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Bharat Ratna REPUBLIC DAY HONOURS AND AWARDS Bharat Ratna harat Ratna and other national honors and awards are presented on the Republic B Day in recognition of exceptional and distinguished services of high order in any field. From 1993 to 1996, the country’s highest civilian awards such as Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, and Padma Shri were not presented on the Republic Day. The decision not to present the civilian awards in 1994 was taken in view of the petitions pending in various courts questioning the advisability of conferring of such awards and the Supreme Court’s stay proceedings on those petitions. These awards were restored by the Supreme Court in December 1995. Bharat Ratna award is given for exceptional work for the advancement of art, literature and science, and in recognition of public service of the highest order. The decoration is in the form of a peepal leaf, about 5.8 cm long, 4.7 cm wide and 3.1 mm thick. It is of toned bronze. On its obverse is embossed a replica of sun, 1.6 cm in diameter, below which the words” Bharat Ratna” are embossed in Hindi. On the reverse are State emblem and the motto, also in Hindi. The emblem, the sun and the rim are of platinum. The inscriptions are in burnished bronze. The first three recipients of Bharat Ratna were Dr. S. Radhakrishnan., C. Raja Gopalachari and C.V. Raman in 1954, while Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was the first foreigner to be honoured with this award in 1987. BHARAT RATNA AWARDEES Year Name 1954 Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888-1975) 1954 Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari (1878-1972) 1954 Dr. Chandrasekhar Venkat Raman (1888-1970 1955 Dr. Bhagwan Das (1869-1964) 1955 Dr. Mokshagundam Visweswaraiah (1861-1962) 1955 Jawaharlal Nehru (1889-1964) 1957 Govind Ballabh Pant (1887-1961) 1958 Dr. Dhondo Keshave Karve (1858-1962) 1961 Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy (1882-1962) 1961 Purushotham Das Tandon (1882-1962) 1962 Dr. Rajendra Prasad (1884-1963) 1963 Dr. Zakir Hussain (1897-1969) 1963 Dr. Pandurang Vaman Kane (1880-1972) 1966 Lal Bahadur Shastri (Posthumous) (1904-1966) 1971 Mrs. Indira Gandhi (1917-1984) 1975 Varahagiri Venkata Giri (1884-1980) 1976 Kumaraswami Kamaraj (Posthumous) (1903-1975) 1980 Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu (Mother Teresa) (1910-1997) 1983 Acharya Vinoba Bhave (Posthumous)(1895-1982) 1987 Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1890-1988) 1988 Morudu Gopalan Ramachandran(Posthumous) (1917-1987) 1990 Dr. Bhim Rao, Ramji Ambedkar (Posthumous) (1891-1956) Year Name 1990 Dr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Birth 1918) 1991 Rajiv Gandhi (Potsthumous) (1944-1991) 1991 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel (Posthumous) (1875-1950) 1991 Morarji Ranchhodji Desai (1896-1995) 1992 Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (Posthumous) (1888-1958) 1992 Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhai Tata (1904-1993) 1992 Satyajit Ray (1922-1992) 1997 Mrs. Aruna Asaf Ali (Posthumous) (1909-1906) 1997 Gulzari Lal Nanda (Posthumous) (1898-1997) 1997 Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (Birth 1931) 1998 Madurai Shanmukahvadivu Subbulakshmi (1916-2004) 1998 Chidambaram Subramaniam (1910-2000) 1999 Loknayak Jayaprakash Narayan (Posthumous) (1902-1979) 1999 Prof. Amartya Sen (Birth 1933) 1999 Pandit Ravi Shankar (Birth 1920) 1999 Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoli (Posthumous) (1890-1950) 2001 Ustad Bismillah Khan (1916-2006) 2001 Sushri Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar (Birth 1929) 2002 None 2003 None 2004 None 2005 None 2006 None 2007 None 2008 Pandit Bhimsen Joshi, Hindustani Vocalist (Birth 1922) .
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