anti-Chavez expenses out Street in Hollister were ripped of his own pocket. Gonsalves apart by a dynamite explosion on p. 14 WHAT'S GOING ON claimed, too, that the Teamsters November 3rd. AT THE HUELGA Assistant U.S. Attorney Bruce SCHOOL THIS had promised to repay the cost MONTH? of the Salinas adventure. One of the six Modesto men • EL"MALCRIADO/page 3 p,hotos COVER PHOTO BY CRIS SANCHEZ brings on PHOTOS PAGES 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 BY e e CRIS SANCHEZ PHOTOS PAGE 15 BY union stir GORDON WILLIAMSON

dered Gonsalves out of Salinas with three bodyguards in a black because of his behavior there. four-ton limousine once used on Gonsalves did not leave until the ..Mission Impossible" TV el September 15th. series. American flage flew from While in Salinas, Gonsalves the front fenders of the car, which "did us more harm than good,· is equipped with a bar and a mal Grami said. "His methods were television set. unorthodox." The car, purchased by Gonsal­ Grami apparently referred to ves in September, was built by criad:o what one Salinas lawman called the Lehman-Peters Co. of Chi­ IL ·w'ClIADq".... _ 01 ..... • _. II ....-. __ ., .. ~ Gonsalves' "outlandish pose" cago and originally cost $18,000, , .... WQUIU ClaGNflZlNO ... which included beingdriven around according to a former Modesto 110..-_Al't...e:lO. ·1 1$'...... 'II ..,..&.- ...... owner. The vehicle came equip­ ...... u_CIMlII... ..-.UI...... • ped with two air conditioners and -"-.,~...... , is reportedly the same model as A_.o.-.~ .. ­ ON CHARGE OF ~ 011 _. II '. II. WI OI'lADQ used by Governor Ronald Reagan. ....c...... __ ~-:.e:--.... ~eoa.-.... CONSPIRACY The Salinas lawman said he felt Gonsalves' limousine, his big @ 1971 United Farm Babcock of Sacramento told EL cigars and his. pin-striped suits Workers Organizing MALCRlADO that - for the pur­ were a pose meant to intimidate Committee AFL~CIO poses of the indictment - "the the opposing farm workers of conspiracy never got as far as UFWOC. any overt acts involving destruc­ Gonsalves lives near Hughson tion. The conspiracy was only on a guarded estate surrounded sub for transferring firearms, includ­ by acres of peach trees. He ing destructive devices••• " Bab­ is transported in the black limou­ cock added that "an undercover sine to and from the local's of­ agent who made purchiises and scribe fice in downtown Modesto. discussed things with the con­ While in Salinas, the Team­ spirators indicated the devices sters made their headquarters at were to be used to cause a little the Towne House Motel, where today trouble with Cesar Chavez' union." Gonsalves reportedly ran up a The defendants are Gene $5,000 bill. Only about $2,000 $3.50 BRINGS YOU ONE Fleming, Dale Cadwell, John of the bill has been paid. Em­ FULL YEAR OF EL Wilson, David Bean, Ronald ployes at the Towne House said MALCRIADO, THE VOICE Cocker and Floyd Jordan. Gonsalves and his group were "OF THE FARM WORKER ... Their trial is scheduled April 12. asked to leave about mid­ El Malcriado P.O Box 130 Babcock said the men amassed September because they used foul Delano~ guns, grenades and dynamite which language in the dining room of Ca 93215 they intended to use for disrup­ an adjoining restaurant. tive activities against UFWOC. Gonsalves asked Teamster The defendants list th~ir occu­ boss Grami to consider paying Name pations as truck drivers and la­ some of his expenses. Grami borer. says he told Gonsalves to submit Address the expenses, and said he would City State Zip look at them. ,4/EL...... •...... MALCRIADO UFWOC Files Suit Against No. I Scab: the Pentagon

I ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

On Wednesday, January 6, 1971 partment and Bud Antle is a vio­ "experienced a very dramatic Cesar Chavez and the United Farm lation of the First Amendment Withering away of military sales Workers filed suit against Secre­ which guarantees the right to as­ after it signed with us," says tary of Defense Melvin Laird and sociate freely and organize. By the UFWOC boycott department. Bud Antle, Inc., one of the world's preventing the right to organize In addition, the Defense De­ largest producers of lettuce. The the defendants are preventing the partment has made purchases of suit was filed in U.S. District lettuce boycott to take place. Bud Antle lettuce at prices sub­ Court for the central district of The farm workers charge that stantially higher than the prevail­ California. they have been deprived of their ing market price for lettuce of According to Jerry Cohen, at­ right to be free from illegal eco­ similiar quality. On December torney for the Union, the Defense nomic injury. 15, 1970 the Defense Personnel Department and Bud Antle Cor­ In 1970, 8.3% of the Defense Subsistence Center in Los An­ poration have violated the First department's lettuce was bought geles received 49,320 pounds of and Fifth Amendments of the U.S. lettuce at 12.3 cents per pound. Constitution, the Administration The COSt of a crate of lettuce Procedure Act, the Armed Service at this price came to a total Procurement Regulations, and of $5.54. On that very same day civil causes of action. the highest quality of wrapped The Pentagon is acting as a lettuce sold anywhere in Los An­ strikebreaker for the huge Bud geles sold at $3.50 a crate. Antle Company by sharplyincreas­ This is not the first time the ing its purchase of high-priced farm workers have come to grips scab Antle lettuce, while ignoring with the Defense Department. In lettuce available from growers 1969 when UFWOC was boycotting under UFWOC contract. table grapes the Defense Depart­ Their conduct is another ex­ ment's purchase of table grapes ample of the historic discrimina­ rose considerably. Pentagon of­ tion Chicano and Filipino farm ficials at that time denied that workers have suffered in the U­ they were taking part in an at­ nited States. The suit charges from Bud Antle. In the first tempt to break the boycott. It that the defendants are motivated quarter of this year alone 29.1% was due to "growing troop ac­ by racial hostility, and are thus of the lettuce destined for the ceptance of grapes and because depriving minorities of their armed forces was Antle lettuce. there were fewer supplies than right to equal protection of the law. At the same time purchases oJ usual of other fresh fruits." Because the United Farm lettuce from those companies Payment for damages has been Worke,s are involved in a labor which have signed contracts with asked for by UFWOC. The total dispute with Bud Antle, Inc., they UFWOC, by the government, have could run into the millions if the have charged that the alleged con­ been sharply curtailed. One of farm workers get what they've spiracy between the Defense De- those companies, InterHarvest, asked for which is $45,000 each

I •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••

) - -r-'~~_~ __~_~~~~~~~.__~,~.~ •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••EL MALCRIADO/5 for Cesar Chavez and the members pered by union jurisdictional dis­ its fr.eshness overseas and of UFWOC. putes which, in turn, hampered afloat (on naval vessels)," The Defense Department has the normal flow of lettuce ship­ The Bud Antle Corporation denied the charges. Bud Antle, ments from all the growers. But likewise denied there was a price head of the corporation cited, Antle, who says he is fully u­ hike in the lettuce crop. Antle stated: "The real trouble is nionized (by the Teamsters), was said, "we often sell to the mili­ Chavez thinks he is King of the generally able to continue opera­ tary as a favor because many Mexicans:' tions, and was often the only growers will not bid on military $750,000 was spent by the source of supply:' orders since the requirements for Pentagon on Antle lettuce in the The government then went on guaranteed deliveries are too first quarter of this year. This to say that the higher prices of rigid." Antle denied that the is $20,000 more than was spent their lettuce over the finest let­ boycott has affected sales but on Antle lettuce in ALL of last tuce available to the public con­ UFWOC said his lettuce is "not year. But the Pentagon said the sumer is caused "by the fact available on the shelves in most increase in the amount of Antle that we must buy only top cities in the Northeast, and mili­ lettuce was due to the fact that quality lettuce which must be tary sales were essential to help lettuce production has been "ham- trimmed and wrapped to prolong Antle make up for its losses due to the boycott:'

Farm Workers Picket to Protest DoD Use of Boycotted lettuce

In protest to Department of Defense strike­ Conference and head of its "Operationnn Bread­ breaking activities against UFWOC, farm workers basket" program gave his group's support to the and their supporters have begun mass picketing picketing and boycott. of military bases across the country. "Browns are exploited laborers on the farms The demonstrations began January 11 with pick­ while blacks are exploited 'consumers in the' eting at installments in California (Ft. Ord, Ala­ ghetto," Jackson stated. meda Naval Air Station, Long Beach Naval Station, At the Ft. Lewis demonstration, 30 pickets Moffett Air Force Base), Nevada (Nellis Air Force were taken into custody by MPs when 60 UFWOC Base), Maryland (Ft. Holabird), and Washington supporters tried to see the base commander about (Ft. Lewis). Peaceful picketing will be expanded buying union lettuce. They were released after to include 30 or 40 bases this week. being issued letters ofexpulsion warning them against In Los Angeles, the Rev. Jesse L. Jackson, re-entering the poSt. vice-president of the Southern Christian Leadership

NEARLY lOO PERSONS CAME THIS EX-GI, WHO LIVES THIS FT. ORD SOLDIER TOOK TO FT. ORD THIS RAINY NEAR THE BASE, WAS RE-. A STACK OF LEAFLETS BACK AFTERNOON TO PROJ;EST THE FUSED ENTRANCE INTO FT. (UNDER HIS JACKET) TO PENTAGON'S INJUSTICE TO ORD DURING THE UFWOC DE­ PASS OUT IN HIS BARRACKS. THE FARM ~10RKERS. MONSTRATION EVEN THOUGH HE CARRIES A VALID PASS . •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••¥••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6/EL MALCRIADO

O'Brian of the San Francisco Superior Court issued COU-RT BANS an injunction against the Governor and the state on April 28, 1969. The injunction prevented Rea­ gan and the Department of Corrections and Em­ GROWERS' USE ployment from violating the state constitution. The section violated states: "The labor of convicts shall not be let out OF CONVICTS by contract to any person, co-parmership, company, or corporation and the legislation shall, by law, provide for the working of convicts for the benefit of the state." Convict labor has always been a popular sub­ The state appealed, arguing that the hiring ject for Hollywood film makers. Thanks to the of convicts does not violate the law as long as California State Court of Appeals, the only instance the state does not profit from such hiring. of convict farm labor will be in the movies. But the appealate court disagreed. Judges The ban on the use of prison labor came about Norman Elkingto~, John Molinari, and Richard Sims when Thomas L. Pitts, secretary-treasurer of the Jr. stated that if convict labor was provided for California Labor Federation, AFL-CIO, filed a suit commercial activities without restraint, the state's on OCtober 5, 1967. Pitt's action was the result labor market would be greatly affected. It said of the state's refusal to use union farm workers it maked no difference that the convicts had con­ who were willing and able to help fill the alleged sented to going wages and that a labor shortage labor shortage in the harvest of grapes and figs in was anticipated, since the law provides for no Merced County in 1967. such exceptions. The court said the program was The state used convict labor to prevent the not a rehabilitation program but solely for the pur­ supposedly "disastrous crop loss" with full authori­ pose of providing convict labor to help growers zation from Governor Ronald Reagan. Up to 200 through harvest time. prisoners were moved to special centers where they were then sent out to harvest the crop. In­ stead of the convicts being paid wages for their work their pay was used to pay expenses involved in­ cluding $5 per day for room and board per man. The remainder was said to have been put in a fund to be held for them until they are released from prison. When the state made the decision they no­ tified Pitts. He then reminded them that there was a farm workers union willing to help the growers. The growers refused the offer. After entering the suit in 1967 Judge William

by order of the California Supreme Court until it can hear his appeal against the injunction on IUNJUST RULING IFebruary 4th. The Commission then went on to urge all Americans to support the farm workers' desire The Commission for Mexican-American ..for decent wages and an end to degrading working Affairs, made up of religious, labor, and business and living conditions.' Americans can best do people from the Catholic San Antonio Archdiocese, this by boycotting all stores and restaurants that condemned a California court for holding Cesar sell and serve non-union lettuce. Chavez in contempt of court. The commission from the 32-county archdio­ cese declared that "an act of injustice has been perpetrated" on Cesar Chavez by the Monterey County Superior Court. Cesar was put in jail after refusing to call off the boycott of Bud Antle lettuce. Under inde­ terminate sentence, he was freed 20 days later EL MALCRIADO/7

Conservative Harmer, who ran unsucessfully HARMER IS for state attorney general general, posed as a farm worker for a few days in the fields. On this basis he contends that most of the farm workers are not AT IT AGAIN interested in joining the United Farm Workers•. Representatives of labor unions and farm workers have tried for years to gain state or federal legislation setting up a means of worker The United Farm workers once again face representation elections. The farming industry a threat to their goal of extending to farm workers has now started to show interest also as a means the rights that are available to all other workers to prevent boycotts and strikes. across the nation. Harmer's bill contains two conditions that he The threat comes in the form of State Senator feels are necessary. One is that elections will John L. Harmer (Republican, Los Angeles County) only be held when a "reasonable number of workers who has introduced a bill to establish state-super­ wish to have one." The other string attached is vised elections for farm workers seeking collective that the State Board of Agriculture - composed bargaining on wages, hours, and working conditions. solely of growers - would be able to petition courts According to Harmer, this bill (Senate Bill 10) for a "cooling off period" when a strike is threat­ will be only one of several attempts to be con ened at harvest time. The bill would also pro­ sidered this year: hibit unfair labor practices by labor and their em­ "Out of this session will emerge some legis­ ployers. The bill, however, does not give farm lation. Whether it will be this bill or an~iher, workers the rights enjoyed by all other workers I don't know." over the entire nation.

could guarantee him the stores would not lose customers. Chavarria then told Williams he could BOYCOTT HITS guarantee a loss of sales if the stores continued to sell non-union lettuce. A preliminary injunction has been handed down VALLEY CHAIN by Judge Jensen affecting all stores. in the Wil-. liams chain. It severely limits the number of pickets per entr'ance and precludes "standing, pa­ Farm workers have posted a picket line rading, and patrolling" on parking lots and side­ around the headquarters of the Williams Brothers walks near the stores. Market in Santa Maria because the market presi­ dent has stalled serious negotiations on selling of scab lettuce. UFWOC organizers Jose Chavarria and Pab­ lino Pacheco have met with Merrill Williams, president of the lO-store chain, several times during the past three months. But when Williams stalled on setting up a final meeting on January 4th he found 40 UFWOC pickets at the head store. The picketting will eo on indefinitely at all the stores located from San Luis Obispo southward to Lompoc, until the demand that the chain replace scab lettuce with union - UFWOC - picked and shipped lettuce is honored. The chain is presently carrying lettuce marked with the Teamsters Union label from El Centro and Blythe. As' many as 250 cartons of the boy­ cotted lettuce per day are shipped into the store. Williams has told Chavarria that' he would put Union lettuce on the sales stands if UFWOC 8/EL MALCRIADO EL MALCRIADO/9 tltiiiIH "'" Htln"ttI""IIIIItIIIIJIImIm'm'IlllllllItlltllllllllllllllllllll1IIIIIftlllllll 11I1111111111111111 111111I.1I1 "11111111"""IIII'IIIII'IIIIIIO""II"IIII'""I'IIIII"lIlltHtIt'"'Ittttttl'"""""'111"1IIIII'..'""' """_ ,.' 'III..III ttll"III1II1I1II•••11I111111ft:IIIJtI 'I1I1I1'tI""lIlIltttttllllll.,II'IIHtIlIIlMtl...... -- lttmllll1"""" 1.""11111., , 111 , '.. IIil' JI_U~ Farm Workers Union Will Build a Clinic •In Delano

1- 1111111111111.."'"' '1'111111 II.tftlllllllllltltlIHtfIU IIIIIII ' """"H'I IIIH, M_'..' ' *_11 -- , 11 '11..111.111 111..111 '..111_' '.., _II", ..S__M1 I _'_"..IR..III~I""I' In January, 1966, Roger Ter­ serves as United Farm Workers ronez, a thirty-two year old farm I ,headquarters. The clinic is housed worker and union leader, was I/ in two converted house trailers, one seriously injured in an automobile a dull aluminum, the other green accident. Roger was taken to the and metal. Beyond the trailers Delano Hospital emergency room. are pig pens and cow pastures. It's Outside, his friends, fellow work­ a strange but immediate transition ers, gathered for a vigil. Suddenly I;Y~/ as one leaves a world of moos, the doctor walked out of the emer­ squeaks, and grunts and enters an­ gency room, his white smock other filled with chattering in soaked in Terronez' blood. Would I Spanish, English, Tagalog, and a tracheotomy, the standard pro­ Arabic interspersed with the crying cedure in trauma cases such as I of an infant. Roger's, be done? "His neck is too fat••• and besides•••he's going Mre than 10,000 farm workers to die anyway:' Shortly ~ere­ and their families have been pro­ after he did die without ever having vided with health care and limited the simple operation he needed to medical service in this clinic, the make a fight for his life. width of which is less than one lane of a highway. Serving these un­ Onis is just one example of the wanted (but needed for business) shocking medical treatment farm ,.. Americans is a doctor, two nurses, !" workers receive. All one has to ~ a receptionist-bookkeeper, and a do to decide whether farm workers ~ health aide. Perhaps the best,way are treated as second class Citizens ~ to get to know the feelings and by segments of the medical pro­ RODRIGO needs of the farm workers is to fession is to look at the statistics. I talk with the staff of the Rodrigo i According to the San Francisco tllttttttttl~_IIfIIIItI Terronez Memorial Clinic. Chronicle (2-23-69) the life expec­ 11I1II1.._ ..II."INII.I..""III...... ttt•••"'...... tlIMIII"lt"...... "11111111.'."...... ""111111111111101111111•• tancy for farm workers is 49 years Irene Terrazas was born in !' IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIllIlIIIIIIUlllllllllllltlllllltllllttl ' "'..um ' __' U1 II..'_ '_ m..III.II..III..II__IUIMU..' ..111 ..11_11 '1111111111, 111..111..11'..11 __ ''' , ..11 111""1111"""""""' 1'1'11'11111"11"11""' "1 as compared to seventy for the East Los Angeles and has had 24 average American, infant and ma­ i THE PROPOSED CLINIC 'ii I !Above: THE ARCHITECT'S i years experience as a community ternal mortality rates are 12591) ====_~ MUST BE EQU I PPED TO ,I: _ ~ ~ i vI SUAL I ZAT I ON OF THE I worker. She has worked with the greater than the national average, PROV I DE TOTAL OUT- I I ~ NEW RODR I GO TERRONEZ ~ ~MEMORIAL National Farm Workers Service farm workers are twice as likely PATIENT CARE INCLUDING I CLINIC WHICH; Center since its founding in 1966. ~ to contract influenza or pneumonia THE PROV ISI ON OF COM- i WILL BE CONSTRUCTED IN J She has been a health aide since ~ as the average American, the rate PLETE RAD I OLOG I CAL DELANO. 1969. EXAMINATIONS WITH ~ Left: TODAY THE CLINIC of tuberculosis and other infectious EL MALCRIADO: How did diseases is 2.6 times greater than FLUOROSCOPY. i IS HOUSED INA DREARY A CLINICAL LABORATORY !TRAILER, NEXT DOOR TO you come to be associated the national average, farm workers with the farm workers? \.JILL BE AVAILABLE FOR ~A PIG FARM. THE PRE- are the victims of three times as IRENE: I joined the Union THE MOST COMMON HE A = - ~ SENT CL INIC LACKS THE many accidents, and these people ~N~ ~ in '65. Before I be--· have the highest occupational dis­ TOLOr,y, CHEM I STRY Ii .' SPACE AND EQU f PMENT 1== longed to the Women's ease rate of any group in Califor­ BACTER I OLOG I CAL TESTS. i Ii ~ FOR TOP QUAL f TY HEALTH ~ Mexican-American League. nia (50% higher than the next group, A FULLY EQU I PPED EMER- ! ! CARE. I read about Gilbert Pa­ GEN CY ROOM WILL BE ~ L'HIIIIIH'MIM'nmIlIllIHIIIIIIIIIIII'HIIHl'IIII1IH....'MtIlIllJ construction workers). dilla in the newspapers. AVAILABLE FOR THE IM- I = First I joined the San MEDIATE TREATMENT OF I i ghese are some of the reasons Gabriel Valley friends or TRAUMA CASES, JOB RE- i _=i why the Rodrigo Terronez Memorial ~ ~ committee - I forget LATED ACC I DENTS, PES- - which - of the Farm Work­ Clinic was founded in October, 1966, ~ TIC I DE PO I SON I NGS, Ii! ~ ~ ers. We used to send up ~e ETC. I ! eggs. Then we sent meat clinic sits behind a long ~I"'IIIII11II11I'II11IIHIIIII"I"III'III11'IIIII11IIIII11'"UMllli ! i narrow one story building that up to De lano. Our group LIIMIIIIIIIM'H";MIIMIII";II,"lnl,"III1111I111I1I1111111111111I1l_'HIIHII,",,"II'MMMIIIMIIIII_,""""",-'M"lIilll""I11~"I1"I11""I1'"I11M'.-J continued lO/EL MALCRIADO tttttt"'.IIIII lIttllttt H' ,""" t."lllllflllllttt ,llttltlllll""' 'IlllllllIllllftlll IIII II II.I "" ,, ' '"11 1 1, ' , """"'"II ers who come here? only major problem is CLINIC... IRENE: They are not the language barrier. was made up mostly of like regular people, who MUst be very patient, re­ ,teachers, professors. have insurance. When they peat and repeat. You From then on, man, I get here it is sometimes must make sure you get had the bug. My whole too late. A lady with a everything. Saeed is an family is involved in­ black tooth tried to take Arab organizer. When he "eluding my kids. My care of it herself. She is around he helps trans­ .daughter is here full wound up with a burnt late. We had a girl who 'time and the others come lip. knew the different dia­ in the swnmer. lects of the Filipinos. I was here when Cesar El MAlCRIADO: What are But she left~ I don't Chavez tooK his t~ur and the people I ike the first know why. lMarion Moses had to help. time they come, why do We don't take X-rays We didn't have a doctor they come? here. We have to send ,~, then so I'd help out, IRENE: Usually they go out. The new clinic will speak Spanish. to a doctor in Delano. really be neat. Marion kept asking for For years and years De­ Regular clinics have me for three years. I lano doctors take care of one person issueing know most of the people. them, but they never get drugs, a receptionist,

~ 'I.Itlltl.'..'Utt'tH..ll...tttttt'ttttHttttttttlttttltttttl...... Hlllltlltltlttllltltllllltllllll1111I11..11 ...1.....1.111...111'111"'""'""1...... another to make up a :i :! chart. But here we do everything, each one of if us. :1 El MAlCRIADO: Who can "'s come to the clinic? ii-: -: IRENE: Everyone working -: ~i with the Union. We just i ask them where they work, i under the Union. 'I il El MAlCRIADO: What kind :i of treatment do the farm­ :~ workers receive outside :: the c lin ic? IRENE: Well, I'll tell J you. A lady went to the drugstore. She gave them ~ her Medical slip. The IRENE TERRAZAS; left, IS THE CLINrC'S HEALTH I '~ AIDE. HERE SHE AND NURSE MARION MOSES TAKE AN i lady behind the counter ~I EKG READING ON MR. SAlUDADO, A UFWOC MEMBER. told her- "You don't need I it, you don't need it!" :''''"'III1I1''IIII'"'''''''"'""tll'''''''''IIIIIII''I''IIIIIII..,.nlIIIIIIIII"IIIIIIIII"llttttllllllllllllllfllllllllllllllltttll"IIIIIIIIIHIIIIIII'"I""""'...... A man was hurt on the job. The doctor jus't ~Help with the needs of better. Medical, Medi­ slopped it up, you know. :the family. I think that care - to the doctors it Just gave him a shot and :is one of the reasons is just more income. They sent him back to work. ~Marion says I work well are never going to give The doctor said he could :with the people. I try it up. not understand Spanish. 'to get an idea of a per­ The man had to quit a few son's history. When he El MAlCRIADO: Do dif­ days later. He was in comes in I take his b100d ferent ethnic groups use great pain. We put a pressure, temperature, the clinic? splint on his arm and weight, and a urine sam­ IRENE: Chicano~ Filipino sent him up to Bakers­ ple. and Arab farm workers field. He came back with come to the clinic. But a cast. He had a broken El MAlCRIADO: How do you there are very few Black arm. feel about the farm work- and Anglo patients. The EL MALCRIADO/11 ...... "'" I "'..'I lttlllllllll•••IIIII..'" IIIIII..111111111111111111111"" ' 111111111••11111"11'111'"'1111.."'1111111'"11.."111111 '".""'" "" '111111"'"'"" 1111..IIICII_"tnIIIIIlt ttti

Oe of the two nurses at the equipment isn't avail­ workers. The medical clinic is Sister Carmen Duran. able. You try to aon­ plan we have aovers the Sister Carmen is from Salinas, aentrate of taking aare worker on any ranah he California. As a child she of people in their homes goes to. But the grower worked as a seasonal agricultural instead of aalling for plan ends as soon as the laborer and a pruner. them here. farm worker leaves that The aZinia se:r'ves an partiaular ranah. The EL MALCRIADO: How did eduaational funation. You growers' plan offers muah you come to work for the are trying to teaah less then our plan. I'm clinic? people their disease sure the workers didn't SISTER CARMEN: In Novem­ period or entity and how understand that the gro­ ber of last year I the benefits aome from wers' plan didn't aarry. learned that a nurse was being a union member. I over from ranah to ranah.· needed to take Marion think eduaation plays a Moses' plaae through Jim large role. We want to EL MALCRIADO: Why do you Holland, a building aon­ make the union strong. work here for so little? traator in San Franaisao. The more serviaes we of­ SISTER CARMEN: You aan I worked from November of fer, the stronger the look at it in a more de­ last year to Marah. Then union gets. Sometimes tatahed form when you

nurse Margie Ginsberg illl HIIItII'''"Illllllt'..IIII''IIIIUlltlltltl''' UIII ,,"""'""''"I..IIIIIIII.""'""'""""...-..Ol'"''nt"'' .. left for the Peaae Corps. ~ i Came in June for three months but after two I§ Ij weeks I deaided to stay ~ ~ longer. Two weeks was just not long enough to I I get oriented. It is dif­ § ! ferent from any other hospital I've ever worked I I in. E= i

EL MALCR IADO: In what I~ Ii way is it different? ~ I SISTER CARMEN: You have to be very aonsaious of who is going to pay. I~ , iI Never befope had to worry ~ i whether the bill was ~ ; going to be $25 or $10. Greater aonsideration !~ ! must be given to need i versus aonvenienae. ror i I:: example, in some situa~ :: tions an X-ray may be ACCORDING TO SISTER CARMEN, TRANSPORTATION OF i· given to aonfirm a diag­ PATIENTS, HOME CARE, LACK OF EQUIPMENT AND THE ::i nosis. It is a good INTEGRITY OF LOCAL MEDICAL CARE FACILITIES ALL ~ thing but it is not es­ MAKE SPECIAL PROBLEMS FOR THE ADMINISTRATORS OF ~ sential. One aan go on A FARM WORKER CLINIC. SISTER CARMEN IS ONE OF ~ aliniaal evidenae. You THE DELANO CLINIC'S TWO NURSES. i think twiae before having .1' . ; a patient go for an x­ ViltlllllllltttllltttIllUtllIIIIIIU..tIItttttIlUlllltltlllllnlllllttlIIllUltttllt"IIIIIIIIIIUlIllIlIUUntlItlUllttmlltlltllllltllnlUUllllUttUlIIUIlIlH...... ray. Here, we have to the people get themselves work part-time. Then send people to Bakers­ in mediaal plans without when you have evaluated field or Earlimart be­ them even knowing it. it you aan deaide if you aause of the trouble with These plans are given out want to stay longer. The the loaal doators. by the growers. We aan't hardest thing the people Transportation is a aaaept this beaause it faae here is to get used problem. You learn to defeats our whole purpose to the new faaes all the improvise beaause the of organizing the farm continued 12/EL MALCRIADO Im.UIl1U1I1I1I11ItIlUIllIllItIllIlUnmIllUlllllllllllllllmUlUllunn...... mtllIlIIUlIIIllIUIIIIIIIIItIl1nlllltllllllllllllmtlIlIlIlHIIIUlllllllmllllu"mttnttllllll"H..UU..IIIHI.IIIU...... UlIIIIIIII1I11111t11l1l11ttIlIlIflIIlIlIlUI""lnltll.mll each time the doctor was so busy victimized at the hands CLINIC... he JUSt couldn't spare the time. of the medical profession? time. There is no conti­ There is a constant stream of RICHARD: Yes. The most nuity. Perhaps the only people moving through the clinic terrible example of this stabilizing factor is bringing the health problems which happened about four years Marion. You have to come were never solved in the past by ago~ five years in April. with a notion of learning the medical men around Delano. My son was involved in a what is necessary here~ Appointments are requested of the car accident. They took not you are only going to patients at the clinic but that him to the Delano Hospi­ bring to them your know­ doesn't mean others won't be seen. tal as an emergency case. ledge. No union member is ever turned He died about 2~ hours What they are trying away, appointment or not. after the accident. to do here is make medi­ When I got there he cal services available to mhave now. heard what brihgs was trapped in the car. the migrant worker. the staff of the clinic to Delano. He was talking very One day a young They are determined to fight the clear. When they took fe Uow came in for drugs prejudice the haves bury the have­ him out of the car he because he had spent $30 nots in. But what about the people had a broken leg and a locally for drugs which themselves? The farm workers punctured lung~ plus o­ didn't do anything. who are tired of being second class. ther fractures. About We had a woman here The Chicano and Filipino workers 45 minutes after they got who needed a caesarian. who will never quit until all mi­ him~ he was dead. She had to make three grant labor gets what most Ameri­ I feel if he had gone full trips to Bakersfield cans take for granted. El Mal­ to Bakersfie;d he would before it was arranged. criado spoke to one such person, still be alive. It was a Richard Chavez. shock that he was dead 'E Malcriado tried to talk with after talking to him. I the clinic's staff doctor, Bill Davis. EL MALCRIADO: Do you understand Delano is not Five times EI Malcriado tried, feel you have ever been equipped to handle such

liinIlUlftllltllllllllllttlllllltf"_",lIlIlfIlllmnU"fIllIllIlIlIllIUIIIIIIIUlIIUNllllllllnlllllllll""III"IIIII! :II..IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII...... llIIlIlIIlltIllllllllllllllllltttllll....III"'III...IIII11I1I11I1I11I1I1I11I11"1II1111I1111':

I , I= I• a i ;: I• I= ~ = I= i E i i I ;: !

I;: i I; != I

~ §= ~ ! i ~ SISTER VERONICA, WHO IS THE RE- ~=====~==: MARION MOSES, R.N., CHECKS THE .SUPPLY OF DRUGS AT THE RODRIGO 1==: CEPT ION IST AND BOOKKEEPER FOR THf __i TERRONEZ MEMORIAL CLINIC. CLINIC, GOES OVER A PATIENT'S ! :_ MEDICAL FORMS. ~ = i ~ = lillllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll1II1111111111111111111111111f111111111,,1 inttltlltUtllttltUlIIUnlilltllllllltltlli.tttlHlllllllllllmlllllUlIUlIlIIllIIllIlIflIlItUIIIUlUIIIIIIIIIIIU'IIIIIIII# EL MALCRIADO/13 IINIIIIIII"IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII'''''''''III"OIllII'''"IIII''IIIII''''"fftttttlitItIttIIWIIIIlIlll"U'UIIIII'It,.,mlnll"'f'ItItt"I'lIt'M'"llllnfllllll""'1I1IIIIIftlIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIII""IIIIIII"IIIIII!"ttt,..-,"nllttt""'IIIHIlI111I.im..."'"'"'......

emergencies. t.I~""...... I...I...... '"I"ltt... IH."I_II~"" .....IIIIII'IIII""lflttltlllllllllllll"II.11IIIIIIIIMlltll"IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII....""""o...... "1 Roger had a freak accident also. He died on the operating table. . I I know of many here. Just recently~ my uncle came down with a diabetic stroke. He spent all night there. The next day the doctor came up to me~ very cold~ and said he was going to die I HERE ARE THE PLANS FOR A RECEPTION ROOM ANO A i very soon and there was Is PLAYGROUND FOR THE NEW FARM WORKER CLINIC TO BE I nothing we could do. s._ BUILT IN DELANO. BUT THESE WILL BE ONLY DREAMS s__ With the assistance s ON PAPER UNLESS WE CAN FIND TRAINED STAFF AND = of some family we got him I UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT FOR OUR CLINIC. I transferred to Bakers­ field. There he had his L.....llllllllllllmllmlm,nnllntl.tlllnlllllllllllllllflllulllmnUnlmllll1tfmlllllltllllllllllllltllUllttttIUltlttlll"""ltIll11l1mUmnlllttltIIUIfIIIIF leg amputated below the cluding eating, sleeping, reproduc-, iately became unconscious. By th~ knee. And now~ he is tion, etc. Breast milk contains time the ambulance came he was :' quite well. 4 1/2 times as much DDT as cow's dead. The driver, pathologist, and" rwould rather take a milk sold to the public. There is mortician all became sick from chance of dying on the mounting evidence that DDT is handling the body. way to Bakersfield than passed through a pregnant woman's going to Delano Hospital. aese are the problems the bloodstream into her baby's blood­ Rodrigo Terronez Clinic faces. The farm workers al­ ~tream. ways get second-rate The odds against them are tremen-: dous. However. the staff feels that. treatment everywhere. OganoPhosPhates are also First~ they have learned the necessary because of the used heavily in agriculture. These ingredients for administering a financial status and also compounds cause quick violent quality health care system for the because of the language deaths in contrast to the slow barrier. There is a case multi-national, multi-lingual popu­ chlorinated hydrocarbons. Often lation. This clinic's success is of a fellow who got hurt farm workers come to the clinic on the job. His foot was based on the direct participation of in Delano with severe skin diseases the people. They trust the clinic quite swelled. The doc. which do not respond to treatment. because they know it is run by , tor gave him a shot and Impaired vision and asthma are also themselves, for themselves. The sent him home. Later we common. found out that his foot clinic has overcome the cold im­ was broken in three personalization of the modern me­ :l{ recent l3urvey by the dical profession. places. This is not un­ Public Health Department in Ca­ common. I don't know why lifornia showed that 80% of the :But they need trained people. they do this. workers surveyed had one or They need people who are willing to I feel our clinic more of the symptoms of pesticide work long and hard. This is simply will provide the care and poisoning. medical assistance de­ because all the desire in the world cannot replace skilled people and serving of all human potency of some of the ae expensive medical equipment. beings~ whether rich or poisons cannot be overstated. Be­ poor. cause of engine trouble ilcrop Some day the National Farm duster attempted a forced landing. Workers Service Center hopes to In addition to the normal de­ The plane rolled into a fence and open clinics in the Southern San lusion of ills that face the clinic, turned over. The pilot was not­ Joaquin Valley, the Imperial Val­ they face a very serious special injured but was covered with the ley, and the Coachella and Salinas problem ... that of pesticide dust of the organo-phosphate Tepp. Valleys. The plans of the people at poisoning. (The estimated fatal dosage is one the clinic in Delano all aim at one GlOrinated hydrocarbons, drop orally or externally.) The goal: to establish a pattern of such as DDT, are nerve toxins. pilot walked about 50 feet from the change toward equality of care that The effects on the brain, spinal plane and asked for a drink of will improve the delivery of health chord, and nerves result in the water. After drinking the water he ~ervices to all poor people of Cali­ mutation of all body functions in- began to vomit and almost immed- fornia. 14/EL MALCRIADO

The farm workers' community school or Huelga School is an after school and evening program for children ages 4 - 18. Most of those who attend are the child­ ren of people who work for the Union. In the afternoon we have an informal program including a wide range of academic, arts & crafts, and play activities. During December all of our afternoon activities were focused on preparing for Christmas and rancheros." "I want huelga ported the boycott. They wanted ~doing something about Cesar being I want Cesar out of jail." to sing to them to encourage them in jail. Children don't always un­ When the children got out on to work harder. Together with derstand what is involved in the picket line at Safeway that Larry Lava they made up a new issues like contracts, wages, and Saturday, they immediately re­ song to the tune of "The Twelve hiring halls. Children do under­ alized their signs were addressed Days of Christmas," called "The stand what it means to put Cesar more to other huelguistas than Six Days of Christmas." Chavez in jail because he re- to the average Safeway customer. On the first day of Christmas

I fuses to call off the boycott. The Fortunately we had materials with Cesar gave to me -- • Huelga SChool children wanted to us. The children made some A contract for a victory, help "boycott the hell out of the new, more appropriate signs: On the second dayofChristmas lettuce," and they wanted to help "Don't shop at stores that sell Cesar gave to me -- Cesar not be too sad becaust: he scab lettuce." Two picket ~igns,. was in jail. The next week was spent in On the third day of Christmas The kids decided to picket making Christmas cards for pa­ Cesar gave to me -­ Safeway. For a whole week we rents and Cesar and in making Three Huelga buttons, did almost nothing but make picket decorations for a couple ofChrist­ On the fourth day of Christmas signs. The kids made up their mas trees. Again the children Cesar gave to me -- own Slogans, cut cardboard, let­ did some striking art work, and Four pounds of beans, tered it, illustrated the signs and they wrote a lot of neat things On the fifth day of Christmas figured out' how to mount them. to Cesar, like, "Cesar, why don't Cesar gave to me -- They also made a couple ofbanners you sneak out of jail." During Five dollars a week, out of an old sheet. The slogans this time we were also doing a On the sixth day of Christmas the children made up were force­ lot of singing. We always sing, Cesar gave to me -- ful. They always stated very but at this time we were getting Sixty towns to boycott. : clearly where the children were: ready to sing for the food ca­ On the sixth day of Christmas "We are fighting Safeway and we ravaneers who were coming on Cesar gave to me -- will not give up." "La huelga .December 18 and 19. The child­ Sixty towns to boycott• dice Abajo con Safeway y los ren knew that these people sup- In doing all of this we got more EL MALCRIADO/15

FELICIA WILLIAMSON (oenter) HOLDS CLASS IN THE FRONT YARD OF THE HUELGA SCHOOL. writing, singing, designing and thinking done than we would have in a normal month. Cesar's jailing gave the children signifi­ cant responsibility that they would fulfill. They joyfully did work that actually needed to be done. Our culture has freed children from having to bearresponsibility. We almost never ask children to do work beyond the classroom or the house. Many Indian tribes, on the other hand, gave children significant jobs such as tending sheep and guarding other infants, which were significant to the life of the community and which would COTTON IS FOR TASTING AND SMASHING AND STUFFING not have been done if the child­ IN vnUR EARS~ SAY THESE TWO KIDS AT HUELGA SCHOOL. ren had not done them. Indians gave their children respon­ we are boyr;o·Hn'J Yl6,,··l},"on Let+Uc.e. 0 net sibilities appropriate to their a­ '-'0 u CaYI pIp '. f bilities and maturity. In doing / h ~ u::, L·1 no 5hOPP/h3 . so they acknowledged the signifi­ cance of the activities of their 0. + 5 +ore.5 thot ·S~// ,-,(co b L etrvce, children to the life of the tribe. From infancy the child saw his We are.. trY!II!! hw d ClIlJ we. hope. activity in relation to all that you tr hqrJ 10,/, made tribal life possible. Child­ r rIm learned to see and to do what needed to be done so that PleafJf., cIodr bu! Sc q b leftc~ the tribe might live. The huelga helps us free our children to have ESTAMOS HACIENDa BOICOT A LAS LECHUGAS QUE NO SON meaningful responsibility in the DE LA UNION DE LOS TRABAJADORES CAMPESINOS, Y UD. life of this community. PUEDE AYUDARNOS SI DEJA DE COMPRAR EN LAS TIENDAS QUE VENDEN ESAS LECHUGAS ESQUIROLAS. Right: IN JANUARY THE KIDS MADE A LEAFLET IN DACAMI NGA UB-UBING TI ESCUELA BOYBOYCATEN MI TI FOUR LANGUAGES TO PASS LET-TIOGAS. OUT TO PUBLIC SCHOOL HUWAG SANA KAYO MAMILI SA TINDAHAN NA MAYROONG STUDENTS IN DELANO. LETTUCE NA ESKEROL. page 16/EL MALCRIAPO TWELVE THH LETTUCE DIFFERENT FIELDS•••• SCENES DEPICT THE FIVE LONG THE ARTIST, YEARS OF ANDY ZERMENO, STRflGGLE HAS CAUGHT TCNARD WINNING THE EMOTIONS THE GRAPE OF STRIKING CONTRACTS, AND FARM WORKERS TODAY'S BATTLE IN BEAUTIFUL FOR JUSTICE IN COLOR. THE STAMPS, ALL IN FULL COLOR, ILLUSTRATE THE PLIGHT OF FARM WORKERS BEFORE AND DURING THE FORMATION OF THEIR OWN ..., Eaoh sheet of 48 ~ stamps oosts $1. == You wiU reoeive a ~ DISCOUNT on orders ~ of 10 or more ~ sheets. Eaoh set ~ of 10 sheets oosts farPI hi_ 5JIM. Viet,,, avtr bul Ptverty o"n l y $9. 00. !fWOC. JUSh" Ollnlty 8"'h.'h..,

FROM U.F.W.O.C. •r Order today!

1971 CALENDAR features a complete history of the farm workers' fight for dignity through non-violence. Each month is highl1ghted by a 10" by 10" pencU and wash drawing by Andy - Zermeno...... --. OveraU calendar size is ---.. . . IS" by U". ------... -.- - - - $2.00 each; 5 calendars for $9.00; 10 for $17.00. rTO:------,TALLER GRAFICO, P.O. BOX 130, DELANO, CA 93215 I'Please add 25¢ for handling and postage.... I 1. __ sheets of UFWOC COMMEMORATIVE STAMPS @ $1 eaohl sets of 10 sheets @ $9 per 10 I == oopies of 1971 FARM WORKER CALENDAR @ $2 each I __ sets of 5 oalendars @ $9 per 5 I 1 sets of 10 oalendars @ $17 per 10 ITOTAL AMOUNT ENCLOSED $ . • I I NAME ------1 I ADDRESS ------1 I CITY STATE ZIP_I ._------11