SNEC Exhibition Begins with Bang As Huge Crowds Gather on Day One

SNEC DAILY Day 2 – April 20, 2017 The daily newspaper for the SNEC 2017 PV POWER EXPO free copy

Page 2 News: Catch up with the latest news from SNEC +++ Page 3 The view from Heraeus: news and opinion from our publishing partner Page 4 Tech corner: Latest product launches +++ Page 5 The main talking points from yesterday’s conference +++ Page 6 The BIG interview: with Lerri Solar +++ Page 7 Photo Finish: The best images from the SNEC exhibition and conference +++ Page 8 Floorplan: So you don’t get lost! SNEC exhibition begins with bang as huge crowds gather on day one

What’s on? Exhibition schedule for days 2 & 3 Thursday April 20 09:00-17:30 Exhibition Shanghai New International Expo Center, Halls W1-W5, E1-E7, N1-N3 09:00-12:30 SNEC (2017) International Solar Energy and Green Building Conference Pudong Ballroom 1-3, Kerry Hotel 08:45-12:30 Symposium on “Internet+” Smart Energy and Smart O&M Technologies of PV Plants Pudong Ballroom 4, Kerry Hotel 09:00-12:30 Jolywood • Industry Workshop on “Top Runner” High Efficiency Solar Cells, Auxiliary Materials and Technologies Related Pudong Ballroom 5-7, Kerry Hotel 09:00-12:30 Industry Workshop on PV Production Technology Function Room 3, Kerry Hotel 12:15-13:30 Delegate Lunch Plum Blossom Room+Orchid Room, 2/F, Kerry Hotel 13:30-17:30 Industry Workshop on Global PV Market – Outlook and Development Strategies Pudong Ballroom 4, Kerry Hotel 13:30-17:30 Jolywood • Industry Workshop on “Top Runner” High Efficiency Solar Cells, Auxiliary Materials and Technologies Related Pudong Ballroom 5-7, Kerry Hotel Friday April 21 Many industry veterans were pleasantly surprised by the sheer volume of visitors to the first day of the exhibition. 09:00-15:00 Exhibition (closes earlier, at 3pm) Shanghai New International Expo Center, Halls W1-W5, E1-E7, N1-N3 09:30-11:00 Top 10 Highlights Awards Ceremony The 11th annual SNEC International cal displays and engaging presentations ringing really is positive.” Market forecasts for China’s Booth No. 560 in Hall E7 PV Power Exhibition began on out from all four corners of the halls. Earlier in installations in 2017 are also tending towards an Wednesday, drawing huge crowds the week, the SNEC Conference had kicked off end market equallying or even exceeding 2016’s at every turn. proceedings in a more muted manner, with talk stellar performance. Clean Energy Associates’ even of a slightly contracted first half (H1) of the (CEA) Andy Klum said that he expects the dis- year for China’s solar landscape. tributed generation (DG) market in China will Manz receives green light for Spread across 180,000 square meters of exhibition The reality on the show floor, however, was one surprise many. space, this year’s show looks to be one of the big- of heightened confidence in China’s ability to “The common expectation is that the market Shenhua, Shanghai Electric deal gest yet, with more than 100,000 visitors expected continue to build upon its global market lead, is going to be less and there have been some to attend the three-day exhibition. and a notably eager embrace of new technolo- announcements for a 20 or 25 GW market,” said Germany production equipment supplier Manz Ltd. The New Energy Equipment JV company Throughout the exhibition grounds the more gies – from cell and module advances through Klum. “But we still feel very bullish on the China announced yesterday that it has received the will produce Manz CIGSfab tooling in China than 1,500 exhibitors witnessed wave upon wave to cutting-edge upstream solutions and smarter market and think it will be just as large if not “necessary official approvals” required for its under an exclusive license for supply to China. of engaged and enthralled visitors to their booths, inverter products. slightly larger than last year. I think you have to €263 million CIGS equipment supply deal, and Manz AG will continue to fulfill CIGSfab orders, with particularly packed crowds reported in In conversations with SNEC Daily, many indus- understand there is a lot more movement towards that it will receive a €50 million down payment if there are forthcoming, to other parts of the Halls W1, W2 and W3, and also in halls E1, E2 try experts said that in 2017 China’s solar market DG and there will be a lot of activity in H1, the as a part of the deal, in May. world. and E3. will likely once again buck expectations. same as last year. And some of the DG portfolio The deal between Shanghai Electric and Shenhua The NICE PV Research JV will pursue technolog- Judging by crowd size, it is the leading module “Nobody is complaining,” said Heraeus Pho- will surprise people on the upside.” will see Manz supply production equipment for ical development of the CIGS technology, with a companies and power electronics suppliers that tovoltaics President Andreas Liebheit, adding “I am not surprised by some optimistic fore- both production and R&D CIGS lines to China. goal to push efficiencies higher. The former Manz have garnered the most interest, but there was that manufacturers are upbeat about the current casts,” said Heraeus’ Liebheit. “The production At the SNEC exhibition, Manz unveiled the two CIGS research operations will be transferred to also sustained footfall at the booths of upstream market. “The manufacturers I have been speak- capacity is larger than this time next year and joint venture companies that will be formed in the NICE PV Research company. providers. ing with are running at 100% utilization. It was a everyone is fully utilized, so the mathemati- China under the equipment supply deal. The Manz AG has a majority holding in Suzhou Manz The tangible excitement was boosted by a series little bit different six weeks ago, but now I don’t cal logic is that for the first half year in China is three parties have now formed Suzhou Manz New Energy Equipment, which comes in at a 56% of well-choreographed dances, dazzling techni- hear that manufacturers are underutilized. It stronger than last year.” New Energy Equipment and NICE PV Research stake.

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Got a story? If you’ve got NEWS FROM SNEC some news for us, get in touch! Jolywood and Heraeus Photovoltaics form Dow takes first [email protected] new R&D cooperation steps into China

Germany’s Heraeus Photovoltaics and Chinese n-type mono bifacial solar cells to significantly module applications. Last year it chose Her- For the first time, Dow Chemical Company has ing lifetime, Dow claimed, adding that because solar cell manufacturer Jolywood have signed a improve performance and costs efficiencies. aeus Photovoltaics as its preferred paste supplier formally participated at the SNEC show to pro- the film accounts for only a small proportion of strategic R&D cooperation agreement to develop Jolywood is a leading player in high efficient because the company focuses on high efficiency mote one of its key businesses, the Dow elasto- the total module cost, profitability can also be next generation metallization solutions for n-type mono solar cells for bifacial glass/glass- mono solar cell architectures. Heraeus’ n-type mer, which is an advanced PV module encapsu- improved. paste solutions for frontside and backside met- lant film that provides better protection for the Dow has chemical plants in Saudi Arabia and allization enable 21% frontside and 19% back- cell once placed in the PV module. Thailand to fulfill the market needs of Asia and side cell efficiencies in mass production. Under With an introduction from Andrew Yen, mar- especially the most demanding and largest mar- the agreement, both companies will share close keting manager of Dow Elastomer, Asia Pacific, ket in the region, China. New plants are planned cooperation regarding the development of silver the Dow elastomer product was unveiled on the for more capacity, increasing to 1.4 billion pounds pastes and work towards further enhancing the first day of the exhibition. Yen demonstrated how by the end of 2020. efficiencies of bifacial n-type mono cells, which a module equipped with the elastomer (called The current market penetration for POE is low at are becoming an industry trend. ENGAGE POE) could provide better protection less than 10%; with the majority of the backsheet Industry analyst Corrine Lin told SNEC Daily and extend the lifetime of the module. The elasto- market still reliant on EVA. Nevertheless, Dow that the wind seems to be behind bifacial cells in mer is also adept at delivering an extended period is expecting a very promising market in China, 2017. “New bifacial modules are offering an aver- of better performance across the module’s work- Yen added. age of 10% to 20% increases in power output from the rearside,” Lin said. “This is proving good for developers’ IR, and because the technology is not too difficult to incorporate into the production process, costs will also not increase too much.” ET Solar, Royal DSM tie up on backsheets

Huawei signs 700 MW supply deal with The two companies have signed a strategic part- “New materials and technologies will clearly play nership to supply backsheets for PV modules. a crucial role in solar PV innovation,” said Oscar Nanjing-based ET Solar will use DSM’s back- Goddijn, vice president of DSM Advanced Solar. Kong Sun Holdings sheets to increase power gain in its PV modules. Separately, DSM revealed a new anti-soiling coat- The companies claim the backsheets will play a ing for PV glass. Chinese fnverter giant Huawei signed a supply an integrated inverter and monitoring sys- reported, can alert O&M providers to potential “significant” role in reducing the levelized cost The Dutch company said the new anti-reflective deal worth 700 MW at its packed booth yesterday tem. Huawei says that the new unit collects and problems before they arise. The Smart PV Con- of energy (LCOE). coating is designed for solar panels deployed in for inverters for both distributed and utility scale delivers detailed data on PV plant performance, troller is anti PID, employs 6 MPPT, and does not Under the terms of the agreement, they will also arid, desert environments. projects to be built out during 2018. As a part of down to the row and even module level. This, it deploy fans for cooling. jointly develop new environmentally friendly “In extensive testing at the TÜV SÜD desert test the deal, Huawei will take a minority stake. backsheets, according to a statement. site in Dunhuang in China, we have shown that In announcing the deal, Huawei representatives “DSM has a strong position in materials, which this new anti-soiling coating consistently out- spoke of the fast-emerging distributed market in are vital to create the best module components,” performs our own industry leading anti-reflec- China and the trend towards major project devel- said Zhenhai Guo, president of ET Solar. tive coating in terms of power – each month opers in the country deploying Huawei inverters. DSM claims its backsheets are fluoride-free, con- more than 1% extra on average,” said Jan Grim- Huawei unveiled a series of new products on the tributing to a 30% reduction in their carbon foot- berg, global business director for DSM Advanced first day of the SNEC. These included the fifth print compared with fluoride-based backsheets. Solar. generation of its Smart Fusion PV power plant monitoring and O&M system. The company claims that Fusion 5.0 can deliver a 3 – 4% yield increase to park owners and a dramatic decrease Photo: DSM Photo: in down time. Huawei also released its new 70 kWp Smart PV Controller unit, which includes

Miss Mongolia attends SNEC to support PV in her homeland Former Miss Mongolia Britta Battogtokh of Miss Mongolia competitions in 2013, 2014 and attended the SNEC Exhibition yesterday, in an 2016. She has also be crowned Miss Grand Mon- attempt to encourage greater solar deployment in golia in 2014, and won the coveted Miss Supra- her home country. The glamorous, friendly and national gong in 2016. articulate solar advocate said that solar energy “In Mongolia there is a lot of pollution in the win- had made a profound impact in rural areas in ter, for three or four months,” said Battogtokh. Mongolia, and also has the potential to alleviate “That is why the government is pushing towards the high levels of pollution found in many Mon- solar power plants. I grew up in the country- golian cities. side and we didn’t have electricity. We lived in a “The main goal is to connect solar companies to yurt and had one PV panel and a small battery, Mongolian officials,” said Battogtokh. She went and so my work with solar is connected to my on to explain that her work in advocating for background.” solar had allowed her to travel widely, and added Battogtokh only attended SNEC on the first day that it seamlessly links to her personal life expe- yesterday, but had a clear message for both gov- rience. Battogtokh has enjoyed a run of beauty ernment officials in Mongolia and the global success in her home country, and was the winner industry: “It’s clear, solar is the future.”

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Supporting diverse pathways to higher efficiency

Materials and technology: Black silicon, n-type, heterojunction and PERC: there is a level of diversity within mainstream silicon cell manufacturing today that would have only been dreamed about just a few years ago. Weiming Zhang, Chief Technology Officer for Heraeus Photovoltaics speaks to SNEC Daily about the growth of these various technology approaches, and how the paste and service provider is supporting multiple routes to higher efficiency.

SNEC Daily: How would you describe the new How is it you can identify precisely in which announcements and innovations coming from areas you should be working to provide solu- Heraeus at this year’s SNEC? tions for your customers? This year is very exciting! Heraeus is offering a We have more than 150 experts that meet with range of innovative products for metallization. our customers all over the world, every day. And Each year we build on our history to deliver for we are currently hiring 100 more staff. So, we our customers new improvements for efficiency have a deep understanding of our customers’ and performance, but also to decrease costs. processes and their needs. By working together In 2017, Heraeus is extending its product offer- along the value chain, we know precisely where ing to go beyond paste and beyond metallization. we can bring in our knowledge and enhance the HeraGlaze is our new product that enables mul- processes along that chain. We have proven that ticrystalline wafer production to have a 4% yield working together adds real value, which is clearly and also a higher efficiency. This is an outstand- measurable ing improvement. Through our diffusion consultancy service, we We are also launching our diffusion consultancy can offer the expertise of our excellent capabil- service, to really help our customers with their pro- ities. For instance, we can perform analysis on cess optimization and thus to enable them to fur- state-of-the art cell structures and individual ther improve their efficiencies. And on top of this customer’s current cell structures to identify we have also begun to market additional Heraeus where the potential for improvement is, whether products like IR emitters for different process steps that is frontside, backside, or even underneath in cell manufacturing, which also takes advantage the metallization or passivation. of Heraeus’ broader technological expertise. By bringing together our products and the cus- I think Heraeus’ strategy today is to really push tomer’s knowledge, we can make better use our beyond our traditional business to these new products, and fully maximize the potential for ‘beyond metallization’ suite of products. our customers.

In terms of the service and ‘beyond paste’ Of course, the largest investment cycle in terms offerings, why do you feel Heraeus is well posi- of cell production at the moment is PERC. tioned to bring these to the market? What role is Heraeus playing there? Heraeus has a broad business portfolio with We are looking at industry development from state-of-the-art technologies. Each business is the metallization product and technology point

“Working together with customers has proven to be very successful. With our new product and service offerings we Dr. Weiming Zhang is CTO for Heraeus Photovoltaics and he spoke SNEC Daily on Day 2 of the SNEC conference. can now even further enhance the results.” tial for further improvements will come from, them to continue to compete in the market. The Black Silicon will become mainstream for multi and it can be either backside passivation or bet- efficiency gains are definitely there on a cell level, technology, together with diamond wire cutting, ter frontside passivation. and progress has been made transferring these which multi has to adopt if it wishes to remain leading the market in its segment. We, in photo- of view. During the SNEC we will launch a new gains to the module level – previously a problem competitive. voltaics, have a longevity in the industry and can generation of products specifically designed for With PERC deployed, the attention then falls for black silicon. Our discussions with many of Heraeus has recognized this and worked quite strongly leverage on this expertise and can really PERC frontside metallization, which enables effi- to the frontside. Is it true that you are seeing customers have confirmed this. early with customers specifically for black sili- help our customers to further increase their per- ciency gains through better contacts, finer lines more work on the selective emitter (SE) front? Challenges relating to both the dry etching pro- con’s unique texturing and surface structure. It formance and reduce production costs. and a wider processing window on the frontside. We have identified the increasing attraction for cess and the wet chemistry process have also been really is quite different to traditional multi, and is Just an example: By providing the Heraeus con- On the backside, Heraeus has a new generation PERC. The reason is that PERC addresses the overcome. Both Tier-1 and Tier-2 manufacturers a good demonstration of how we work with cus- sulting service, we are basically building on our of products to protect the passivation layer, and backside passivation quality, which it improves here in China are adopting it in mass production. tomers on their technology pathways. many years of working expertise and our accu- to improve the adhesion. significantly. And then there is much greater mulated efforts. We can work together with our In 2017 we see further improvements. We will need to go back to the frontside passivation. It is customers to provide a full solution package, help our customers, through these diffusion con- getting more and more beneficial to use selective rather than just a product. sultancy services for instance, with PERC further emitter in the PERC technology upgrade. Experie nce SNEC with Heraeus development upgrades, to find where the poten- LID in multi and mono PERC is a big chal- lenge. Heraeus is benefiting from having devel- German metallization paste specialists Heraeus is presenting a busy oped specialized PERC pastes some years ago. SNEC schedule packed with presentations, product launches, scientific News from Heraeus Do you believe this issue is effecting whether workshops and industry milestones. Here is a selection of upcoming manufacturers increase mono capacities? Heraeus highlights… Heraeus Photovoltaics achieves of the PV-production chain such as wafer produc- I think mono is for sure growing. Mono is tion, diffusion and drying processes provides becoming increasingly important in the market, Ribbon-cutting and booth party milestone with delivery of higher production yields and additional efficiency and is also a technology that is being quickly 4,000th ton of silver pastes and gains. Heraeus Photovoltaics also owns one of the adopted in the industry. There are a few reasons When? Today at 11am confirms market and quality most reliable and stable supply chain and produc- behind this. Mono, certainly costs-wise, has Where? The Heraeus booth, W3, 310 tion network to provide unmatched flexibility to its improved dramatically in the last few years. The leadership customers. Heraeus has a milestone to celebrate: 4,000 tons of silver paste costs have dropped thanks to a big mono wafer Heraeus Photovoltaics has set a milestone in the delivered in just eight years. To mark this achievement, visitors to SNEC manufacturing effort, and also through quality industry by delivering its 4,000th ton of metalliza- Efficiency met fun at The Brew are invited to join Hereaus and a select group of VIPs at the Heraeus tion pastes to its customers. 4,000 tons of silver improvements. As is tradition at the SNEC exhibition, the end of pastes technically translates into solar panels able More importantly, mono wafers have a better booth. Following the ribbon cutting ceremony will be a booth party day one was met with a mass loosening of ties, to produce around 133 GW power, which is equal emitter for the high efficiency technology like hailing of cabs and shuffling off to various -din beginning at 11:40am that is open to all visitors. to more than 51 million modules or around three ners and formal gatherings. But those in the know PERC, n-type, bifacial, and HJT, and Heraeus billion solar cells. knew that there was only one party in town last has helped to enable better high efficiency gains. Presentation at the Industry Workshop “The delivery our 4,000th ton of silver pastes dem- night – the Heraeus and pv magazine after work However, I should also say that at the end of onstrates our leading expertise and unmatched When? Today at 2pm party at The Brew @ The Kerry Hotel. Those lucky last year and Q1 this year, the price gap between reliability. We partner with our customers to enough to have secured a ticket to the party Where? Kerry Hotel, Ballroom 1-3 achieve the common goal to constantly increase mono and multi wafers widened. Mono wafers enjoyed an evening of excellent food and drink, As part of the SNEC Conference Industry Workshop, Heraeus will deliver efficiency and lower costs. By providing them with are around the $0.81 – $0.82/wafer range, and an awards ceremony, a live performance from the cutting-edge technologies we have been able to multi is at $0.41 – $0.42/wafer. Because of this a presentation on Screen Printing and Metallization Paste 2017 and Solar Superheroes and – of course – a chance to set milestones in the industry. Milestones that set recap with colleagues and new friends on the day’s gap, there will be a big impact for the end user Beyond. benchmarks regarding output, efficiency and reli- events. when they evaluate their product cost structure. ability,” says Andreas Liebheit, President of Heraeus Mono wafer and mono PERC cell is price stable, Photovoltaics. while multi PERC keeps dropping. If this trend Throughout the day @ the Heraeus booth there will be hourly The key to Heraeus Photovoltaics market leader- presentations in both English and Chinese on alternating topics: ship relies on five pillars. The company operates continues and the price gap between these two R&D and Application centers all around the world, cannot be closed then multi will maybe have Heraeus Photovoltaics – Leading the Future of PV, and Heraeus – able to provide 24hrs research for higher efficien- another chance to try to secure its market share. Architects of Sustainable Growth. cies. From the first samples it takes only two to three months to produce a full size batch. Every Heraeus also supplies a specialized product for 12 months, the company offers 0.2% efficiency black silicon, including a new product here at Visitors to the booth can also enjoy trivia quiz games, a virtual reality increase on cell level through its silver paste. Up to SNEC. As a high efficiency multi product, what experience and participate in raffle draws throughout the day. 1% additional increase is possible by customization work. The full process perspective on further steps do you see as its potential in the market? Feeling hot? Cool down at the Heraeus ice cream corner! Black silicon technology is the most critical technology for multi cell manufacturers in order for 4 Day 2 – April 20, 2017 New product? If you have a new product or service, let us INDUSTRY VIEW know! TECH CORNER @pv-magazine.com clover Monocrystalline to gain share, but keep an eye out for MacDermid Enthone Helios PoSi multicrystalline MacDermid Enthone introduces its Helios PoSi, used, something which the industry has sought by no means a new idea, however, adhesion of an inline laser > plate > anneal process, as a direct to achieve for many years. MacDermid’s process the plated materials to the silicon cell has been a By Edurne Zoco, Director – IHS Markit replacement for front side screen printing and fir- could reduce silver use by a factor of 40-80. Cop- major hurdle for the technology. ing methods. per plating processes for cell metallization are MacDermid claim to have overcome this issue, Monocrystalline technology has been gain- Helios PoSi utilizes an innovative laser ablation and says that it is now producing plated layers ing share rapidly since 2015 due to a sharp process to expose silicon, then deposits nickel, with strengths that exceed industry requirements. decrease in its price. Last year, monocrystal- copper and thin silver into the opening. The The claimed robustness has been achieved line represented 29% of total wafer produc- material then undergoes a thermal annealing through two innovations. First, the use of pico- tion. IHS Markit latest report predicts it will process in an inert environment at a low tem- second lasers, supplied by Innolas, rather than account for 37% by 2020. perature. U.S. based MacDermid claims a num- nanosecond lasers. The company says that these The growing traction of monocrystalline ber of benefits to its process, not least of which is make thermal degradation of the silicon surface does not mean the demise of multicrystal- the price. “Typical overall cost of ownership for far easier to control, and also that the lasers cre- line. Multicrystalline players are expected to the process is about $0.03/cell,” states a MacDer- ate a ‘nano-texture’ on the surface of the silicon, keep up the battle and will continue to rep- mid Enthone press release. This is far below the which enhances bonding of the plating material. resent the majority of the market. Once it is company’s estimate of $0.07-$0.085/cell for pro- Second, MacDermid experimented to optimize fully implemented, the use of diamond wire duction using silver paste. The cost benefit arises the plating formula to allow fast, ductile, low saws in multicrystalline wafer production from a dramatic reduction in the amount of silver stress deposits using light induced plating (LIP). will increase wafer efficiency, and reduce kerf and production costs, which will contribute to making multicrystalline attractive again in the next couple of years. The use of diamond wire sawing remains relatively imma- ture within the multicrystalline segment but High performance anti-soiling coating IHS Markit predicts that this will rapidly change in the coming quarters. Dutch company DSM is launching its new anti- states Jan Grimberg, Global Business Director at eral Manager at FGG Solar PV. “We are extremely “Price sensitivity” will be another major fac- soiling coating for PV glass. With the release, DSM Advanced Solar. “We are convinced that proud to bring solar modules coated with the tor to consider that will shape the relation- DSM is particularly targeting modules installed by using this coating, the financial performance innovative DSM anti-soiling coating to the mar- ship between monocrystalline and multi- in dry, dusty climates where dust and dirt can of PV parks in arid climates can be improved ket for the first time, fulfilling an unmet need for crystalline cells. In order for demand for badly affect a module’s performance. by higher energy output due to less soiling and our customers.” monocrystalline products to remain strong, The coating combines anti-soiling and anti- reduced cleaning costs.” there is a limit to how big a gap there can be reflective properties to secure a higher module Having conducted extensive testing both in labs between its price and the price of multicrys- output, as well reducing the need for regular and in outdoor settings, DSM is now scaling up talline products, otherwise it loses its com- cleaning and maintenance. DSM says that this its anti-soiling coating and making the product petitiveness. In order words, monocrystalline pricing must closely follow muticrystalline price new coating builds on its range of anti-reflective available for pilot scale testing. The company is trends in order to remain in strong demand. coatings, which have shown a 3% energy gain in also working with Chinese glass manufacturer In addition to a clear trend towards monocrystalline technology as suppliers seek higher flash tests. the Flat Glass Group to supply coated glass to efficiencies in order to differentiate, module manufacturers continue to look for innovative “In extensive testing we have shown that this new module manufacturers. ways to reduce their costs. What we saw today at the show at the module level is aligned with anti-soiling coating consistently outperforms our “DSM and Flat have been cooperation partners a forecast that we made back in 2015 that suppliers would become increasingly focused on own anti-reflective coating in terms of power,” for several years now,” says Edwin Zhao, Gen- improving their cell to module conversion rate, in order to improve module efficiency inde- pendently of cell efficiency improvements. This is now a big trend within the module -man ufacturing industry. In this vein, most leading and tier-2 Chinese companies are exhibiting half-cell monocrystalline modules (both p-type and PERC) as well as showing modules with an increased number of busbars and shingling modules that can increase module output by 10-15 watts in comparison to standard modules, without incurring higher production costs Indeotec Octopus III PECVD tool on a per watt basis.

Swiss supplier Indeotec is continuing to make devices. The tool utilizes Indeotec’s ‘Mirror Reac- sales of its Octopus II PECVD platform to PV tor’ concept, whereby the deposition is carried on research bodies. The original Octopus II system both sides of the cell with no need for cell flipping was first released last year and is for the deposi- or for breaking the vacuum. Indeotec SA Photo: tion of amorphous silicon onto a crystalline sil- As well as simplifying the process and increas- DON’T MISS! icon substrate. Now the company is developing ing throughput, the concept inherently reduces the next stage in its development, the Octopus III, the risk of contamination during the deposi- set to be released later in 2017. tion stage. Indeotec says that the patented con- The Octopus III is a PECVD coating system tar- cept, present in the previous Octopus II tool, Webinar in association geting mass production of the next generation has received strongly positive feedback from the of PV modules, specifically heterojunction cell industry. with Dow Discover how to extend module lifetimes beyond current expectations with the use of POE-based encapsulant film.

As PV module manufacturers and end users strive to reduce the cost of electricity Alpha Assembly unveils flux for high and improve the long-term reliability of components, the use of high efficiency, cost- effective components become more important. The choice of encapsulant materials used to protect photovoltaic cells has a significant impact on component power out- throughout tabbing/stringing put, reliability, service life and overall system cost.

U.S. based materials provider Alpha Assembly stringer machinery during operations. The com- In this webinar, we will share how polyolefin (POE) encapsulant films help module Solutions has introduced its new ALPHA PV-38i pany claims that its flux material features the low- manufacturers reduce module and system lifetime costs. We will focus on the advan- Liquid Flux, a liquid spray flux material which it est level of solids in the industry, reducing pollu- tages of Dow ENGAGE™ PV polyolefin elastomers in PV encapsulant films and how says is specifically designed for use in automated tion inside the machines and instances requiring it helps modules achieve excellent resistance to potential induced attenuation (PID) tabbing/stringing processes and suitable for both a production line to shut down for cleaning. and better power retention. dip and spray on cell flux applications. “Most liquid spray fluxes currently in use have According to Alpha, the material is designed to been taken directly from the electronics assem- When: Tuesday, May 9 at 3 pm SGT – Singapore, 9 am CEST – Berlin work in high throughput production lines, and bly industry and are not specifically designed or ing machines, as well as clog the spray nozzles, Visit the homepage of www.pv-magazine.com for information addresses issues of bottleneck at the bussing and suitable for newer, advanced busbar modules. requiring the line to shut down for cleaning,” interconnect stage, as the number of busbars in a Higher solids in their formulas pollute the cur- says Global Product Manager for Liquid Flux on how to register and participate! module increases, as well the pollution of tabber/ rent generation of high volume tabbing/string- and Chemicals Michael Previti.

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Junfeng Li, former director general of the He believes that China could surpass the gov- parts and materials, as well as developers, strug- National Center for Climate Strategy and Inter- ernment’s target of 110 GW of capacity by 2020, gle to secure financing,” said Li.“We need to help national Cooperation (NCSC), opened the Global to as much as 200 GW. However, he lamented the PV industry go the distance or solar will PV Financial Summit by urging the Chinese that even that level would mean that PV would remain a marginal resource.” solar industry to look to the country’s automotive still only account for 5% of the national energy industry as a model for long-term development. mix. And future growth can only be ensured by Turning point for distributed generation “We’re developing quickly, with lots of invest- facilitating the provision of much-needed finance Although distributed-generation (DG) solar has ment, but to remain sustainable as an industry, across the solar value chain, he argued. been a key development priority for the Chinese we need to look to the auto sector,” said Li, with- “Chinese solar faces a number of issues, includ- government for several years, build-out has thus out elaborating. ing difficulties related to finance. Suppliers of far fallen short of expectations. Annual installations hit 34.5 GW in 2016, with DG projects accounting for just 4.23 GW of the total, according to statistics from the National Energy Admin- istration (NEA). However, many industry partici- INDUSTRY VIEW pants believe that 2017 could mark a turning point. “Risks are maybe underestimated. Cash flows In addition, China has emerged as one of the “In 2017, ‘distribution’ will be the keyword,” that are assumed to be completely stable, over 25 world’s most important markets for green bonds said Lengen Shu, GCL Finance (Group) Holdings. years are maybe not so stable,” said Ronald Sas- over the past year, with total issuance hitting Numerous issues have held discouraged banks trawan, senior risk analyst for green technology about 230 billion yuan in 2016. SNEC 2017: Major from financing for DG projects, including con- at Munich Re. Yvonne Liu, China solar analyst for Bloomberg product trends at cerns over the stability of the incentives that pro- Many Chinese financial institutions also New Energy Finance, argued that the range of vincial and municipal authorities offer on top of remain concerned about the long-term durability financial instruments available to Chinese devel- China’s largest solar the central government’s subsidies. While devel- of key solar components. “The guaranteed perfor- opers expanded in 2016. PV exhibition opers have successfully installed arrays on factory mance of modules is an essential point in gain- “More and more investors are becoming famil- rooftops in recent years, growth in the residential ing the confidence of investors,” said Sastrawan. iar with the PV industry,” Liu said. segment remains stalled by a dearth of suitable Eric Wang, global commercial director for But Lian Guo – an official at policy lender rooftops, concerns about the structural integrity DuPont Photovoltaic Solutions, said that aware- China Development Bank – said that much more By solar industry expert Corrine Lin of buildings, a lack of clarity over long-term build- ness of such issues still needs to improve. work remains to be done. In particular, project ing ownership and the weakness of contracts. “We see challenges. Customers think that low monitoring needs to become more commonplace This year at SNEC, it has become clear that China continues to maintain its advantage as the But Shu believes that the biggest barrier to cost is everything. But we need to consider qual- to lower investor perceptions of risk, while the world’s largest vertically-integrated supply chain, taking the lead in manufacturing efficiency, financing for DG solar is public awareness. “How ity and the longevity of components,” Wang central government needs to update its standards technology, and cost. In the PV industry forum for cutting-edge technology, many experts and can we build an ecosystem to support DG?” he said. “We need to look at costs, but also at qual- and regulations. scholars from different countries reported the progress of technology development for all sectors asked, arguing that the weakening of the Chinese ity, because that’s the basis of growth.” “We need to become more open to green of the supply chain. Because it is more vital than ever in PV to reduce cost and increase efficiency currency is a risk that continues to complicate the However, Kyumin Lee – chief engineer at finance,” Guo said. “We need to become more through cell technology improvement. This requires a lot of research time and capital invest- outlook for financing in 2017. “We need to pro- U.S.-based CFV Solar Test Laboratory – argued risk-tolerant.” ment. Hence, the development of downstream module sector is also a major highlight at SNEC. mote DG as something that’s good for the public.” that technological advancements in recent years It’s not difficult to see from the exhibited products this year that module technology has become Hong Li, chief financial officer of United PV, are increasingly providing a basis for investor

the competition highlight for manufacturers. Some of the most important highlights are the believes that sliding power prices have further confidence. Advertisement bifacial modules – which have been emphasized repeatedly in recent years; half-cut technology discouraged investment in DG and utility-scale “Module quality is a significant risk factor for that slowly matures, and overlapped modules that have started to garner a lot of attention since projects. While he said that the cost of capital is a how sound a PV project is financially,” he said. last year. concern, he also bemoaned the tendency for pro- “But PV modules made nowadays – like, this year vincial authorities to push developers to use local – are actually much better… For modules made Bifacial modules suppliers to win projects. “Different kinds of sub- three years ago, you usually see 2% to 5% deg- Problems like rear side power output standardization and insurance confirmation have always sidies can change returns on investment,” he said. radation after 600 cycles. So definitely module existed in bifacial module products. However, from last year certain manufacturers have begun to Curtailment of PV from the grid – particularly quality has improved.” promote bifacial modules through making them the same prices as single-sided modules. There- in northwestern China – also discourages lenders fore, power plant developers now have a higher acceptance of double-sided modules. A number from investing in projects, although Li noted that Policy uncertainty of Chinese companies have now developed bifacial technology, including Jolywood (which has the expected completion of an ultra-high volt- Michael Lu, chief financial officer of Asia Clean received orders for 600 MW of its N-type bi-facial modules), JA Solar, Lerri Solar, and Trina Solar, age DC transmission line from Gansu province Capital, said that “policy uncertainty” is another which unveiled its P-type PERC bifacial products at SNEC. Bifacial modules provide high effi- this year could provide some relief. However, grid factor that discourages investors from financing ciency and more power with just a small increase in cost. operators will likely continue to favour coal-fired PV projects. He said that financial institutions capacity over solar in heavily-curtailed locations want a clearer sense of subsidy levels a decade Half-cut cell modules such as the Xinjiang region, he said. in advance, rather than just several years of When a conventional cell module is processed by half-cut cell technology, module power out- “We need to limit our investment in such visibility. put can increase by around 2-3%, which has made many manufacturers eager to try their hand areas,” he added. “We’re looking to strengthen “If policy is not consistent, it increases risk,” at such technology this year. REC Solar has always been a leader in half-cut cells technology and investment in central China.” he said. now they are joined in the half-cut field by JinkoSolar, JA Solar, Hanwha Q Cells, ReneSola, Linuo Alex Sun, general manager of Apollo Solar, Delays in payments of government subsidies and Linyang. Many of these companies are exhibiting their new half-cut cell modules at SNEC. said that third-party energy-management service to developers – a longstanding issue – also con- More manufacturers are expected to follow suit and begin to mass produce half-cut cell modules. providers can play an important role in reduc- tinues to weigh on investor interest in solar proj- ing finance-related risks. The company – affili- ects, while making it more difficult for companies Overlapped modules ated with wind-turbine supplier Envision Energy to raise fresh funds through share placements. China’s Seraphim first showcased its overlapped modules at the PV Expo in Tokyo last year, and – currently manages more than 60 GW of solar, Aa a result, many Chinese financial insti- more and more Asian manufacturers have poured their energies into overlapped technology wind and storage capacity worldwide. In 2016, it tutions are seeking PV investments outside of research & development (R&D). This year, in addition to Seraphim, DZS Solar, Jolywood, and worked with financial institutions such as China their home market. Charles Yeung, chief finan- DMEGC will reveal their overlapped modules at SNEC. However, the fragmentation rate and Development Bank and China CITIC Bank. cial officer of GCL-Poly Energy Holdings, likes cost control of overlapped modules still has to be improved, leading to fewer opportunities for “The don’t understand PV-related risks, so the opportunities on offer in newer markets such mass production this year. they come to us,” Sun said, adding that he has as India, but says returns in mature, stable mar- Although the increase in conversion efficiency or module power output remains the focus of seen growing investor interest in DG projects in kets such as the U.S. are often too low to con- SNEC, the biggest impact on the industry this year is cost reduction. The promotion of multi-Si recent months. “Finance is all about risk… if we sider. “We need to find a balance between risk wafers using diamond wire cut will bring down costs further. The bottleneck of diamond wire can help companies to manage risk, it will help and returns,” he said. cut has always been the cell texturing process, which requires special and difficult handling. The the industry.” capacity of diamond wire-cut multi-Si wafers will increase significantly once this year’s show New instruments ends. Cell makers can also use the additive method to collocate with diamond wire-cut multi-Si Risk awareness But more than ever, Chinese companies have a wafers. As a result, many slurry capacities will be switched to diamond wire capacities in Q3 2017 Non-Chinese industry observers contend that wide range of financing options to consider in to catch up with the module price downtrend in expected in the second half of the year. awareness of project-related risks in the country the domestic market, including industrial funds, remains low. financial leasing models and convertible bonds. 6 Day 2 – April 20, 2017 Mono marches on Moving on to the wider Chinese solar market, new technology will reap the benefits – not just do you feel that China’s Top Runner program in China but globally. Other countries can also has helped to support high efficiency solar benefit too; they can learn from China and fol- products in the country? low its lead, and even collaborate with China to HF: The Top Runner basically tries to bring innovate and work together. advanced technology to the market, and to HF: This will benefit everyone, and help to bring increase high efficiency penetration. It is a good down costs quickly while also improving stan- program to demonstrate the ability for high effi- dards – it’s a win-win. ciency technology to drive market evolution and deliver better value for customers. You see the Within China, do you share the view that the end results – customers have more opportunities first half of the year is shaping up to be dis- to purchase better quality modules. appointing in terms of installations? Or will MX: As a solar producer, China has occupied China reach the end of June with similar levels around 80% of market share globally, but for the of growth as seen in H1 2016? next generation of new technologies, there was MX: We are seeing that in 2017 it is not quite as often a reluctance among Chinese companies to strong as last year, so far. The amount of installed invest in these technol- capacity for ground ogies, so NEA felt they mount is a bit lower. The needed to promote new Chinese government has technology investment. “Because costs for mono released a new policy to The program, which is are going to be lower, it will promote distributed solar released by the NEA, energy in some regions, pushes this industry to increase its market share in particularly in the east innovate and improve the near future” and the north of the coun- standards, and for Longi try. These areas are the – being focused on high most developed and con- efficiency mono – this sume the most energy, new generation total solution approach to reduc- and so also have the highest levels of pollution. ing LCOE and improving the IRR is well suited So the government is urgently promoting distrib- to our own outlook. At the time the program was uted generation (DG) solar in these regions. The The Lerri Solar and Longi team discuss mono with SNEC Daily’s Ian Clover. introduced, the government needed a pioneer in FIT cut for grid-connected power stations in June this area – a role that Longi has been able to play. will be around 15%, after which the support for We think that the government will also push DG solar will be around 50% higher compared to BIG Interview: Hongbin Fang, director of technical marketing at LONGi to this collaboration research and application, we the program to instigate even further technol- ground mount. To me, the policy direction is cer- Solar, and Longi’s strategy director Max Aimin Xia discuss the growth can have control of both the wafer and then the ogy upgrades. Companies that want to invest in tainly now in support of distributed solar energy. and cost reduction potential of monocrystalline cells, and explain how a cell: this means now that our PERC product’s LID new hydrogenation process may well have solved the problem of light- performance is similar to, or even lower than, the conventional multicrystalline process. LONGi induced degradation in mono PERC cells. Solar has also just released its LIR technology with UNSW to minimize the LID effect. SNEC Daily: What is LONGi Solar’s main fident that because of these realities mono will technological focus in 2017 and into 2018? grab a larger market share. So would you say that the hydrogenation pro- Hongbin Fang (HF): Last year we introduced Max Aimin Xia (MX): Mono capacity was 7.5 cess more or less solves the issue of LID with our PERC product Hi-MO1 to the market, and GW by the end of 2016 and even with that we were mono? for 2017 the main focus for LONGi Solar is to con- largely unable to meet market demand. But our HF: It definitely does. Combine that with our tinue to refine our PERC process to improve the recent additional 5 GW mono ingot and wafer wafer quality improvement where we can offer efficiency and power output of our cells. In addi- capacity expansion in Yinchuan and Zhongn- higher wafer purity than multi, we see that even tion to that we are contin- ing, Ningxia Province right now the LID performance for Mono PERC ually working on module has eased the situation, is even better than multi improvement to bring and our recent capacity higher power gains to the “The hydrogenation process expansion in Taizhou has What is the significance of LONGi Solar’s market. We are looking at has definitely solved the eased the situation, tak- results of 22.7% efficiency on mono PERC – a 10 Watt (W) power gain ing our cell and module mentioned in Tuesday’s conference? What does every year going forward. LID issue in PERC cells” capacity to 5 GW. This has this say for PERC in general? There is a lot of technol- eased the bottleneck that HF: Currently the industrial production effi- ogy that we are develop- was holding back mono ciency for LONGi Solar’s PERC cells is a little ing on the module side, adoption, and I believe over 21.1% - 21.2%. So looking at our next gen- including our half-cut cells and also our shin- that it will aid market growth. In two to three eration cell technology it can help us to bring gling modules that are poised to improve our years many companies are going to transfer to our power output to a higher level. This result of power output significantly. mono, and with costs continuing to fall closer to 22.17% in laboratory tests shows that PERC has This year we have introduced our bifacial PERC those of multi, this growth will accelerate. not yet reached its limit. We still have a long way module product Hi-MO2. This offers a big to go to reach even higher efficiency. increase in terms of power output. On the fron- At the SNEC conference on day it was revealed tside the output is equal to standard PERC, and that LONGi Solar has been collaborating What is LONGi Solar’s roadmap towards get- on the backside you have an additional 8% to 25% with the University of New South Wales on ting there? power gain. This can help our customers to sig- advanced hydrogenation solution on LID with HF: By the end of this year in terms of produc- nificantly lower their LCOE. PERC. What have been the results on this? tion we are looking at incremental increases, and HF: The results of this collaboration have been we expect efficiencies of 21.4%, 21.5% for MONO Recent analysis by IHS Markit has suggested very encouraging. It used to be the case that three PERC cells coming off the production line. Next that monocrystalline cells will increase their to five years ago one of the main obstacles for year I am confident that we can increase that by share of the market from 29% last year to as PERC adoption was high light-induced degrada- an additional 0.3%, taking us up to that next level. much as 37% by 2020. What is LONGi Solar’s tion (LID). Because Longi Green Energy Technol- Exhibiting at the SNEC show are our most view on how mono’s market share can grow? ogy [which owns LONGi Solar] is a vertically inte- advanced PERC modules: 60- and 72-cell ver- HF: Our vision is that mono is going to continue grated company, we have approached LID issue sions, all black for residential applications, which to increase its market share, yes. We are aggres- from both wafer and cell processing. We have are targeted particularly for the U.S. and Europe. sively expanding our ingot and wafer capac- production and quality control from the wafers The new product is our ity, while also gradually increasing our module right up to the modules. We have conducted a lot HI-MO2 cell and module that offers additional capacity. We think that at this point our wafer of work to reduce the oxygen concentration in the power gain on top of PERC. Still in the develop- costs on mono are competitive with multi, with wafer. By doing this, it helps us to lower the LID. ment phase is our shingling modules, which is higher power on the cell and module side for From the cell processing side, with the collab- our next generation of products that we hope to mono. This means an improved end result for oration with the UNSW, we have developed introduce into the market some time next year. the customer, and looking ahead to the future, advanced passivation technology that can also These offer an additional 8-10% power gain on Hongbin Fang, left, and Max Aimin Xia, right, pose before one of Lerri Solar’s new modules. costs for mono can be even lower. We are con- lower the LID from the cell processing. So thanks top of PERC.

Advertisement Day 2 – April 20, 2017 7

PHOTO FINISH

Day one of any solar exhibition is alway a slightly dizzying assault on the senses, and SNEC certainly didn’t disappoint, offering up a kaleidoscope of color, a cacophony of noise and a plethora of things to see, do, touch and experience. The Solar Superheroes certainly made their presence felt as they prowled the halls doing battle with Coal and offering visitors the chance for a memorable selfie. At seemingly every booth, crowds gathered, and the mood was most definitely upbeat. Here is a selection of the finest images from Day 1, and we expect there to be more of the same on the second day of the show!

OUR SUPERHEROES ARE USING THEIR UNIQUE SOLAR STRENGTHS TO SAVE THEIR SKINS. APOLLON TO GREEN: APOLLON’S LASERS ARE GUIDING HIM TO THE I‘VE GOT HIM! LAMINATOR, AND SILVER MAZE IS USING HER THESE LASERS SURE POWERFUL METALLIZATION TO DRAG INSPECTOR DO GUIDE THE WAY. VI AND THE SOLAR PLANE BACK ABOVE WATER.

SILVER MAZE DROPS THE WELCOME BACK, MEET THE WRECK ON THE DECK OF SEÑORITA! SOLAR SUPERHEROES THE FLOATING HQ, THIS CAN’T BE IT IN THE FLESH TODAY FOR YOU OLD MAN. I CAN SEE THE AUTHOR: JONATHAN GIFFORD AT THE SNEC! ILLUSTRATION: STEFAN LOCHMANN STICK WITH ME. PROBLEM HERE. - 10:30AM TALESUN BOOTH AT E2/52 LAMINATOR - 11:45AM AT HERAEUS BOOTH W3/310 C‘MON OLD BOY! MICHAEL ESSICH, ROBERT GAISER, KEN SONG - 2PM – 3PM IN HALL E3 AT BÜRKLE, 3D-MICROMAC, WAVELABS AND VITRONIC APOLLON - 3:30PM AT HERAEUS BOOTH W3/310 KRISTIN SCHUMANN, FREDERICK BAMBERG, MANDY GEBHARDT THROUGHOUT THE DAY OUT AND ABOUT AROUND THE PV MAGAZINE BOOTH E3/396 SILVER MAZE LET‘S GO! ANDREAS LIEBHEIT, MICHAEL TREUTEL, YAN ZHOU

INSPECTOR VI

RICHARD MORETH, FLORIAN STEINER, BILL WANG, BIRGIT VOIGT

FLASH

TORSTEN BRAMMER, FALK WILDGRUBE, TO BE CONTINUED … VOLKER GUTEWORT, JÖRN SUTHUES 8 Day 2 – April 20, 2017 TODAY’S HIGHLIGHTS

08:45 - 12:45, Kerry Hotel Pudong Shanghai, Pudong Ballroom 4 09:00 - 12:00, Head on over to Bürkle Internet+Smart Energy Symposium Kerry Hotel Pudong Shanghai Bürkle claims reduced lamination times The “Internet of Energy” — the catch-all will range from smart design to the Sino-Africa Clean If you want to learn more about glass-glass. Bürkle engineers stipulate the phrase used to describe the way in which construction and remote management of Energy Workshop lamination, head on over to visit results are dependent on materials. “These sensors and data analysis is driving the solar plants. The session will be moderated German lamination supplier Bürkle, results can deliver flexibility,” said Bürkle’s decentralization of energy assets — has by NDRC researcher Sicheng Wang, with Africa offers enormous potential to which yesterday announced results Sraisth when presenting the development been a hot topic in Chinese renewables guest speakers to include representatives develop solar projects. However, due to a that demonstrate a dramatic reduction yesterday, adding that he had worked for several years. Topics of discussion from Trina Solar and Huawei Technologies. range of issues — including grid-related in lamination times. The company has for nine months to develop the process problems and limited access to low-cost said that it can reduce process times by innovations required to bring down the finance — PV build-out remains limited. 26.7%, a result achieved on its easy-lam lamination times. The China-Cooperation Clean Energy an Ypsator platforms. In the fast-growing Seminar will explore how industry leaders glass-glass market, Bürkle also says that it in China can engage with stakeholders can achieve a reduction in lamination time in Africa to facilitate the development of 30.1%. During testing, Lamination times of more PV capacity throughout the for glass-glass backsheet were reduced continent. Following opening remarks from 7.5 minutes to 5.5 minutes, with 6.5 to from Chinese renewables expert Li 4.5 glass-glass. Looking towards costs, on a Junfeng, this workshop will focus on 72-cell module the reducion in lamination opportunities for African and Chinese time can deliver savings of 10.2% on stakeholders to collaborate on projects. glass-backsheet modules, and 9.9% on

SNEC(2017)第十一届国际太阳能光伏大会暨（上海）展览会展位布置图 SNEC 11th (2017) International Photovoltaic Power Generation Conference & Exhibition

时间：2017年4月19日-4月21日地点:上海新国际博览中心W3馆 AREA I 一区 AREA II 二区 SNEC( SN)第EC(十20一17届)第国十际一太届阳国能际太光阳伏能大光会伏暨大（会上暨海（上）海展）览展会览展会馆展布馆布置置图图太阳能组件的配套材料、太阳能系统及配套产品国际品牌馆 AREA III 三区 2017 AREA IV 四区 SNEC 11th (2017) International Photovoltaic Power Generation巴士停车场 Conference & Exhibition Brand Hall for PV Module Materials，PV Systems Suppliers SNEC 11th (2017) International Photovoltaic Power Generation巴士停车场 Conference & Exhibition N 10号口 9号口 8号口 7号口 6号口 N

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Hall N3:协鑫能源互联网主题馆停Ĝ

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