Types at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Boston

Fabio Laurindo da Silva Laboratory of Aquatic Entomology, Department of Hydrobiology, Federal University of São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Section of Natural History, Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Sci- ence and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway. Ernst Mayr Fellow, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Massachusetts, USA. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract Results The Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) type col- The collection includes 52 type specimens now lection at the Museum of Comparative Zoology classified as 10 holotypes, 5 lectotypes and 8 syn- (MCZ) is reviewed. It comprises 23 primary types, types, as well as paratypes and paralectotypes of as well as paratypes and paralectotypes for an ad- an additional 29 Chironomidae species (Table 1). ditional 29 species, mostly resulting from research The majority of the types belong to the subfamilies by H. Loew and H. K. Townes, respectively. Notes and . updating the taxonomic status are provided for All names of species and references were checked several species. with the corresponding literature. The notes on the species’ taxonomic status are based on Systema Introduction Dipterorum (Thompson & Pape 2010), as well as The chironomid collection of the Museum of on published papers, catalogs (Oliver et al. 1990, Comparative Zoology (MCZ) at Harvard Univer- Spies & Reiss 1996, Ashe & O’Connor 2009) and/ sity in Boston, Massachusetts (USA), includes or information on the collection labels. Some of about 1,200 specimens mostly stored dry on pins, the primary types were found labeled merely with with a small number mounted on slides. It is his- “type”. The present respective interpretations of torically relevant but not well known. The main such specimens as holotypes, syntypes, etc., are parts of this material have resulted from respective based on all available data, e.g. those in the respec- research endeavors by H. Loew (1807-1879) and tive corresponding publications. H. K. Townes (1913-1990). Its geographic empha- The information presented here will be included sis lies in the United States and Central America. in the database of primary types of Chironomidae The annotated checklist presented below (Table 1) already accessible online as part of the MCZ En- was generated during a research visit to the Mu- tomology database (http://insects.oeb.harvard.edu/ seum of Comparative Zoology in February 2011 mcz). that was partly financed by an Ernst Mayr Travel Grant in Systematics from MCZ/Harvard University.

Table 1. Chironomidae species with types deposited in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zool- ogy at Harvard University, Boston. Abbreviations: H = holotype, L= lectotype, P = paratype, PL= paralec- totype, S = syntype, M = male, F = female, AU = Australian, NE = Nearctic, NT = Neotropical

CHIRONOMINAE

Type Original Author/ Original genus Type Sex Preparation Distribution Note number species Reference MCZT Coquillett, brachialis S M, F Pinned NE 1 07433 1901: 607 MCZT Gerry, 1933: Chironomus bulbosa S M, F Pinned NT 2 19425 97 MCZT Walley, 1926: Chironomus imperator P M, F Pinned NE 3 15655 64

18 MCZT Gerry, 1933: Chironomus jamaicensis S M, F Pinned NT 4 19424 96 MCZT Johannsen, Chironomus nigricans P M, F Pinned NE 5 25385 1905: 219 MCZT Coquillett, Chironomus taeniapennis S F Pinned NE 6 07434 1901: 607 MCZT Townes, 1945: testaceus P M, F Pinned NE 25404 140 MCZT Townes, 1945: amachaerus P M Pinned NE 7 25393 168 MCZT Townes, 1945: Harnischia argentea P M Pinned NE 8 25381 164 MCZT Townes, 1945: Harnischia carinata P M Pinned NE 9 25389 158 MCZT Townes, 1945: Harnischia cuneata P M Pinned NE 10 25398 163 MCZT Townes, 1945: Harnischia potamogeti P M Pinned NE 11 25401 159 MCZT Townes, 1945: pica P M Pinned NE 25387 27 MCZT Townes, 1945: simulans P M Pinned NE 25394 43 MCZT Townes, 1945: banksi H, P M Pinned NE 25399 17 MCZT Townes, 1945: Pseudochironomus crassus H M Pinned NE 25386 15 Borkent, MCZT albipalpus P M, F Slide NE 1984: 66 Borkent, MCZT Stenochironomus fuscipatellus P M Slide NE 1984: 64 Borkent, MCZT P M, F Slide NE 1984: 91 MCZT Townes, 1945: subtendens P M, F Pinned NE 12 27258 65 MCZT Townes, 1945: protextus P M Pinned NE 13 25391 69 MCZT Townes, 1945: Tendipes atroviridis P M. F Pinned NE 14 25403 114 MCZT Townes, 1945: Tendipes biseta P M, F Pinned NE 15 25384 127 MCZT Townes, 1945: Tendipes carus P M Pinned NE/NT 16 25395 118 MCZT Townes, 1945: Tendipes ochreatus P M Pinned NE 17 25397 115 MCZT Townes, 1945: Tendipes tuberculatus H, P M, F Pinned NE 18 25382 128

ORTHOCLADIINAE

Type Original Author/ Original genus Type Sex Preparation Distribution Note number species Reference MCZT Osten-Sacken, Chasmatonotus bimaculatus S M Pinned NE 01260 1877: 191 MCZT Loew, 1864: Chasmatonotus unimaculatus S M, F Pinned NE 10388 50

19 TANYPODINAE

Type Original Author/ Original genus Type Sex Preparation Distribution Note number species Reference Roback, 1971: MCZT parajanta P M Slide NE 373 Roback, 1971: MCZT Ablabesmyia tarella P M Pinned/Slide NE 19 368 MCZT Roback, 1963: cletis H M Slide NT 31778 174 MCZT bellus Loew, 1866: 4 L, PL M, F Pinned/Slide NE 20 10367 MCZT Gerry, 1933: Tanypus brooksi S M Pinned NT 21 19423 95 MCZT Coquillett, Tanypus concinnus S M, F Pinned NE/NT 22 07431 1895: 308 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus cornuticaudatus P M, F Pinned/Slide NE 23 15660 277 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus currani P F Pinned NE 24 15657 276 MCZT Loew, 1861: Tanypus flavicinctus H M Slide NE 25 10368 309 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus garretti P F Pinned/Slide NE 26 15658 275 MCZT Tanypus hirtipennis Loew, 1866: 5 H M Slide NE 27 10369 MCZT Tanypus humeralis Loew, 1866: 3 L, PL M, F Pinned/Slide NE/NT 28 10376 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus mallochi P M Pinned NE 29 15661 273 MCZT Walley, 1926: Tanypus peleensis P M, F Pinned/Slide NE/NT 30 15662 64 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus pilicaudatus P M Pinned/Slide NE 31 15656 277 MCZT Tanypus pilosellus Loew, 1866: 5 L, PL F Pinned/Slide NE/NT 32 10370 MCZT Loew, 1861: Tanypus pinguis H F Pinned NE 33 10371 308 MCZT Walley, 1925: Tanypus prudens P M Slide NE 34 15659 275 MCZT Tanypus pusillus Loew, 1866: 5 H M, F Pinned NE 35 10372 MCZT Tanypus scapularis Loew, 1866: 2 L, PL M, F Pinned/Slide NE/NT 36 10373 MCZT Roback, 1971: Tanypus telus H, P M. F Pinned/Slide NE 31777 61 MCZT Tanypus thoracicus Loew, 1866: 4 L, PL M, F Pinned/Slide NE 37 10374 MCZT Loew, 1861: Tanypus tricolor H F Pinned NE/NT 38 10375 309

TELMATOGETONINAE

Type Original Author/ Original genus Type Sex Preparation Distribution Note number species Reference MCZT Wirth, 1947: Thalassomyia setosipennis P M, F Pinned AU 39 27639 121

20 Notes on Table 1 Chironomus brachialis Coquillett, 1901 is now brachialis (Coquillett, 1901). Chironomus bulbosa Gerry, 1933, the spelling of which has been corrected to C. bulbosus, is a nomen dubium in Chi- ronominae. Chironomus imperator Walley, 1926 is a junior synonym of (Linnaeus, 1758). Chironomus jamaicensis Gerry, 1933 is a nomen dubium in Chironominae. Chironomus nigricans Johannsen, 1905 is now nigricans (Johannsen, 1905). Chironomus taeniapennis Coquillett, 1901 is a junior synonym of Stenochironomus hilaris (Walker, 1848). Harnischia amachaerus Townes, 1945 is now amachaerus (Townes, 1945). Harnischia argentea Townes, 1945 is now argentea (Townes, 1945). Harnischia carinata Townes, 1945 is now carinatus (Townes, 1945). Harnischia cuneata Townes, 1945 is now cuneatus (Townes, 1945). Harnischia potamogeti Townes, 1945 is now Parachironomus potamogeti (Townes, 1945). Tanytarsus subtendens Townes, 1945 is now Endochironomus subtendens (Townes, 1945). Tanytarsus protextus Townes, 1945 is now a junior synonym of Tribelos jucundum (Walker, 1848). Tendipes atroviridis Townes, 1945 is now Chironomus atroviridis (Townes, 1945). Tendipes biseta Townes, 1945 is now Chironomus biseta (Townes, 1945). Tendipes carus Townes, 1945 is now carus (Townes, 1945). Tendipes ochreatus Townes, 1945 is now Chironomus ochreatus (Townes, 1945). Tendipes tuberculatus Townes, 1945 is now Chironomus tuberculatus (Townes, 1945). Ablabesmyia tarella Roback, 1971 is a junior synonym of Ablabesmyia mallochi (Walley, 1925). Tanypus bellus Loew, 1866 is now bellus (Loew, 1866). Tanypus brooksi Gerry, 1933 is nomen dubium in . Tanypus concinnus Coquillett, 1895 is now Coelotanypus concinnus (Coquillett, 1895). Tanypus cornuticaudatus Walley, 1925 is now cornuticaudata (Walley, 1925). Tanypus currani Walley, 1925 is now currani (Walley, 1925). Tanypus flavicinctus Loew, 1861 is a junior synonym of pinguis (Loew, 1861). Tanypus garretti Walley, 1925 is a junior synonym of dyari (Coquillett, 1902). Tanypus hirtipennis Loew, 1866 is a junior synonym of decedens (Walker, 1848). Tanypus humeralis Loew, 1866 is now Coelotanypus humeralis (Loew, 1866). Tanypus mallochi Walley, 1925 is now Ablabesmyia mallochi (Walley, 1925). Tanypus peleensis Walley, 1926 is now Ablabesmyia peleensis (Walley, 1926). Tanypus pilicaudatus Walley, 1925 is now Helopelopia pilicaudata (Walley, 1925). Tanypus pilosellus Loew, 1866 is now pilosella (Loew, 1866). Tanypus pinguis Loew, 1861 is now Clinotanypus pinguis (Loew, 1861). Tanypus prudens Walley, 1925 is a junior synonym of Ablabesmyia pulchripennis (Lundbeck, 1898). Tanypus pusillus Loew, 1866 is a junior synonym of Procladius bellus (Loew, 1866). Tanypus scapularis Loew, 1866 is now Coelotanypus scapularis (Loew, 1866). Tanypus thoracicus Loew, 1866 is a junior synonym of Clinotanypus pinguis (Loew, 1861). Tanypus tricolor Loew, 1861 is now Coelotanypus tricolor (Loew, 1861). Thalassomyia setosipennis Wirth, 1947 is valid with the spelling Thalassomya setosipennis.

21 Acknowledgements Loew, H. 1861. Diptera Americae septentrionalis indigena. Centuria prima. - Berl. Entomol. Z. I am very grateful to Dr. Philip Perkins, Museum of Comparative Zoology, for his hospitality dur- 5: 307-359. ing my stay, and to Dr. James Hanken and Cath- Loew, H. 1864. Diptera Americae septentrionalis erine Weisel for helping me organize my visit. indigena. Centuria quinta. - Berl. Entomol. Z. Thanks also to Martin Spies, Dr. Marion Kotrba, 8: 49-104. Dr. Susana Trivinho-Strixino and Dr. Dalva Matos for supporting my application for an Ernst Mayr Loew, H. 1866. Diptera Americae septentrionalis Travel Grant, and to Dr. Alaide Fonseca-Gessner indigena. Centuria septima. - Berl. Entomol. Z. for valuable suggestions on the manuscript. Fi- 10: 1-54. nally, I would like to thank Zaki Habib-Gómez for Oliver, D. R., Dillon, M. E. & Cranston, P. S. 1990. checking the English text. The author has received A catalog of Nearctic Chironomidae. - Agric. financial support from the Ernst Mayr Fund (MCZ Can. Publ. 1857/B: 1-89. - Harvard University) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq Osten Sacken, C. R. 1877. Western Diptera: de- - Brazil). scription of new genera and species of Diptera from the region west of the Mississippi and especially from California. - Bull. U. S. Geol. References Geogr. Surv. Terr. 3: 189-354. Ashe P. & O’Connor J. P. 2009. A world cata- Roback, S. S. 1963. New Neotropical Coelotany- logue of Chironomidae (Diptera). Part 1. Bu- pus (Diptera, Tendipedidae, Pelopiinae). - En- chonomyiinae, Chilenomyiinae, Podonominae, tomol. news, 74: 169-176. Aphroteniinae, Tanypodinae, Usambaromyi- Roback, S. S. 1971. The subfamily Tanypodinae inae, Diamesinae, Prodiamesinae and Telma- in North America. - Monog. Acad. Nat. Sci. togetoninae. Ireland: The National Museum of Phila., 17: 1-410. Ireland, 455 pp. Spies, M. & F. Reiss. 1996. Catalog and bibliog- Borkent, A. 1984. The systematics and phylogeny raphy of Neotropical and Mexican Chirono- of the Stenochironomus complex (Xestochi- midae (Insecta, Diptera). - Spixiana Suppl. 22: ronomus, Harrisius, and Stenochironomus) 61-119. (Diptera: Chironomidae). - Mem. Entomol. Soc. Can. 128: 1-269. Thompson, F. C. and T. Pape. 2010. Systema Dip- terorum, Version 1.0. http://www.diptera. Coquillett, D. W. 1895. Descriptions of new gen- org/, accessed Feb. 2011. era and species, pp. 307-319. In C. W. John- son, Diptera of Florida. - Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Townes, H. K. 1945. The Nearctic species of Ten- Philadelphia 47: 303-340. dipedini [Diptera, Tendipedidae (= Chironomi- dae)]. - Am. Midl. Nat. 34: 1-206. Coquillett, D. W. 1901. New Diptera in the U. S. National Museum. - Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 23: Walley, G. S. 1925. New Canadian Chironomidae 593-618. of the genus Tanypus (Dip.) - Can. entomol. 57: 271-278. Gerry, B. I. 1933. Four new species of Chirono- midae from the Greater Antilles. - Psyche, 40: Walley, G. S. 1926. New Canadian Chironomidae. 94-97. - Can. entomol. 58: 64-65. Johannsen, O. A. 1905. Aquatic nematocerous Wirth, W. W. 1947. Notes on the genus Thalas- Diptera II, pp. 76-315. In: Needham, J. G., somyia Schiner, with description of two new Morton, K. J. and Johannsen, O. A. May species (Diptera: Tendipedidae). - Proc. Ha- and of New York. Third report on waii Entomol. Soc. 13: 117-139. aquatic . - Bull. N. Y. State Mus. Sci. Serv. 86: 7-352.

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