Analytical Scientist
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B. Jill Venton, Ph.D
B. Jill Venton, Ph.D. P.O. Box 400319 phone: (434) 243-2132 Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319 email: [email protected] Positions and Employment Professor, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 2016-present Associate Professor, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 2011-2016 Assistant Professor, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 2005-2011 Department of Chemistry and Neuroscience Graduate Program Research interests: Development of new carbon nanotube-based biosensors Electrochemical sensors for understanding adenosine signaling Measurements of neurotransmitters in Drosophila Rapid capillary electrophoresis for monitoring neurotransmitter changes Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 2003-2005 Advisors: Robert Kennedy (Chemistry) and Terry Robinson (Psychology) Research: Rapid detection of amino acids changes during fear behavior using capillary electrophoresis Education Ph.D., Chemistry (Analytical), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 2003 Advisor: Mark Wightman Dissertation: Electrochemical detection of chemical dynamics in the rat brain B.S., Chemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 1998 Honors degree, summa cum laude Research Advisor: Murray Johnston Undergraduate thesis: Secondary structure of oligonucleotides probed by MALDI Awards and Fellowships Society for Electroanalytical Chemistry (SEAC) Young Investigator Award 2011 Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar 2010 American Chemical Society PROGRESS/Dreyfus Foundation Lectureship 2008 Eli Lilly Young Analytical Investigator -
Section 2 Contribution of Science and Technology to Global Issues
Chapter 1 Progress in Science and Technology and Socioeconomic Changes Section 2 Contribution of Science and Technology to Global Issues From the end of the 19th century to the 20th century, science and technology has rapidly advanced. Chemical industry, electrical industry and heavy industry and so on emerged and we have advanced forward to ages of mass production and mass consumption, when goods could be transported in bulk to distant locations for a short period, as physical distribution, including railways, cars and airplanes, developed. This accompanied the mass disposal of goods and mass consumption of energy, highlighting the Chapter 1 risk of depletion of limited resources, global warming, the destruction of ecosystems and the crisis in the global environment. Science and technology that changed our lives were explained in Section 1 of this chapter, but as well as changing our lives in terms of key daily lifestyle elements, science and technology are also crucial to solve global issues such as climate change, natural resource depletion and energy. There are significant expectations as to how science and technology can contribute to solve global issues. This section addresses the social contribution of science and technology in Japan domestically and internationally. 1 Contribution to Global Warming Countermeasures ○ Global warming state Climate changes caused by global warming are Average global surface temperature (land + sea) anomaly one of the most urgent problems which the world faces. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)1, awarded the Nobel Peace Prize Year in 2007, published the Synthesis Report of Fifth Changes in average global sea level Assessment Report in 2014. -
Greetings from Director of RIEM Greetings from Director of RIPM
Greetings from director of RIEM The Research Institute for Engineering Measurement (RIEM) has a lot of researchers and experts from mechanical engineering, applied physics, measurement and control, and information technology (number of staff: about 70). We have three important missions. The first mission is to contribute to international activities related to legal metrology and to steadily conduct legal metrology services such as type approval test of specified measuring instruments and inspection of verification standards used in local verification offices, in cooperation with the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. The second is to develop, maintain, and smoothly disseminate national measurement standards for length, mass, and their related derived quantities. Dr. OTA Akihiro The third is to promote the advancement of high-precision measurement technology and data science technology on the basis of our measurement standards, and to connect their research outcomes to companies for future national and international businesses. We hope to promote research activities to solve social problems such as energy and environmental constraints and COVID-19 infection, and to create innovations that will contribute to industrial competitiveness. Greetings from director of RIPM According to the 5-year midterm plan of AIST which started in April 2020, the Research Institute for Physical Measurement (RIPM), which consists of twelve research groups with over 80 researchers, started new challenges to develop and disseminate the national measurement standards in the fields of electricity, time and frequency, temperature, and optical radiation – all of which underpin the industrial competitiveness, product reliability, and safety in our daily lives. In particular, the RIPM will contribute to cutting- edge research and development for measurement standards such as optical lattice clocks towards the redefinition of the second, and quantum current standards using single-electron pump devices for quantum metrology triangle experiments. -
HOPE Meetings Are Held for Excellent Graduate Students and Young Researchers Specially Selected from Countries Around the 9Th Asia-Pacific and Africa Region
For Overseas Cooperating Institutions Objective HOPE Meetings are held for excellent graduate students and young researchers specially selected from countries around the 9th Asia-Pacific and Africa region. These meetings give an opportunity for the participants to engage in interdisciplinary discussions with Nobel laureates and other distinguished HOPE MEETING scientists pioneering the frontiers of knowledge. They also give the participants, who lodge together over the course of the event, a chance to make friends and form collegial networks with Nobel Laureates with peers from the regions. The title “HOPE Meeting” signifies the promise held for the future roles of young researchers and optimism for creating a bright S&T future within the global community. Date F ebruary 26- ■ Saturday, February 25: Orientation & Registration M arch 2, 2017 ■ Sunday, February 26: Nobel Prize Dialogue Tokyo 2017 Organizer Venue Tokyo , JAPAN Office of the HOPE Meetings, JSPS E-mail [email protected] Tel: +81-3-3263-2414 Fax:+81-3-3234-3700 HOPE MEETINGS with Nobel Laureates Organizing Committee of the HOPE Meetings ■ Chair Makoto Kobayashi <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2008> Honorary Professor Emeritus, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) ■ Members Noriko Osumi Mitsuhiko Shionoya Tohoku University The University of Tokyo Takaaki Kajita <Nobel Laureate in Physics 2015> Yousuke Takahama The University of Tokyo Tokushima University Kazuhiro Kosuge Fumio Hanaoka Tohoku University Tsukuba University Program of the HOPE Meeting The program -
Brief Biography of Professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr
Brief biography of professor Richard Zare Born on 19 November, 1939 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Dr. Richard Zare is the Marguerite Blake Wilbur Professor in Natural Science, Department of Chemistry, Stanford University. His research covers many different areas but is quite noted for advances in laser chemistry, resulting in a greater understanding of chemical reactions at the molecular level and contributing very significantly to solving a variety of problems in chemical analysis. His development of laser induced fluorescence as a method for studying reaction dynamics has been widely adopted in other laboratories. Awards include the U.S. National Medal of Science (1983), the Welch Award in Chemistry (1999), the Wolf Prize in Chemistry (2005), the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in the Basic Sciences (2010), and the King Faisal International Prize in Science (2011). He has also received honorary doctorates from Uppsala University and Chalmers Institute of Technology among other institutions. His memberships include the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society, the Swedish Royal Academy of Engineering Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Indian Academy of Sciences, and The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) for developing countries. From 1992 to 1998, he served on the National Science Board, the policy making board of the United States National Science Foundation, the last two years as its Chair. He presently chairs COSEPUP, the Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Brief biography of professor Stefan W. Hell Stefan W. Hell is a director at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry in Göttingen, where he leads the Department of NanoBiophotonics. -
Profound Neuronal Plasticity in Response to Inactivation of the Dopamine Transporter
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 95, pp. 4029–4034, March 1998 Neurobiology Profound neuronal plasticity in response to inactivation of the dopamine transporter SARA R. JONES*, RAUL R. GAINETDINOV*, MOHAMED JABER*†,BRUNO GIROS*‡,R.MARK WIGHTMAN§, AND MARC G. CARON*¶ *Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratories, Department of Cell Biology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710; and §Department of Chemistry and Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 Edited by P. S. Goldman-Rakic, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, and approved January 2, 1998 (received for review October 13, 1997) ABSTRACT The dopamine transporter (DAT) plays an ine the importance of the DAT, we created a strain of mice important role in calibrating the duration and intensity of lacking the dopamine tranporter protein using homologous dopamine neurotransmission in the central nervous system. recombination (11). The most obvious phenotype of these We have used a strain of mice in which the gene for the DAT genetically modified animals is their marked spontaneous has been genetically deleted to identify the DAT’s homeostatic hyperlocomotion, which is similar to animals on high doses of role. We find that removal of the DAT dramatically prolongs psychostimulants. In this work, we examine the underlying the lifetime (300 times) of extracellular dopamine. Within the biochemical changes that accompany this genetic alteration. time frame of neurotransmission, no other processes besides Although the contribution of the DAT to the dynamics of diffusion can compensate for the lack of the DAT, and the dopamine in the extracellular space is well appreciated, this absence of the DAT produces extensive adaptive changes to work reveals the central role of the DAT in the regulation of control dopamine neurotransmission. -
Mass Spectrometer, Mr
Messages from Modern Inventors to the Next Generations 5. Mass Spectrometer, Mr. Koichi Tanaka, Shimadzu Corporation “Mass spectrometry” means “to determine the weight of an object.” It is crucially important to be able to determine the weight (mass) and structures of the proteins that make up living matter when diagnosing diseases and developing new drugs. Nevertheless, determining the mass of proteins, which are very small and consist of molecules, requires a variety of techniques. Mr. Tanaka created the first invention in the world to make possible the “ionization of proteins without decomposition,” which is necessary to determine the mass of proteins. For this accomplishment, he was awarded the Nobel Prize and recognized as the twelfth Japanese Nobel Laureate. What inspired you to become an inventor/researcher? When I was a child, I preferred to think and act for myself, rather than to do just what I was told to do, which is still the way I am now. Thanks in part to the instructional approaches used by my teachers, it was truly a pleasure to participate in a science class and especially experiments, in which I was pleased to discover what had been unknown or what I had not known, rather than to find out textbook results. I was fond of science and experiments and grew up in a place rich in nature, all of which made me think of studying science in the future. Especially, in my childhood, new electric appliances and cars were being developed one after another, dramatically improving our daily lives, so it was no wonder that individuals attracted to science and experiments like me aspired to become engineers. -
Serotonin) Neuronal Release and Uptake: an Investigation of Extrasynaptic Transmission
The Journal of Neuroscience, July 1, 1998, 18(13):4854–4860 Quantitative Evaluation of 5-Hydroxytryptamine (Serotonin) Neuronal Release and Uptake: An Investigation of Extrasynaptic Transmission Melissa A. Bunin and R. Mark Wightman Curriculum in Neurobiology and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290 Whether neurotransmitters are restricted to the synaptic cleft tration of 5-HT released per stimulus pulse in both regions to be (participating only in hard-wired neurotransmission) or diffuse to identical when elicited by single pulse stimulations or trains at remote receptor sites (participating in what has been termed high frequency. 5-HT efflux elicited by a single stimulus pulse volume or paracrine transmission) depends on a number of was unaffected by uptake inhibition or receptor antagonism. factors. These include (1) the location of release sites with Thus, synaptic efflux is not restricted by binding to intrasynaptic respect to the receptors, (2) the number of molecules released, receptors or transporters. The number of 5-HT molecules re- (3) the diffusional rate away from the release site, determined by leased per terminal was estimated in the substantia nigra re- both the geometry near the release site as well as binding ticulata and was considerably less than the number of 5-HT interactions, and (4) the removal of transmitter by the relevant transporter and receptor sites, reinforcing the hypothesis that transporter. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry allows for the detec- these sites are extrasynaptic. Furthermore, the detected extra- tion of extrasynaptic concentrations of many biogenic amines, synaptic concentrations closely match the affinity for the pre- permitting direct access to many of these parameters. -
CHEMISTRY Life in an RNA World
wint'00.html Vol. I U · C H E M I S T R Y Life in an RNA World by Donald H. Burke, Assistant Professor of Chemistry Donald Burke joined the chemistry department as an assistant professor after receiving a PhD at the University of Califormia, Berkeley, and postdoctoral studies at the University of Colorado. We are indebted to him for this summary of the ongoing efforts in his and others' laborotories in this exciting research area. The Editors RNA-based life? It is the sort of thing they might have used on Star Trek, if they could have found a way to work it into the plot. They had creatures made from gigantic crystals, swarms of microscopic robots with a collective consciousness, and creatures that floated through outer space. Vulcan biochemistry was different enough that it used copper in place of iron to carry oxygen. Why not a cellular life form devoid of proteins, that used RNA molecules to perform catalysis and maintain genetic information? For the most part, if a macromolecule is doing work in a cell here on earth, that molecule is a protein, with a few notable, but isolated exceptions. Does it have to be that way? Can RNA replace proteins or even repair metabolic damage wrought by proteins that misbehave? The question lies at the heart of some avenues of biomedical and microbial engineering, and the answer may reveal much about the earliest forms of life on earth. The last four decades have seen a steady shift in the perception of RNA's role in biology. -
Mosher History
VI. PROFESSORS, BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL SUMMARIES 1976-2000 These brief biographical summaries, listed in the order of their appointments to the faculty, are not intended to be complete and will of course become out of date after the year 2000. The reader is referred to contemporary volumes of American Men and Women of Science for more information and to the ACS Directory of Graduate Research for publication lists. JAMES MURRAY LUCK. Biochem. B.S. Toronto, Ph.D. Cambridge, England, 1925. Student of J.B.S. Haldane and Sir Gowland Hopkins. Demonstrator Toronto, 1925-26; Asst. Prof. to Prof., Stanford 1926-34, Prof. 1934-65; Emeritus 1965. “1856 Exhibitor Research Scholarship”. Founding editor of Annual Reviews of Biochemistry and the many subsequent Annual Reviews Series in other fields. Fellow AAAS, Fellow Calif. Acad. Sci. Born Paris, Ontario, Canada 1898. Died Stanford 8/26/1993. WILLIAM ANDREW BONNER. Org. Chem. A.B. Harvard, Ph.D. Northwestern, 1944. Student of C.D. Hurd. Instr. to Prof., Stanford 1946-59, Prof. 1959-83, Emeritus 1983. Guggenheim Fellow ETH, Zurich, Switzerland 1953. Born Chicago 1919. RICHARD HALLENBECK EASTMAN. Org. Chem. A.B. Princeton, Ph.D. Harvard, 1944. Student of R.B. Woodward. Asst. Harvard 1944-46; Instr. to Prof., Stanford 1946-59; Prof. 1959-83, Emeritus 1983. NSF Fellow, U. Marburg 1958-59. Born Erie, PA 1918. Died Stanford 6/18/2000. HARRY STONE MOSHER. Org. Chem. A.B. Willamette U., M.S. Ore. State Coll., Ph.D. Penn. State Coll. 1942. Student of F.C. Whitmore. Asst. Prof. Willamette 1939-40; Penn. State Coll.1942-47; Asst. -
Chemistry Nobel Prize 2002 Goes to Analytical Chemistry
CHEMISTRY NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS 2002 73 CHIMIA 2003, 57, No. 1/2 Chimia 57 (2003) 73–73 © Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft ISSN 0009–4293 Chemistry Nobel Prize 2002 Goes to Analytical Chemistry K. Wüthrich J.B. Fenn K. Tanaka October 2002 was a great month for complexes, the ribosome, or even intact 2nd Japan–China Joint Symposium on Swiss science with Kurt Wüthrich of the viruses by using ESI. Fenn did his original Mass Spectrometry, and published them in ETH Zürich winning the Chemistry Nobel work on ESI while a professor at Yale Uni- 1988 (Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. prize 2002. The other half of the 2002 versity in the early 1980s. Coming from the 1988, 2, 151–153). In his original work, Chemistry Nobel prize went jointly to field of molecular beams, he was following Tanaka and his coworkers used a sample John B. Fenn of the Virginia Common- up on earlier (but unsuccessful) work by preparation where the analyte is mixed with wealth University (Richmond, USA) and to Malcolm Dole to produce gas-phase ions ultrafine cobalt powder and glycerol as a Koichi Tanaka of Shimadzu Corp. (Kyoto, from very large molecules. Fenn’s experi- vacuum-stable binding medium. When ir- Japan), who independently developed tech- ence with molecular beam methods helped radiated with a pulse from a low energy ni- niques to ionize large molecules for study him to succeed where the earlier research in trogen laser, the metal particles heat up rap- by mass spectrometry. This recognition for this direction had failed. Because electro- idly, releasing glycerol and intact analyte the development of analytical methods for spray ionization produces multiply charged molecules into the gas phase. -
A Life Like a Beaker, Full of Molecules and Surprises
A life like a beaker, full of molecules and surprises (Conversation with Prof. Richard N. Zare) Dr. Giacomo Melani Sometimes we get the chance to meet great people, whom for instance we admire for their professional accomplishments or successes, although quite often we just read or hear about them in books or journals. To me, great scientists have always created this sense of fascination. One of them is for sure Richard N. Zare. In my second year of the undergraduate degree in chemistry in Pisa, I happened to read an interview of him between the chapters of the Skoog and West “Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry”. It was mainly devoted to his contributions to the field of laser spectroscopy, being Zare the discoverer of a technique named “Laser-Induced Fluorescence”, or LIF. But Richard Zare has not been just a pioneer of spectroscopic techniques in chemistry, since in his more than half-a-century career he has contributed to many different fields in the chemical sciences, from reaction dynamics to micro-analysis for biomedicine. All of this to say that the name of “Dick” Zare stacked in my head and I kept reading of his work and also of his articles related to chemical education, being him a chaired professor at Stanford University for more than 30 years. A few days ago I accidentally came across one of his commentaries, which he wrote for the Journal of Chemical Education, entitled “On the Love of Teaching and the Challenge of Online Learning: A Few Reflections”. Strange enough, this article was not written as a result of the ongoing distance teaching due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but already in the year 2000.