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Tor Wager Diana L
Tor Wager Diana L. Taylor Distinguished Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences Dartmouth College Email: [email protected] https://wagerlab.colorado.edu Last Updated: July, 2019 Executive summary ● Appointments: Faculty since 2004, starting as Assistant Professor at Columbia University. Associate Professor in 2009, moved to University of Colorado, Boulder in 2010; Professor since 2014. 2019-Present: Diana L. Taylor Distinguished Professor of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Dartmouth College. ● Publications: 240 publications with >50,000 total citations (Google Scholar), 11 papers cited over 1000 times. H-index = 79. Journals include Science, Nature, New England Journal of Medicine, Nature Neuroscience, Neuron, Nature Methods, PNAS, Psychological Science, PLoS Biology, Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Nature Reviews Neurology, Nature Medicine, Journal of Neuroscience. ● Funding: Currently principal investigator on 3 NIH R01s, and co-investigator on other collaborative grants. Past funding sources include NIH, NSF, Army Research Institute, Templeton Foundation, DoD. P.I. on 4 R01s, 1 R21, 1 RC1, 1 NSF. ● Awards: Awards include NSF Graduate Fellowship, MacLean Award from American Psychosomatic Society, Colorado Faculty Research Award, “Rising Star” from American Psychological Society, Cognitive Neuroscience Society Young Investigator Award, Web of Science “Highly Cited Researcher”, Fellow of American Psychological Society. Two patents on research products. ● Outreach: >300 invited talks at universities/international conferences since 2005. Invited talks in Psychology, Neuroscience, Cognitive Science, Psychiatry, Neurology, Anesthesiology, Radiology, Medical Anthropology, Marketing, and others. Media outreach: Featured in New York Times, The Economist, NPR (Science Friday and Radiolab), CBS Evening News, PBS special on healing, BBC, BBC Horizons, Fox News, 60 Minutes, others. -
Measuring the News and Its Impact on Democracy COLLOQUIUM PAPER Duncan J
Measuring the news and its impact on democracy COLLOQUIUM PAPER Duncan J. Wattsa,b,c,1, David M. Rothschildd, and Markus Mobiuse aDepartment of Computer and Information Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; bThe Annenberg School of Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; cOperations, Information, and Decisions Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; dMicrosoft Research, New York, NY 10012; and eMicrosoft Research, Cambridge, MA 02142 Edited by Dietram A. Scheufele, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Susan T. Fiske February 21, 2021 (received for review November 8, 2019) Since the 2016 US presidential election, the deliberate spread of pro-Clinton articles.” In turn, they estimated that “if one fake misinformation online, and on social media in particular, has news article were about as persuasive as one TV campaign ad, generated extraordinary concern, in large part because of its the fake news in our database would have changed vote shares by potential effects on public opinion, political polarization, and an amount on the order of hundredths of a percentage point,” ultimately democratic decision making. Recently, however, a roughly two orders of magnitude less than needed to influence handful of papers have argued that both the prevalence and the election outcome. Subsequent studies have found similarly consumption of “fake news” per se is extremely low compared with other types of news and news-relevant content. -
1 Automated Face Analysis for Affective Computing Jeffrey F. Cohn & Fernando De La Torre Abstract Facial Expression
Please do not quote. In press, Handbook of affective computing. New York, NY: Oxford Automated Face Analysis for Affective Computing Jeffrey F. Cohn & Fernando De la Torre Abstract Facial expression communicates emotion, intention, and physical state, and regulates interpersonal behavior. Automated Face Analysis (AFA) for detection, synthesis, and understanding of facial expression is a vital focus of basic research. While open research questions remain, the field has become sufficiently mature to support initial applications in a variety of areas. We review 1) human-observer based approaches to measurement that inform AFA; 2) advances in face detection and tracking, feature extraction, registration, and supervised learning; and 3) applications in action unit and intensity detection, physical pain, psychological distress and depression, detection of deception, interpersonal coordination, expression transfer, and other applications. We consider user-in-the-loop as well as fully automated systems and discuss open questions in basic and applied research. Keywords Automated Face Analysis and Synthesis, Facial Action Coding System (FACS), Continuous Measurement, Emotion, Nonverbal Communication, Synchrony 1. Introduction The face conveys information about a person’s age, sex, background, and identity, what they are feeling, or thinking (Darwin, 1872/1998; Ekman & Rosenberg, 2005). Facial expression regulates face-to-face interactions, indicates reciprocity and interpersonal attraction or repulsion, and enables inter-subjectivity between members of different cultures (Bråten, 2006; Fridlund, 1994; Tronick, 1989). Facial expression reveals comparative evolution, social and emotional development, neurological and psychiatric functioning, and personality processes (Burrows & Cohn, In press; Campos, Barrett, Lamb, Goldsmith, & Stenberg, 1983; Girard, Cohn, Mahoor, Mavadati, & Rosenwald, 2013; Schmidt & Cohn, 2001). Not surprisingly, the face has been of keen interest to behavioral scientists. -
Age and Scientific Genius 1
Age and Scientific Genius 1 Age and Scientific Genius Chapter submission for Handbook of Genius, editor Dean Simonton (2014) Benjamin Jones, E.J. Reedy, and Bruce A. Weinberg January 2014 Abstract Great scientific output typically peaks in middle age. A classic literature has emphasized comparisons across fields in the age of peak performance. More recent work highlights large underlying variation in age and creativity patterns, where the average age of great scientific contributions has risen substantially since the early 20th Century and some scientists make pioneering contributions much earlier or later in their life-cycle than others. We review these literatures and show how the nexus between age and great scientific insight can inform the nature of creativity, the mechanisms of scientific progress, and the design of institutions that support scientists, while providing further insights about the implications of aging populations, education policies, and economic growth. Age and Scientific Genius 2 I. Introduction What is the relationship between age and scientific genius? This question has long fascinated scientists, the institutions that support scientific research, and the public at large. Understanding the nexus between age and great scientific insight can inform the nature of creativity, the mechanisms of scientific progress, and the design of institutions that support scientists. It can also shed light on subjects that at first blush seem farther afield, such as the implications of aging populations, education policies, and economic growth. The role of age in science has attracted the interest of both scientific greats and science policy leaders. Albert Einstein once quipped that “a person who has not made his great contribution to science before the age of thirty will never do so.” Meanwhile, a recent director of the National Institutes of Health declared the advancing age at which investigators receive their first NIH grant as “the greatest problem facing U.S. -
Topographies of Popular Culture
Topographies of Popular Culture Topographies of Popular Culture Edited by Maarit Piipponen and Markku Salmela Topographies of Popular Culture Edited by Maarit Piipponen and Markku Salmela This book first published 2016 Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2016 by Maarit Piipponen, Markku Salmela and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-9473-7 ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-9473-9 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Illustrations .................................................................................... vii Introduction: Imagining Popular Culture Spatially...................................... 1 Maarit Piipponen and Markku Salmela Chapter One ............................................................................................... 11 The Geopolitical Aesthetic of Middle-earth: Tolkien, Cinema and Literary Cartography Robert T. Tally Jr. Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 35 Anti-Colonial Discourses in Joe Sacco’s Palestine: Making Space for the Losers of History Ranthild Salzer Chapter Three ........................................................................................... -
Varieties of Fame in Psychology Research-Article6624572016
PPSXXX10.1177/1745691616662457RoedigerVarieties of Fame in Psychology 662457research-article2016 Perspectives on Psychological Science 2016, Vol. 11(6) 882 –887 Varieties of Fame in Psychology © The Author(s) 2016 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1745691616662457 pps.sagepub.com Henry L. Roediger, III Washington University in St. Louis Abstract Fame in psychology, as in all arenas, is a local phenomenon. Psychologists (and probably academics in all fields) often first become well known for studying a subfield of an area (say, the study of attention in cognitive psychology, or even certain tasks used to study attention). Later, the researcher may become famous within cognitive psychology. In a few cases, researchers break out of a discipline to become famous across psychology and (more rarely still) even outside the confines of academe. The progression is slow and uneven. Fame is also temporally constricted. The most famous psychologists today will be forgotten in less than a century, just as the greats from the era of World War I are rarely read or remembered today. Freud and a few others represent exceptions to the rule, but generally fame is fleeting and each generation seems to dispense with the lessons learned by previous ones to claim their place in the sun. Keywords fame in psychology, scientific eminence, history of psychology, forgetting First, please take a quiz. Below is a list of eight names. done. (Hilgard’s, 1987, history text was better known Please look at each name and answer the following three than his scientific work that propelled him to eminence.) questions: (a) Do you recognize this name as belonging Perhaps some of you recognized another name or two to a famous psychologist? (b) If so, what area of study without much knowing why or what they did. -
Cross-Media News Repertories in New Zealand
. Volume 14, Issue 2 November 2017 Shopping in a narrow field: Cross-media news repertories in New Zealand Craig Hight, University of Newcastle, Australia Arezou Zalipour, University of Waikato, New Zealand Abstract: This article reports on the New Zealand case study within a larger project investigating cross-media news repertoires within (and across) national audiences. Six key news media repertoires emerged in this case study; heavy news consumers; hybrid browsers; digital browsers; ambivalent networkers; mainstream multiplatformers; and casual and connected). Despite a range of news media outlets available within New Zealand, particularly across digital platforms, participants consistently noted a relatively narrow social, cultural and political discursive field for news content in the country. Within this context, the news repertoires identified within this case study highlighted the high value placed by news consumers on national daily newspapers (print and online), and the continued salience of television and radio news broadcasting for some audience segments. But findings also offered a snapshot of the ways these are being supplemented or replaced, for some audience segments, by digital news outlets (even as these also generated dissatisfaction from many participants). Keywords: news repertoires, New Zealand, Q-methodology, news consumption, cross- cultural Introduction This article reports on the New Zealand case study within a larger project investigating patterns of news repertoires (Schrøder 2015) within (and across) national audiences, at a time of broadening forms of distribution of news content across a variety of media Page 416 Volume 14, Issue 2 November 2017 platforms. The overall project involved 12 countries and used a Q-sort methodology (Kobbernagel & Schrøder, 2016) to analyze and examine cross-media news consumption among audiences. -
The Future of Emotion Research in the Study of Psychopathology
Emotion Review Vol. 2, No. 3 (July 2010) 225–228 © 2010 SAGE Publications and The International Society for Research on Emotion The Future of Emotion Research in the Study ISSN 1754-0739 DOI: 10.1177/1754073910361986 of Psychopathology er.sagepub.com Ann M. Kring Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA Abstract Research on emotion and psychopathology has blossomed due in part to the translation of affective science theory and methods to the study of diverse disorders. This translational approach has helped the field to hone in more precisely on the nature of emo- tion deficits to identify antecedent causes and maintaining processes, and to develop promising new interventions. The future of emotion research in psychopathology will benefit from three inter-related areas, including an emphasis on emotion difficulties that cut across traditional diagnostic boundaries (i.e., a transdiagnostic approach), the explicit linking of emotion and cognition in behavioral and neuroimaging studies in psychopathology, and continued translation of the latest conceptualizations of emotion to the study of psychopathology. Keywords cognition, emotion, mental illness, psychopathology, transdiagnostic In the past two decades, the number of studies on emotion and Where We Have Been psychopathology has expanded greatly. A search in PsychInfo for peer-reviewed articles containing the most generic of key- Given the ubiquity of emotion-related symptoms in psychopa- words, “emotion” and “mental illness” or “psychopathology”, thology (e.g., anger, anhedonia, anxiety, excited mood, fear, yields 613 peer reviewed articles in just the past 20 years. By flat affect, guilt, irritability, sad mood), most of the early contrast, 441 articles with these keywords are found for the 80 research sought to describe emotion-related disturbances. -
Teaching Contingencies Deleuze, Creativity Discourses, and Art By
Teaching Contingencies Deleuze, Creativity Discourses, and Art by Soodabeh Salehi A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Education in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen's University Kingston, Ontario, Canada May, 2008 Copyright © Soodabeh Salehi, 2008 ISBN: 978-0-494-38515-9 Abstract This dissertation, flying between aesthetics, visual arts, and political/cultural/historical issues, traverses lines of stratification, and (de/re)territorialization to examine uncertainties in making and teaching art. In keeping with a conviction that nothing is unitary, that everything is always connected to countless others, Deleuze and Guattari’s metaphor of rhizome is the central organizing element in my work. My research questions what is meant by creativity, whether assumed to be a gift, talent, or innate quality, and what is meant by teaching art in university, which assumes creativity can be organized and developed. Differing discourses of creativity exhibit a general continuity of agreement that creation takes place within chaos, and forms where chaos and order meet each other. I posit that contemporary discourses of creativity hegemonically reinforce capitalism as a system of nomadic power and of constant de/reterritorialization. All, in a capitalist system, is linked to the construction of the urge to consume, and therefore the acceleration of capitalism necessitates an increase in the rate at which we manufacture venues for consumption, even in such innovative ways as by making creativity itself a consumable package. How do we resist this? From a Deleuzian point of view, creation is a becoming event, as destructive as productive. Creativity, which is about freedom, occurs on a plane of immanence which sifts chaos and multiplicity together to break lines. -
Expert Meeting on Empathy and Compassion
Expert Meeting on Empathy and Compassion Leveraging Basic Research to Inform Intervention Development September 16–17, 2019 Washington, DC Final March 17, 2020 This meeting summary was prepared by Frances McFarland, Rose Li and Associates, Inc., under contract to the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health. The views expressed in this document reflect both individual and collective opinions of the meeting participants and not necessarily those of the National Institute on Aging. Review of earlier versions of this meeting summary by the following individuals is gratefully acknowledged: Arielle Baskin- Sommers, Sona Dimidjian, Rebecca Lazeration, Robert Levenson, Rose Li, Abigail Marsh, Joan Monin, Lis Nielsen, Lisa Onken, Nancy Tuvesson, Greg Siegle, Lucas Smalldon, Bethany Stokes Expert Meeting on Empathy and Compassion September 2019 Acronym Definitions AD Alzheimer’s disease ADRD AD and related dementias BBCSS NASEM Board of Behavioral, Cognitive, and Sensory Sciences BSR NIA Division of Behavioral and Social Research bvFTD behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia CBT cognitive behavioral therapy CM compassion meditation LKM lovingkindness meditation NASEM National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine NIA National Institute on Aging RCT randomized controlled trial SOBC Science of Behavior Change Acronym Definitions Page i Expert Meeting on Empathy and Compassion September 2019 Table of Contents Executive Summary .............................................................................................................. -
Appendix A: Non-Executive Directors of Channel 4 1981–92
Appendix A: Non-Executive Directors of Channel 4 1981–92 The Rt. Hon. Edmund Dell (Chairman 1981–87) Sir Richard Attenborough (Deputy Chairman 1981–86) (Director 1987) (Chairman 1988–91) George Russell (Deputy Chairman 1 Jan 1987–88) Sir Brian Bailey (1 July 1985–89) (Deputy Chairman 1990) Sir Michael Bishop CBE (Deputy Chairman 1991) (Chairman 1992–) David Plowright (Deputy Chairman 1992–) Lord Blake (1 Sept 1983–87) William Brown (1981–85) Carmen Callil (1 July 1985–90) Jennifer d’Abo (1 April 1986–87) Richard Dunn (1 Jan 1989–90) Greg Dyke (11 April 1988–90) Paul Fox (1 July 1985–87) James Gatward (1 July 1984–89) John Gau (1 July 1984–88) Roger Graef (1981–85) Bert Hardy (1992–) Dr Glyn Tegai Hughes (1983–86) Eleri Wynne Jones (22 Jan 1987–90) Anne Lapping (1 Jan 1989–) Mary McAleese (1992–) David McCall (1981–85) John McGrath (1990–) The Hon. Mrs Sara Morrison (1983–85) Sir David Nicholas CBE (1992–) Anthony Pragnell (1 July 1983–88) Usha Prashar (1991–) Peter Rogers (1982–91) Michael Scott (1 July 1984–87) Anthony Smith (1981–84) Anne Sofer (1981–84) Brian Tesler (1981–85) Professor David Vines (1 Jan 1987–91) Joy Whitby (1981–84) 435 Appendix B: Channel 4 Major Programme Awards 1983–92 British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA) 1983: The Snowman – Best Children’s Programme – Drama 1984: Another Audience With Dame Edna – Best Light Entertainment 1987: Channel 4 News – Best News or Outside Broadcast Coverage 1987: The Lowest of the Low – Special Award for Foreign Documentary 1987: Network 7 – Special Award for Originality -
A Provisional Taxonomy of Subjectively Experienced Positive Emotions
Affective Science https://doi.org/10.1007/s42761-020-00009-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE A Provisional Taxonomy of Subjectively Experienced Positive Emotions Aaron C. Weidman1 & Jessica L. Tracy1 Received: 3 September 2019 /Accepted: 11 March 2020 # The Society for Affective Science 2020 Abstract Over the past two decades, scholars have conducted studies on the subjective experience of over 30 positive emotional states (see Weidman, Steckler, & Tracy, 2017). Yet, evidence from research on the non-verbal expression and biological correlates of positive emotions suggests that people likely experience far fewer than 30 distinct positive emotions. The present research provided an initial, lexically driven examination of how many, and which, positive emotions cohere as distinct subjective experiences, at both the state and trait levels. Four studies (including two pre-registered replications) using factor and network analyses of 5939 participants’ emotional experiences, elicited through the relived emotions task, found consistent evidence for nine distinct positive emotion states and five distinct traits. At both levels, many frequently studied positive emotions were found to overlap considerably or entirely with other ostensibly distinct states in terms of the subjective components used to describe them, suggesting that researchers currently study more positive emotions than individuals experience distinctively. These find- ings provide the first-ever comprehensive portrait of the taxonomic structure of subjectively experienced positive emotions, with