.IN_ENGLISH ( EI Malc:riado The .Voice, of the Farm Worker Volume II, No.3 ~. Delano, Cal ifornia Honday, April 1,1968

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Hey, hay, who said you could vote? /I

- UNITED FARM WORK~RS Non-Profit Org. ORGANIZING COMMITTEE u.s. Postage Paid. P.O. BOX 130 ..,- Permit # 124 DELANO, CALIFORNIA 93215 Delano~ Ca. 93215 . nne .

ers ~.,. rativa'· . 2/EL MALCRIADO. April 1. 1968

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We hope you've enjoyed recelvlng these last few sample copies of EL MALCRIADO. Final decisions have not been made concerning our exact distri­ bution. At this moment the only people who are certain to continue re­ ceiving the newspaper are UFWOC mem­ bers and paid subscribers. We have been using an active news­ letter list of more than ten thousand supporters. The cost of such an im­ possible mailing is really beyond us at this point. The work of processing cesar to be kennedy this size mailing list ;s also beyond delegate the capacity of our limited staff. We do not want to lose contact with reagan visits farm the people who are actively interested worker slums 5 in La Causa but our newsletter list fails to differentiate between an ac­ rent strike won 7 tive supporter and one who might have signed a name to a petition on our be­ non-violence and half two years ago. your vote 8 The problem of integrating the UFWOC supporter list may not be faced mexican unions to for many months because of the pres­ act on scabs 11 sure of work in Delano ••• Therefore. if you have 'an active interest in news of itliong sues birchers 12 the farm worker movement and you want to be sure that you keep getting EL health & welfare fund 12 MALCRIADO please fill in the blank be­ low and send it with your check. digiorgio 13

about nlra 15

"EL MALCRIADQ" is pub­ 'lished 'by the Farm,Worker Press, Inc., an organ of United Farm Workers Or­ ganizing Committee, AFL­ CIO.

II Subscribe Now! More and more people are finding out that a subscription to EL MALCRIADO EL MALCRIADO is the best way to keep up with the farm worker P.O. BOX 130 stl'UfJlJle. Don't be left out...Send in this coupon today! DE LANO, CALI F. Cada quinzena mas y mas _personas aprende que EL MALCRIADO 93215 es Za mejor fuente'de imformaci8n sobre eZ moviemiento campesino. No Zo piercies.• :Env!e eZ cup8n hoy! FILL OUT THIS CARD AND SEND IT WITH $3.50 TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS FOR A ONE-YEAR 'SUBSCRIPTION TO EL MALCRIADO, SENT TO, YOUR HOME EVERY TWO WEEKS FOR ONE YEAR. Llena este cupon y env!elo con $3.50 a la direccion arriba. As! Ie c~prP. Z03 por torreo cada 15 dias durante en a'o. NAME-nombre , English 0 ,EspanolD ADDRESS-domicil io -,' CITY-ciUdad ' ( c-estado ZIP ---.,._ , f EL'MALCRIADO. March 15. 1968/3

'rhe greatest gathering of farm workers in the history ,of Delano celebrated the end of the 25-day fast of Ce sa r

I Chavez on Sunday, March 10. Ten thousand farm workers joined in a procession behind the Virgen of Guadalupe, pat­ ron saint of Mexico, and the Thunderbird banners of the United Farm Workers Organi­ I zing Committee. Senator Robert F. Kennedy was near the fr ont as the pro­ cession wound almost a mile through Delano Mem'Jrial Park to a tempory altar. A multi-church mass with an opening prayer in Hebrew, a Protestant sermon and Ca­ tholic r it ua 1 preceded th e breaking of the bread, semita, the bread of the poor of Mexico. The first to break bread were Chavez and Ken nedy. The loaves were then shared by the 10,000 mass entire assemblage as priests passed among the throng. UFWOC vice president Julio Hernandez read Chavez' state­ ment in Spanishand Rev. James Drake read it in English be­ cause "My heart is so full and in gran fiesta my body too weak to say what I feel." Chavez sat too weak to even keep his head erect as his own words were spoken. "I undertook this fast because my heart was filled with grief After praising the union of potluck of massive contri­ and pain for the sufferings of me m b e r s for "tremendous butions from committees and farm workers...It was a fast gains" in the last two years he families a 11 over the state. for non-violence and a call to said: "The s e victories are sacrifice. yours. You won them with your They returned to the speakers' "Our struggle is not easy. courage and with the l,e.ader-:­ .stand for introductions of the Those who oppose our cause ship of Cesar Chavez. There organizers of the event and to are rich and powerfulan d they is no one who can take them hear a ringing declaration by have many allies in high places. from you." Reies Tijerina, fiery leader We are poor. Our allies are Paul Schrade, West Coast of the land grant movement in few. But we have somEilthing head of the United Auto Wor­ New Mexico. "The press and that the rich do not, own. We kers rose to the platform to propaganqa m a k e r s of this have our own bodies'and spirits deliver a $50,000 check for. country are trying to destroy and the justice of our cause as construction of offices on the the unity of our people. Of our weapons. " 40-acre site owned by UFWOC. course 1- endorse the work of Senator Kennedy opened his He then gave an add itionaI' Cesar Chavez. Brother Cha­ remarks in a Spanish broken $4900 check given by the mem­ vez and all the brothers of the by his Massachusettes accent bers of the UAWtraining pro­ United Farm Workers Organi­ .and set the audience to wild gram. The money is to be used zing Committee are gallant applause. specifically for t r a i n i n g of human beings fighting to es­ "I come to honor Cesar UFWOC personnel and comit­ tablish the dream and reality Chavez for his compassion, his teemen. of Americafor those who have honesty, his truth and his de­ The crowd dispersed to enjoy been the most disadvantaged, dication, " he said. a "comida cooperativa" a sort the farm workers. " 4/El MALCRIADO. t1arch 15.1968 Trial Set to April 22 Cesar Chavez sat in the nounced that he would not sang "Las Mananitas" in courtroom, weakened and subject the fasting Chav­ honor of Cesar's name day. pained by 13 days of his ez to the ordeal of a And while the Union religious fast. lengthy trial at that waited for the second act Along the corridors, a­ time. of its frame-up ordeal, round the lobby walls, He asked how much time Giumarra's foremen con­ and lining the walkways UFWOC wanted for an ex­ tinued to cruise the pick­ outside, more than 1,000 tension and then granted etlines with their rifles Mexican, Negro, Filipino, 45 days, suggesting ApriY mounted in their pick-up and Anglo farm workers 15 as a possible new dat e. trucks, trying the pa­ stood silently or quietly Giumarra's attorney, Wil­ tience of farm workers singing. liam A. Quinlan, told the who have been on strike The date was February judge he couldn't make it for more than 30 months. 27. Chavez and the Union on the 15th, so the hear- were on trial. ,ing was re-set for April The charge: 12 alleg~d 22 in Superior Court at violations of an antl­ Bakersfield.. strike injunction issued last August by Kern Coumy After the hearing, more Superior Court Judge J. than a thousand people Kelly Steele. returned to Delano for a The characters in the meeting at the Forty Ac­ drama had first appeared res. Representatives of the day before. But the ~l the Union ranches came presiding judge of the to camp for several days Kern CountySuperior Court in tents beside the build­ claimed no courtroom was ing where Chavez was keep­ available for hearing the ing his fast. case. Witnesses were or~ Farm workers, Union ered to report the follow­ staff people and reure­ ing day. sentatives from the coun­ Meanwhile, Kern County try's most important la­ judicial officials were bor organizations express­ hurriedly arranging for ed their solidarity and retired Los Angeles judge resolved to return for Morton Barker to come to another orderly demonstra­ Bakersfield to hear the tion on April 22. case. William Kircher of the No local judge would AFL-CIO and Walter Reuth­ take it on, many observ­ er of United Auto Workers ers said. addressed the crowd, and On the second day, Almaden ranch committee Los Angeles judge chairman Francisco Soria

.• EL MALCRIADO, March 15. 1968/5 by Juanita Herrera as told to El Malcriado Mrs. Herrera, striking farm Norker and mother of four, recently returned from New York. She tells of strike activities in New York and of the shocking arrests of s.everal farm work­ ers last month: There are about 50 of us, mostlyfromDelano in jailthere! We were in jailfrom 7 in the mor­ and Richgrove and around here, that are on the ning until 4 in the aftern 0 0 n. It was in the boycott in New York. Six people just left with Bronx. We hope that the arrest and being in Marcos Munoz for Boston, and some are going jail will bring some benefits for us. to Chicago. They said we were disturbing the peace. We were surprised when theyarrested us. We only For three weeks there was no snow, but now said "Don'tbuy scab grapes" and we were singing there is snow and slush. It was 18 degrees when sometimes. A lot of people came to the jail and we left. We used to picket every day at the Pro­ protested the arrest. Three buses of Seafarers duce Market, where they se11 the fruit and vege ­ and Longshoremen came and picketed to support tables to the mar k e t s, But we haven't done us. The guy that put the complaint dropped the much picketing since the arrest.· My husband charge. and myself were arrested, and 22 1/2 inall (we Now we contact unions, small groups, chur­ say 1/2 because there was a 6 year old boy. ches. We talk to them, ask for help and support. We were in jail all day, and we didn't have any­ We tell them how the strike began and how we thing to eat all day but one slice of bologna and want a union, We have great support there, two slices of bread apiece. unions, churches, studen t s, Puerto Ricans, Now I think I know New York, because we were Negroes. Everyone knows about our strike. Boycott Builds The basic tactic is to inform groups, and concerned citi­ NEW YORK, March l4--The and organize e'very sympathe­ zens have formed a massive Huelga has come toNew York. tic group in the East to support coalition to close the New York Over 50 strikers left Delano the farm workers' struggle, area to scab grapes. If ne­ in Januaryand traveled by bus R,oss said. The main pressure cessary, the en t ire Hunts to New York, to start a full has bee~ d ire c ted against Point Produce Mar k e t, the time boy cot t of Giumarra Victor Joseph and Son, vege­ huge fresh fruit and vegetable grapes and other grapes grown table and fruit brokers, who market serving the New York­ by growe'rs who won't sign sell Giumarra grapes to many New Jerseyarea, will be picke­ contracts with the Union. of the big Esatern chain stores.. ted. Now full time boycott acti­ As one sympathetic labor vities have started in Chicago, The boycott also includes leader from New York put it, under Eliseo Medina, and in all non - union grapes, since "Since Giumarra is deaf to the Boston, under Marcos Munoz. Giumarra uses manyother pleas of the strikers, maybe Dolores Huerta and Fred Ross growers' labeIs in an effort to he win listen to us. Giumarra lead the boycott in New York. defeat the boycott. better either bargain with and "We will stay here right Members of all major unions, recognize the Union, or send through the next season, if stUdents; clergy and religious no more grapes to New York. necessary," Fred Ross told groups, civil rights groups, We would hate to tie up this El Malcriado last week. Neg r 0 and Puerto Ric an beautiful market next spring," 6/EL MALCRIADD, March 15, 1968

Greencard Abuse Could Close Border Will the border be closed to of our officers and some of worker. We welcome any Mexican aliens who work in our best members hold green man, alien or not, if he is the fields of the Southwest? cards, but when a man really willing to stand up for dignity, "That is not our objective at lives in Me x i co and comes better conditions and a decent all," UFWOC official Robert here to take our jobs that's wage," Bustos said. Bustos sa i d recently. "We another story. The dollar has "Since the growers insist on only want to cut off a supply 'some strength in Mexico, but using the greencarder against of cheap farm labor which is the same dollar spent here can his own interests and the in­ used to undermine our wages hardly fill the bellyand cover terests of resident farm wor­ and working conditions. Some the head of the U•.S. farm kers there is real danger that the border can be closed, " he noted. R e c e n t government hearings on the green card problem have produced seve:­ ral strongly w 0 r de d state­ ments: Jack Conway, executive di­ rector of the Industrial Union Dept., AFL-CIO: "Unless effective steps are taken immediately tobring the green card pro b 1e m under control so that the rights and equities of all workers will be adequately protected, we will be forced into escalating cam­ paigns of opposition to the use of green cards. " The AFL- CIO Executive Council: GREEN CARD commuters cross the border daiLy at Roma, Texas to "The AFL-CIOhas suppor­ board buses which take them to the fields. FederaL law prohi­ ted a liberal immigration po­ bits the use of green carders as strikebreakers. Sallis Photo licy but. .. has insisted that there is no room for a policy which would permit immig­ rants, yet not citizens, who The Power &the Pitttance hold resident visas, to act as The greencard commuter is a refugee from the poverty of strikebreakers. " Mexico. Although he lives in Mexico, he com3S to this country Michael Peevey, Research either daily or seasonally with the hope of returning home with Director of the Calif. Labor some savings. He is takenadvantage of by the growers, sweat­ Federation: shop employers, by merchants, and by businessmen of all sorts. "No foreign farm workers He returns with a pittance of the labor value he leaves behind, should be imported into the while reducing resident workers to a poverty alien to the society U. S. this year or in subse­ of abundance. quent years. We believe that The "commuter" system clearly violates the law, but will public law 414 should be amen­ government enforce the law? The growers of California and the ded to bar foreign farm wor­ Southwest say they need the greencarder to do the stoopwork,' ker importation entirely:" but they refuse to pay the wages and grant the conditions which "The intent of all U. S. im­ would allow us to work in dignity. The poor of Mexico pay $273 migration law has always been million a year into U. S. industry due to an unfavorable trade to uphold Arne rica n labor .balance. While industry is picking the Mexican pocket for the standards, " Bustos said. The millions, the Immigration Service allows som,:! change to trickle g r e e n card strikebreakers back to the poorest of the poor, through the greencard system. violate that intent. If the law Everybody can then be satisfied... everybody but the U. S. farm is not a p p lie d to limit the worker, who must compete against the desperately poor of strikebreakers then p eo p 1e M,~xico, who are used as a lever to cut his wages to the lowest will act to putnewand sharper possible point. teeth into the law. The green The grower laughs and gets fat. The industrialist gets fat card strikebreaker and the and laughs--expecting us to fight with our Mexican brothers. grower may be digging their But we know who the real enemy is! own economic grave. EL. MALCRIADO, March 15, 196817 Greencard Scabs and the Law

"After only five days of in­ public. " "There is still noway to tell vestigation our people have Green carders are resident just what the penalty for the­ found that at least 25% of the aliens who hold Immigration green cards may be, whether Giumarra work force in the Service form 1-151. Federal jail, a fine, or simply loss of fields are 'green carders, '" regulations prohibit using a the immigrationvisa, but per­ according to L u p e MurguIa green card to enter the Uni­ jury is a crimi nal offense Nava, a for mer Giumarra ted States with the intention which will be costly in both worker and now a leader in the of working on ranches where time and money. " strike. a certified I abo r dis put e E 1eve n "green carders" "We have many names and exists. were 'a r res ted at Cipriano locations and we will turn our Padillo's labor camp recently. evidence over to the Border "We already have evidence -When the B 0 r d e r Patrol PatroIand demand action. Our of several cases where com­ gave them orders to leave, men will be on hand to see what pany agents have told 'green they remained because a com­ the government does. If they carders' to per j u r e them­ pany agent told them that the fail to make arrests, or if the selves in talking to the immig­ Border Patrol was just strik­ illegals 'mysteriously' get a ­ ration authorities. When we ers dressed up as officers. warning be for e the Border prove this it will not go too The ,arrest came on the second Patrol comes we will know a-. well either for the company or visit. Since t ha t time Giu­ bout it and make the fraud a the perjurers. marra has bailed out the men, and a hearing has been sche-, duled for March 18. Through reliable so~urces, El Malcriado has learned that lA M(XICANA a number of growers are wor­ king hand in glove with Giu­ Bakeries marra to challenge the immig­ ration law which forbids green THREE'1JuCATIONS TO SERVE YOU IN KERN COUNTY carders to aetas strikebreak­ ers. They have hired a Los Angeles attorney named Bo­ BAKERSFIE~D -~~AS C-0-----'1 f-407~~~~~0Ave. r naparte to do the job for them. 630 Baker St. 1000 "F" St The March 18, decision can I 725-9178 323-4294 ~ 758-5774 • 1 be c rue i a 1 in determining _. __ .~------_.- whether or not a free flow of egg bread and pastries strikebreakerswill be permit­ aU kinds of donuts ted to cross _the international french bread cakes for all occasions border. On March 18, Mr. Bona par te may meet his Waterloo.

rR-~DRIGO TERRaNE Z ME MORIAL CLINIC I Clinica Medica Campesina P. O. Box 671 Phone 725-1281 Delano, Calif. 93215

The doctor for the Union is in the cl inic Monday through Friday from 10:00 a.m. until 5:30 p.m. He also has cl inic hours on Thursday evening from 7:00 until 9:00, and on Saturday morning from 10:00 until 12:30.

You can reach him for emergency care at all times by call ing 725-1281. EL MALCRIADO, March 15, 1968/9 8/EL MALCRIADO, March 15, 1968 The fast... It was a personal fast of penance, and hope. It symbolized a recommitment and rededication to the principles of non-violence and brotherhood on which the [Jnion was founded. For 25 days, Cesar Chavez, director of the United Farm Workers Organizina Committee fasted and nrayed. lie lived and slept at the Union's 40 acres of land near Delano, \'/here the national headfJuarters of the Union are beinn built. Farm \'/orkers from allover California came to be with him, to pledqe their loyalty to the Cause, . to pray with him at the daily masses. Midway through the fast, Chavez was ordered to annear in Kern County Courthouse to answer charges by Giumarra Corporation that he and the Union had violated a court injunction restricting the strike. But the judge nostponed the trial because Chavez was so weak from fasting. In a show of solidarity, over 1,000 farm workers went with Cesar to the Bakersfield court to stand trial with him. It was their Union, as well as their leader, that was on trial. Chavez's fast ended on March 10. He had lost 40 pounds and become so weak that he could barely walk. But the fast strengthened the Union and united·the workers around the basic principle of non-violence in continuing this struggle until justice is achieved.

,Philip Veracruz and Julio Hernandez help Cesar Chavez to walk to the mass. Lupe Murguia Nava, carrying the cross, and Fr. Mark Day lead the procession.

Helen and Cesar Chavez pray during the last week of the fast.

Left: Workers from allover California came to Delano to be with Chavez during his fast ••• from Parlier and Porterville, from Hollister and Hanford, from Living­ ston and Lamont. Many slept in tents or in their cars. Women served meals and and coffee to the encamped workers.

Rig~t: Chavez and Union members attend­ ed daily masses during the fast. The new co-op garage and gas station are'in the background of the temporary altar. IO!El MAlCRIADO, March 15, 1968

~y Gustavo Gutierrez Tempe, Arizona Some of the otHer buses had left early but that was I heard the alarm clock ring and turned over in to eliminate any chance of bed wishing I could lie in some man getting off the buses if somebody came bed longer, but it's 3:00 along with a better deal. AM, and if I don~t get to 3rd and Madison before ~OO Some of the buses were go­ AM, I might not be able to ing as far as Harquahala get to work with one of ValleY,some 75 miles away. the contractors. Others were going to Aq­ So I get up and struggle uila, which is 80 miles with my clothes and shoes, away---160 miles round­ Why get the coffee perk:ing and, trip.This would be 5 hours Boy! fuat first cup of cof­ just to go and come, with­ fee sure feels good! out travel pay. My mind wanders to the I remember when I was we other people in the city young and was not afraid who are still sleeping, to do any kind of farm like the government office work from loading lettuce workers,. who don't go to to thinning sugar beets, work until 8:00 AM, but I but now I did not want to struggle can't let my mind wander look bad in the eyes of too much in that direction. my fellow workers, or take I have to go out and earn the chance of being too enough for the rent. slow, so I avoided work­ I add up what I've made ing where I had to work in since Saturday and it is teams. I chose work where only $25 after expenses, it was to each his own. lunch money for the kids, I thought, "I'll go groceries, and I'm still with Pancho (one of Joe short $35 for the rent mOfr Rodriguez's foremen -- he Gus Gutierrez in an Ari­ ey and here it is already had cantaloupes), I know zona farm worker now Wednesday. I can hack it there and organizing for the Union Well, -might as well they pay everyday." So I in Central Arizona. start walking; it's a mile got on the truck at 5:30 UFWOC's Arizona head­ to 3rd and Madison and it AM and then we went to the quarters are at 9162 West should take about 20 min­ contractor's house, where Polk, Tolleson. Gutierrez utes to get there. I'm not we sat and waited for an led the Guadalupe Organi­ as young as I used to be. hour for the contractor zation during the 1950's. The buses and trucks are to come back from Glen­ This organization was. lined up and down Madison dale, where he had gone patterned on the C.S.O. and 3rd Ave. The drivers to pick up the payroll in California, and brought are shouting, "We pay ev­ from Joe Rodriguez's off­ many benefits to the poor ery . afternoon, come and ice. people living in Guadalupe, pick oranges, lemons, l2¢ After he got back we the huge Mexican-American a bag." "Come and pick cafr took off for the fields barrio outside Phoenix. taloupes." "Cutting let­ which took about an hour. Gutierrez is an old friend tuce you can work in trios When we got there, we had and ally of Cesar Chavez or in cuadrillas; everybody to wait half an hour be­ and the other leaders works together." cause we started to work of UFHOC. The drivers shout like at 8:00. That's a long wmt barkers at a circus, all but what can you do when bidding for the laborers you don't have a car and who come looking for work. anyway, it's too expensive Some of the buses had to drive a car 45 miles been there since 2:30 AM, on $1.25 an hour. some of the bus es were left When we got to the parked overnight, and some fields I knew that we were were loaded since 3:30 but going to eat dust because were still there. It is it just rolled like when senseless to go out to the you have a storm. The fields at that hwr because drinking water turned in­ it woold still be dark when to muddy chocolate be­ they got there and they cause of all the dirt that couldn't start working til had got into the water it was light enough to sea tank. • EL MALCRIADO, March 15. 1')68/11

When we started worKing r knew that there was no stopping until quitting time. That meant no stop­ ping to eat, no rest per­ iods, and so it went all day until quitting time. Up and down climbing into the trucks, unloading the bags full of cantaloupes, and you had to be agile to climb the board that runs from the ground to the truck.

While we were working, one of the foremen asked for our names but not our social security. numbers. Still, when we got paid, they took out money for the social security. No­ body told us how many hours we had worked or how much we were supposed to have earned, or how much social security they took out. Nothing was said about anything; the contractor acted like he was doing us a favor. We stopped working at about 4 PM, but we didn't get back into Phoenix un­ til 6:30 PM -- the con­ tractor had stopped to talk to the rancher, put gas in the truck -~ndall this on our time. r felt like· hitting something to relieve my frustration, but r knew that wouldn't help. Somewhere in the bus r heard that in Delano,Cal­ ifornia there were farm workers who had organized a union. In fact, the man was saying they even had some contracts with some of the big companieswhere the workers were the ones who decided how the con­ tracts should be written and how they should get paid. This is what they had to do in Arizona, they had to get together and organize. Maybe, r thought, r could write to Delano and get some information and ~hen maybe Phoenix and ~he surrounding area could truly be the Valley of the Sun instead of the Valley of Shame. 12/EL MALCRIADO, March IS, 1968 UAW head speaks in Delano LBJ calls for ~ore DELANO, Feb. 27--Walter Since that tim e we have Grower Power Reuther, leader ofthe power­ grown to' the strength which ful United Auto Workers ar­ commands the respect of the WASHINGTON, D. C. --Pre­ rived in Delano to meet with most powerful industry in the sident Johnson has called for fasting CesarChavez and to world. We can now sit down collective bargaining rights for address farm w 0 r k e r s ga­ at a bargaining table and arrive farmers. Ina special message thered in tents and lean-tos, not only at a dec en t hourly to Congress, Johnson u r g e d mobilized in support of the wage, but guarantee a yearly hearings on "Farmer Bargain­ Union during the crisis. income for every member. ing." If far mer s bargained' "It is a privilege to be here collectivelywith canneries and After visitingwith the weak­ in Delano today. I will be able distributors, they co u 1d get ened Chavez, Reuther mounted to tell my children and my higher prices for their pro­ the platform to the applause grandchildren that I was here duce.. of more than 2,000 farm wor­ when the farm workers made "The fact remains that the kers. their first strides along the farmer does not have the bar­ "I come here today as the road which will eventually lead gaining power he needs," the representative of more than to the organized solidarity that President said. 1. 5 million auto workers, will bring a fair share of the Johnson made no mention of bringing with me their greet­ American abundance. collective bargaining rig h t s ings, hopes and support. It "U n de r the leadership of for farm workers in any of his was not too long ago when Cesar Chavez you are on that messages to Congress, a nd wearing a un~on button in a road, and you will win. " has never publicly endorsed Detroit auto plant would re­ Before leavingtlie speakers' laws to 'give farm workers e­ sult in firings, blacklist and­ platform, Reuther han d ed'a qual rights with other workers beatings. $7,500 check to Manuel Chavez" in America. Long Strik'e Prospect HONOLULU, HAWAII--F'ar'm , The workers, 'members of , But while the 8, 000 full time workers in Hawaii launched a the International Longshore­ workers have got substantial mas s i v e and 100% effective men and Warehousemen's wage increases, many of the strike against the Big F i v e Union, were the first farm 13, 000 seasonal employees pineapple companies on Feb­ w 0 r k e r s in the U.S. to be ' have not been covered by the raury 8, 1968. covered by Un ion contract,s. contracts. In J a :1 U a r y, the pineapple workers voted 3, 80i to 202 in favor of authorizing a strike if the company refused to meet People's their basic demand-s for a new' contract to include 13,000 sea­ sonal employees. A wage in­ crease, improved pension plan Cafe and 0 the r improvements in working conditions were de­ manded. The,companies offered only a small wage increase, which would set a minimum wage at 624 Carces YOUR HOSTS, SONNY & ANNE TORRES $2. 21 by 1971. The cos t of liVing is very high in Hawaii, Delano making $2.21 i nad e qua t e. Meanwhile, the growers have been making high profits, and can afford to pay more. The offer was rejected. The-w'orkers, who include many Filipino and Japanese­ Americans, are prepared for a long strike, if necessary,to win a fair settlement. EL MALCRIADO. March 15. 1968/13 Scab driver

Charles Beighle is a Giu­ agent. arra supervisor. He spends The supervisor has 0 f ten is days patrolling the UFWOC stopped to talk to the pickets, icket lines and driving the but rarely has he had anything cabs in the fie 1d s to work to say that was printable. His, aster. Chances are that the four -letter vocabulary is ex­ an is not too successful in tensive, butwhen he is passfng is workaday life. His com­ the line in his pickupand hasn't any seems to be at least a the time to talk, his habit is to onth behind lastyear's prun­ simply raise the middle finger 'ng and tying schedule. of his right hand. The man drives a Oiumarra ickup with a gun mounted in Pickets have noticed a Jekyll he rear. We wonder though, and Hyde quality in Beighle's 'ust what it is that d r i v e s personality. In one moment eighle. The men and women he mightbe quietand softspo­ of the, picket line think he is ken with his f r i end s in the riven by desperation. They Sheriff's department, and the now him better than most and next moment he can be throw­ hey believe he responds to ing rocks at the pickets. 'maginary demons. A sworn statement states Beighle is the man whose that one morning he broke away signature brought Cesar Cha­ from his usually cold and un­ vez, E pHanio Camacho and the friendly attitude to approach a est of the Union into court to twe1ve year old girion the n s we r charges of violence picket line with the following nd harrassment. Union at­ words: "Couldn'tyo u do better orneys have separate sworn in bed than on a picket line? Why don't we meet somewhere statements concerning vi 0­ Chuck Beighle lence, threats of violence and tonight and find out?" lewd and suggestive behavior We are sure that his bark is on the part of the Giumarra worse than his bite.

\

After the trial was re­ set, Johnny Giumarra, a recent law school gradu­ Legal aide? ate acting as Quinlan's ~elper, rushed in late, Immaculately dressed in a dark blue suit. On February 27, when When informed of the UFWOC was hailed into judge's decision to post­ court to answer trumped­ pone the hearing, Giumar­ up charges filed by rito said to Quinlan (in Giumarra, the Judge'de­ a stage-whisper loud e­ cided to postpone the nough to be heard in the visitors' gallery), "You hearings until Chavez mean a guy can get out recovered from his long from under a criminal fast. charge by going on a JOhnny-Corne-Lately hunger strike?!" Giumarra was displeased. Quinlan attempted to Here's a report from' calm his youthful assist­ a reporter who was in ant. "It's all right,!" he said, "it's all right'.' the courtroom... Oblivious to Chavez's se-' rlous condition, young Giumarra pouted through the rest of the brief pro­ ceedings. "Junior" Giumarr; 14/EL

"HUELGA" ... THE FIRST 100 DAYS OF THE GREAT by E. Nelson DELANO- GRAPE STRIKE A thriliing account of the biggest farm strike since the thirties, now going on. This book, 160 pages with manyphotos, is one you'll want to keep. $1.50'eaCh

SOllGS OF THE F'ARM 1.JORKE? STRIKES BOOKS, POSTERS "VIVA LA REVOLUCION' IN DELANO AND TEXAS rcorridos, 45 rpm records, $1.00 HUELGAI by Nelson $1.50 each, plus 25¢ handlinpJ BASTA: photos CORRIDO DE DELANO $2.50 {The Story of the Strike Zapata Posters and march to Sacramento} S 1.50 RINCHES DE TEXAS {How the Texas Rangers broke the Melon St~ike} EL CARCEL DE RIO GRANDE ("The Rio Grande Jail" by ZAPATA Tony Orendain & the Texas Huelguistas) POSTER EL ESQUIROL--HUELGA EN Mark the items you want, and GENERAL send the money, plus .25 for 17" x:23" ("The Scab", "The General hand ling and pos tage, TO: Strike", by the TEATRO FARM WORKER PRESS. Box 130, 1 Black on Red CAMPESINO DELANO, CALIFORNIA 93215.

I .. ,' ~ ",'.' , ..... The boycott hurts SAN FRANCISCO,Feb. 26-­ fort formal and open rec-­ ,-.; iLA RAZA UHIDA! In its February meeting ognition by petitioninQ the Associated Farmers of Congress and the state California demanded new legislature. "LA RAZA UNIDA" laws to halt the boycott In a pre-fast interfiew Window Decals against scab grapes. with Cesar Chavez, the $1 each, 6 for $5 They aim to strip the UFWOC director said: farm worker of his right "Legal harrasment, gun­ INFERNO NEWSPAPER to inform the public. toting supervisors, frame Speaking 0 u t of the ups and direct violence 321 FRIO CITY RD. - CA 7·7124 other side of the Grow­ ~an by met by an increase SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS 711207 ers' mouth, Giumarra and in the boycott pressure. the other struck Delano "The researchers are ranchers 0 f ten try to now looking into the en~ KlJt~GA give the impression that tire Giumarra operation. tJb1. the "boycott is- a joke-­ "We are especially in _ C~()~ .~,qC-l' it doesn't hurt us at terested in their pota­ ! all! " toes and wi ne, but we Bay Area supporters of th6 Our research staff has could have an equally Farm Workers who shop at th6 known all alonQ exactly strong impact on other Co-ops can help the Union bb how badly the growers are fruits, cotton, and even stung by the boycott, but the oil wells which dot using the Huelga Co-op #47947. this is the first time their fields." they have given the ef-- Giumarra Gets Off E',asy Again!

If there was ever any The charges were lained just why the doubt that the law is brought by the Kern cases were continued for for the growers. with County district attor- most of- the year, or why penalties reserved for ney's office as long ago it took the D.A. himself he poor, that doubt was as August 15, 1967. When to go before the judge ~nded on March 11. The they came to trial, D.A. to personally make the courts, the District At­ Kit Nelson appeared as motions for dismissal. torney and the growers the "prosecutor," . and The public is left,to gave a clear denonstra­ John Giumarra, Jr. ap­ wonder over the fact tion of complete immuni­ peared. for the defense. that although Giumarra ty from the law. The two star nerfor­ had no defense and plead Gijumarra Vi~eyards mers left little to imp­ guilty to twenty-three ~orporation and six of rovisation. crimes, he never had to its supervisory agents Most of the charges pay a penny. ~reezed thro~gh the were based on the lack Any Giumarra picket courts in seven diff­ of sa~itarv facilities would. pay more of a fine rent actions invglving ,in the fields, the hir- for a broken tail light 64 criminal counts. The ing of children, and than was paid for all 64 verdict:"41 counts dis­ working minors beyond criminal charges. The ~issed~ 23 guilty. The the limits of the law. needle in the haystack pena 1ryon the' 23 amount The crimes were given to would be easier to find ed to fines of $1495. the D.A. for prosecution than justice for the ~nd the sentence was by the labor department. farm worker in the II. hen sus pen de d• It may never be exp- courts of Kern County. Kern County justice is a game between the growers and their of­ NlRA for Farm Workers ficials. Needs Help WASHINGTbN. D~C.--A 10 percent of the na- bill to extend National tion's farms and 50 per- Labor Relations Act co- cent of the farm workers verage to farm workers At present UFWOC is has finally passed the subjected to some of the House Education and La- restrictions of the NLRA bor Committee, chairman but none of the protec- Phil Burton (D-Cal.) an- tions. Coverage would nounced recently. mean the' ri!1ht to or!1a- The Republican members nize and join labor had boycotted the com- unions and the right to mittee meetings for se- collective bargaining veral weeks making a once a majority of the vote impossible. Signi- workers sign for the ficantly the bill was r union. It will elimi- voted out in the first nate the necessity for meeting following the long and bitter strikes announcement of the fast to gain simple recogni- of Cesar Chavez. tion as a bargaining a- The bill. H.R. 4769, gent. now goes to the floor of Petitions urging\fi- Congress where it could nal passage of the rnea- easily be trampled. sure are being circula- Passage demands full ted by the Citizens for attention and support of Farm Labor. a California all friends of the farm based organization sym- worker, Union officials pathetic to the Cause. j state. They ask that Anne Draper, secre- you write your congress- tary for the group, no- man while you are think- ted that persons holding tng about the problem. the petitidns ought to ~Under H.R. 4769 NLRA bring them to Delano on coverage would go to all Easter Sunrlay, when many C~()~ ~,q&.4'! farms with more than 12 visitors are expected. J' Bay Rrea supporters of th~ workers and more than They can be mailed to Farm Workers who' shop at the $10,000 annual labor P.O. Box 1173, Berkeley CO-OP$ can heLp the Union b cost. This applies to she noted.' , :using' the lIueLga Co-op 1147947< "BASTA:" ("Enoush"), The Tale of Our "HUELGA:" The First 100 ~ of the Struggle. Engl,sh ano--SpanTsh-rext. Great Delano-Grape StrTKe,~ rugene Photos by Geo~ge Ballis. 'ffe'1'S'On • "Basta:" i~ a unique book, a photo­ "HUELGA:" by Eugene Nelson remains the graphic essay on the battle for diq­ finest account yet published on the niti in the fields of California. The early days of the Delano Grape Strike. text is from the historic Plan of De­ Nelson was a picket line Captain (and lano, the proclamation of the farm later led the Union drive to orqanize workers which was read at the rallies the melon fields of Texas) and writes as farm workers marched froM Delano with intimate knowledge'of the origins to Sacramento in 1966. There is an and beginnings of the strike. Nelson introduction by Cesar Chavez. The also includes a brief biography and photographer, George Ballis, has speAt interviews with Cesar Chavez and oth~r his life in the San Joaquin Valley. Union leaders, and a history of the He is ~ sensitive artist, in the tra­ National Farm Workers Association, the dition of Dorothea Lanoe, who truly predecessor of the United Farm Workers captures the spirit of the Movement. Organizing Com~ittee. $2.00 160 pages~ with illustrations by George Ballis. In English only. $1.50. ~- ~ BLACK AND RED WALL POSTER, 11" x 23", 'of Emi1iano· Zapata, with the banner headline, "V1VA LA REVOLUCION". Za­ VIVA LA pata was the hero of the Mexican Revo­ lution, who led the peasant.s Of, Cen­ tral Mexico in their struggles for REVOLUCION land and liberty. $1.50, plus 2'59 handling. 5 copies for $5.00

"EL ESQUIROL" ("THE STRIKEBREAKER") "HUELGA EN GENERAL" ("THE GENERAL STRIKE")~ 45 rD~ record. Two of the finest sonqs to come out of the Delano Grape Strike, sunq by the Teatro Camr~sino, the Farm Worker Theater, Auqustin lira, Luis Valdez, David Alaniz, and Danny Valdez. $1.00~ plus 109 handlinp.

HUELGA~ by Nelson $1.50 NAME _ BASTA: photos $2.50 ADDRESS _ Zapata Posters Sl.50 CIT Y STATE _ EL ESQUIROL--HUELGA EN GENERAL . Make Checks payabZe to the United ("The Scab", "The General Farm Workers~ Box 130, DeZano~ Ca Strike", by the TEATRO CAMPESINO) EL MALCRIADO, April 1. 1968/3 Kennedy Chooses Chavez dELANO, March 19--Cesar Chavez added his name to the slate of delegates pledged to Robert F. Kennedyfor the upcoming national convention of the Democratic party after an emergency meeting of UFWOC leaders voted unanimously to approve the action. . On Tuesday, March 19, a 5 p. m. phone call from Kennedy requesting Chavez as a delegate set the emergency in motion. The deadline for filing was immediate, and either response, to accept, or reject the Kennedy offer would place the union on the spot. Chavez called union ·officers, department heads and ranch committeemen together to hammer out the issue. The decision was a personal one, but Chavez stated "If I accept, the press and the public will see it as an endorsement by the union" CHAVEZ "IfI don't they will see itas· an act against Kennedy. We cannot decidean endorsementor non endorsement. Every union member must be able to vote on that. "I want you to think about it, discuss it and decide it. Your deCision will be my instructions, but I will expect every single one of us to stick with the majority decision come what may. "We will be in a fight together and that fight will demand work. " It took three hours for the 85 people to decide that Cesar Chavez shouldbe National Convention Delegate for Kennedy, and that the union should startan immediate massive voter registra­ tion campaign. The unanimous vote marked the first time in history that a presi.deI!tlal candidate asked a farm worker to serve in such a capacity. -For three hours Washington waited for the farm workers' decision in Delano. KENNEDY The request came soon after Kennedy visited Delano on March 10. ''''''1. ~'1AUI:.RA • "4' 4/EL MALCRIADO, April 1, 1968 Wirtz Bows

tionals to be used as strike but Sisk, an anti-UFWOC con­ breakers in agriculture. gressman, called the meeting FRESNO, March 23 -- The The meetingwas held in the "very satisfactory and very son g and dan c e of Senator office of Congressman B. FA constructive". The Agricul­ George Murphy set the stage (f r ie n d of the farm worker) tural Labor Bureau spokesman for a performance by Labor Sisko (a rancher outfit), termed the Secretary Willard Wirtz. Representatives of grower meeting "very productive". Murphy accused W ir tz of groups and their congressmen ELMALCRIADO SAYS: Our making California "an experi­ were present to pi' e s s ur e understanding is that Presi­ mental laboratory for com­ Wirtz into letting down all bp.rs dent Johnson's se cretary of la­ plete farm organization, ir­ against importing scabs from bor is supposed to see to it that respective of' the desires of Mexico. the rights of labor are protec­ OUR FARM WOItKERS" (sic). Wirtz performed for 45 mi­ ted, but judging from all the The issue was whether or nutes. There is no record of applause he received, Wirtz not the labor departmentwould any concrete comtnittments' must have bowed to the gro- " allow green card Mexican na- made by the labor secretary, wers quite a· bit.

They're monkeying with the farm worker labor force again. The bracero program wasn't· bad enough and the green card commuter program is not enough of a depressant to wages and Monkeyshines in conditions. Don Smith, animal psycho­ logi s t, i s tryi ng totr ai n m0 nkey sand apes to do harvesting. He claims that the applications of his training for agriculture "are vir­ the fields tually unlimited." Smith plans to by Fred Hirsch start experiments soon in· strawberry picking. ' Wouldn't the monkeys eat up all the profits? Smith replies, "Of course they would if-you let them." The an­ swer is to train the monkeys properly, using rewards instead of punishment. "This works in reverse too. If you feed strawberries to monkeys, all they can eat, for four or five days before sending them into the berry patches, they won't eat another strawberry as long as they live." Funny they should think of offering rewa rds to monkeys. All the growe rs ever think of giving to the farmworker is punishment. There are even reports of Giumarra workers who have been fired after they were caught eating a grape. Some growers who go "ape" over such a program might be in for a surprise. It is not unlikely that some baboon will notice that the harvesting is hard work. and once they have their grip on the industry they will surely find that there is less effort or in­ "Short of hands, telligence needed to Slt in a ranche swivel chair. Some unexpected re- I've got four. • ." placements might be in order. EL MALCRIADO. Aprl1 1. 1968/5

Governor ROll a.l d Reagan visited Parlier two weeks ago to inspect the government's latest "anti-poverty" project­ in Fresno County. The Governor visited the Parlier Migrant Farm Labor Camp, a collection of 125 tiny "wooden - boxes", box - t YPe houses on Academy Avenue, for which farm workers are supposed to be grateful. "Instant slums" is how one worker described the shacks,_ crowded together in an almost treeless, g r ass 1 e s s area. Workers must have a -letter of recomendation from their gro­ wer bosses before they are allowed to live in such luxury. Reagan was met by a crowd of about 200 people, most of them Fresno County farm wor­ kers. They urged Reagan to visit La Colonia de Parlier, or other real farm worker com­ munities. But Reagan said he was too busy. Many farm workers carried signs, such as "Kennedy for PreSident", "Chavez for Go­ vernor~', and "Reagan, go back to Hollywood. " Poor Ronnie. Every time he goes to visit -Celebrating the second the poor people. he anniversary of the his­ gets into trOUble. Easter toric march to Sacra­ Here he is shown in mento, a sunrise serv­ Parlier with Fresno ice at the Forty Acres, County Housing Au­ followed b y a pot-luck _ thority director pi cnic at Lake Wool­ FerquS CaMbern (left). • lomes are planned for In Easter Sunday in Dela­ no. Member s, friends of the Union an d guests are invited to bring "a Delano _little more than enougH' food for their families to contribute to the pic­ nic and swimming gear, and to s h are t his day with us. 6/EL MALCRIAD.O, April lb 19'68 Our local news~aper in Delano'is the Record. It frequently carries a column called "As I See It" by one George B. Keyzers. We don't happen to know Mr. Keyzers) but if that's how he sees it) we sug~est he find someone to cure his myopia. An example: "I'm goin~ to get me some followers--all farmers-­ and we're goin~ to r.et us a banner. It'll be a bi~ banner with an empty pocket sewn on it. "And we'll start marchinR. "Palm Sprin~s would be a nice place. It's not too far) and it's nice and warm sittin~ in the sun there. Swimming pools) too." Our Well, George, you're right, you know. It would be nicer to march to Palm Springs than to Sacranento. And if we could find someone to do our work for us, we'd probably join you. That is, if sweaty workers are allowed to go to such places. In the Record for March 26, George had this to say: local "I think that if I'm going to carry anything at all it would be a hoe. "Thought maybe we'd chop a little cotton along the way. "Make a few bucks • "Reuther's $50,000 will be nice to have, but heck . funny Walter, we're willing to help. You don't have to do it ALL." Reading how George sees it, we get the feeling that he figures the Farm Workers Union is some kind of fraud, but if he had any coura~e, he'd say what he papers thinks ••.if he does think••• We admit that he's had only three years to examine us, and looking around Delano) at. our spacious air­ conditioned offices) our fleet of late-model cars, our high salaries, and our sumotous cuisine, he probably figures we are eettin~ rich from La Causa. You see, George's thinking is so outmoded, he probably figures a '48 Chevy is the latest car on the market. -- But let's turn to the Bakersfield Californian, a "big-town sheet" by Kern County standards. Now the Californian recently ran a letter to the editor under the banner "Labels Chavez and His Union 'The Biggest. Fake' ". Who labels Caavez a fake? No telling. He doesn t have the int~stin~l fortitude to sign his name. Now the letter w~iter does sign himself "A FARM LABORER. " Some exerpts from his letter: "A laborer is a laborer, just like a dog is a dog, and you can't change ~ into something they're not." (Underlining ours.) The letter (March 19) page 18) also included this little statement: "The union isn't made up of farm workers. It's' made up of hippies, street walkers, bums and college students." Pretty unsavory combination, if you ask me. Es­ pecially the last category. A university education certainly is a shameless thing. Donald Harrell Fritts is the executive editor of the Californian. I'm the managing editor of the MALCRIADO, and I make it a practice of reading every­ thing in the paper before we print it. Perhaps Mr. Fritts does the same. Berenice Chipman Fritts is the president of the Californian. I wonder if it isn't she who chose this quotation, which appears on the same page: "Thoughts for Today": ••• "Who does not slander with his tongue, and does no evil to hi~ friend) nor take up a reproach against his neighbor?--Psalms 15:3." Seems like nobody any more. . George and Donald: if you have some specific charges, make them. Innuendo is a coward's game. '- ....I. --David M. Fishlow EL MALCRIADO. April 1. 1968/7 Rent Strike

LOREDO ESPINOZA Wins

fied front and demonstrated to the settlementof the strike, is a'iter two year s and ten them that we had the active now ready to roll. months the Woodville-Linnell support of all kinds of people , The final agreement between rent strike is won. The farm all over the country, " he said. the strikers and the Housing worker families stuck by their "We really had very little Authority determined that guns, showing their strength physical strength. What they 1. No striker will be dis­ and patience until the end of feared was the moral strength criminated against in the new the' 34-month battle with the of the' whole movement of or­ housing. Tulare County Housing Autho­ ganized farm workers. " 2. The old ho using will rity (TCHA). The rent strike started in stand until the families can According to Ernesto Lore­ May of 1965 with a demonstra,­ move into the new project. do, spokesman for the l' e n t tion in front of the TCHA in 3. None of the back rent in­ strike for the'last two years" Visalia. In July the strikers crease will be' paid by those "They had us beaten several hada six-mile march from the who were on strike. times, but because the people Linnell Camp to the office of 4. The new rent will be $20 were tough we were able to l the BoardofSupervisors which per month, lowering the rent force the hand of the Authority. was joined by people from all for even the tenants who were "We have shown them that over the state including some not on strike. farm workers are not weak clergymen. 5. There will·be no evic­ just bee a use we are 'poor. In the beginning there were tions even though the Authority When we stick together for a about 200 rent strikers who. has the legal right to evict the single goal, we have a power refused to pay a rent increase strikers. equal to any. The TCHA has from $18 to $25 a month. -:rhey The two camps were built the backing of the growers, the set up a bank accountand col­ in 1938 as free farm worker county government, the backing lected rents at the old rate. housing by the federal govern­ of the state and federal govern­ None of this rent money was ment. They were planned as ments, but just a small orga ­ paid to the Authority until after temporary housing, costin g nized group of huelguista farm the final settlementthis March. $100 apiece to build. After ten workers were able 'to demand The rent strike brought the years the camps were leased Our rights and win. " attention of the, Federal gover­ to a growers' association for El Malcriado asked Pablo nment, which drew up plansfor $1 a year. The growers char­ Espinoza, second in command a $1. 2 mill ion replacement ged up to $5 a week per unit. on the rent strike, how they housing project, which, with In 1950 the Feds turned the won. t'lWe showed them a uni- operation over to the TCHA who started building up profits on the rents. They have con­ tin~ed profiteering until the rent strike, It is impossible to say how long they would have exploited farm workers iithe people had not organized. For 15 years they continued to gouge rents for the single room tin shacks -withoutwindows, inside water or toilets. The TCHA kept piling. up profits even though the units were condemned by the health department with more than 51 violations of the local codes" "We may have never won without the legal help of Gary Bellow, attorney for the Cali­ fornia Rural LegalAssistance Woodville labor camp. Program, " Loredo noted. 8/El MAlCRIADO, April 1, 1968

Non-violence and your vote

~ orgallized farm workers we are non-violent. We have said this by the thousands in our support of the union at the Bakersfield courthouse last month. We have shown it ten thousand strong at the fiesta ending Cesar Chavez' fast. It's time We express the power of non-violence in the benefits of our contracts. In Delano we continue the daily picketline despite the arms and provacations of Giumarra. Dear Mr, Chavez: We live in a world of viole"nce. '1n the cities, police violence I am a farm hand with a against the people is standard. family and live in Santa The low pay, long hours, lack, of sanitation and child labor in Ana. We certainly are in the fields does violence to our lives and dignity. need of a farm union down The Texas grower in the White House continues to escalate here as we still receive only Sl.40 per hour: violence against the farm workers of Vietnam, using our sons You have been doing a to kill and be killed. great job up there around De I ano fo r I've been read­ ing about y~u nearly every day. I f we had more men We use our strengthas a union against the moral and physical of your tenacity and pur­ posefulness we would all violence of the growers. We do so with some success. be better off. I heartily If we really believe in non-violence we must use every tool commend you on your action we have to reshape the 'violence with which we are faced. We through non-violence. I have a basic non-violent weapon in the vote. bel ieve sincerely that you It can be, used to limit or end the violence which is done to us. are beginning to, give the It can be used to make our lives into happier lives, to make the farm hand not only encour­ lives of our children lives better than our own. agement but a chance for better I iving. I hope Cesar Chavez has said, "They have the power and they have sometime in the future you the money, but they are the few and we are the many." This is can find time to come down true, but they also know the power of the ballot and they use it. here and help us in this When the rich and the growers use the ballot they use it to area--we are in a section shape the world the way they want it to be. They use it to put 30 mi les south of Los An­ men in power who will keep our kids in the fields and out of the geles, next to Newport schools, who will keep us struggling just to keep a roof over our Beach in Orange County. The farmers in this heads and beans on the table. area seem to think it is still the old Bracero Era and still treat the work­ ers I ike dogs--wlthout be­ ~ nefits at all--pressurlng can use the vote to change our lives. We can use the vote them unmercifully and dol­ more powerfully than the rich because there are more of us. ing out as little wage as Up till now {arm w'brkers and other poor people like us have they can. never registered to vote. It's a pitiful situa­ Because we have not used the vote the men in power have been tion here and I am sure able to laugh us off and we have had only a weak voice. it is time for unions and Even if the ca,ndidates of the farm workers fail to win, our the U. S. government to take a hand in this deplo­ votes will put even the worst official on notice that he'd better rable situation and make watch out the second time around. We will have a voice which things bearable and equit­ is listened to and respected. able. If we are to win with non-violence we must use the vote. We I'm sure you agree witb must register to vote, and we must be sure that all our friends, me. neighbors, co-workers, relatives and compadresare registered Sincerely, an admirer, to vote. WILLIAM C. LISCHER Your vote is one of the strongest weapons of non-violence. Santa Ana, Calif. You will be defenseless on election day if you do not register. March 16, 1968 EL MALCRIADO, April 1, 1968/9 Man's Pride

by F. Ricardo Gomez

~ong days of loneliness, and plight Stinking brown sweat filtering through a mass of uncut hair: . Entering sheepishly into the corners of my red, sun-swollen eyes Enduring the f:urning,itching se.nsations so as not to break my rhythm nor my stride Unable to break t~e ~ypnotic sp~Zl Developed to black-out the boiling sun, and forget the years of stooping-- - Like a loyal hound, instinctively my rough, calloused hands, search for #1's amidst" a field of ripened pumpkins. I hear grower s convincing each other as I near the tractor These people want no other kind of work They Were born to wander, to live and die happily wrestling fruits from stems and vines- Reacting. invisibly to the outsiders in camp-­ Wondering why and what they offered in exchange to photograph our lives-- Others talk of escaping our chains of coolie wages-­ Through a strike-- Listening at first, because I know I wear trousers that once belonged to one of them-- I see my son in winter clothes in July-- I try to understand their talk of opportunities AlMlough none had ever come-- Except to some-- Crew le"aders-- My fear is soon replaced by rage; As I see others like myself long denied ths right to live Like other human beings~ So "often are trapped by accepting superfioial contracts And grower advice-- I join in a Huelga-- I am still stooping and sweating in the sun But now I have pride I am now paid as a man Gone are the days of the timid, trained hound My child will not understand lO/EL MALCRIADO. April 1. 1968

Al Kistler and Ed Haines. Asst. Dir­ ectors of Organiz­ ation of the AFL­ CIO. lead workshop in Delano.

AFL·CIO Org,anizers Focus on UFWOC

The entire' organizational staff of the AFL­ ther. Many feelings were hurt and in the CO,llrse CIO in the western states zeroed in on Delano of the process, healed again. recently for a three-day workshop conference Kistler and Haynes have both been in organi­ on organizing. The conclave began the day fol­ zing activity for about thirty years. They pitted lowing the massive fiesta in Delano Merr.orial their combined know how against the more than Park. 400 combined years of farm work experience in Larry Itliong, assistant director of UFWOC, the room. The result was an amazing learning introduced Ed Haynes and Alan Kistler to lead experience for each participant, including the the workshop. Kistler and Haynes are assis­ teachers. tants to Bill Kircher, Director of organizing On the last day of the 'workshop all the out of nationally for the AFL-CIO. town organizers were shown around the Delano The first day's session was a rapid fire-give strike area. and take on "How to build a strong union with That night in a general membership meeting wliat you have." Included in the discussions Larry ItHong introduced the AFL-CIO organi­ were the entire organizing staff and all the of­ zers who spoke for a few minutes on their im­ ficers of UFWOC. pressions of and their commitment to theDelano Every participantwas given a chance to voice strike. his ideas on what elements were necessary for According to Itliong, "Thesebrothers and sis­ putting together a successful union. A list was ters are the people who are most responsible compiled and each item was explored in depth for the support we have gotten from the unions. by the entire group. Not only' have they organized support for us and During the discussion absolutely .nd'thing was the boycott, over the years of our strike they taken for granted. Every idea presented was have given us over thirty thousand dollars out of torn apart and then carefully pieced back toge- their own pockets. " Blood 'bank serves mern1bers The United Farm Wor- in the Union contributed or a member of your fam~ -kers Organizing Commit­ their blood into the ily is sick and needs tee has established a· blood bank. so there was blood. tell your local "Blood Bank" for its no charge for the Penas. doctor or hospital that members. Anyone who has Union member Miguel Man­ you are a Union member ever had a serious inju­ zano of Delano has been and that the United Farm ry or sickness knows the quite sick and is in Workers Blood Bank will high cost of blood ($25 Springville Hospital. reimburse their hospital a pint) if needed for He has needed several for the blood needed or transfusions. The Union transfusions. The Farm used. Then inform the members contribute blood Workers Blood Bank has Roger Terronez Clinic into the .bank. ·Then. ,provided the blood. Box 671,. Delano. phone when a member needs some If you are a Union 725-1281. The nurse at blood. it is available. member in Napa. Hollis­ the clinic will give you at no cost. ter. Livingston. Fresno. any other information Last year Lupe Pena. Tulare or Kern County. that you need. The cli­ a member. was very sick. in Texas. or anywhere ~ nic will arrange to pay and needed many trans­ the U. S.. you can use your hospital -for the fusions. Her brothers the blood bank. If you. blood you used. continued on page 11 EL MALCRIADO. April 1. 1968/11 CTM cooperates Caratan

TIJUANA, March 13 -- The "g r e e n car d s" because they elected Confederacion de Trabajado­ know that if the present situa­ Milan Caratan. of the res Mexicanos (CTM), the na­ tion continues, U. S. un ion s multi-millionaire Cara­ tional labor federation of Me­ tan family of Delano and will have to apply pressure to Richgrove. has been e­ xico held a regional meeting close the border to all people lected Chairman of the here today to take its first step who m i...g h t undermine union California Table Grape to put a stop to strikebreaking standards. " Commission. by "green card" migrants. in After two and a half hours of This Commission was the U. S. he ate d discussion the CTM supposed to help small The meeting was arranged meeting ended with a unani­ qrape growers solve some by Domingo Garcia Ulloa, In­ of their problems and mous vote in support of the re­ get better prices for ternational Co ordinator for solution. their grapes. CTM in cooperation with Hec­ But the Caratans seem tor Reyes and Fred Martinez to be the kind of grow­ of the United Farm Workers ers who think that the Organizing Committee. The wav to solve the "farm meeting marked a new kind of BLOOD BANK pr~blem" is to keen the international labor cooperation wages as low as possible Continued from page 10 and keen the farm work­ on an issue of vital concern to ers in poverty. union members on both sides' The small nrowers will <\f the border. It is also important never get organized if Spearheading the action for for Union members to they let the big growers a resolution caning for "active contribute blood to the and this type of 19th and full coo per a t ion with blood bank. so that it century thinking domi­ UFWOC to keep Mexican farm will have enough blood nate their Grane Commis­ workers from scabbing in the for any emergency. sion. If you are healthy. The small growers U. S. ", were Roberto Luevano, you should contribute need a union; to protect General Secretary of the CTM blood at least once or them frpm the qig grow­ Central Council in Tijuana, and tvdce a year. ers and to help them get his brother Evangelino Lueva­ Go in to the Houchin fair prices for their no, CTM General Secretary Community Blood Bank. produce from the big for Baja California. 2601 "G" St.. Bakers­ canning companies. dis­ TV and newspaper un ion field. California. and tributors. and buyers. leaders made a special point to tell the nurse that you They ouqht to orga­ are from the Un~ted Farm nize . against those insert wording in the resolu­ Workers and that you~ qroups which are taking tion which would call for a want to donate to the unfair advantage of them thorough campaign of educa­ Union blood bank. Or and not aqainst the poor tion and pu blicity onth e issue call the Clinic for in­ farm workers who are to be carried out both inside formation on how you can even wor.se off than they the unions and in the mass me­ qonate. are. dia. According to Fred Martinez, UFWOCorganizer in San Ysid­ ro, "Many of the 250 delegates present were quite interested i~ finding ways to place penal­ lA M(XICANA ties and sanctions on any CTM members who were identified Bakeries as scabs on U. S. ranches. "The CTM people want to THREE LOCATIONS TO SERVE YOU IN KERN COUNTY continue the greencard pro­ g ram because it introduces U. S. dollars into their very DELANO BAKERSFIELD \~AScb depressed ec'onomy, and 407-1lth Ave. 630 Baker St. 1000 "F" St. serves as a relief valve for an 725-9178 323-4294 758-5774 ofte n overwhelming problem of unemployment. egg bread and pastries "As trade unionists, CTM all kinds of donuts leaQ~r s want to curtail any french bread cakes for all occasions strikebreaking, but they are particularly interested in the " 1968....------.... 'Health & vve'lfare

UFVVOC officials are hopeful that details of the Union's "Health andVV elfare Fund" program will be worked out before harvests begin in July, according to UFWOC negotiations director Dolo­ res Huerta. Marshall Ganz, assistant director of negotia­ tions, told EL MALCRIADO recently that one of the principal difficulties in setting up the health insurance program has been the resistance of Itliong' the growers to the ,idea of a single program for sues all Union members. Under. tlW contracts negotiated by UFVVOC Larry Itliong, assistant di­ during th~"ast two years, employers contribute rector of the Un it e d Farm from five' fo ten cents per hour per worker for VVorkers and a leader of the the fund, over and above wages paid. Filipino community in Cali­ During the peak work season, approximately fornia, is suing the John Birch $5.40 a week f6r each worker is, paid into the Society and its founder, Rob­ fund. . . ert VVelch, for $2,000,000. Some employers have argued for separate In June, 1966, the Birchers programs, stating they preferred to set up a . and their newspaper accused separate fund for each ranch of the company. Itliong of being affiliated with the Communist Party. A John Noting the high expense of administrating the Birch Society booklet, called many separate programs, Union members and "The Grapes", is full of such officials have insisted that a single fund be set absurd charges.. up. :rhe trial of the Birchers Eventually to be included in the program will was moved to L. A. last month be hospitaland sickness insurance, pensions for and Itliong is hopeful thatjils­ retired workers, and insurance for workers in­ tice will be achieved. jured and unable to work. Meanwhile, Union attorney The advantages of such a program over wel­ Jerry Cohen has indicated that fare and other governmenthand-outs are obvious, he may soon launch a series Mrs. Huerta pointed out. of new libel suits against va­ "If separate pr ograms are setupat each rancq rious Delano and Bakersfield much of the money available for worker benefits area women and a BakersfieId will be eaten up by administrators' salaries, By radio station for continuously prOViding a single plan, more money will be telling liesabout the Union, 'its available to help the workers, " she said. members, and its leaders. Almaden Ranchworkers in Hollister, Califor­ VVhenever poor people' try nia, recently wrote to the company urging the to improve themselves, some employers to cooperate in the speedy completion begin screaming "Commies !". of details so the funci can begin operation. The Union has been red­ baited for three years. Then UFVVOC offiCials have also pointed out that the charge became "violence." separate programs for each ranch would' mean Itliong's suit maybe instru­ that the Union would have to pay for insurance. mental in teaching responsi­ By combining all the programs into a single one, bility to some of the "accu­ enough workers will be covered for the fund to sers." be operated independently, without the need to /~-' pay an insurance company. ----t Ganz told a'Delano membership meeting on Thursday, March 21, that negotiations with the SUaSt~liE employers would continue during the next couple [~ ~~te.R'~bO of weeks. ., a.~O/YQAft..· - EL MALCRIADO, April 1,1968/13 They Won It · They Get It The asparagus harvest is in full swing at the farm workers in California had this, I think. " huge DiGiorgio Ranch in Arvin and Lamont, south Farm workers are excluded from the unem­ of Bakersfield, according to UFWOC represen­ ployment insurance law. When they are laid off tative Mack Lyonso --no moneyo .• Lyons reports that over 200 workers are em­ In other industries, employers pay a certain ployed at the ranch at present, the largestgroup amount of money per week per worker to the beingasparagus pickerso The workers.are get­ State Unemployment Insurance fund. ting 68~, 75~ or $10 00 a box, on a piece rate ba­ Then, if some of the workers get laid off, they sis, in the asparagus, he said. can collect unemployment benefits because they There is some discussion over whether. the are covered by this insuranceo But growers workers want piece rate wages (as the company don't have to contri.bute for their workers, so prefers), or an hourly, or hourly plus bonus rate, farm workers are not protected by this insurance so the scale may be changed in the near future, program. Lyons noted. When the workers won a contract with DiGior­ Butfor the hundreds of DiGiorgio workers who gio, the Union demanded that DiGiorgio pay his would not get work this winter, there was also workers unemployment insurance. If a worker good news. For perhaps the first time in his­ earns $880 during a three-month period, he will tory, farm workers protected by the Union con­ be el igible for unemployment insurance benefits. tract were·getting unemployment insurance. Workers who worked for DiGiorgio last sum­ It was not much, only $32 to $45 a week, but mer in the harvests are now receiving theiie un­ even that means a lot during the winter ~ employment benefits. This is not welfare. This "The workers ate very proud of this, " said is a benefit that Union members have won and Lyons. "They realize this is po s sib1e only earned! That's where the $3. 50 UFWOC

EDUVIGES LUGO MACK LYONS AND FAMILY 14/EL MALCRIADO. April 1. 1968

Public defender

EAKERSFIELD, March 20-­ office that there are not enough KecentLy a member of the The Board of Supervisors have lawyers to handle the cases of United Farm Workers ranafoul instructedKern County Attor­ the many poor people who need of the law in Gilroy, having neyRalph B. Jordan to write a help. been arrested on a traffic vio­ new law establishing a public What happens is t ha t the lation. defender's office. person who gets into trouble His btothers inthe field took According to published re­ spend.s hours and hou~s wait­ up a collection toraise the bail. ports, the new office is suppo­ ing to see the representative money, The man did not have . sed to be open on July L of the public defender's office, .a steady job; his wife was preg­ The public defender's office has to fi 11 out long applications, nant; there were several small is a "s e r vic e" provided by swear thathe has nothing worth children in the family, many counties to the poor, selling and nowhere to borrow After he was bailed out, he The purpose of the office is to the money for a lawyer, asked if he could see the putlic provide free legal service and After all the humiliationand defender in Santa Clara County. lawyers to poor people who get time lost from work, .the per­ The lady at the court said to into trouble with the law and son usually gets only the sket­ come back in two hours, cannot afford to pay an attor­ chiest help. The overworked After sitting outside on the ney. lawyer has on ly a few minutes lawn for two hours, the man In many cases, however, the to spend on each case, and can came back. counties provide so little mo­ only prmride a minimum of ad­ . He waited another half an ney to run the public defender's vice. hour, and then they told him that he couldn't see the lawyer - -he would have to go to San Jose, 50 miles from his home, the following day. He went to San Jose, missing the chance to work that day, and after spending six hours in the public defender's office, they told him they would not help him. If you figure the time lost from work at $15,00, and the transportation at $3.00, plus the time of the UFWOC inter­ preter who accompanied him to San Jose, you can see that the public defender actually cost the manabout$40, 00, and gave him qo help at all.

:::e:L MALCRIADO SAYS: We hope that the Kern County pub­ lic defender's office will not be as bad as the Santa Clara of­ fice. Iffarm workers made decent wages, they could take care of ~heir own legal problems. Instead of creating new in­ adequate hand-outs, public of­ ficials should concentrate on raising the wages paid to farm workers,