ANCHOR TEXT | EPIC POEM
from the Odyssey Homer translated by Robert Fitzgerald
Part I The Adventures of Odysseus © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. or its affiliates. Inc., Education, © Pearson © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 10 5 Odysseus hisstory to whomOdysseustells Alcinous CHARACTERS the crewthe Eurylochus Odysseus’ crew Perimedes ofZeus father Cronus Laertes imprisons Odysseus Polyphemus and warfare Athena horses, andstormsatsea Poseidon of Greek forces Agamemnon prophecy, andmedicine Apollo Zeus Circe Odysseus Calypso Sing inme,Muse, for theirownrecklessness destroyed themall— But notbywillnorvalor could hesavethem. to savehislife, tobringhisshipmateshome. in hisdeepheartatsea,whilehefoughtonly and weathered manybitter nightsanddays and learnedthemindsofmanydistantmen, of thatmanskilledinallwayscontending, on theproud heightofTroy. after he the wanderer, harriedforyearsonend, poetry. He help her in asks telling the tale of Odysseus. In the opening verses, Homer addresses the muse of epic
(zoos)—king of the gods (zoos)—king ofthe (SUR see)—enchantress whohelpsOdysseus
(uh POLoh)—godofmusic,poetry,
(KROH nuhs)—Titan ruler of the universe; rulerofthe (KROH nuhs)—Titan (uh THEE nuh)—goddess of wisdom, skills, (uh THEEnuh)—goddessofwisdom,skills,
(lay (kuh LIHPsoh)—seagoddesswholoves
(al SIHN oh uhs)—king of the Phaeacians, (al SIHNohuhs)—kingofthe
(poh SY duhn)—god of sea, earthquakes, (poh SYduhn)—godofsea,earthquakes,
(oh
plundered (pehr uhMEEdeez)—memberof (yoo RIHL uh kuhs)—another memberof (yoo RIHLuhkuhs)—another
ur
(pol ih FEE muhs)—the Cyclopswho (pol ihFEEmuhs)—the (ag uhMEHMnon)—kingandleader d teez)—Odysseus’father ihs eeuhs)—kingofIthaca 1
andthrough metellthestory thestronghold He sawthetownlands 2 Eurynome suitors Antinous of Odysseus Eumaeus gods Hermes Lampetia dangerous whirlpool Charybdis Scylla deaths sailors totheir Sirens Penelope’s son Telemachus Persephone advises Odysseus Tiresias Amphinomus Eurymachus Penelope Penelope
(SIHL uh)—seamonsterofgrayrock (SY ruhnz)—creatures whosesongslure
(ty REE see uhs)—blind prophet(ty REEseeuhs)—blind who (HUR meez)—herald and messenger of the (HUR meez)—heraldandmessengerofthe
(ant IHN oh uhs)—leader among the (ant IHNohuhs)—leaderamongthe
(yoo MEEuhs)—oldswineherd andfriend
(lahm PEEshuh)—nymph (puh NEHLuhpee)—Odysseus’wife (kuh RIHB dihs)—enormous and (kuh RIHBdihs)—enormous (yoo RIHNuhmee)—housekeeperfor
(tuh LEHMuhkuhs)—Odysseusand (puhr SEHFuhnee)—wifeofHades (yoo RIHmuhkuhs)—suitor
(am FIHNuhmuhs)—suitor plundered something byforce NOTES 2. 1. from Minor; siteoftheTrojan War. Troy Muse nine goddessesofthearts.
the city innorthwestAsia
(PLUHN duhrd) (myooz) Odyssey,Part 1 anyoneofthe MULTIMEDIA SCAN FOR
v. v. took
561 562 NOTES 11. 10. 9. 8. 7. 6. 4. 3. 5.
Cicones goddess wholovedOdysseus. Zeus Helios Ilium Circe Calypso Ithaca guile Laertes (EE ee uh) the westcoastofGreece. cunning.
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(gyl) (zoos)
(IHTHuhkuh) (SUR see) (IHL eeuhm) (HEE leeohs)
(LAY urteez)
(sih KOH neez)
(kuh LIHPsoh) n. kingofthegods.
craftiness;
of Aeaea Troy. sungod.
island off sea
15 45 40 35 30 25 20 the cattleofLord Helios, children andfools,theykilledfeastedon “I amLaertes’ Troy From Sailing tell usinourtime,lift thegreat songagain. but onthespotItoldthem: ‘Back,andquickly! to makedivision,equalshares toall— Plunder wetook,and enslavedthewomen, I stormedthatplaceandkilledthemenwhofought. a strongpoint onthecoast ofCicones. brought metoIsmarus, onthefarshore, as Circe of Aeaea, in hersmoothcavestobeheart’sdelight, loveliest amonggoddesses,whoheldme though IhavebeendetainedlongbyCalypso, I shallnotseeonearthaplacemore dear, A rocky isle,butgoodforaboy’straining; and northwest,whiletherest lieeastandsouth. being mostloftyinthatcoastalsea, Same, woodedZacynthus—Ithaca in sightofotherislands—Dulichium, under MountNeion’swind-blownrobe ofleaves, Of theseadventures, Muse,daughterofZeus, took from theireyesthedawnofreturn. and hewhomovesalldaythrough heaven My homeisonthepeakedsea-markofIthaca this famehasgoneabroad tothesky’srim. The windthatcarriedwestfrom Ilium of rough adventure, weathered underZeus? What ofmysailing,then,from Troy? he shallnot,thoughfindahouseofgold. his ownhomeandparents? Infarlands Where shallamanfindsweetnesstosurpass But inmyheartInevergaveconsent. desired me,anddetainedmeinherhall. formidable forguile tell of his adventures. Alcinous. Alcinous aship offers to Odysseus and him asks to goddess Calypso’s island. He arrives in Phaeacia, ruled by Ten years the after Trojan War, Odysseus departs the from 5 son,Odysseus. 9 theenchantress, 6 inpeaceandwar: What ofthoseyears 3 theSun, Men holdme 11 10 7 4 8
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 50 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 And thisnewgriefwebore withustosea: to callarmsthemainforce ofCicones. feasting,—while they butchered bythesurf,andshamblingcattle, fools, onstores ofwine.Sheepaftersheep then the Achaeans, then but whenthesunpassedtoward unyokingtime, holding ourbeach,althoughsofaroutnumbered; from brightmorningthrough theblazeofnoon backed ontheships,withlanceskeptinplay, My menstoodupandmadeafightofit— dark word ofZeusforus,ourevildays. and bladesofspring.Sodoomappeared tous, with dawnoverthatterrainliketheleaves or, where theground required, onfoot.Theycame This wasanarmy, trainedtofight onhorseback unfleshed bytheCiconesonthatfield. had raisedacry, three times,foreachpoorghost No shipmadesailnextdayuntilsomeshipmate our precious liveswehad,butnotourfriends. that eveningwhenwepulledawayfrom death. Six bencheswere leftemptyineveryship Out toseaagain!’Mymenwere mutinous, to takeonwater. All ships’companies who liveuponthatflower. We landedthere we cametothecoastlineof theLotus-Eaters, before dangerous highwinds.Uponthetenth Nine daysIdrifted onthe teemingsea a fresh galedrove meon,pastCythera. took meouttosea,andfrom thenorth but asIcameround Malea thecurrent I mighthavemadeitsafelyhome,thattime, letting thesteersmenandbreeze takeover. Then weputupourmasts,hauledsail,andrested, until athird Dawncamewithringletsshining. worn outandsickatheart,tastingourgrief, then twolongdaysandnightswelayoffshore unshipped theoars,andpulledfornearest lee: We sawdeathinthatfury, dropped theyards, cracked andlashedoutstripsinthebigwind. The bowswentplungingatthegust;sails of squallmoveddownlikenightonlandandsea. a stormagainsttheships,anddrivingveils Now Zeusthelord ofcloudroused inthenorth The Lotus-Eaters fugitives 13 onebyone,gaveway. wentinland,running 12
14 describe theenemyarmy. the words Odysseususesto the enemyappeartoOdysseus? CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ fugitives NOTES from danger of personswhohaverunaway about whatheandhismenfelt? 13. 12. 14. from
Achaeans mutinous wind. lee here, Odysseus’men. rebellious.
n the (FYOO juhtihvz) . area sheltered from the Whatisheexpressing Odyssey,Part 1 Inlines53–57,mark Howthreatening did
(MYOO tuhnuhs) (uh KEEuhnz)
n. group Greeks;
adj 563 . 564 NOTES 16. 15.
middle oftheforehead. of giantswith one eye inthe prodigious Cyclopes form ofCyclops enormous.
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(SY klohpeez) (SY
(proh DIHJuhs) (SY klops) (SY n . plural , race adj.
120 115 110 105 100 130 125 95 who showednowilltodousharm,only They fellin,soonenough,withLotus-Eaters, to learnwhatraceofmenthatlandsustained. Then Isentouttwopickedmenandarunner mustered alongsideforthemid-daymeal. towering oaktrees. earthfast betweentalltrunks ofpine andrugged inside asheepfold—madefrom slabsofstone and manyramsgoatsabouttheplace yawning abovethewater, screened withlaurel, at oneendofthebay, wesawacavern As werowed on,andnearer tothemainland, indifferent towhattheothersdo.. dealing outrough justicetowife andchild, but eachonedwellsinhisownmountaincave no consultationoroldtribalways, Cyclopes havenomusterandmeeting, wine-grapes, inclusters,ripenheaven’srains. wild wheatandbarley—grows untended,and nor sowbyhand,tilltheground, thoughgrain— to theimmortalgods,theyneitherplow In ignoranceleavingthefruitage oftheearthinmystery giants, louts,withoutalawtoblessthem. In thenextlandwefoundwere Cyclopes, The Cyclops and wemovedoutagainonourseafaring. my oarsmendippedtheirlongoarsinthesurf, Filing intotheirplacesbytherowlocks the Lotus,oryouloseyourhopeofhome.’ come, clearthebeachandnoonetaste and calledtherest: ‘Allhandsaboard; tied themdownundertheirrowing benches, I drove them,allthree wailing,totheships, that nativebloom,forgetful oftheirhomeland. they longedtostayforever, browsing on never cared toreport, nortoreturn: but thosewhoatethishoneyedplant,theLotus, offering thesweetLotustoourfriends— so huge,heseemednoman atallofthose knowing nonebutsavage ways,abrute to grazeafield—remote from allcompanions, slept inthiscavealone,andtookhisflocks A prodigious 16 man 15
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 170 165 160 155 150 145 140 135 I brought along,andvictuals when cupsofthiscameround. over thewinebowl.Nomanturnedaway but stillthesweetscenthovered likeafume honey-smooth—in twentymore ofwater, and theywouldputonecupful—ruby-colored, he, hiswife, andthestoreroom mistress knew; in Maron’s householdknewthisdrink;only of brandy, pure andfiery. Notaslave and thenthisliquor—twelvetwo-handledjars perfectly formed,asolidsilverwinebowl, crowded withlambsandkids, a dryingrackthatsaggedwithcheeses,pens so welookedround ateverythinginside: had goneafield,topasture hisfatsheep, We climbed,then,brisklytothecave.ButCyclops a wildman,ignorantofcivility. would beuponussoon—alloutward power, for inmybonesIknewsometoweringbrute My mencamepressing round me,pleading: bowls ofearthenware and pailsformilking. And vesselsfullofwhey or newbornlambkins,pennedapartfrom both. firstlings apartfrom middlings,andthe‘dewdrops,’ to seethecaveman,what hehadtooffer— how soundthatwas! Yet Irefused. Iwished put outagainongoodsaltwater!’ We’ll drivethekidsandlambsaboard. We say throw openallthepens,and makearun forit? take thesecheeses,getthemstowed,comeback, as formyself Itookmytwelvebestfighters to standbyandkeepwatchovertheship: We beachedthere, andItoldthecrew a shaggymountainreared insolitude. who eatgoodwheatenbread; butheseemedrather he gavemesevenshininggoldentalents we showedhimthere, andshowedhiswife andchild, holy grove atIsmarus; forkindness Maron, hadgivenme.Hekept Apollo’s of thatsweetliquorEuanthes’son, and wentahead.Ihadagoatskinfull A wineskinfull 21 were brimmingthere— 19 inabag, 20 eachinitsclass: ‘Why not 17 Ah, 18
NOTES 21. 20. 19. 18. 17. from
other provisions. whey kids victuals the thickercurds. part ofmilkseparatedfrom medicine. music, poetry,prophecy, and ancient Greece. talents Apollo
the young goats.
(hway)
(uh POLoh) Odyssey,Part 1 units ofmoneyin (viht uhlz)
n . thin,watery
godof n . foodor
565 away from Cyclops. tell howheandhismenmoved mark theverbOdysseususesto and Odysseushismen? does itsuggestbetweenCyclops 566 avenge CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES creature doesthatverbevoke? 24. 23. 22.
from tough,flexibletwigs. boughs Agamemnon withy branches. during theTrojan War. king wholedtheGreek army
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION (uh VEHNJ)
(WIHTH ee)
Whatkindof Inlines178–180, Whatcomparison (bowz)
(ag uhMEHMnon) v
. togetrevenge n . tree
adj . made
205 200 195 190 185 180 175 215 210 We servedunder Agamemnon, uncommon: sothewillofZeuswouldhaveit. homeward bound,buttakingroutes andways by shifting galesontheGreat SouthSea; ‘We are from Troy, Achaeans, blown off course But allthesameIspokeupinreply: of thatdeeprumble andthatmightyman. We feltapressure onourhearts,indread like dice,andravageotherfolkbysea?’ Or are youwanderingrogues, whocastyourlives What bringsyouhere byseaways—afairtraffic? ‘Strangers,’ hesaid,‘whoare you? And where from? heaping onbrushwood. Intheglare hesawus. When allthesechores were done,hepokedthefire, cooling untilhedrankitforhissupper. and poured thewheytostandinbowls the unoffending guest.’ for thegods’courtesy;Zeuswill We wouldentreat you,great Sir, haveacare you give—ascustomistohonorstrangers. beholden foryourhelp,oranygifts It wasourlucktocomehere; here westand, he laidwaste,whatarmiesdestroyed. the wholeworldknowswhatcity sieved outthecurds todripinwithy thickened hismilk,then,intocurds andwhey, he madeofit,givingeachewehersuckling; and milkedhisbleatingewes. A practicedjob over thedoorsill.Nexthetookhisseat the tonnageofthatrock from where hewedgedit with heavingwagonteams,couldnothavestirred to closethecave.Two dozenfour-wheeled wagons, high overhead aslabofsolidrock and he-goatsintheyard outside,andswung the eweshemeanttomilk.Helefthisrams Then overthebroad cavernfloorheushered and weallscattered fasttothefarwall. with agreat crashintothathollowcave, to stokehisfire atsuppertime.Hedumpedit he hadaloadofdryboughs around theembers,waiting.Whenhecame and tooksomecheesetoeat;thensatinsilence We litafire, burntanoffering, no pretty sight,itturnedout,formyfriends. 22 onhisshoulder 24 sonof Atreus— avenge 23 baskets,
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 225 220 230 A windfrom seaward served him,drove usthere. We are survivors,thesegood menandI.’ broke itupontherocks at yourland’send. Poseidon And answered withaready lie: He thoughthe’dfindout,butIsawthrough this, around thepoint,ordown theshore, Iwonder?’ Tell me,where wasit,now, youleftyourship— you oryourfriends—unlessIhadawhim I wouldnotletyougoforfearofZeus— or allthegodsinbliss;wehavemore force byfar. care notawhistleforyourthunderingZeus telling me,mindthegods!We Cyclopes or elseyoucomefrom theotherendofnowhere, from hisbrute chest,unmoved: 26 Lord, whosetstheearth a-tremble, He answered this imprisoned. cave, whereOdysseusandhismenare The CyclopsPolyphemusreturnstohis ‘You are aninny, ‘My ship? 25 to. NOTES 26. 25. from
and stormsatsea. the sea,earthquakes,horses, Poseidon wish todosomething. whim the
n. Odyssey,Part 1 suddenthoughtor
(poh SY duhn) (poh SY godof
567 568 dispatched NOTES something quickly 32. 31. 28. 30. 29. 27.
lugger the wood. exposed totheweatherage season felled cap Athena uproar. din a caseholdingarrows. of wisdom,skills,andwarfare. brace
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
a quiver n
. loud,continuousnoise; green andleftto
n.
(dihs PACHT) n. chopped downand (uh THEEnuh) pair.
small sailingvessel.
(KWIHV uhr)
v . finished goddess close 265 260 255 250 245 240 235 275 270 There wasadin reset thestoneasonewouldcapaquiver. to lethissheepgothrough—but he,behind, and whiskedawayhisgreat doorslab if but Athena if And nowIpondered howtohurthimworst, rounded hisflocktohigherground, thenstillness. an olivetree, felledgreen andlefttoseason a club,orstaff, laythere alongthefold— Here are themeansIthoughtwouldservemyturn: in thefire’s heartandturnedit,toughening to makeastakewithpointed end.Iheldthis and whentheyhaditsmooth,Ihewedagain and setitdownbefore my men,whoscrapedit; chopped outasixfootsectionofthispole so long,bigaround, it seemed. NowI a deep-sea-goingcraft-—mightcarry: Then hedismembered themandmadehismeal, to beattheirbrainout,spatteringthefloor. and caughttwoinhishandslikesquirmingpuppies but inonestrideheclutchedatmycompanions Neither reply norpitycamefrom him, a lugger for Cyclops’hand. And itwas likeamast another brace his chores beingall putting thesucklingstomothers.Then, and milkedhishandsomeewes,allindueorder, lit uptheworld,Cyclopsbuiltafire When theyoungDawnwithfingertipsofrose So wewere lefttogroan andwaitformorning. move hisponderous doorwayslabaside. we perishedthere aswell,forwecouldnever when suddenfearstayedme:if Ikilledhim holds theliver. Ihadtouchedthespot along hisflanktostabhimwhere themidriff and drawingthesharpsword from myhipIwent My heartbeathighnowatthechanceofaction, then laydownlikeamastamonghissheep. with manfleshandgreat gulpsofwhey, but Cyclopswentonfillinguphisbelly powerless, lookingonatthis,appalled; We criedaloud,lifting ourhandstoZeus, everything: innards, flesh,andmarrow bones. gaping andcrunching likeamountainlion— 32 oftwentyoars,broad inthe beam— 30 27 grantedwhatIprayedfor. ofmentomakehisbreakfast, 29 ofwhistlingastheCyclops dispatched , hecaught 28
31
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 315 310 305 300 295 290 285 280 At eveningcametheshepherd withhisflock, and grindthatspikeinCyclops’eye,whenmild along withme?whosehandcouldbeartothrust Now camethetimetotossforit:who one ofthedungpilesinprofusion there. then hidit,wellbackinthecavern,under everyone callsmeNohbdy.’ My nameisNohbdy:mother, father, andfriends, the gift youpromised me,andIshalltellyou. you askmyhonorablename?Remember then Isangoutincordial tones: I sawthefuddleandflushcomeoverhim, Three bowlsIbrought him,andhepoured them down. but here’s abitofnectarandambrosia!’ out ofgrasslandandloaminheaven’srain, Even Cyclopesknowthewinegrapesgrow how are youcalled?I’llmakeagift willpleaseyou. ‘Give meanother, thankyoukindly. Tell me, so fieryandsmoothhecalledformore: He seizedanddrainedthebowl,itwentdown will anyothertravelercometoseeyou?’ unbearable, abloodymonster! After this, if youwouldhelpushome.Butare mad, under ourplanks.Imeantitforanoffering Taste it,andseethekindofdrinkwecarried Here’s liquortowashdownyourscrapsofmen. looking up,saying: holding anivybowlofmydarkdrink, My momentwasathand,andIwentforward Then hecaughttwomore menandfeastedonthem. and swiftly ranthrough allhiseveningchores. in proper order, putthelambstosuck, and sathimdowntomilkthebleatingewes He heftedhisgreat boulderintoplace or agod’sbidding—nonewere leftoutside. entered thecave:bysomesheepherding whim— his woollyflock.Theramsaswell,thistime, four strong men,andImadefiveascaptain. the menIwouldhavechosenwontoss— sleep hadmastered him? As luckwouldhaveit, ‘Cyclops, trysomewine. ‘Cyclops, ventured 33 something dangerous ventured NOTES 33. from
ambrosia and foodofthegods. nectar the (VEHN chuhrd)
(NEHK tuhr) Odyssey,Part 1
(am BROH zhuh)
v and . tried
drink
569 570 NOTES 36. 35. 34.
Polyphemus divers bored
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
v. adj. madeaholein. several;various.
(pol ihFEEmuhs) 345 340 335 330 325 320 355 350 Even ashespoke,reeled andtumbledbackward, Others comefirst.There’s anoblegift, now.’ ‘Nohbdy’s mymeat,then,afterIeathisfriends. So withourbrandwebored the two-handledstrapthatspinsitingroove. in planking,havingmenbelowtoswing turning itasashipwrighttumsdrill deep inhiscratereye,andleanedonit forward theysprinted,lifted it,andrammedit as more thannaturalforce nervedthem;straight gave meahand,luggingitneartheCyclops I drew itfrom thecoalsandmyfourfellows reddened andglowedasif abouttocatch. The pikeofolive,green thoughithadbeen, to keeptheircourageup:noquittingnow. and cheered mymenalongwithbattletalk deep intheembers,charringitagain, Now, bythegods,Idrove mybighandspike he dribbledstreams ofliquorandbitsmen. took himlikeanycreature. Drunk, hiccuping, his great headlollingtooneside;andsleep Polyphemus? to clumparound outside and call: then hesetupahowlforCyclopes threw itaway, andhiswildhandswentgroping: he tuggedthebloodyspikeoutofhiseye, and wefellbackinfear. Clawinghisface The Cyclopsbellowedandtherock roared round him, just sothateyeballhissedaround thespike. the waytheymakesoftiron haleandhard—: plunged andwrung inacoldtub,screeching steam— one seesawhite-hotaxeheadoranadze hissed broiling, andtheroots popped. Eyelid andlashwere seared; thepierced ball while bloodranoutaround thered-hot bar. Some heard him;andthey camebydivers who livedincavesonwindypeaksnearby. has trickedyou,ruined you?’ Sure noman’sdrivingoff yourflock?Noman in thestarrynight? You willnotletussleep. 36 Whydoyoucrysosore ‘What ailsyou, 34 In asmithy thatgreat eyesocket And hesaid: 35 ways
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 390 385 380 375 370 365 360 395 the giant’sblindhandsblundering neverfound. but mymenridingonthe pectoral the masterstroked eachram,thenletitpass, Blinded, andsickwithpainfrom hisheadwound, where damswithudders full calledforamilking. and pealsofbleatingechoedround thepens the ramsbegantostir, movingforpasture, When Dawnspread outher fingertipsofrose So, breathing hard, wewaiteduntilmorning. in sheepskinringletsforaniron grip. pulled uptight,withfingerstwisteddeep and hungmyself underhiskinkybelly, the woolliestram,choicestofflock, So three sheepcouldconveyeachman.Itook to ridethere safely, shieldedleftandright. then slungamanundereachmiddleone cords ofwillowfrom theogre’s bed; I tiedthemsilentlytogether, twining fleeces, adarkviolet. The Cyclops’ramswere handsome,fat,withheavy until atrickcame—anditpleasedmewell. reasoning asamanwillfordearlife, I drew onallmywits,andranthrough death satthere huge;howcouldweslipaway? But Ikeptthinkinghowtowinthegame: hoping somehowImightbesuchafool. for anysillybeastormanwhobolted— and squattedinthebreach witharmsthrown wide fumbled towrench awaythegreat doorstone Now Cyclops,wheezingasthepaincameonhim, to seehowlikeacharmthenamedeceivedthem. they trailedaway. And Iwasfilledwithlaughter Poseidon Lord, towhomyoupray.’ given bygreat Zeus.Letitbeyourfather, there inyourlonelybed,weare nouseinpain ‘Ah well,if nobodyhasplayedyoufoul ‘Nohbdy, Nohbdy’strickedme, Nohbdy’sruined me!’ the mammothPolyphemusroared inanswer: To thisrough shouttheymadeasage Three abreast Out ofthecave 38 fleece 37 reply: So saying tactics , sentence beginningonline366. the actionsofCyclopsin Odysseus usestodescribe anger, andremaining strength? reveal aboutCyclops’pain, procedures CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES tactics condition? verbs suggestaboutCyclops’ 37. 38. from
sage pectoral located inoronthechest. (TAK tihks) the
adj. Whatdothese Odyssey,Part 1
Marktheverbs Whatdoesthis (PEHK tuhruhl)
wise.
n . military
adj.
571
572
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION hidden undertheram. The Cyclopsfailstonoticethemen
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 435 430 425 420 415 410 405 400 ‘Sweet cousinram,whylagbehindtherest The Cyclopspattedhim,andthenhesaid: weighted bywoolandmewithmymeditations. Last ofthemallmyram,theleader, came, whelmed inaspuminggeyser, agiantwave Ahead ofourblackprow itstruck andsank a hilltopinhishandsand heaveditafterus. The blindthinginhisdoubledfurybroke under yourroof! Zeusandthegodshavepaidyou!’ you damnedcannibal?Eaterofguests How doyoulikethebeatingthatwegaveyou, Puny, amI,inacaveman’shands? ‘O Cyclops!Would youfeastonmycompanions? I sentafewbacktotheadversary: as faroff shore asshoutedwords wouldcarry, and struck theiroarsintothesea.Farout, They allpitchedinatloading,thenembarked move fast,andputtheship’sheadtoward thebreakers.’ and inalowvoicetoldthem:‘Loadthisherd: I hushedthem,jerkingheadandeyebrows up, tallying thosewhohadnotfledfrom death. shining; thenwesawthemturntogrief We saw, aswecamenear, ourfellows’faces and drove themdowntowhere thegoodshiplay. his fat,stiff-legged sheeptotakeaboard, With manyglancesback,werounded up going thiswayandthattountiethemen. I dropped androlled clearoftheram’sbelly, He sentusintotheopen,then.Closeby, rest from theoutrageNohbdyworkeduponme.’ his brainswouldstrew thefloor, andIshouldhave Bashed bythishandandbashedonrock wall where hemaybenow, dodgingallmyfury! Oh, hadyoubrainandvoicetotell Nohbdy willnotgetoutalive,Iswear. when hehadconquered allmywitswithwine. and hisaccurstcompanionsburntitout eye?Thatcarrionrogue over yourMaster’s Why, now, sofarbehind?Canyoubegrieving you run tobe thefirstoneinfold. leading alongthestreams, untilatevening to crop sweetgrass,andtakeyourstatelyway but grazebefore themall,andgoafar in thenightcave? You neverlingerso, 39 NOTES 39. from
carrion (rohg) the repulsive scoundrel.
Odyssey,Part 1 (KAR eeuhn)
rogue
573
punctuation inlines448–454. the firsttime? hear thecrew’s ownvoicesfor accomplish bylettingthereader 574 CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES punctuation indicate? 43. 42. 41. 40.
god Eurymus Telemus weird
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION of earthquake
n. Whatdoesthis
Markthe Whatdoesthepoet
fateordestiny. (tehl EHmuhs) (yoo RIHMuhs)
Poseidon. 465 460 455 450 445 440 475 470 of allthehappygodsormortal men.’ heal meofthisblackwound—he andnoother fathered me,and,if hewill,may his sonIam,forhebyavowal A wizard, grandandwondrous, livedhere—Telemus, praying thegodofearthquake Come back,Odysseus,andI’lltreat youwell, you putmedownwithwine,blindedme. But this,butyou—small,pitiful, andtwiggy— in giantforce, wouldcome againstmehere. Always Ihadinmindsomegiant,armed my great eyelost,andatOdysseus’ hands. and thesethingsheforetold fortimetocome: he hadinwizardry amongtheCyclopes, row, row, orperish.Sothelongoarsbent to puttheirbacksintoaracingstroke— fending usoff, withfuriousnodstoall I gotthelongestboathookoutandstood that washedtheshipsternforemost backtoshore. a sonofEurymus; ‘Now comestheweird At thishegaveamightysobandrumbled: Laertes’ son,whosehome’sonIthaca!’ Odysseus, raiderofcities,tookyoureye: how youwere puttoshameandblinded,tellhim if evermortalmaninquire but letmyangerflare andyelled: I wouldnotheedtheminmygloryingspirit, He’ll smashourtimbersandheadstogether!’ he’ll gettherangeandlobaboulder.’ ‘Give himourbearingwithyourtrumpeting, all butbeachedus.’ ‘That tidalwavehemadeonthefirstthrow Why baitthebeastagain?Lethimalone!’ in lowvoicesprotesting: Now whenIcuppedmyhandsheard thecrew until wedrew away, andtwiceasfar. kicking thefoamsternward, makinghead ‘Cyclops, 42 great lengthofdays ‘Godsake, Captain! 40 uponme,spokenofold. ‘All butstoveusin!’ 43 tobefriendyou— ‘Aye 41
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 515 510 505 500 495 490 485 480 we wenttosleepabovethe washofripples. till aftersunsetinthegathering dark we madeourfeastonmuttonandsweetwine, Now alldaylonguntilthesunwentdown and deathforthosewhosailedthem,mycompanions. destruction formyshipshehadinstore who rules theworld.ButZeusdisdainedmyoffering; The godofearthquakecouldnothealyouthere!’ your timeaway, andhurlyoudown tohell! ‘If Icouldtakeyourlife Iwouldandtake Few words Ishoutedinreply tohim: to Zeusbeyondthestormcloud,Cronus’ by theseasideandburnthislongthighbones the prizeofall,shouldgotome.Islewhim only myfightersvotedthatram, to makedivision,share andshare alike, Then weunloadedalltheCyclops’flock and wadedin,ourselves,onthesandybeach. We beachedher, grindingkeelinthesoftsand, our troubled friendswhowaited,lookingseaward. The trimshipsdrawnupsidebyside,andall as weraninsawthesquadron waiting, to bearusonward toward theisland. and whelmingseasrose giantabovethestone But itfellshort,justaftthesteeringoar, track. to letitflyintheblack-prowed vessel’s and wheeledaround, titanicforthecast, Now helaidhandsuponabiggerstone In thesewords heprayed,andthegodheard him. under strangesailtobitterdaysathome.’ Let himloseallcompanions,andreturn far bethatday, anddarktheyears between. among hisfamilyinfatherland, intend thatheshallseehisroof again who kepthishallonIthaca.Shoulddestiny see hishome:Laertes’son,Imean, grant thatOdysseus,raiderofcities,never if Iamthineindeed,andthouartfather: ‘O hearme,lord, bluegirdler oftheislands, toward theskyofstars,andprayedPoseidon: At thishestretched hishandsoutindarkness There 44 son, NOTES 44. from
Cronus Zeus. he wasoverthrown by his son was ruleroftheuniverseuntil the
Odyssey,Part 1 (KROH nuhs) Titan who Titan
575 576 NOTES 48. 47. 46. 45.
Aeolus Aeolia sea visiblefrom theshore. offing singing Laestrygonians nee uhnz)
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
n. (ee OHleeuh) nymph (EE uhluhs) distantpartofthe .
(lehs trih GOH (lehs trih hair .
Circe. 530 525 520 540 535 oarsmen inlinedippedoarsthegraysea. and filingintositbesidetherowlocks to mantheships,castoff themooringlines; touched theworld,Iroused themen,gaveorders When theyoungDawnwithfingertipsofrose eye ofHelioslightsonthose men hidden inmistandcloud. Nevertheflaming the realm andregion oftheMenWinter, our shipranonward toward theOcean’sbourne, upon thefathomlessunresting sea. till thesundipped,andallwaysgrew dark with fullsailspread allday aboveourcoursing, and letthewindsteersmanworkship so wemadefastthebraces,tookourthwarts, sent bythesingingnymphwithsunbrighthair; a canvas-bellyinglandbreeze, haleshipmate But nowabreeze cameupforusastern— in tears,withbitterandsore dread uponus. embarked theramandewewentaboard stepping ourmastandsparintheblackship; and launchedheronthesaltimmortalsea, We bore downontheshipatsea’sedge ofthe Dead Land The having ourprecious lives,butnotourfriends. So wemovedout,sadinthevastoffing, land of the dead, Hades, and consult the blind prophet Tiresias. informs him that in order to reach must he home journey to the Before Odysseus departs the from island ayear later, Circe thatdemands Circe change back into his men human form. of the into men swine. Protected amagic herb, by Odysseus island the ruled by sorceress-goddess Circe. She transforms half Odysseus and his reduced crew escape and reach Aeaea, the the issailing one he in. cannibals. creatures These destroy all of Odysseus’ ships except Odysseus and sail his men to Aeolia, where Aeolus, days and arrive in the land of the Laestrygonians, decided that are they detested sail the by for gods. seven They that drives them back to Aeolia. Aeolus casts them out, having near home, Odysseus’ the open sack, men letting loose astorm all the winds except the favorable are they west wind. When winds, Odysseus sends on his way with agift: asack containing 45 By night 48 47 arace of 46 king of the
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 585 580 575 570 565 560 555 550 545 libations as forTiresias, and burnthechoicebitsonaltarfire; before shecalved,athomeinIthaca, vowing toslaughtermybestheifer forthem Then Iaddressed theblurred andbreathless dead, clear water;andIscattered barleydown. sweet milkandhoney, thensweet wine,andlast I spadedupthevotive Now thesoulsgathered, stirringoutofErebus, letting theirblackbloodstream intothewellpit. I pledgedtheserites,thenslashedthelambandewe, Thus toassuagethenationsofdead a blacklamb,handsomestofallourflock. and tookourwayalongtheOceanstream We madetheland,putramandeweashore, ruinous night beingrove overthosewretches. nor indescendingearthward outofheaven; at morning,whenheclimbstheskyofstars, He sighed,andanswered: swifter afootthanIintheblacklugger?’ how couldyoujourneytothewesterngloom and calledouttohim: Now whenIsawhimthere Iweptforpity untouched, unmourned,whenothercares compelledus. as wehadlefthim—deadinCirce’s hall, who layunburiedstillonthewideearth One shadecamefirst—Elpenor, ofourcompany, till Ishouldknowthepresence ofTiresias. the surging phantomsfrom thebloodypit Meanwhile Icrouched withmydrawnsword tokeep to sovereign Death,topalePersephone. burnt offerings offleshtothegodsbelow— to flaythosesheepthebronze cutdown,andmake But presently Igavecommandtomyofficers with rustling cries;andIgrew sickwithfear. From everysidetheycameandsoughtthepit battle-slain, bearingstilltheirbloodygear. many were there, too,tornbybrazenlanceheads, and tendergirlswhoseheartswere newtogrief; brides andyoungmen,mengrown oldinpain, pinioned There PerimedesandEurylochus to findtheplaceforetold forusbyCirce. 52 50 round ittotheunnumbered dead: thesacred beasts.With my drawn blade 53 Iswore tosacrifice 51 ‘How isthis,Elpenor, pit,andpoured 49 55 54 NOTES 53. 50. 49. 55. 54. 51. 52. from
uh kuhs) Tiresias pinioned Perimedes Persephone Erebus votive confined orshackled. or offering. upon theground asasacrifice wine orotherliquidspoured libations fulfill avoworexpress thanks. Hades. before enteringrealm of through whichthedeadpass region undertheearth and Eurylochus the
(VOHT ihv)
(EHR uhbuhs) Odyssey,Part 1
(ty REEseeuhs)
(ly BAY shuhnz) (PIHN yuhnd)
(pehr uhMEEdeez)
(puhr SEHFuhnee)
(yoo RIHL
adj. dark doneto
v.
n.
577
578 NOTES 59. 58. 57. 56.
stones builtasamonument. Telemachus Thebes Autolycus cairn
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(kairn)
(theebz)
(aw TOL ihkuhs)
(tuh LEHMuhkuhs) n. conicalheapof 615 610 605 600 595 590 625 620 I sleptonCirce’s roof, thencouldnotsee ignoble deathIdrankwithsomuchwine. bad luckshadowedme,andnokindlypower; Odysseus, mastermarinerandsoldier, and yourownchild,onlyson,Telemachus, and father, hewhogaveyoubread inchildhood, of thosebackintheworld,nothere—your wife Now hearthegraceIprayfor, inthename snapped, andmyspiritfoundthiswellofdark. and fellthatheight.Myneckbone,buckledunder, the longsteepbackward ladder, comingdown, let mebuttasteofblood, I shallspeaktrue.’ Stand clear, putupyoursword; to seethecolddeadand joylessregion? why leavetheblazingsun,Omanofwoe, Odysseus, masteroflandwaysandseaways, bearing agoldenstaff; and headdressed me: but heldheroff, through pangonoftears, for holyTroy. SeeingthisghostIgrieved, dead now, thoughlivingstillwhenItookship Soon from thedarkthatprinceofThebes till Ishouldknowthepresence ofTiresias. my mother, daughterof Autolycus, Now camethesoulof Anticlea, dead, while thefaintimageofladspokeon. with mylongsword between,guarding theblood, So weconversed,andgrimly, atadistance, I promise youthebarrow andtheburial.’ He ceasedandIreplied: the oarIpulledinlife withmycompanions.’ Heap upthemoundthere, andimplantuponit markformentocome. an unknownsailor’s and buildacairn but fire mycorpse,andallthegearIhad, to temptthegods’wrath,whileyousailforhome; do notabandonmeunwept,unburied, there, Omylord, remember me,Ipray, you willmoorship,Iknow, upon Aeaea Island; and puttheselodgingsofdimDeathbehind, long agoleftathome. ‘Son ofLaertesandthegodsold, 57 ‘Son ofgreat Laertes, formeabovethebreakers— When youmakesail ‘Unhappy spirit, 58
59 cameforward 56
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 670 665 660 655 650 645 640 635 630 And allthisshallbejustas Iforetell.’ your countryfolkinblessedpeacearound you. when youare weariedoutwithricholdage, soft asthishandofmistwillcomeuponyou to eachinorder. Thenaseabornedeath to allwideheaven’slords, theundyinggods, and makefairsacrifice to Lord Poseidon: Halt, andimplantyoursmoothoarintheturf “What winnowingfanisthatuponyourshoulder?” can tellyouhow:somepasserbywillsay, The spotwillsoonbeplaintoyou,andI and oarsthatfledgelighthullsfordippingflight. nor seenseagoingships,withcrimsonbows with meatunsalted,neverknownthesea, until onedayyoucomewhere menhavelived go overlandonfoot,andtakeanoar, combat orbystealth—toallthesuitors, But afteryouhavedealtoutdeath—inopen Aye, youshallmakethosemenatoneinblood! eating yourlivestockastheycourtlady. your ownhousefilledwithtrouble: insolentmen under strangesailshallyoucomehome,tofind bereft ofallcompanions,lostforyears, for shipandcrew. Thoughyousurvivealone, But if youraidthebeeves,Iseedestruction and hard seafaringbringsyoualltoIthaca. and carryoutpure hecatombs a ram,bull,great buckboar;turnback, the princeofthosewithgift ofspeech: as hebentdowntothesomberblood.Thenspoke let mylongsword ringhometothepommelsilver, At thisIsteppedaside,andinthescabbard Avoid thosekine, by whomallthingsare seen,allspeechisknown. you’ll findthegrazingherds ofHelios and quitthevioletsea,darkonland When youmakelandfallonThrinaciafirst denial ofyourself, restraint ofshipmates. One narrow straitmaytakeyouthrough hisblows: in rancorforthesonwhoseeyeyoublinded. not tobeshakenfrom yourtrack,implacable, the godwhothundersonlandprepares it, are allyouseek.Butanguishliesahead; a fairwindandthehoneylightsofhome 60 holdfasttoyourintent, ‘Great captain, 61 athome future. that describewhatisinhis Odysseus’ homeandthewords mark thewords thatdescribe reaches it? and whatwillhappenbefore he conclude aboutOdysseus’goal CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES contrasting words express? 60. 61. from
one time. the slaughterof100cattleat gods inancientGreece; often, n. kine hecatombs large-scalesacrifices tothe
the (kyn) Whatdothese Odyssey,Part 1 Inlines632–637, Whatcanyou
n.
(HEHK uhtohmz) cattle.
579
580 NOTES 62.
Charybdis
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(kuh RIHBdihs) 675 685 680 addressed them,sore atheart: The crew beingnowsilent before me,I letting thewindandsteersmanworkship. So wemadefastthebraces,andrested, sent bythesingingnymphwithsunbrighthair. a canvas-bellyingbreeze, alustyshipmate But soonanoffshore breeze blewtoourliking— and allinlinedippedoarsthegraysea. They scrambledtotheirplacesbytherowlocks to getaboard andcastoff atthestern. I madestraightfortheship,roused upthemen her waylikeagreat goddessuptheisland. and onthefirstraysCirce leftme,taking As Circe spoke,Dawnmountedhergoldenthrone, The Sirens Charybdis; the perils of the monster sea Scylla and, nearby, the whirlpool Wandering Rocks, rocks sea that destroy birds even in flight: will face: the Sirens, who lure sailors to their destruction; the course to him and gives advice to on how avoid the dangers he Odysseus returns to Circe’s goddess island. reveals The his warned Odysseuswarned not to harm. portrayals ofthesefigures. bird-women, whichechoesancientGreek William Waterhouse showstheSirensas This nineteenth-centurypaintingbyJohn 62 and the cattle of the sun god, which Tiresias has
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 700 695 690 705 take more turnsoftherope tomuffle me.’ and if Ishoutandbegtobeuntied, erect alongthemast,lashedto you are totiemeup,tightasasplint, alone shouldlistentotheirsong.Therefore all sweetwithclover;yetsheurged thatI we are toshun,shesaid,andtheirgreen shore weaving ahauntingsongoverthesea or knowwhatdeathwebaffle if wecan.Sirens with oureyesopen,if weare goingtodie, so letmetellherforecast: thenwedie Circe foresaw forusandshared withme, more thanoneman,ortwo,shouldknowthosethings briskly, tofurlthesail,andstowit;then, lulled theswell. came overallthesea,asthoughsomepower Then allatoncethewindfell,andacalm the windforstrangeislandofSirens. while ourgoodshipmadetime,boundoutward down I ratherdweltonthispartoftheforecast, The crew were ontheirfeet ‘Dear friends, NOTES from the Odyssey,Part 1
581 song. of severalstanzastheSirens’ mark theendwords ofthelines Sirens’ music? contribute toasenseofthe 582 CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES each other? about thesewords inrelation to 63.
Greece. from Argos,acityinancient Argos’
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION old soldiery Whatdoyounotice Inlines719–744, Howdoesthis
soldiers 735 730 725 720 715 710 745 740 no longtask,foraburningheatcamedown and rolled theminmyhandsuntiltheysoftened— a massivecakeofbeeswaxintobits and sentthewhitefoamscuddingby. Icarved each inplace,theypoisedthesmoothoarblades off theirpoint,madeready, andtheysang: the twoSirens, notingourfastship as wecamesmartlywithinhailingdistance, and tookthemselvesagaintorowing. Soon, amidships, backtothemast,lashed thick ontheirears.Theytiedmeup,then,plumb I carriedwaxalongtheline,andlaidit from Helios,lord ofhighnoon.Goingforward ‘Untie me!’tothecrew, jerkingmybrows; made mecravetolisten,and Itriedtosay The lovelyvoicesinardor appealingoverthewater Sweet coupledairswesing. As alltheworldallows— This way,ohturnyourbows, Argos’ oldsoldiery Dark daysthebrightgodswilled, All featsonthatgreat field Graybeard andrower-boy As from oursongofTroy Sea rovers here takejoy From herthroat andmythroat, Pleased byeachpurlingnote Holds clearofentering No lifeonearthcanbe Charmed outoftimewesee. No lonelyseafarer Moor andbemerry. Wounds youbore there, In thelongwarfare, Goeth more learnèd. Voyaging onward, Who liesa-pining? Like honeytwining Our green mirror. Hid from ourdreaming. On Troy beachteeming, Achaea’s glory, 63
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 780 775 770 765 760 755 750 dropped underthesearim,andtheirsinging So allrowed on,untiltheSirens and passedmore lineabout,toholdmestill. got tohisfeet,heandEurylochus, but theybentsteadytotheoars.ThenPerimedes fetch upinthesmother, and you drown us.’ steer forthatheadland;watchthedrift, orwe keep heroutofthecombersandsmoke; all thatIsay—therudders are yourduty; You atthetiller, listen,andtakein Zeus helpuspullawaybefore wefounder. hard onyourbenches;hit thesebreaking seas. Get theoarshaftsinyourhands,andlayback We mustobeytheorders asIgivethem. something thatweremember. by hookorcrook thisperiltooshallbe to findawayoutforus? Did Inotkeepmynerve,andusewits penned usinhiscave?Whatpowerhehad! More fearsome,isitnow, thanwhentheCyclops have weneverbeenindangerbefore this? every oarsman,sayinggently, trying toputheartintothem,standingover Well, Iwalkedupanddownfrom bowtostern, with nooarbladestodriveherthrough thewater. wild alongsidetilltheshiplostway, Oars flewfrom theirhands;thebladeswentknocking a soundthemenheard, anditterrified them. and whitewater, withsoundofwavesintumult— faded inblueairthanIsawsmoke But scarcely hadthatisland Charybdis and Scylla then setmefree. the waxthatIhadlaidthickontheirears; rested ontheiroarsnow, peelingoff dwindled away. My faithfulcompany Heads up,lads! Now Isay ‘Friends, 64 NOTES 64. from
beach andtheoceanspray. large wavesthatbreak onthe the combers andthesmoke the Odyssey,Part 1
583
584 NOTES 67. 68. 69. 66. 65.
Scylla (themonster). terrors—Charybdis (thewhirlpool)and An artist’s renderingofthetwo work. travail gorge maelstrom cuirass Scylla gullet. large, violentwhirlpool. the upperbody.
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(SIHL uh) (gawrj) (truh VAYL)(truh (kwih RAS)
(MAYL struhm)
n. throat or
n. n. armorfor veryhard
n.
795 790 785 805 800 the rock bellowingallaround, anddark so Itiedonmycuirass bidding againstarmshadslippedmymind, to roll forcoverunderthedecking.Circe’s They wouldhavedropped theiroarsagain,inpanic, told themnothing,astheycoulddonothing. in travail, could Icatchsightofher. upon thecliffside veiledincloud,butnowhere torment formyfriends.Istrainedeyes the monsterofgrayrock, harboring to theforedeck—thinking toseeherfirstfrom there, two heavyspears,thenmademywayalong and onourstarboard beam Charybdis,dire we rowed intothestrait—Scyllatoport gorge we sawthefunnelof maelstrom, But whensheswallowedtheseawaterdown soared tothelandsideheights, andfelllikerain. suddenly heavesandrises. seething overintensefire, whenthemixture vomited, alltheseawaslikeacauldron But asIsentthemontoward Scylla, That wasall,anditbrought themround toaction. 68 ofthesaltseatide.Byheaven!whenshe 67 sobbing,gainingonthecurrent, 66 andtookup And allthistime, The shotspume 65 69 I heard
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 835 830 825 820 815 810 840 A mansurfcastingonapointofrock of beingdevoured. were fixeduponthatyawningmouthinfear My menallblanchedagainstthegloom,oureyes sand ragedonthebottomfarbelow. or wepaydearlyforit. the cattlehere are notfor our provision, our stores are intheship’s hold,foodanddrink; I mustered allthecrew andsaid: where nymphshadchairs ofrock andsandedfloors. to coverinagrotto, asea cave touched thewindyworld,wedraggedourship so, justasDawnwithfingertipsofrose shrouded landandseain anightofstorm; blew from heaven,andclouds drivenbyZeus had gonedowntotheirsetting,agiantwind that shoneoutinthefirstduskofevening In thesmallhoursofthird watch,whenstars God ofthe Sun Cattle The and Scylladropped astern. The Rockswere nowbehind;Charybdis,too, questing thepassesofstrangesea. at thatsight—fartheworstIeversuffered, and deathlypityranmethrough in thedire grapple,reaching stillforme— She atethemastheyshriekedthere, inherden, were bornealoftinspasmstoward thecliff. to danglewrigglingthrough theair: will hookafishandripitfrom thesurface to drop thesinkerandbaitfarout, for bassormackerel, whippinghislongrod in anguish,callingmynameforthelasttime. high overhead. Voices camedowntome and caughtsightoftheirarmslegs,dangling I happenedtoglanceaftatshipandoarsmen whisking sixofmybestmenfrom theship. Then Scyllamadeherstrike, We rowed on. ‘Old shipmates, so these sports activity. lines 815–820thatdescribea comparison suggestabout Scylla’s power? CONCLUDE: QUESTION: ANNOTATE: CLOSE READ NOTES actions? liken thisactivitytoScylla’s from the WhydoesHomer Odyssey,Part 1 Markthewords in Whatdoesthis
585 586 NOTES 71. 70.
Olympus, homeofthegods. Lord Olympus
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION of Noon
(oh LIHMpuhs)
Helios. Mount 870 865 860 855 850 845 875 All deathsare hatefultous,mortalwretches, with everybeautyfortheLord ofNoon. we’ll buildacostlytempleandadornit if everthatdaycomes— and onceathome,intheoldcountryofIthaca, for sacrifice tothegodswhoownsky; Come, we’llcutoutthenoblestofthesecattle end thatamancancometo. but famineisthemostpitiful, theworst ‘You’ve gonethrough everything;listentowhatIsay. made hisinsidiousplea: under slowdrops ofsleep. but they, foranswer, onlyclosedmyeyes than wastetoskinandbones onalonelyisland!’ open yourlungstoabigseaonceforall make causewithhim,why, thenIsay:Better wishing ourshipdestroyed, andif thegods But if heflares upoverhisheifers lost, to thegodswhoownOlympus, I washedmyhandsthere, andmadesupplication to asheltered spot,outofthedrivinggale. Slipping away, Istruck across theisland that onemightshowmesomewayofsalvation. to praythegodsinsolitude,forhope So onedayIwithdrew totheinterior wore theirbelliesthin. whatever fellintotheirhands;andleandays with anglinghooks,forfishesandseafowl, hunger drove themtoscourthewildshore when allthebarleyinshipwasgone, they wouldnottouchthecattle.Butinend, to keepthemenup,andappeasetheircraving, As longasbread andgoodred wineremained day in,out—southwinds,orsouthbyeast. we hadamonthofonshore gales,blowing To thismyfightersnodded. Yes. Butnow Helios; andnomanavoidshiseye.’ who cherishestheseheifers andthesesheep: The stormscontinued. Now ontheshore Eurylochus Fierce thegodis Will youfightit? 70 allthegods— ‘Comrades,’ hesaid, 71
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 915 910 905 900 895 890 885 880 Restitution orpenaltytheyshallpay— and evening,whenIbore westward from heaven. at morningwhenIclimbedtheskyofstars, now theyhavekilledmypeacefulkine,joy punish Odysseus’men!Sooverweening, ‘O FatherZeusandgodsinblissforever, burst intoangryspeechamidtheimmortals: ‘They havekilledyourkine.’ had borneswift word totheOverlord ofNoon: splinters oftheirshipinthe winedarksea.’ Let methrow downonewhite-hot bolt,andmake shine overmortalsinthefieldsofgrain. ‘Peace, Helios:shineonamongthegods, Then Zeuswhodrivesthestormcloudmadereply: to lightthedeadmeninunderworld.’ and payinfull—orIgodownforever around theirchosenbeastsinceremony. were grazingnear, andsoonthemendrew up Now, thatdaytranquilcattlewithbroad brows trooping awayatoncetoround upheifers. Thus Eurylochus;andtheymurmured ‘Aye!’ Lampetia Here theysat,andagreat worktheycontrived.’ O cruel drowsing, intheevilhour! you mademesleepawaythisdayofmischief! ‘O FatherZeusandgodsinblissforever, grief tookholdofme,andIcriedaloud: odors ofburntfateddiedaround me; had Icaughtsightofourblackhull,thansavory and Iwentdowntheseaward path.Nosooner left meinarush, myeyesopened, they spittedthecarvedmeat. and whentheboneswere burntandtripesshared, with clearspringwater, broiling theentrailsfirst; Then, astheyhadnowine,madelibation with stripsofmeat,were laiduponthefire. to wrapindoublefoldsoffat.Theseofferings, and flayedeachcarcass, cuttingthighbonesfree performed theprayersandritual,knifed thekine having nobarleymeal—tostrew thevictims, They pluckedtheleavesthatshoneonatalloak— 73 inherlonggownmeanwhile And theLord Helios Just thenmyslumber 72 NOTES 73. 72. from
Lampetia devised. contrived nymph. the Odyssey,Part 1
(lam PEEshuh) v. thoughtup; a
587 588 NOTES 76. 75. 74.
beeves Hermes dark seabirds. petrels messenger oftheothergods. who servesasheraldand plural formof“beef.”
UNIT 5•JOURNEYS OFTRANSFORMATION
(PEH truhlz) (beevz) (HUR meez)
n. alternate alternate
n. n. small,
god 950 945 940 935 930 925 920 955 The silkenbeeves could anyremedy befound?There wasnone. I facedeachman,andhaditout;butwhere Well, whenIreached theseacaveandship, like petrels They cameup’round the wreck, bobbingawhile and allthemenwere flung intothesea. so thatshebucked,inreeking fumesofsulphur, a boltagainsttheship,direct hit, With crackonofthunder, Zeusletfly as thebravesoulfledbody, likeadiver. bashing theskullin,knockinghimoverside, the masthadhitsteersmanaslantblow showered intothebilge. along theship’slength,sorunning rigging both forestays, andthemastcametopplingaft struck whiningfrom thewest,withgaleforce, breaking We heldourcourse,butbriefly. Thenthesquall above theship,whilegloomspread ontheocean. when ZeusCronion piledathunderhead showed anywhere, butonlyseaandheaven, the islandcoastlinefaded,andnoland to makefortheopensea. Astern ofus we launchedagain,steppingthemastandsail, had ceased,blownout,andwithanoffshore breeze added onefinemorning. from Hellos’herd; andZeus,thesonofCronus, upon theprimebeeftheyhadmarkedforslaughter Now sixfulldaysmygallantcrew couldfeast and roasted, lowedlikekineuponthespits. cowhides begantocrawl,andbeef,bothraw The gods,moreover, madequeersignsappear: floated free; themast,too,broke away. split her, keelfrom ribs,andthebigtimber fore andaftmyhulkuntilacomber the godhadturnedhisfacefrom them. homeward forthese,nosweet dayofreturn; as shedeclared thatHermes —Calypso latertoldmeofthisexchange, 76 onthewaves. 75 ofHelloswere dead. No more seafaring On theafterdeck 74 hadtoldher. I clambered All thegales
© Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All rights reserved. reproduce ortransfer theworkviaanymediummustbesecured withFarrar, StrausandGiroux, LLC. LLC. CAUTION:Usersare thatthisworkisprotected warned undercopyrightlawsanddownloadingisstrictlyprohibited. Therightto renewed 1989byBenedictR.C.Fitzgerald,onbehalf oftheFitzgeraldchildren. Reprinted bypermissionofFarrar, StrausandGiroux, Excerpts from the 995 990 985 980 975 970 965 960 upon Ogygia before Imadeshore, buoyedupbythegods, nine daysIdrifted intheopensea kept mefrom hereyes.Oncethrough thestrait, had nottheFatherofgodsandmen, to passbyScylla.NevercouldIhavepassedher pulled astride,androwed hard withmyhands straight intothefoambesidetimbers, Now Iletgowithhandsandfeet,plunging the longpolesatlastreared from thesea. between contentiousmen,goeshometosupper, and judgespleasinthemarketplaceallday till, atthetwilighthour, whenonewhohears And ah!howlong,withwhatdesire, Iwaited! would comebacktothesurfacewhenshespouted. But Iclunggrimly, thinkingmymastandkeel massed, overshadowingCharybdispool. above myheadthebranchesandtheirleaves, Calypso livesandsingsthere, inherbeauty, with tiresome repetition ofastory.” made alongevening,andIdonothold to youandyourlady?Thoseadventures the sametalethatItoldlastnightinhall and shereceived me,lovedme. riding thefrightfulstorm. mast andkeeltogether. TheseIstraddled, rawhide rope, andIusedthisforlashing A backstayfloateddanglingfrom it,stout The root andbole Nowhere hadItostand,nowayofclimbing, catching onlikeabatunderbough. tossed me,andIsprangforthegreat figtree, There, asthewhirlpooldranktide,abillow off ScyllamountainandCharybdisdeep. and inthesunrise,sure enough,Ilay straight forCharybdis. All thatnightIdrifted, twist oftheknife—taking menorthagain, dropped, andasoutheastgalecameon—onemore seen theworstofit:fornowwestwind Odyssey 79 Isle.Thedangerous nymph byHomer, translatedbyRobertFitzgerald.Copyright ©1961,1963byRobertFitzgerald.Copyright 77 beingfarbelow, andfar But whytell Nor hadIyet 78 thistime, NOTES 77. 79. 78. from
bole Ogygia Father
the (bohl) .
Odyssey,Part 1 (o JIHJeeuh) men
n. tree trunk. Zeus.
589