Journal of early modern history 23 (2019) 257-295 brill.com/jemh Amerasia: European Reflections of an Emergent World, 1492-ca. 1700 Elizabeth Horodowich New Mexico State University
[email protected] Alexander Nagel New York University
[email protected] Abstract The association of America and Asia dominated the geographical imagination of Europe for well over a century after 1492. Narratives and representations of myriad texts, maps, objects, and images produced between 1450 and 1700 reveal a vision of a world where Mexico really was India, North America was an extension of China, South America was populated by a variety of biblical and Asian sites, and American cul- tural productions and ethnographic features colored conceptions of Asia. While the Amerasian imaginary was later suppressed by Eurocentric and colonialist narratives, here we consider various representations of Amerasia in order to bring it back into vis- ibility. Doing so reveals various forms of mirroring at play, permitting us to understand one of the mechanisms by which Europeans assimilated a dizzying array of new knowl- edge to their pre-existing conceptual order, and also offering insights into early modern European conceptions of global geography and modernity. Keywords Asia – Mexico – India – Christopher Columbus – geography – America – Vespucci – Waldseemller – Caspar Vopel – New World – Europe © koninklijke brill nv, leiden, 2019 | doi:10.1163/15700658-12342635 258 Horodowich and Nagel Introduction For over two centuries after 1492, Europeans understood the lands encoun- tered across the Atlantic as Asian and used American identifiers to qualify Asia. By considering a plethora of texts, maps, objects, and images produced between 1450 and 1700, it becomes possible to imagine a coherent, if malleable, vision of a world where Mexico really was India, North America was an exten- sion of China, South America was populated by a variety of biblical and Asian sites, and American cultural productions and ethnographic features colored conceptions of Asia.