DOCSLIB.ORG

Insiders and Outsiders

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Insiders and Outsiders ABSTRACT Title of Document: INSIDERS AND OUTSIDERS: GLOBAL SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, PARTY POLITICS, AND DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA Helma Gerritje Engelien de Vries, Ph.D. 2007 Directed By: Professor Mark Irving Lichbach, Department of Government and Politics This dissertation explores several dynamics in insider and outsider activism in the anti-war movement: insider-outsider cooperation and conflict in protest coalitions; transnational protest events’ success in uniting insiders and outsiders; and coupling of insider and outsider tactics such as protesting and voting. Insider-outsider cooperation in protest coalitions helps to facilitate successful protest events involving rainbow coalitions of insiders and outsiders. Such events catalyze future insider- outsider cooperation, illustrate which parties are movement allies, educate parties about protesters’ concerns, educate protesters about coupling insider and outsider tactics, and may help remobilize activists as voters in subsequent elections. Key rival arguments that are investigated are whether grievances opposing U.S. unilateralism in Iraq, on which there was a strong issue consensus, are as important as Tarrow’s politically opportune domestic targets, such as a government joining the “Coalition of the Willing,” in accounting for dynamics in insider and outsider activism. Cross-national surveys of protesters are paired with content analysis of news coverage of transnational anti-war protest events and with elite interviews of activists. While domestic targets appear to exert some centripetal forces facilitating cooperation between insiders and outsiders, issue consensus or issue discord on grievances can create either centripetal forces that unite or centrifugal forces that unleash conflict. Grievances have the power to unite or to divide us, and whether they do depends on the issue consensus in the movement and the public about them. Grievances with issue consensus unite us, exerting centripetal forces on insider and outsider activism, whereas grievances with issue discord divide us, wielding centrifugal forces on insiders and outsiders. Opposing U.S. unilateralism in Iraq without the United Nations, on which there is issue consensus, brings together insiders and outsiders in protest coalitions, at protest events, and in protesters’ tactical choices, and thus has the potential to remobilize protesters as voters. Conversely, linking opposition to war in Iraq with other grievances on which there is discord, such as opposition to war in all cases, opposition to globalization, and support of Palestine, divides insiders and outsiders in protest coalitions and at protest events and may lead protesters to expand their globalized protest involvement. INSIDERS AND OUTSIDERS: GLOBAL SOCIAL MOVEMENTS, PARTY POLITICS, AND DEMOCRACY INEUROPE AND NORTH AMERICA By Helma Gerritje Engelien de Vries Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2007 Advisory Committee: Professor Mark Irving Lichbach, Chair Professor Ken Conca Associate Professor Miranda Schreurs Professor Eric M. Uslaner Professor Christopher H. Foreman, Jr., Dean’s Representative © Copyright by Helma Gerritje Engelien de Vries 2007 Acknowledgements I would like to thank my family, friends, colleagues, and students for their encouragement. I particularly want to express my gratitude to Dr. Mark Lichbach for his excellent mentorship and collaboration throughout my academic career at the University of Maryland and the opportunities that he has afforded me, especially in conducting surveys of protesters cross-nationally. All my other committee members, Dr. Ken Conca, Dr. Miranda Schreurs, Dr. Eric Uslaner, and Dr. Christopher Foreman, have been extremely supportive. The Harrison Fellowship I was awarded from 2005 to 2006 by the Harrison Program on the Future Global Agenda facilitated the qualitative archival research as well as the field research and elite interviews that I conducted in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. I especially want to thank activist Soren Ambrose for several hours of conversation that provided me much inspiration early in this endeavor, and Richard Beardsworth for introducing me to David Lake’s work addressing the rising opposition to U.S. unilateralism and to its disregard for the legitimating authority of the United Nations, in industrialized democracies that used to be U.S. allies. Finally, I am very grateful to all the activists who took the time to be interviewed and provided much inspiration; the protesters who were willing to serve as survey respondents; and the colleagues and students who assisted with data collection and who were willing to be a springboard for ideas. ii Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................... ii Table of Contents ....................................................................................................... iii List of Tables ............................................................................................................... iv List of Figures .............................................................................................................. v Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................. 1 Insiders versus Outsiders ........................................................................................... 2 Insider-Outsider Cooperation in Protest Coalitions (Meso-level) ............................. 5 Successful Transnational Protest Joining Insiders and Outsiders (Macro-level) ...... 7 Coupling of Outsider and Insider Activism (Micro-level) ........................................ 8 Overview of the Dissertation .................................................................................... 9 Chapter 2: Theoretical Framework ......................................................................... 15 Domestic and International Targets ........................................................................ 15 Limitations of Targets and Bringing Grievances Back In....................................... 25 Movement-Related Grievances and Issue Consensus or Discord ........................... 34 Chapter 3: Methodological Overview ..................................................................... 48 Insider-Outsider Cooperation and Conflict (Meso-level) ....................................... 48 Transnational Protests Uniting Insiders and Outsiders (Macro-level) .................... 54 Coupling or Decoupling of Protesting and Voting (Micro-level) ........................... 58 Chapter 4: Meso-level: British, Dutch, and American Anti-War Coalitions ...... 66 Domestic and International Targets ........................................................................ 67 Movement-Related Grievances ............................................................................... 68 Party System and Electoral Context and Anti-War Protest Coalitions ................... 70 Insider-Outsider Cooperation and Conflict ............................................................. 89 Chapter 5: Macro-level: February 15, 2003 Protests in the European Union ... 103 Europeanization of Protest and EU Enlargement .................................................. 104 Domestic and International Targets ...................................................................... 110 Movement-Related Grievances Opposing U.S. Unilateralism in Iraq .................. 119 Divergent Histories of Participation, Protest, and Civil Society ........................... 121 Divergent Paths of Democratization ..................................................................... 130 Anti-War Protests on February 15, 2003 .............................................................. 136 Chapter 6: Micro-level: Demonstrators’ Coupling of Protesting and Voting ... 154 Coupling Protesting and Voting ............................................................................ 162 Decoupling Protesting and Voting or Expansion to Multiple Global Protests ..... 164 Domestic and International Targets ...................................................................... 167 Support of Movement-Related Grievances ........................................................... 173 Results ................................................................................................................... 181 Chapter 7: Conclusion ............................................................................................ 200 Appendices ............................................................................................................... 218 Appendix 1: Structured Interview Questions for Activists ................................... 219 Appendix 2: Chronology of Domestic Targets in the European Union ................ 220 Appendix 3: Chronology of February 15, 2003 Protests in the European Union . 231 Appendix 4: Actors, Targets, and Grievances at February 15, 2003 Protests....... 262 References ................................................................................................................ 280 iii List of Tables Table 2.1: Support of an Intervention in Iraq in the EU-15 (Gallup Europe 2003) ... 38 Table 3.1: Timeline of the Most Globalized Protests Against the War in Iraq .......... 50 Table 3.2: Interview Respondents .............................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stop the War: the Story of Britain’S Biggest Mass Movement by Andrew Murray and Lindsey German, Bookmarks, 2005, 280 Pp
    Stop the War: The Story of Britain’s Biggest Mass Movement by Andrew Murray and Lindsey German, Bookmarks, 2005, 280 pp. Abdullah Muhsin and Gary Kent I am sorry. If you think I am going to sit back and agree with beheadings, kidnappings, torture and brutality, and outright terrorization of ordinary Iraqi and others, then you can forget it. I will not be involved whatsoever, to me it is akin to supporting the same brutality and oppression inflicted on Iraq by Saddam, and the invading and occupying forces of the USA. Mick Rix, former left-wing leader of the train drivers’ union, ASLEF, writing to Andrew Murray to resign from the Stop the War Coalition. Andrew Murray and Lindsey German are, respectively, the Chair and Convenor of the Stop the War Coalition. Their book tells a story about a ‘remarkable mass movement’ which the authors hope ‘can change the face of politics for a generation.’ It tracks the Coalition from its origins with no office, no bank account, just one full time volunteer, through the ‘chaos of its early meetings’ to the million-strong demonstration of February 2003. The book seeks to explain the Coalition’s success in bringing together the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) and ‘the Muslim Community’ to create ‘the broadest basis ever seen for a left-led movement.’ The authors attack the ‘imperialist’ doctrines of George Bush and Tony Blair, criticise the arguments of the ‘pro-war left,’ and finish with a chapter opposing the occupation and demanding immediate troop withdrawal. In addition, the book includes a broad
    [Show full text]
  • Ngos Supporting the Initiative
    NGOs supporting the initiative The International Youth and Student Movement for the United Nations (ISMUN), International Organization for the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (EAFORD), Geneva International Centre for Justice (GICJ), Arab Lawyers Association- UK, BRussels Tribunal, Association of Humanitarian Lawyers (AHL), The Iraqi Commission on Human Rights (ICHR), International Anti-Occupation Network (IAON), International Lawyers.org, International Society of Iraqi Scientists, General Arab Women Federation (GAWF), International Association of Democratic Lawyers, Organization for Widows and Orphans (OWO), Union of Arab Jurists, The Perdana Global Peace Foundation, Kuala Lumpur Foundation to Criminalise War, Spanish Campaign against the Occupation and for Iraq Sovereignty- CEOSI, Arab Cause Solidarity Committee, Iraq Solidarity Association in Stockholm, The International League of Iraqi Academics (ILIA), Women Will Association (WWA), Association of Human Rights Defenders in Iraq (AHRDI), North-South XX1, International Educational Development, Inc. (IED), United Towns Agency for the North-South Cooperation, Indian Movement “Tupaj Amaru”, Warisacrime.org, Asian Women Human Rights Council, Organisation pour la Communication en Afrique et de Promotion de la Coopération Economique Internationale - OCAPROCE International, International Federation of University Women (IFUW), Organisation Mondiale des Associations pour l’Education Prénatale (OMAEP), Arab Lawyers Union, World Peace Council, World Wide Organization for Women
    [Show full text]
  • Advice for Friends in Times Of
    Advice for Friends in times of war – guidance from Quaker Peace & Social Witness This was produced by Quaker Peace & Social Witness (QPSW) staff with experience of supporting British Friends through war situations. It seeks to bring together some of the learning from previous wars and is an attempt to help Friends to cope with a challenging context for a peace church. As individuals Many Quakers are particularly sensitised to the folly of war and are immediately roused to action when violence begins. Take care not to dwell overlong on distressing images and news reports of atrocities. You may find it helpful to remind yourselves that we are called to live out our faith through our understanding of the Light as revealed to us, and take courage. You are encouraged to take your concerns, your ideas for action, and your distress, to your faith community – your Quaker meeting. Your Quaker meeting The first place at which to raise your concern about war being conducted by UK forces on your behalf is your local Quaker meeting. You may wish to request a meeting for worship from which may emerge some leadings as to what the meeting may wish to say and do. It may be that Friends need help with thinking about the issue which has caused the war in the first place, and you all may need to do some personal research and return with your findings. You may wish to refer to religious text for guidance. Please be sensitive to those Friends in your meeting who may have different ideas from you about ways forward.
    [Show full text]
  • Confronting the Rise of the Far-Right Bloomsbury Central, 235 Shaftesbury Ave, London WC2H 8EP SATURDAY 2 MARCH
    CONFRONTING THE RISE OF THE FAR-RIGHT Bloomsbury Central, 235 Shaftesbury Ave, London WC2H 8EP SATURDAY 2 MARCH 9:30 – 10:00 Registration 10:00 – 11:15 Opening Plenary The Roots of the New Rise of the Far-Right – including a welcome from Walter Wolfgang refugee from the Nazis Ken Loach | Tamás Krausz, Hungary | Walter Baier, Transform Europe | Cllr Shaista Aziz | Lindsey German, Stop the War Coalition | Myriam Kane, NUS NEC | Marina Monaco, ETUC | Diane Abbott MP | Chair: Kate Hudson, Transform journal 11:15 – 11:30 Break 11:30 – 13:00 First Parallel Workshops The Rise of Islamophobia Mohammed Kozbar, Muslim Association of Britain | Salma Yaqoob, human rights activist | Chair: Murad Qureshi Capitalist Crisis: The Driver of the Far-Right Surge Pablo Livigni, Espaces Marx | Marina Prentoulis, Another Europe is Possible | Judith Amler, Attac Germany | Chair: Nick Dearden, Global Justice Now Anti-Semitism: Re-Emergence and How It’s Being Fought Dave Rosenberg, Jewish Socialist Group | Leah Levane, Jewish Voice for Labour | Tamás Krausz, Hungary | Chair: David Landau US: From Tea Party to Trump and the Alt-Right Ryan Switzer, USA | Mike Wendling, author and broadcast journalist | Chair: Feyzi Ismail The Far-Right Challenging for Power in Western Europe Luk Vandenhoeck, Hart Boven Hard, Belgium | Chiara Mariotti, Italians United Against Fascism | Cornelia Hildebrandt, Rosa Luxemburg Foundation, Germany | Mina Idir, anti-racist and feminist activist, France | Chair: Hilary Wainwright Far-Right Attacks on Women’s Rights Zuzana Hertzberg, Poland
    [Show full text]
  • The Absence of Protest,Who's Buried in the Graveyard of Empires?
    21st Century Internationalism of the Oppressed [We are re-posting this essay by Bill Fletcher because he offers a compelling response to an argument that has been circulating all too widely in left circles. We are using the version that appeared on ZNet, Sept. 17, 2021. — Eds.] The US Left has largely lost the ability and/or willingness to have serene debates and exchanges. All too quickly differences, sometimes negligible, are elevated into splits. And, worse, those holding opposing views are treated as ‘enemies of the people’ or simply soft-headed, recalling the danger of firing squads that have been frequently used against political opponents (note to reader: remember the end of the Grenadian Revolution in 1983). Keeping this in mind the following is offered as a response to a recent piece by Ajamu Baraka, “We Can No Longer Avoid Raising the Contradiction of the Western Imperial Left’s Collaboration with the Western Bourgeoisie,” in Black Agenda Report (1 September 2021). This response is offered carefully because this is not a personal debate, despite the condescending tone of Baraka’s piece. Our differences do not revolve around any question as to the Baraka’s dedication and commitment, nor his insight into many issues facing the globally oppressed. He and I have known each other for years and, despite differences, have had a comradely relationship. In the context of his recent essay, however, I respectfully believe that his framework is muddled, incorrect and stuck in a perverse version of a pre-1991 world. We will leave aside Baraka’s insults to Gilbert Achcar.
    [Show full text]
  • For Class War Against the Imperialist War!
    January-February 2003 No. 15 $2 Internationalist For Class War Against the Imperialist War! Defend North Korea Against U.S. War Threats! Mexico a "Hinge" for War on Iraq....... 31 For Workers Action Against the War .... 36 2 The Internationalist January-February 2003 Lenin on Imperialist War As U.S. rulers drive for a new war against Iraq, how to fight imperialist war, and where it comes from, are crucial issues for young people, class-conscious work­ ers and activists. Essential reading is V.I. Lenin's pamphlet Socialism and War. A clear and powerful explanation of the revolutionary Marxist position, it stresses the need for workers and the oppressed to fight for the defeat of "their own" imperialist bourgeoisie and the defense of semi-colonial countries targeted for aggression. :=::::-a....._. The struggle against imperialist war can only go forward as a struggle for - international socialist revolution! US$1.50 Order from/make checks payable to: Mundial Publications, Box 3321, Church Street Station, New York, New York 10008, U.S.A. Visit the League for the Fourth lntemational/ lntemationalist Group on the lntemet http://www. internationalist.erg Now available on our site: • Founding Statement of the Internationalist Group • Declaration of the League for the Fourth International • Articles from The Internationalist • Articles from Vanguarda Operaria • Articles from El lntemacionalista • Articles and documents in German, French and Russian • The fight to free Mumia Abu-Jamal • Marxist readings !~( Internationalist A Journal of Revolutionary Marxism for the Reforging of the Fourth International Publication of the Internationalist Group, section of the League for the Fourth International EDITORIAL BOARD: Jan Norden (editor), Mark Lazarus, Abram Negrete, Marjorie Salzburg, Socorro Valero.
    [Show full text]
  • War Or Peace? Legitimation, Dissent and Rhetorical Closure in Press Coverage of the Iraq War Build-Up
    Nick Couldry and John Downey War or peace? Legitimation, dissent and rhetorical closure in press coverage of the Iraq War build-up Book section Original citation: Originally published in Allan, Stuart and Zelizer, Barbie, (eds.) Reporting war: journalism in wartim e. Routledge, Abingdon, pp. 266-282. ISBN 9780415339971 © 2004 Routledge This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/52496/ Available in LSE Research Online: Oct 2013 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s submitted version of the book section. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. WAR OR PEACE? LEGITIMATION, DISSENT AND RHETORICAL CLOSURE IN PRESS COVERAGE OF THE IRAQ WAR BUILD-UP NICK COULDRY AND JOHN DOWNEY The global space within which much news and media comment are produced and circulate has never been clearer than in the contentious build-up to the recent UKUSA war in Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • 978–1–137–02935–5 Copyrighted Material – 978–1–137–02935–5
    Copyrighted material – 978–1–137–02935–5 © Clive Bloom 2012 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2012 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978–1–137–02935–5 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
    [Show full text]
  • From the Cold War to the Kosovo War: Yugoslavia and the British Labour Party
    Unkovski-Korica, V. (2019) From the Cold War to the Kosovo War: Yugoslavia and the British Labour Party. Revue d'Études Comparatives Est-Ouest, 2019/1(5), pp. 115-145. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/189346/ Deposited on: 1 July 2019 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk 1 From the Cold War to the Kosovo War: Yugoslavia and the British Labour Party1 The protracted and violent collapse of Yugoslavia was one of the profound international crises following the end of the Cold War. The inability of the United Nations to stop the bloodshed, the retreat of Russian power alongside the failure of the European powers to reach a common approach, and the ultimate deployment of US-led NATO forces to settle the Bosnian War and later to conduct the Kosovo War exposed the unlikelihood of what George H.W. Bush had hailed as a ‘new world order’ based on collective security. The wars of succession in the former Yugoslavia in fact provided the spring-board for a different vision of global security under American hegemony, which would characterise in particular George W. Bush’s project to reshape global affairs in the new millennium (Rees, 2006, esp. pp. 34-35). It is unsurprising in this context that scholarly production relating to the collapse of Yugoslavia and its importance for international relations has been immense (for a recent short overview: Baker 2015).
    [Show full text]
  • The Coalition of the Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity
    Chapman University Chapman University Digital Commons Sociology Faculty Articles and Research Sociology 2011 The oC alition of the Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, and Challenges for the Contemporary Peace Movement Victoria Carty Chapman University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/sociology_articles Part of the American Politics Commons, International Relations Commons, Military Studies Commons, Models and Methods Commons, and the Politics and Social Change Commons Recommended Citation Carty, Victoria. 2011. "The oC alition of the Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, and Challenges for the Contemporary Peace Movement." Peace and Conflict Studies 18(1): 79-115. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Sociology at Chapman University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Sociology Faculty Articles and Research by an authorized administrator of Chapman University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The oC alition of the Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, and Challenges for the Contemporary Peace Movement Comments This article was originally published in Peace and Conflict Studies, volume 18, issue 1, in 2011. Copyright Nova Southeastern University This article is available at Chapman University Digital Commons: http://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/sociology_articles/10 The Coalition of the Unwilling: Contentious Politics, Political Opportunity Structures, and Challenges for the Contemporary Peace Movement Victoria Carty Abstract The Bush Doctrine, which was installed after the 9-11 attacks on the United States under the guise of the war on terrorism, postulated a vision of the United States as the world’s unchallenged superpower and the invasion of Iraq became one of the central fronts of this war.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnography of Conflict: Art Vs. Politics in Protests
    4th Annual Joint University of Liverpool Management School and Keele University Institute for Public Policy and Management Symposium on Current Developments in Ethnographic Research in the Social and Management Sciences, Sunday 23rd - Tuesday 25th August 2009, University of Liverpool Management School. Ethnography of Conflict: Art vs. Politics in Protests Cristiana Olcese ________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This paper describes a study of contemporary European protests, and shows how ethnography is well-suited, as a method, to capture the wide diversity of voices present in specific protest events. One set of voices commonly neglected in the mainstream social movements literature is that of artists: producers and performers of music, street performances, art projects and other creative expressions. On the strength of ethnography’s ability to capture the full complexity of a contentious event—its polyphony and multiple forms of communication—the paper argues that art in protests is not only instrumental to movement leaders’ political agenda but also makes important unique contributions to social change. The paper is based empirically on participant observation data, as well as framing-content analyses and interpretative discourse analyses of photos taken and texts collected at four protests in France, Italy, and the UK. Four purposes of art in protest are described. ______________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Giving more serious and pragmatic attention to the creative expressions in protests without assuming the instrumentality of art to politics (in protest), this paper explores the explicit and implicit purposes attributed to art by its full range of creators and promoters. More generally this paper aims to study the relationship between art and politics in protests and to establish whether art has become a distinct voice, distinct from politics, in the pursuit of social change.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gender Logics of Resistance to the 'War On
    This article was downloaded by: [University of Warwick] On: 01 November 2012, At: 11:32 Publisher: Routledge Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London W1T 3JH, UK Third World Quarterly Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ctwq20 The Gender Logics of Resistance to the ‘War on Terror’: constructing sex–gender difference through the erasure of patriarchy in the Middle East Nicola Pratt To cite this article: Nicola Pratt (2012): The Gender Logics of Resistance to the ‘War on Terror’: constructing sex–gender difference through the erasure of patriarchy in the Middle East, Third World Quarterly, 33:10, 1821-1836 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2012.728318 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.tandfonline.com/page/terms-and-conditions This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
    [Show full text]