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Clinically Significant Avoidance of Public
Journal of Anxiety Disorders 23 (2009) 1170–1176 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Anxiety Disorders Clinically significant avoidance of public transport following the London bombings: Travel phobia or subthreshold posttraumatic stress disorder? Rachel V. Handley a,*, Paul M. Salkovskis a, Peter Scragg b, Anke Ehlers a a King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychology, and Centre for Anxiety Disorders and Trauma, London, UK b Trauma Clinic, London, UK ARTICLEI NFO ABSTRA CT Article history: Following the London bombings of 7 July 2005 a ‘‘screen and treat’’ program was set up with the aim of Received 6 March 2008 providing rapid treatment for psychological responses in individuals directly affected. The present study Received in revised form 28 July 2009 found that 45% of the 596 respondents to the screening program reported phobic fear of public transport Accepted 28 July 2009 in a screening questionnaire. The screening program identified 255 bombing survivors who needed treatment for a psychological disorder. Of these, 20 (8%) suffered from clinically significant travel phobia. Keywords: However, many of these individuals also reported symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]. Terrorist violence Comparisons between the travel phobia group and a sex-matched group of bombing survivors with PTSD Specific phobia showed that the travel phobic group reported fewer re-experiencing and arousal symptoms on the Posttraumatic stress disorder Screening Trauma Screening Questionnaire (Brewin et al., 2002). The only PTSD symptoms that differentiated the groups were anger problems and feeling upset by reminders of the bombings. There was no difference between the groups in the reported severity of trauma or in presence of daily transport difficulties. -
ICD-10 Mental Health Billable Diagnosis Codes in Alphabetical
ICD-10 Mental Health Billable Diagnosis Codes in Alphabetical Order by Description IICD-10 Mental Health Billable Diagnosis Codes in Alphabetic Order by Description Note: SSIS stores ICD-10 code descriptions up to 100 characters. Actual code description can be longer than 100 characters. ICD-10 Diagnosis Code ICD-10 Diagnosis Description F40.241 Acrophobia F41.0 Panic Disorder (episodic paroxysmal anxiety) F43.0 Acute stress reaction F43.22 Adjustment disorder with anxiety F43.21 Adjustment disorder with depressed mood F43.24 Adjustment disorder with disturbance of conduct F43.23 Adjustment disorder with mixed anxiety and depressed mood F43.25 Adjustment disorder with mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct F43.29 Adjustment disorder with other symptoms F43.20 Adjustment disorder, unspecified F50.82 Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder F51.02 Adjustment insomnia F98.5 Adult onset fluency disorder F40.01 Agoraphobia with panic disorder F40.02 Agoraphobia without panic disorder F40.00 Agoraphobia, unspecified F10.180 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced anxiety disorder F10.14 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced mood disorder F10.150 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with delusions F10.151 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder with hallucinations F10.159 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder, unspecified F10.181 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced sexual dysfunction F10.182 Alcohol abuse with alcohol-induced sleep disorder F10.121 Alcohol abuse with intoxication delirium F10.188 Alcohol -
Serious Mental Illness (SMI)
Serious Mental Illness (SMI) BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS Topics > Overview > Mental Health > Mental Illness > Serious Mental Illness (SMI) > Types of SMI (Definitions, Symptoms, Diagnoses, Causes, Treatments) > Major Depression > Schizophrenia > Bipolar Disorder > Obsessive Compulsive Disorder > Panic Disorder > Posttraumatic Stress Disorder > Borderline Personality > Culturally Competent Treatment > Summary BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS 6/17/2016 | 2 Serious Mental Illness Mental Health > Refers to the maintenance of successful mental activity > Including: > Performing productive daily activities > Maintaining fulfilling relationships with others > Maintaining the ability to adapt to change and > Coping with stresses BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS 6/17/2016 | 3 Serious Mental Illness What is Mental Illness? > Refers to a wide range of mental health conditions > Disorders that affect your: > Mood > Thinking, and > Behavior > Affect a person’s ability to function in everyday life > Examples are: > Anxiety, depression, eating disorders, addictive behaviors BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS 6/17/2016 | 4 Serious Mental Illness Symptoms of Mental Illness > Having difficulty thinking > Problems with attention > Extreme emotional highs and lows > Problems sleeping BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS 6/17/2016 | 5 Serious Mental Illness What is Serious Mental Illness? Criteria > Person 18 years or older, who meets two (2) additional levels of criteria. o Criteria 1 and criteria 2 or o Criteria 1 and criteria 3 > All three (3) criteria are described on the following pages BEACON HEALTH OPTIONS -
An Evidence Based Guide to Anxiety in Autism
Academic excellence for business and the professions The Autism Research Group An Evidence Based Guide to Anxiety in Autism Sebastian B Gaigg, Autism Research Group City, University of London Jane Crawford, Autism and Social Communication Team West Sussex County Council Helen Cottell, Autism and Social Communication Team West Sussex County Council www.city.ac.uk November 2018 Foreword Over the past 10-15 years, research has confirmed what many parents and teachers have long suspected – that many autistic children often experience very significant levels of anxiety. This guide provides an overview of what is currently known about anxiety in autism; how common it is, what causes it, and what strategies might help to manage and reduce it. By combining the latest research evidence with experience based recommendations for best practice, the aim of this guide is to help educators and other professionals make informed decisions about how to promote mental health and well-being in autistic children under their care. 3 Contents What do we know about anxiety in autism? 5 What is anxiety? 5 How common is anxiety and what does it look like in autism? 6 What causes anxiety in autism? 7-9 Implications for treatment approaches 10 Cognitive Behaviour Therapy 10 Coping with uncertainity 11 Mindfulness based therapy 11 Tools to support the management of anxiety in autism 12 Sensory processing toolbox 12-13 Emotional awareness and alexithymia toolbox 14-15 Intolerance of uncertainty toolbox 16-17 Additional resources and further reading 18-19 A note on language in this guide There are different preferences among members of the autism community about whether identity-first (‘autistic person’) or person-first (‘person with autism’) language should be used to describe individuals who have received an autism spectrum diagnosis. -
EMDR Therapy Protocol for Panic Disorders with Or Without Agoraphobia 53
PANIC DISORDER AND AGORAPHOBIA EMDR Therapy Protocol for Panic Disorders 2 With or Without Agoraphobia Ferdinand Horst and Ad de Jongh Introduction Panic disorder, as stated in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fi fth edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) is characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks and by hyperarousal symptoms like palpitations, pounding heart, chest pain, sweating, trembling, or shaking. These symptoms can be experienced as cata- strophic (“I am dying”) and mostly have a strong impact on daily life. When panic disorder is accompanied by severe avoidance of places or situations from which escape might be diffi cult or embarrassing, it is specifi ed as “panic disorder with agoraphobia” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). EMDR Therapy and Panic Disorder With or Without Agoraphobia Despite the well-examined effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Therapy in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the applicability of EMDR Therapy for other anxiety disorders, like panic disorders with or without agora- phobia (PDA or Pathological Demand Avoidance), has hardly been examined (de Jongh & ten Broeke, 2009). From a theoretical perspective, there are several reasons why EMDR Therapy could be useful in the treatment of panic disorder: 1. The occurrence of panic attacks is likely to be totally unexpected; therefore, they are often experienced as distressing, causing a subjective response of fear or help- lessness. Accordingly, panic attacks can be viewed as life-threatening experiences (McNally & Lukach, 1992; van Hagenaars, van Minnen, & Hoogduin, 2009). 2. Panic memories in panic disorder resemble traumatic memories in PTSD in the sense that the person painfully reexperiences the traumatic incident in the form of recurrent and distressing recollections of the event, including intrusive images and fl ashbacks (van Hagenaars et al., 2009). -
Adjustment Disorder
ADJUSTMENT DISORDER Introduction Recent Changes from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5 Prevalence Causes and Risk Factors Classifications Diagnosis Comorbidity Treatment Psychotherapy Pharmacological Treatment Cultural Considerations Overview for Families Introduction An adjustment disorder is an unhealthy behavioral response to a stressful event or circumstance (Medical Center of Central Georgia, 2002). Youth who experience distress in excess of what is an expected response may experience significant impairment in normal daily functioning and activities (Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, 2002). Adjustment disorders in youth are created by factors similar to those in adults. Factors that may contribute to the development of adjustment disorders include the nature of the stressor and the vulnerabilities of the child, as well as other intrinsic and extrinsic factors (Benton & Lynch, 2009). In order to be diagnosed as an adjustment disorder, the child’s reaction must occur within three months of the identified event (Medical Center of Central Georgia, 2002). Typically, the symptoms do not last more than six months, and the majority of children quickly return to normal functioning (United Behavioral Health, 2002). Adjustment disorders differ from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in that PTSD usually occurs in reaction to a life-threatening event and may last longer (Access Med Health Library, 2002). Adjustment disorders may be difficult to distinguish from major depressive disorder (Casey & Doherty, 2012). Unless otherwise cited, the following information is attributed to the University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital (2005). In clinical samples of children and adolescents, males and females are equally likely to be diagnosed with an adjustment disorder (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000). -
Health Anxiety and Fear of Fear in Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia Vs
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 27 : 404–411 (2010) Research Article HEALTH ANXIETY AND FEAR OF FEAR IN PANIC DISORDER AND AGORAPHOBIA VS. SOCIAL PHOBIA: A PROSPECTIVE LONGITUDINAL STUDY Ã Myriam Rudaz, Ph.D.,1,2 Michelle G. Craske, Ph.D.,1 Eni S. Becker, Ph.D.,3 Thomas Ledermann, Ph.D.,1,2 and Ju¨rgen Margraf, Ph.D.4 Background: This study is aimed to evaluate the role of two vulnerability factors, health anxiety and fear of fear, in the prediction of the onset of panic disorder/ agoraphobia (PDA) relative to a comparison anxiety disorder. Methods: Young women, aged between 18 and 24 years, were investigated at baseline and, 17 months later, using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule-Lifetime and measures of health anxiety and fear of bodily sensations (subscale disease phobia of the Whiteley Index, and total score of the Body Sensations Questionnaire). First, 22 women with current PDA were compared to 81 women with current social phobia and 1,283 controls. Second, 24 women with an incidence of PDA were compared to 60 women with an incidence of social phobia and 1,036 controls. Results: Multiple logistic regression analyses adjusted for history of physical diseases, somatic symptoms, and other psychological disorders revealed that (a) fear of bodily sensations was elevated for women with PDA vs. controls as well as women with social phobia, and (b) health anxiety (and history of physical diseases) was elevated in women who developed PDA vs. controls and vs. women who developed social phobia. Conclusions: These results suggest that health anxiety, as well as history of physical diseases, may be specific vulnerability factors for the onset of PDA relative to social phobia. -
Depression Treatment Guide DSM V Criteria for Major Depressive Disorders
MindsMatter Ohio Psychotropic Medication Quality Improvement Collaborative Depression Treatment Guide DSM V Criteria for Major Depressive Disorders A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly attributable to another medical condition. 1) Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, as 5) Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day indicated by either subjec tive report (e.g., feels sad, empty, (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of hopeless) or observation made by others (e.g., appears restlessness or being slowed down). tearful). (Note: In children and adolescents, can be irritable 6) Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day. mood.) 7) Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate 2) Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, guilt (which may be delu sional) nearly every day (not activities most of the day, nearly every day (as indicated by merely self-reproach or guilt about being sick). either subjective account or observation). 8) Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or 3) Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain indecisiveness, nearly every day (ei ther by subjective (e.g., a change of more than 5% of body weight in a account or as observed by others). month}, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. (Note: In children, consider failure to make expected 9) Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), weight gain.) recurrent suicidal ideation with out a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide. -
Toilet Phobia Booklet
National Phobics Society (NPS) Registered Charity No: 1113403 Company Reg. No: 5551121 Tel: 0870 122 2325 www.phobics-society.org.uk 1975 Golden Rail Award breaking the silence 1989 National Whitbread Community Care Award 2002 BT/THA Helpline Worker of the Year Award The Queen’s Award for Voluntary Service 2006 unsung heros The Queen’s Award for Voluntary Service 2006 what is toilet phobia? Toilet Phobia is rarely just one condition. It is a term used to describe a number of overlapping conditions (see diagram below): social what is toilet phobia? 3 phobia agoraphobia paruresis who can be affected? 4 toilet phobia what causes toilet phobia? 5 panic parcopresis does everyone have the same experience? 5 ocd forms of toilet phobia 6-7 real life experiences 8-12 These conditions have one thing in Due to the nature of this common - everyone affected has problem, people are often difficulties around using the toilet. reluctant to admit to the anxiety & fear: understanding the effects 13-14 These difficulties vary but with the condition or to seek help. right support, the problems can Those who do seek help can usually be alleviated, reduced or usually overcome or improve what types of help are available? 15-19 managed. their ability to cope with the problem, even after many The fears around the toilet include: years of difficulty. Seeking help real life experiences 20 • not being able to is the first step to finding real urinate/defecate improvements. success stories 21 • fear of being too far from a toilet • fear of using public toilets • fear that others may be watching your next step 22 or scrutinising/listening glossary 23 2 3 who can be affected? what causes toilet phobia? Almost anyone - Toilet Phobia is Toilet Phobia and overlapping/ not as rare as you may think. -
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Diagnostic Criteria for Research
The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders Diagnostic criteria for research World Health Organization Geneva The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations with primary responsibility for international health matters and public health. Through this organization, which was created in 1948, the health professions of some 180 countries exchange their knowledge and experience with the aim of making possible the attainment by all citizens of the world by the year 2000 of a level of health that will permit them to lead a socially and economically productive life. By means of direct technical cooperation with its Member States, and by stimulating such cooperation among them, WHO promotes the development of comprehensive health services, the prevention and control of diseases, the improvement of environmental conditions, the development of human resources for health, the coordination and development of biomedical and health services research, and the planning and implementation of health programmes. These broad fields of endeavour encompass a wide variety of activities, such as developing systems of primary health care that reach the whole population of Member countries; promoting the health of mothers and children; combating malnutrition; controlling malaria and other communicable diseases including tuberculosis and leprosy; coordinating the global strategy for the prevention and control of AIDS; having achieved the eradication of smallpox, promoting mass immunization against a number of other -
A Cognitivebehavioural Perspective on Personality Disorders With
Personality and Mental Health 6: 170–173 (2012) Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI 10.1002/pmh.1195 Commentary A cognitive-behavioural perspective on Personality disorders with over-regulation of emotions and poor self-reflectivity: The case of a man with avoidant and not-otherwise specified personality disorder, social phobia and dysthymia treated with Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy RICKS WARREN, University of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2700, USA Dimaggio, Attina, Popolo, Salvatore and Procacci and Fonagy (2000). Treatments should be well- (2012) present a complex case of primarily structured,concentrate on enhancing compliance, avoidant personality disorder (AvPD) with addi- have a clear focus, be theoretically coherent to both tional dependent, depressive, paranoid and therapist and patient, be relatively long-term, passive–aggressive personality traits, along with encourage a powerful attachment relationship dysthymia, social phobia and erectile dysfunction. between therapist and patient and involve an active As the authors note, there is no treatment manual therapist stance (Silk, 2010). At the end of 1 year of for such complex cases, and Metacognitive treatment, the patient is reported to no longer suffer Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) seems appropriate from any personality disorder, and improvement in for the case presented. As Emmelkamp et al. social phobia and sexual problems also were (2006) have noted, AvPD is highly prevalent in obtained. Given such a complex case with apparent the community and is associated with even more failure to make clinically significant gains in 5 years impairment than major depression. Of all the of previous CBT for social phobia, the potency of personality disorders, it is the most persistent, and MIT is well supported. -
Mental Health Therapeutic Diversion Program Eligibility Diagnoses ------Attachment B
G 52.3 Attachment B Effective: 04/29/2016 Reviewed: 4/2019 Mental Health Therapeutic Diversion Program Eligibility Diagnoses ------- Attachment B ICD DESCRIPTION F06.0 PSYCHOTIC DISORDER DUE TO MEDICAL CONDITION, W/O HALLUCINATIONS F06.2 PSYCHOTIC DISORDER DUE TO PHYSIOLOGIC CONDITION F06.31 DEPRESSIVE DISORDER DUE TO MEDICAL CONDITION, W/ DEPRESSIVE FEATURES F10.94 ALCOHOL INDUCED BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDER, W/O USE DISORDER F10.95 ALCOHOL INDUCED DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, W/ USE DISORDER F10.959 ALCOHOL INDUCED PSYCHOTIC DISORDER, W/O USE DISORDER F12.959 PSYCHOTIC DISORDER,CANNABIS-INDUCED, W/O USE DISORDER SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC, OR ANXIOLYTIC-INDUCED PSYCHOTIC DISORDER, W/O USE F13.959 DISORDER NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDER, SEDATIVE, HYPNOTIC, OR ANXIOLYTIC-INDUCED MAJOR, F13.97 W/O USE DISORDER F15.94 BIPOLAR AND RELATED DISORDER, STIMULANT-INDUCED W/O USE DISORDER F15.959 PSYCHOTIC DISORDER, STIMULANT-INDUCED, W/O USE DISORDER F20 SCHIZOPHRENIA F20.0 SCHIZOPHRENIA, W/ PARANOIA F20.2 SCHIZOPHRENIA W/ CATATONIA F20.81 SCHIZOPHRENIFORM DISORDER F21 SCHIZOTYPAL PERSONALITY DISORDER F22 DELUSIONAL DISORDER F23 BRIEF PSYCHOTIC DISORDER F24 SHARED PSYCHOTIC DISORDER F25.0 SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER, BIPOLAR TYPE F25.1 SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER, DEPRESSIVE TYPE F25.9 SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER, UNSPECIFIED F29 UNSPECIFIED SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDER F30.11 BIPOLAR I DISORDER, MANIC EPISODE, MILD F30.12 BIPOLAR I DISORDER, MANIC EPISODE, MODERATE F30.13 BIPOLAR I DISORDER, MANIC EPISODE W/O PSYCHOSIS, SEVERE F30.2 BIPOLAR I DISORDER,