Initial Environmental Examination
Reconstruction of the Islamic University of Palu Subproject December 2020
INO: Emergency Assistance for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (Component 1: Public Works Infrastructure)
Prepared by Directorate General of Human Settlement, Ministry of Public Works and Housing for the Asian Development Bank.
This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section on ADB’s website.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... II LIST OF FIGURES ...... III LIST OF TABLES ...... III LIST OF APPENDICES ...... III ABBREVIATIONS ...... IV I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 1 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 4 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 7 A. Site Location, Spatial Plan, and Zonation within the Institute ...... 7 B. Pre-construction Phase ...... 19 C. Construction Phase...... 20 D. Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 23 IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 25 A. Physical Conditions ...... 25 B. Ecological Condition ...... 26 C. Socio-economic Condition ...... 27 V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 29 A. Pre-Construction Phase ...... 29 B. Construction Phase ...... 29 C. Operation and Maintenance Phase ...... 32 VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ...... 33 VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION ...... 34 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 35 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 37 A. Mitigation Measures ...... 37 B. Monitoring Requirements ...... 40 C. EMP Implementation and Reporting ...... 42 D. Budget for EMP Implementation ...... 43 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ...... 44 APPENDICES...... 45
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1 Existing Layout of IAIN’s Buildings - Campus 1 ...... 1 Figure 2 IAIN’s Buildings Damaged by Tsunami/Earthquake...... 2 Figure 3 The Site of IAIN’s Institute – Campus I, Palu ...... 7 Figure 4 The 2010 – 2030 Spatial Plan of Palu City ...... 8 Figure 5 Disaster-risk Zonation of Palu dan its Surrounding ...... 11 Figure 6 Overlaid IAIN’s Site with Various Thematic Maps ...... 13 Figure 7 The ‘Silebeta’ Coastal Protection Project in Palu Coast ...... 15 Figure 8 Future Layout of IAIN Palu (in relation to risk zonation) ...... 15 Figure 9 Design of the IAIN’s Buildings to be Constructed ...... 23 Figure 10 Topography of Central Sulawesi Province ...... 25
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Environmental Screening and Categorization for Environment ...... 4 Table 2 IFC’s EHS Guidelines Applicable for EARR Subprojects ...... 5 Table 3 Criteria and Corresponding Spatial Plan for Palu Disaster-risk Zone ...... 9 Table 4 Lecture Building to be Constructed ...... 16 Table 5 Student Center Building to be Constructed ...... 17 Table 6 Auditorium Building to be Constructed...... 18 Table 7 Kindergarten School and Powerhouse ...... 19 Table 8 Indicative Reconstruction Schedule of the IAIN Institute ...... 24 Table 9 Rainfall and Temperature of Palu City ...... 26 Table 10 Types of Plant Identified ...... 26 Table 11 Poverty Data of Palu City (2012 – 2017) ...... 27 Table 12 Common Medical Cases Reported for Palu City (2018) ...... 28 Table 13 Proposed Mitigation Measures ...... 37 Table 14 Environmental Monitoring Requirements ...... 40
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 - Related Environmental Screening and Subproject Categorization ...... 46 Appendix 2 - Spatial Plan Advice ‘KRK’ Letter on the IAIN Institute dated 20 August 2020 ...... 53 Appendix 3 – The Letter of Palu Environmental Agency on Environmental Document for IAIN Rehabilitation ...... 56
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ABBREVIATIONS
ADB - Asian Development Bank Amdal - Indonesian environmental impact assessment Bappenas - Ministry of National Development Planning/National Development Planning Agency BPPW - Human Settlement Agency of Central Sulawesi CSHSA - Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency DLH - Local Environmental Agency BPS - Central Bureau of Statistics CPIU - Central Project Implementing Unit CPMU - Central Project Management Unit DED - Detailed Engineering Design DGHS - Directorate General of Human Settlements EA - Executing Agency EARR - Emergency Assistance for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction EHS - environment, health, and safety EIA : environmental impact assessment EMP : environmental management plan FGD ; focused group discussion GRM : grievance redress mechanism IA : Implementing Agency IAIN : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (Islamic State Institute) IEE : initial environmental examination MOEF : Ministry of Environment and Forestry
MPWH : Ministry of Public Works and Housing PCO : Public Complaints Officer SPPL : Statement letter to conduct environmental management and monitoring (Surat Pernyataan Kesanggupan untuk Melaksanakan Pengelolaan dan Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup) SPS : Safeguard Policy Statement UKL-UPL : Environmental management and monitoring plan (Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup dan Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup)
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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. ADB approved the Emergency Assistance for Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (EARR) in June 2019 to support the Government of Indonesia in building back better critical infrastructure damaged by the devastating natural disasters occurred in Palu and its surrounding areas, Central Sulawesi Province in September 2018. One of EARR’s subprojects is the rehabilitation of the Islamic State Institute (Institut Agama Islam National - IAIN) – Campus I in Palu, an educational facility severely damaged by the disaster in Palu City. The rehabilitation of the IAIN is included in the Master Plan for Post-Disaster Recovery and Redevelopment for Central Sulawesi published by the Ministry of National Development Planning/Bappenas in 2018.
2. The site of IAIN – Campus I is located next to the Palu Bay and several buildings, among others, the Rectorate building, the student center, the auditorium, and three lecture buildings, as well as supporting educational facilities are severely damaged or lost due to the combined impact of tsunami and earthquake (see Figure 1 and Figure 2).
Figure 1 Existing Layout of IAIN’s Buildings - Campus 1
3. Based on the environmental screening and categorization conducted, the rehabilitation of IAIN’s buildings and facilities should be completed with an environmental evaluation document (Dokumen Evaluasi Lingkungan Hidup or DELH) based on the site visit and confirmation letter No. 1173/800/11b/X/DLH dated 1 October 2020 issued by the Environmental Agency of Palu City. The basis for this requirement is that the building’s area to be rehabilitated/reconstructed is effectively more than 10,000 square meters and the IAIN complex has an area of more than 5 hectares, which is the threshold value for an Amdal. However, some buildings within the IAIN’s complex have been constructed and used without an Environmental Permit, and therefore, according to Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.102/2016, the entire buildings
1 within the IAIN complex are required to be completed with a DELH. On the other hand, the ADB’s screening and categorization confirms that the rehabilitation of the IAIN’s is classified as Category B for environment, meaning that an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report is required.
Figure 2 IAIN’s Buildings Damaged by Tsunami/Earthquake 4. The reconstruction of the IAIN Institute will include building and facilities related to lecture rooms, student center, auditorium, kindergarten school and powerhouse. The total area of the building/built area to be reconstructed is estimated at 15,000 m2. The DED for these buildings have incorporated build back better principle that may include up to 30-meter deep foundations to ensure the building is resilient to earthquake and liquefaction as well as serve as the tsunami shelters. Further, the new buildings are located away from the Palu Bay with the green zone between the buildings and the Palu Bay as a buffer zone. The two-story auditorium building provides a tsunami shelter area of 1,280 m2 at its rooftop which is accessible by staircases as well as an outside ramp facilitating access for people with disabilities. The four-story lecture building includes shelter areas on the third and fourth floor as well on the top floor with a total area of 1,480 m2. Observations from the Earth Observation products obtained from the European Space Agency show that campus area is now stable, with minimal ground movement after the tsunami occurred in September 2018.
5. Key environmental impacts anticipated due to the construction of buildings and facilities of the IAIN Institute (to be funded through ADB loan) are expected to be localized within the construction site and of short-term duration (e.g., within the construction period of approximately 12 months). These impacts such as increased dust and noise level, turbid water runoff as well as health & safety risks for the workers and community, such as vibration and interface with construction vehicle and equipment are common and can be readily mitigated by implementing measures and monitoring typically applied by the building construction industry as defined in this IEE, relevant Environment, Health and Safety guidelines published by the World Bank, and the DELH report (to be completed and approved by the Environmental Agency of Palu City).
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6. Environmental monitoring on ambient air quality, noise level, management of siltation and surface water runoff will be undertaken by the contractor and supervised by the subproject’s implementing agency (IA), i.e., the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency, to evaluate whether the mitigation measures implemented are effective in minimizing the anticipated environmental impacts. The monitoring results should be reported on semi-annual (i.e., twice per year) basis to ADB for review and disclosure at ADB’s website.
7. The contractor should submit a construction environmental management plan (CEMP), incorporating occupational and community health & safety risk mitigation and monitoring, and specific for the works and area where the construction will be undertaken. The CEMP should be submitted for review/approval by the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency prior to construction. The implementation of CEMP should be reported to ADB on semi-annual basis i.e., January to June and July to December periods. In addition, a meaningful public consultation involving women and vulnerable groups should be undertaken prior to commencing the construction of buildings and facilities at the IAIN Institute – Campus I in Palu.
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II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
8. ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). All projects supported by ADB must comply with ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (2009), known as ADB’s SPS (2009), sets out the policy objectives, scope and triggers, and principles for Environmental safeguard areas to be followed across all aspects of its operations. ADB adopts a set of specific environmental safeguard requirements that borrowers/clients are required to meet in addressing environmental impacts and risks (see Table 1). The rehabilitation of IAIN’s buildings and facilities is screened for their impacts significance and classified as Category B for environment, meaning that the potential environmental impacts due to mentioned rehabilitation are reversible and common, and therefore mitigation measures can be readily mitigated. Therefore, an Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) report should be prepared to comply with the requirement of ADB’s SPS (2009) - environmental safeguard.
9. Environmental Regulatory Framework in Indonesia. In addition to ADB’s SPS (2009), the EARR’s subprojects should also comply with the requirements of Indonesian laws and regulations on environment to avoid, minimize, or mitigate significant environmental impacts due to project development activities. These laws and regulations including environmental screening and categorization required by ADB’s SPS (2009) and the requirement of the Indonesian Government are presented in Table 1.
Table 1 Environmental Screening and Categorization for Environment
ADB’s Screening and Categorization Government of Indonesia’s Screening
Category A - A proposed project is classified as Amdal – A proposed project that are likely to generate category A if it is likely to have significant adverse significant impacts on the environment and listed in the environmental impacts that are irreversible, diverse, or MOEF regulation No. P.38/2019 requires an unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area environmental impact assessment (known as Amdal). larger than the sites or facilities subject to physical The criteria and scale of the project that trigger an works. An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is Amdal are defined in the MOEF regulation mentioned required. earlier. Category B - A proposed project is classified as UKL-UPL – A proposed project that does not require category B if its potential adverse environmental Amdal as stipulated in the MOEF regulation No. impacts are less adverse than those of category A P.38/2019 shall be completed with an environmental projects. These impacts are site-specific, few if any of management effort and environmental monitoring effort them are irreversible, and in most cases mitigation (known as UKL-UPL) document. measures can be designed more readily than for category A projects. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required. Category C - A proposed project is classified as SPPL – A proposed project that does not require Amdal Category C if it is likely to have minimal or no adverse or UKL-UPL shall be completed with a SPPL, which is environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, but written statement of the proponent to implement environmental implication of the project needs to be environmental management and monitoring activities. reviewed. A due diligence report or environmental management system is required. Source: EARR’s Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (May 2019) Note: SPPL: Surat Pernyataan Kesanggupan untuk Pengelolaan dan Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup (a statement letter of the proponent to implement environmental management and monitoring associated with an activity/small-scale project).
10. The Environmental Act No. 32 year 2009 (Law 32/2009) is the underlining law governing environmental management and protection affairs in Indonesia. Article 22 of the Law stated that any business and activity that has significant impact on the environment shall have an environmental impact assessment (known as Amdal); Article 34 specifies that any business and
4 activity that does not require an Amdal, shall have an environmental management and monitoring effort document (known as UKL-UPL). Both Amdal and UKL-UPL must be approved by the MOEF, provincial or district/municipality government depending on the location of a project. Subsequently, the approval of these documents is the basis for the project proponent to apply for an Environmental Permit (known as Izin Lingkungan). Small-scale activities that do not require Amdal or UKL-UPL shall submit a written statement of ability to undertake environmental management and monitoring of their activity (known as SPPL). The SPPL shall be submitted and given an official receipt/stamp by the local environmental agency.
11. The key implementing regulation of Law 32/2009 stipulating environmental assessment and permitting procedure for a project is the Government Regulation No. 27 year 2012 (GR 27/2012) on Environmental Permitting. This GR is applicable for the EARR subprojects and stipulates the key procedures and requirement to conduct the environmental assessment and seek its approval as well as apply for corresponding Environmental Permit. This GR also defines the division of responsibility within the government authorities at national, provincial, and local (district/municipality) levels on the approval process of Amdal, UKL-UPL, and SPPL including issuing Environmental Permit. The types and scale of project subject to Amdal are defined in the MOEF regulation No. P.38/2019. The procedures to develop environmental documents i.e., Amdal, UKL-UPL, and SPPL including its detailed content requirements are included in the MOE regulation No. 16/2012. The procedures to evaluate these environmental documents are described in the MOE regulation No. 8/2013.
12. International Good Practices. The ADB’s SPS (2009) requires that during the design, construction, and operation of the project the borrower/client will apply pollution prevention and control technologies and best practices consistent with international standards. The standard referred to by ADB in its SPS (2009) is the IFC’s Environment, Health, and Safety (EHS) Guidelines. These standards contain performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable and applicable to projects. When host country regulations differ from these levels and measures, the borrower/client will achieve whichever is more stringent. Table 2 presents the list of IFC guidelines applicable to the reconstruction of IAIN Palu that should be included in the IEE and adhered to in implementing the EMP.
Table 2 EHS Guidelines Applicable for EARR Subprojects
EHS Guideline Description, Relevance to EARR EHS General Guidelines (2007) It describes good industry international practices that must be applied for published by the World construction and operation of facilities and infrastructure to be supported under Bank/International Finance the EARR. Key sections of these guidelines of relevance to EARR include: Corporation (IFC) − Environmental guidelines (covering air emissions, wastewater and ambient water quality, hazardous materials management, etc.) − Occupational health and safety − Community health and safety − Construction and decommissioning (including debris removal and clearance). These general guidelines are designed to be used together with the relevant Industry Sector EHS Guidelines which provide guidance to users on EHS issues in specific industry sectors (see below). EHS Guidelines for Water and It provides guidance on operation and maintenance of (i) potable water Sanitation (2007) published by treatment and distribution systems, and (ii) collection of sewage in centralized the World Bank/International systems (such as piped sewer collection networks) or decentralized systems Finance Corporation (IFC) (such as septic tanks subsequently serviced by pump trucks) and treatment of collected sewage at centralized facilities. Most importantly, the guidelines cover
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EHS Guideline Description, Relevance to EARR the following aspects that should be considered in the design and operation of water supply and sanitation activities to be supported by the EARR: − Water supply (including water withdrawal, water treatment, and water distribution) − Sanitation (including fecal sludge and septage collection, sewerage, wastewater and sludge treatment and discharge) − Occupational health and safety − Community health and safety. EHS Guidelines for Waste It provides guidance for facilities or projects dedicated to the management of Management Facilities (2007) municipal solid waste and industrial waste, including waste collection and published by the World transport; waste receipt, unloading, processing, and storage; landfill disposal; Bank/International Finance physio-chemical and biological treatment; and incineration projects. Most Corporation (IFC) importantly, the guidelines cover the following aspects that should be considered in the design and operation of solid waste management activities to be supported by the EARR: − Municipal solid waste management (collection and transport, processing and storage, treatment, disposal) − Industrial non-hazardous waste management (such as sludge from water supply treatment plant, wastewater treatment plant, inert construction/demolition waste) − Occupational health and safety − Community health and safety.
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III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
13. This section describes the existing spatial plan and zonation of the disaster-prone area within Palu City, particularly in relation to the rehabilitation of the IAIN Institute – Campus I. Some discussions on the proposed revision of the spatial plan are also outlined herein. Further, it describes the building and facilities of the institute that will be rehabilitated/reconstructed.
A. Site Location, Spatial Plan, and Zonation within the Institute 14. Site Location. The IAIN Institute – Campus I is located at Diponegoro street No. 23, Palu City. The site of the IAIN Institute is situated between Cumi-cumi street, facing directly to the coastal area of Palu Bay, and Diponegoro street, in Lere neighborhood (kelurahan), West Palu subdistrict (kecamatan) in Palu, Central Sulawesi province. The coordinates of the IAIN site are approximately 119o 50’ 721” East longitude and 0o 53’ 088” South latitude. The area of the IAIN Institute is approximately 5.04 ha and on coastal-plain area, bordering to the North with: Cumi- cumi street and coastal area; to the East with Abd. Raqie Gir. Dato Karama street, the Darul Dakwah Islamiyah school and Cultural Park or Taman Budaya; to the south with Diponegoro street; and to the west with the Palu Grand Mall/Baiturrahman Mosque. Figure 3 shows the site of the IAIN Institute (area shaded in red) that has an area of approximately 5.04 ha. The land of the IAIN Institute is owned by the Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs and granted the Utilization-right-certificate (Sertipikat Hak Pakai) No. 00073 (date 17 January 2013) valid for twenty (20) years.
Source: Revised DED Report of IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu (PT Waskita Karya, August 2019). Figure 3 The Site of IAIN’s Institute – Campus I, Palu
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15. The 2010 – 2030 Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Palu City. According to this prevailing spatial plan, promulgated through the Regulation of Palu City No. 16 of 2011, the area within the IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu is designated for tourism and other utilization. This institute is situated in Lere neighborhood, West Palu subdistrict and considered as area prone to landslide and tsunami (see Figure 4 The 2010 – 2030 Spatial Plan of Palu City).
Source: Revised DED Report of IAIN Palu – Campus I, Palu (PT Waskita Karya, August 2019). Figure 4 The 2010 – 2030 Spatial Plan of Palu City
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16. The Disaster-risk Map of Palu and Its Surrounding. The revised DED report of IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu (PT Waskita Raya, 2019) states that small parts of the building and facilities to be rehabilitated/reconstructed are located in the prohibited zone or ‘ZRB 4’ (Zona Rawan Bencana) and some others are in the restricted zone of ‘ZRB 3’ (Zona Terbatas). These criteria is determined based on the Disaster-risk Zonation Map (Peta Zona Rawan Bencana Palu dan Sekitarnya) agreed by the National Development Planning Agency (Bappenas), Ministry of Agrarian and Spatial Plan/Land Bureau (ATR/BPN), Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR), the Ministry of Public Works and Housing (MPWH), the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG), and the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) in the meeting conducted at the office of the Indonesian Vice President on 12 December 2018 (see Table 3). Figure 5 presents the disaster-risk zone map of Palu and its surrounding areas published following the meeting at the Indonesian Vice President office mentioned earlier.
17. The prohibited (red) zone is prioritized for protected areas, green open space, and monument. New development or reconstruction of building is prohibited. Settlement in this zone is recommended for relocation. This red zone requires a minimal of 100 to 200-meter coastal buffer zone for tsunami prone areas counted from the highest tidal level i.e., 100-meter buffer zone for Palu Bay; 200-meter buffer zone for Lere, Besusu Barat, and Talise neighborhoods (kelurahan). The criteria of spatial plan for the restricted (orange) zone is less stringent than that of the prohibited (red) zone.
Table 3 Criteria and Corresponding Spatial Plan for Palu Disaster-risk Zone1
Zonation Definition/Criteria Direction on Post-disaster Spatial Plan
ZRB 4 – Prohibited 4 L: Massive liquefaction zone – post 1. New development or reconstruction of zone (Zona terlarang) disaster (e.g., Petobo, Balaroa, Jono building is prohibited. Settlement in this Oge, Lolu, and Sibalaya areas). zone is recommended for relocation. 4 T: Minimal 100 to 200-meter coastal 2. Designated spatial plan is prioritized for buffer zone for tsunami prone areas protected areas, green open space, counted from the highest tidal level i.e., and monument. 100-meter buffer zone for Palu Bay; 200-meter buffer zone for Lere, Besusu Barat, and Talise neighborhoods (kelurahan). 4 S: 0 – 10-meters buffer zone of Palu – Koro active fault (deformation disaster zone). 4 G: High land movement risk (post- disaster).
High risk of earthquake zone ZRB 3 – Restricted 3 S: 10 – 50 meters buffer zone of Palu 1. Development of new settlement and zone (Zona Terbatas) – Koro active fault. key facilities of high risk, including 3 L: Very high liquefaction risk. hospital, school, meeting hall, sport 3 T: High tsunami risk (KRB III) beyond stadium, central power generation and the coastal buffer zone. telecommunication (according to the National Standard of SNI 1726) is 3 G: High land movement risk. prohibited.
1 Translated from the Disaster-prone Map of Palu and Its Surrounding (Alternative 1) discussed by Ministry of National Development Planning (BAPPENAS), MEMR, Ministry of ATR/BPN, MPWH, BMKG, BNPB, Provincial Governor and Chief of the House of Representatives of Central Sulawesi, Major of Palu, Head of Sigi District, and Head of Donggala District at the meeting at the Indonesian Vice President office (12 December 2018).
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Zonation Definition/Criteria Direction on Post-disaster Spatial Plan 2. Reconstruction of settlements is High risk of earthquake zone strengthened according to the National Standard of SNI 1726. 3. Undeveloped areas in very high liquefaction risk as well as high land movement risk are prioritized for protected areas or land-cultivation (agriculture, plantation, and forestry. ZRB 2 – Conditional 2 L: High liquefaction risk. 1. Indonesian Standard SNI 1726 must be zone (Zona Bersyarat) 2 T: Moderate tsunami risk (KRB II). followed for construction of new 2 G: Moderate land movement risk. building. 2 B: High flooding risk. 2. Settlements in tsunami and flooding prone areas should be adjusted with their corresponding risk. High risk of earthquake zone 3. Undeveloped areas in very high liquefaction risk as well as high land movement risk are prioritized for protected areas or land-cultivation (agriculture, plantation, and forestry). ZEB 1 – Development 1 L: Moderate liquefaction. 1. Indonesian Standard SNI 1726 must be Zone (Zona 1 T: Low tsunami risk (KRB I). followed for construction of new Pengembangan) 1 G: Very low to low land movement building risk. 2. Low to moderate intensity of area 1 B: Low to moderate flooding risk utilization
High risk of earthquake zone
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Source: Revised DED Report of IAIN Palu – Campus I, Palu (PT Waskita Karya, August 2019). Figure 5 Disaster-risk Zonation of Palu dan its Surrounding
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18. City Planning Advice (Keterangan Rencana Kota or KRK) - The Letter No. 650/494/IX/DPRP/2020 (dated 10 September 2020) issued by the Head of Spatial Plan and Land Agency of Palu states the following, among others: Based on the Regulation (Peraturan Daerah) of Palu City No. 6/2011, every individual/entity that will construct buildings is obliged to have the required building permit (IMB). The construction of buildings for lecturers, green open space, and tsunami evacuation shelters is allowed with conditions included in: the Governor or Central Sulawesi decree No. 650/374/DBMPR-G.ST/2019 (dated 27 September 2019) on the establishment of Silae, Lare, Besusu Baral, and Talise (“Silebeta”) as the areas resilient to disaster; the letter of Human Settlement Infrastructure Agency of Central Sulawesi No. CK.04.02/ CB 28/309 (dated 20 July 2020) on technical justifications of building resilient concept of IAIN’s Campus I in Palu; and the letter of the Head Task Force on Disaster Handling of the MPWH No. PR.01.02/Satgas- PB/39 (dated 18 August 2020) on the establishment of “Silebeta” including the function of IAIN’s building (in part) as part of the disaster-resilient area. The “KRK” is not a permit and for information only; and therefore, activity or construction is not allowed prior to completing the required permits. The letter includes the overlay of the IAIN’s site and the existing 2010 – 2030 Spatial Plan, the Disaster-risk Zonation Map (2018), and the satellite imagery (see Figure 6).
19. The Meeting on the Rehabilitation of the IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu (dated 25 Juni 2020). This meeting was undertaken by the stakeholders involved to discuss that the site of the IAIN Institute – Campus I, in Palu is located within the EARR – Coastal protection subproject covering Silae, Lere, Besusu Barat, and Talise areas, known as ‘Silebeta’ (see Figure 7). This subproject is currently underway, comprising construction of a coastal embankment and four boat mooring facilities along the Palu beach. The total length of embankment will be 7.0 km along the coastline. The crest elevation of the embankment will be 3.0 m above mean sea level. Therefore, this coastal embankment can mitigate the impacts due to tsunami events.
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Figure 6 Overlaid IAIN’s Site – Campus I, Palu with Various Thematic Maps
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Source: Presentation of Head of Bina Marga of Central Sulawesi, IAIN Palu, 25 June 2020. Note: The coastal embankment project is highlighted in orange; the IAIN – Campus 1 is the area within the circle.
Figure 7 The ‘Silebeta’ Coastal Protection Project in Palu Coast
20. The Master Plan of the IAIN Institute. The following figure presents an overlay of the Master Plan of the IAIN Institute (reconstruction) with the proposed buffer zone of 20 m and 100 m counted from Cumi-cumi road.
Source: Detail Engineering Design Report of IAIN Palu Reconstruction Project, December 2019. Note: The proposed buffer zone from Cumi-cumi road is the area highlighted in mesh-typed shading. Figure 8 Future Layout of IAIN Palu (in relation to risk zonation)
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21. Through a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) conducted in October 2019, the Master Plan for the reconstruction of the IAIN Institute has been discussed and agreed by the key stakeholders, including the IAIN, the Settlement and Infrastructure Agency, the Spatial Planning Agency, ADB, and the expert team of architects and engineers. The key result of this FGD was that the reconstruction of the IAIN Institute will adopt an integrated green campus design feature. This design feature includes an open space/greenbelt area located approximately 100 meters from the coastline. Existing buildings within this 100-m green belt area will be demolished to reduce risks from tsunami hazards. Development of this greenbelt area will be integral part of the coastal protection project.
22. The design of the buildings (subject to reconstruction) will include an open space at the ground floor to function as common area. There is no brick wall to be constructed on the ground floor to minimize risk from tsunami hazards. The reconstruction of the IAIN Institute will also serve as an evacuation shelter in the event of tsunami occurring. The auditorium and classroom buildings are designed to be temporary shelter, and these are located at the third and fourth floor. The total area for this shelter is about 26,000 m2 and can accommodate up to about 1,400 refugees. These building will be provided with circulation pathways, toilets, and stores and constructed to meet with the earthquake resistance standards.
23. The reconstruction of the IAIN Institute will include building and facilities related to lecture rooms, student center, auditorium, kindergarten school and powerhouse. The total area of the building/built area to be reconstructed is estimated at 15,000 m2. The DED for these buildings have incorporated build back better principle that may include up to 30-meter deep foundations to ensure the building is resilient to earthquake and liquefaction as well as serve as the tsunami shelters. Table 4 presents the breakdown of the lecture room and facilities to be constructed for the lecture building.
Table 4 Lecture Building to be Constructed
Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
First floor Open space (for student activity) 1 1,920.61 1,920.61 Toilet for disabled people 1 8.00 8.00 Ramp 2 138.00 276.00 Changing room (20 m2/unit) 2 20.00 40.00 Main panel room 1 13.20 13.20 Server room 1 13.20 13.20 Stairways 3 35.00 105.00 Sub-total 2,376.01 Second Floor Classrooms (17 units) 17 1,058.00 1,058.00 Toilet 2 36.80 73.60 Ramp 2 138.00 276.00 Hallway/corridor 1 519.87 519.87 Janitor 2 4.00 8.00 Panel room 2 7.20 14.40 Circulation pathway 1 120.00 120.00 Stairways 3 35.00 105.00 Sub-total 2,174.87
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Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
Third Floor Classrooms (15 units) 15 930.00 930.00 Toilet 2 36.80 73.60 Ramp 2 138.00 276.00 Hallway/corridor 1 432.93 432.93 Janitor 2 4.00 8.00 Panel room 2 7.20 14.40 Circulation pathway 1 96.00 96.00 Shelter 1 217.25 217.25 Stairways 3 35.00 105.00 Sub-total 2,153.18
Fourth Floor Classrooms (8 units) 8 285.00 285.00 Toilet 2 36.80 73.60 Ramp 1 138.00 138.00 Hallway/corridor 1 238.80 238.80 Janitor 2 4.00 8.00 Panel room 2 7.20 14.40 Circulation pathway 1 96.00 96.00 Stairways 3 35.00 105.00 Shelter 1 616.00 616.00 Sub-total 1,574.80 Grand-total 8,278.86 Source: Detail Engineering Design Report of IAIN Palu Reconstruction Project, December 2019
Table 5 presents the breakdown of the rooms and facilities to be constructed for the student center building.
Table 5 Student Center Building to be Constructed
Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
First floor Open space 1 780.00 780.00 Changing room 2 16.00 32.00 Stairway 1 32.00 32.00 Sub-total 844.00 Second Floor Student senate room 1 56.00 56.00 Institute senate room 1 30.00 30.00 Student council room 1 56.00 56.00 Institute council room 1 36.00 36.00 Small-medium enterprise room 1 174.00 174.,00 Toilet (16 m2/unit) 2 16.00 32.00 Janitor 1 1.00 1.00
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Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
Utility panel room 1 4.00 4.00 Stairway 1 32.00 32.00 Hallway/corridor 1 176.00 176.00 Bridge to Lecture Building 2 42.00 84.00 Sub-total 681.00 Third Floor Function room 1 180.00 180.00 Senate faculty room 1 61.20 61.20 Faculty council room 1 61.20 61.20 Archive room 1 40.00 40.00 IT center 1 40.00 40.00 Toilet 2 16.00 32.00 Janitor 1 1.00 1.00 Stairway 1 32.00 32.00 Hallway/corridor 1 119.60 119.60 Bridge to Lecture Building 2 42.00 84.00 Sub-total 651.00 Rooftop Open space (as shelter) 1 696.96 696.96 Bridge to Lecture Building 2 41.08 82.16 Sub-total 779.12 Grand-total 2,955.12 Source: Detail Engineering Design Report of IAIN Palu Reconstruction Project, December 2019
Table 6 presents the breakdown of the rooms and facilities to be constructed for the auditorium building.
Table 6 Auditorium Building to be Constructed
Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
First floor Open space 1 1,624.40 1,624.40 Changing room (3.6 m2/unit) 2 3.60 7.20 Storage room 2 124.00 124.00 Stairways 1 32.00 32.00 Sub-total 1,787.60 Second Floor Lobby entrance and stairs 1 141.54 141.54 Entrance and stairs 1 96.80 96.80 Ramp to lobby 1 312.00 312.00 Ramp to shelter 1 96.00 96.00 Function room 1 960.00 960.00 Pre-function room 2 153.60 153.60 Backstage and preparation room 1 112.00 112.00 Storage 1 64.00 64.00
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Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
Meeting room 2 60.00 60.00 Operator room 1 22.40 22.40 Lactation room 1 16.80 16.80 Toilet 2 65.20 65.20 Circulation area 1 128.40 128.40 Stairway 1 32.00 32.00 Sub-total 2,260.74 Rooftop as Shelter Open space (sreeding) 1 717.80 717.80 Sub-total 717.80 Grand-total 4,766.14 Source: Detail Engineering Design Report of IAIN Palu Reconstruction Project, December 2019
Table 7 presents the breakdown of the rooms and facilities to be constructed for the kindergarten school and powerhouse building.
Table 7 Kindergarten School and Powerhouse
Built Area to be Buildings/Facilities Unit Total (m2) Constructed (m2)
A. Kindergarten’s building First floor Open space/playing ground 1 259.41 259.41 Second Floor Classroom (64 m2/unit) 2 64.00 128.00 Teacher’s room 1 45.60 45.60 Pantry 1 4.40 4.40 Toilet 1 36.00 36.00 Hallway/corridor 1 48.00 48.00 Stairway 1 16.25 16.25 Sub-total 537.66 B. Powerhouse PLN cubicle room 1 10.00 10.00 transformer room 1 30.00 30.00 Genset room 1 40.00 40.00 Sub-total 80.00 Grand-total 617.66 Source: Detail Engineering Design Report of IAIN Palu Reconstruction Project, December 2019
B. Pre-construction Phase 24. Pre-construction activities that have been undertaken as part of the early reconstruction of the IAIN Institute – Campus I in Palu include:
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Initial rehabilitation activities started during the emergency response period of January – April 2019. This project was funded purely by the Central Government’s sharia bonds (Surat Berharga Syariat Negara or SBSN) to rehabilitate six classrooms for three departments (i.e., Tarbiyah, Syariah and Ushuluddin). The DED of the reconstruction Master Plan of the IAIN Institute was prepared in 2019 by PT Wakita Karya and funded by the Central Government. The DED was discussed and finalized through focus group discussions conducted in September and November 2019, involving relevant stakeholders including the local government agencies, the IAIN, and ADB. In addition, the design of the new campus building was reviewed by an independent green building expert in April 2020 to make sure that these buildings are in conformance with the Green Building principles. These principles include assessment on, among others, energy efficiency; water efficiency; in-door air quality; environmentally friendly materials; waste Management; and grey water management.
25. However, there are key pre-construction activities that will need to be conducted prior to construction of the buildings and facilities at the IAIN are: completing the DELH report for approval and securing the Environmental Permit; and applying for the building permit (Izin Mendirikan Bangunan); and conducting a meaningful Public Consultation of the project as required by the ADB’s SPS (2009).
C. Construction Phase 26. The construction phase of the IAIN Institute will include the demolition of existing building and construction of new buildings and facilities. The facilities will include construction of room, parking space, toilets, and others for the buildings presented in Figure 9. Recruitment of construction workforce - The reconstruction of building and facilities for the IAIN Institute requires skilled and unskilled labors consisting of drivers, heavy equipment operators, project supervisor/foremen, stone-men, artisans, carpenters, electricians, and daily labors. It is expected that most labors will be recruited from the Palu City and surrounding areas. It is estimated that the total number of labors required is up to 200 people, but this number will vary from time to time depending on the workload. Mobilization of equipment and construction materials - The mobilization of equipment will include small to medium-sized excavators for earthworks and small tonnage of dump trucks for transportation of construction materials. Construction materials to be mobilized are soils, rock/stones, sand, cement, bricks, steels, and woods from Palu and/or its surrounding areas as needed. Site office and basecamp – Alongside the temporary lodging for about 30 - 40% of the total workers from outside Palu City, the basecamp should include a workshop for preparing, repairing, and storing tools and equipment and stockpiling some construction materials. The basecamp should be equipped with adequate toilet, bioseptic tank, and washing facilities. Demolition of damaged buildings and land clearing - There are ten (10) buildings within the IAIN Institute that have been severely damaged by the natural disaster occurred in September 2018 and should be demolished before the reconstruction starts. These buildings include, among others, the rectorate office, the classrooms of Tarbiyah department, the administration and registration office, the student center, the small-medium enterprise office, the library, the garages and parking lots, the archive building, and the powerhouse. Installing the building foundation - As the standard of earthquake resistance building, the construction needs to install up to 30-meter deep foundation.
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Construction of building and facilities – These will include construction of teaching buildings, student center, auditorium, and kindergarten as well as associated facilities (see Figure 9). Water supply - The clean water supply required for construction and the basecamp will be provided by the city-owned water utility (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) of Palu City and from underground water source, if available. Wastewater treatment system. The ‘Bio-septic’ tank system, each with a capacity of 5 m3, will be installed to treat sewage (black water) and liquid waste from kitchen, sink, bathroom (grey water) that will be generated by each building when operated. Drainage system – Open and/or closed drainage channel will be constructed to manage surface runoff including rainwater from the IAIN Institute prior to discharge into the city’s drainage system. Electricity supply - The power required for the IAIN Institute will be supplied from the state- owned electricity company (known as Perusahaan Listrik Negara) of Palu city. Diesel- powered generator may be used during the construction activity. About 18 units of street poles will also be erected as part of the reconstruction. Entrance and security - To ensure a controlled access to the reconstruction site, a main gate and security post will be built at Cumi-cumi street. This entrance is especially for construction workers and traffic to mobilize materials and equipment. The other entrance on Diponegoro street remains to be used for campus activities, students, and employees while the reconstruction is underway. Green open space – This will include provision of sport ground, parking lot, park and trees, and pathways for internal traffic. Use of eco-friendly materials – The reconstruction activities will only use eco-friendly materials e.g., the use of asbestos containing materials will be prohibited. Installation of fire prevention and firefighting equipment – Firefighting equipment such as hydrant, fire hose, fire alarms and fire extinguishers will be installed and provided in every floor of each building. During the construction phase, a hydrant box and some fire extinguishers will also be provided in the project site office. Disposal of demolition and construction wastes – Appropriate handling and disposal of demolition and construction wastes (e.g., rocks, wood, brick, used cement, ex-painting, and cement packaging, etc.) will be undertaken by the contractor. These wastes will be temporarily collected at dedicated storage areas and containers prior to removal to a final waste disposal site at Kawatuna managed by the Municipality of Palu city. Occupational and Community Health and Safety – The Contract will adopt and implement a health and safety management system to mitigate potential risks to the workers at the construction site as well as the public within the proximity of the construction site.
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Overview of the Student Center
Overview of the Lecture Rooms
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Overview of the Auditorium Figure 9 Design of the IAIN’s Buildings to be Constructed
D. Operation and Maintenance Phase 27. Post construction activities will include operation and maintenance of the buildings and facilities that have been constructed: Preparing the certificate of occupancy – This certificate known as ‘Sertifikat Laik Fungsi’ will be applied by the IAIN Institute from the relevant agency in Palu to ascertain that the newly constructed buildings have met the building codes and safety requirements prior to its use.
Operation and Maintenance – Upon completion of the construction, the buildings and facilities will need to be maintained. The operation and maintenance phase will include, among other, the use of the building and facilities, maintenance of electrical appliances, cleaning services, and waste disposal. The operation and maintenance activities will start right after the completion of construction works.
28. Schedule. The reconstruction activities of the IAIN Institute are scheduled to commence in late 2020 for approximately 12 months. The construction activity is to be completed by early 2022. The indicative schedule of this reconstruction is presented in Table 8.
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Table 8 Indicative Reconstruction Schedule of the IAIN Institute
2019 2020 2021 2022 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 Construction Phase oil Investigation
Environmental/building permit
; site office & base
Final disposal of construction
Construction Phase occupancy/building worthiness
April 2022 onward IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
A. Physical Conditions 29. Topography and Geology. The Palu City and Central Sulawesi province is generally a valley-type landscape that has an elevation of coastal plain level up to 1,000 meters above mean sea level. The topographic map and gradation in elevation of Central Sulawesi is shown in Figure 10.
Figure 10 Topography of Central Sulawesi Province
30. Regarding the Palu River basin, the flow pattern of the Palu-Lariang river basin teritory generally meanders over the area of Palu City; for the upstream and middle river reach, however, because of steep slope the flow tends to cut riverbed downward to create V-shaped valley. This indicates that the area has a relatively young geological cycle. Most of the soil conditions are porous, and river flow is not continuous occasionally due to dominant infiltration action, and
25 sometimes even makes base flow disappeared. Under such condition, when heavy rain happens on upstream area, flash floods occur (Source: IEE - Palu Coastal Protection subproject, November 2019).
31. Meteorological condition. Table 9 presents typical temperature and rainfall rate recorded for Palu city. The average temperature over 1-year period is approximately 27 ˚C. The minimum temperature for the year is around 22 ˚C recorded in July and the maximum temperature is around 32 ˚C recorded in October. The rainfall rate is recorded in a range of 80 – 170 mm/month.
Table 9 Rainfall and Temperature of Palu City
Parameter Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average temperature (°C) 26.6 26.7 26.9 26.9 27.4 26.6 25.7 26.8 26.7 27.7 27.2 27.0 Minimum temperature (°C) 22.9 23.0 23.1 23.1 23.8 23.1 22.0 22.8 22.5 23.3 23.1 23.2 Maximum temperature (°C) 30.3 30.5 30.7 30.8 31.1 30.2 29.4 30.8 30.9 32.1 31.3 30.8 Rainfall rate (mm) 101 88 90 102 130 157 158 147 164 109 110 76 Source: IEE – Palu Coastal Project (November 2019)
32. Ambient Air Quality. Baseline information on the ambient air quality within the IAIN Institute to be acquired by the Contractor prior to the commencement of the construction activities.
33. Noise Level. Baseline information on the noise level within the IAIN Institute to be acquired by the Contractor prior to the commencement of the construction activities.
34. Water Resources and Quality. Baseline information on the water resources and quality within the IAIN Institute to be acquired by the Contractor prior to the commencement of the construction activities.
B. Ecological Condition 35. Flora. Based on the secondary information at the project location, the existing plants have exceptionally low densities which are typical in such urban setting like Palu city. The tree species identified are those generally adaptive to the terrestrial environment as presented in Table 10. There are no mangrove species adaptive to tidal environments such as Avicenna sp and Rhizophora sp within the coastal area of Palu.
Table 10 Types of Plant Identified
Common Local Name Latin Name Remarks Trembesi Samanea saman Tree Ketapang Terminalia catapa Tree Pulai Alstonia scholaris Tree Cemara laut Casuarina sp Tree Johar Cassia siamea Tree Kayu jawa, jaran Lannea coromandelica Shrub Kelapa Cocos nucifera Tree Jarak Ricinus communis Shrub Petai cina Leucaena glauca Tree Cemara kipas Casuarina equisetifolia Tree
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Common Local Name Latin Name Remarks Mimosa Mimosa sp Herb Pisang Musa paradisiaca Shrub Flamboyan Delonyx regia Tree Teki besar Killinga sp Herb Kangkung laut Ipomoea pescapre Herb Kersen Muntingia calabura Tree Source: IEE – Palu coastal projection project (November 2019)
36. Fauna. Of the fauna identified at the project site, no endemic species were found, both from the Tokalekaju Mountains key biodiversity area (KBA) and Lore Lindu KBA (EARR 2019, Appendix 2). In the area around the mouth of the Palu River, a crocodile was detected during field observation. This type of crocodile looks common and is not expected to be listed as species of concern in the IUCN Red List.
37. Aquatic Resources. Fish resources in coastal areas are quite diverse, both the type and size of fish caught since in shallow water areas there is a lot of food for demersal fish and even pelagic fish species. The dominant types of fish and non-fish caught by fishermen are beach trawlers, including bijinangka fish, peperek, mullet fish, baronang, cendro fish, stingrays, layur, tembang fish, buntel, tongue fish, sea milkfish, lencam, pestle, shellfish, kepting, shrimp and squid (Loligo sp.). The dominant catch (by-catch) caught during the study was only the type of tembang fish, baronang fish, bijinangka fish and barebuku species. From other references, the types of fish that can be caught by fishermen include: Decapterus russelli, Katsuwonus pelamis, Rastrelliger bracysoma, Rastrelliger kanagurta, and Clupea fimbricata (Dokumen AMDAL Reklamasi Pantai Talise 2013). None of these fishes are listed in the IUCN Red List.
C. Socio-economic Condition 38. Population and Livelihood. Palu as the capital city of Central Sulawesi province has a land area of 395.06 km², and is divided into eight sub-districts and 46 kelurahans. This city has a density of 961 people per km². The number of households in Palu City is 89,783, with an average household member is four people.
39. The population of Palu consists mainly of Bugis and Makassar ethnics. Moslem (Islam) is the dominant religion in the city, although there are few Christians. The majority of Palu’s inhabitants are seafarers and traders. Much of the trade is conducted by small craft and localized along the western coast. Household industries include wood carving, sawmilling, plaiting, and basket and mat making. Small-scale industries process food and build and repair boats. Deep- sea fishing is also economically important. Copra and timber are exported.
40. The number of poor people living in Palu city for the past five years has generally decreased from 8.6% of the total population in 2012 to 6.7% of the total population in 2017 as well as its corresponding income per capita is shown in Table 11.
Table 11 Poverty Data of Palu City (2012 – 2017)
Poverty Line Number of Poor People Percentage of Total Year (IDR/capita/month) (individual) Population (%) 2012 336,509 30,140 8.58 2013 378,455 25,900 7.24
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Poverty Line Number of Poor People Percentage of Total Year (IDR/capita/month) (individual) Population (%) 2014 405,195 25,670 7.05 2015 419,596 27,190 7.42 2016 451,437 26,240 7.06 2017 473,355 25,500 6.74 Source: Palu City in Figures 2018 (BPS Palu, 2018)
41. Public Health. The rapid spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) global pandemic reported in March 2020 has been very much affecting the people in Sulawesi. The local government has been observing regulation of Large-Scale Social Restriction in response to this pandemic. This restriction is implemented by local governments throughout Indonesia with the approval of the Ministry of Health. It includes measures such as closing public places (i.e., shopping malls, wet markets, schools, and offices), restricting public transport, limiting travel to and from the restricted regions.
42. Other than the Coronavirus pandemic, the top ten medical cases reported for Palu City in 2018 were shown in Table 12. The dominance of respiratory tract infections reported may be due to poor air quality and personal hygiene. Dry and dusty conditions facilitate upper respiratory tract infections. Indications of poor sanitation are also shown by the high number of gastritis and diarrhea reported for the city.
Table 12 Common Medical Cases Reported for Palu City (2018)
Type of disease Number of cases
Respiratory tract infections 43,507 Gastritis 18,206 Other diseases of the respiratory tract 17,953 Diseases of the muscular system / binding organs 14,986 Allergic skin disease 10,540 High blood pressure (hypertension) 9,408 Nerves 10,253 Pulp and periapical tissue disease 7,382 Diarrhea 6,451 Tonsillitis 6,204 Source: Palu City in Figures (BPS Palu, 2018)
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V. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
43. This chapter elaborates key environmental impacts anticipated due to the construction of buildings and facilities of the IAIN Institute (to be funded through ADB loan). These environmental impacts are expected to be localized within the construction site and of short-term duration (e.g., within the construction period of approximately 12 months). Further it proposes measures to mitigate the mentioned impacts so that they do not cause adverse or irreversible impact on the environment and human health. These impacts can be mitigated by implementing measures and monitoring commonly applied by the building construction industry as defined in this IEE and relevant IFC’s EHS guidelines as well as DELH to be completed and approved by the relevant agencies in Palu.
A. Pre-Construction Phase 44. The pre-construction activities that have been completed i.e., the initial rehabilitation activities during the emergency response period of January – April 2019; and the DED of Master Plan on the reconstruction of the IAIN Institute are not expected to have residual environmental impacts and therefore, no mitigation measures are proposed.
45. Public Complaints and Concerns, EHS Impacts. These impacts should be anticipated starting at the pre-construction phase through implementation of the proposed mitigation measures: conduct a meaningful public consultation as required by the ADB’s SPS (2009); disseminate the grievance redress mechanism (GRM); and submit the construction environmental management plan (CEMP).
46. Compliance Issues. The DELH approval and Environmental Permit as well as the Building Permit (IMB) must be secured prior to commencement of the construction of buildings and facilities at the IAIN site to mitigate compliance issues of the reconstruction works.
B. Construction Phase 47. The reconstruction of IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu will primarily consist of three main activities: recruitment of construction labors; mobilization/demobilization of construction equipment and vehicles, supply of materials, and removal of construction/demolition wastes; and construction of the buildings and facilities as described in Section 3 of this IEE. The environmental impacts anticipated from these activities including proposed mitigation measures are described at the following paragraphs.
48. Ambient Air Quality. Demolition and construction activities, involving debris removal, soil excavation, transportation of associated wastes, and exhaust gas from construction equipment and vehicles (combined with windy condition) will result in increased airborne dust and fugitive emissions within the IAIN Palu site and its proximity. These airborne pollutants and existing ambient air quality in the surrounding area are anticipated to increase pollutants in the airshed at local level. To mitigate the impact on ambient air quality, the following measures are proposed: prohibit burning of construction and demolition as well as solid wastes; conduct asbestos survey/management plan if asbestos containing materials (ACM) are suspected at the site; use of, among others, conveyor belt, covered bin, tarpaulin, and water spraying;
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limit the speed of construction equipment and vehicles at 20 km/h within the construction site; require the construction equipment and vehicles to have valid licenses, maintenance record, emission test results and/or worthiness certificates; and limit the age of these equipment and vehicles to no more than 10-years old.
49. Noise and Vibration. During demolition and reconstruction, increased noise and vibration due to the operation of pile drivers and construction equipment and vehicles are expected. To mitigate the impact on noise and vibration, the following measures are proposed: schedule the construction within daylight time if possible (i.e., 06:00 – 18:00); and in case the duration of construction activity is required to extend into night-time period, the consent and permit from related government agencies and nearby communities are required; apply a temporary noise barrier (e.g. wooden plank, galvanized sheet, etc.) surrounding the construction site; Minimize or avoid, if possible, the mobilization/demobilization of construction equipment and materials through sensitive receptors e.g., residential areas and the buildings actively used at the IAIN Institute. limit the speed of construction equipment and vehicles at 20 km/h within the construction site; require the construction equipment and vehicles to have valid licenses, maintenance record, emission test results and/or worthiness certificates; and limit the age of these equipment and vehicles to no more than 10-years old.
50. Siltation and Water Quality Impacts. Demolition of damaged building and excavation of soil horizons to certain depths and mobility of construction equipment and vehicles within the IAIN Palu site will cause some ground disturbances that, in turn, result in exposed soil particles combined with water causing muddy surface water runoff from the construction site. This runoff can result in siltation of the drainage system inside and outside of the IAIN Institute. This situation leads to increased sediment in the receiving water bodies (i.e., nearby stream and/or coastal water) and local flooding. 51. In addition, the reconstruction activities including its workforce will generate used wash water and wastewater discharges in varying quantities that will need to be controlled prior to discharge to nearby receiving water bodies. To mitigate the impact due to siltation and impacts on surface water quality including potential for local flooding, the following measures are proposed: minimize soil excavation during heavy rainfall periods to the extent feasible; conduct soil excavation and land clearing only for the areas immediately needed for construction and laydown/storage of construction materials; install silt trap/fence or retaining wall to reduce siltation and minimize turbid runoff existing the construction site; provide a fit for purpose, mobile bio-septic tank for the toilets used by the construction workforce; and apply a trenchless technology for pipeline crossing (e.g., using above ground instead of underground pipeline) if feasible to do so.
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52. Soil and Groundwater Impacts. Non-hazardous solid wastes generated during demolition and reconstruction activities include, among others, inert debris, excess fill materials, scrap wood and metals, and household-typed wastes. Hazardous wastes that could be encountered are asbestos containing materials, soils contaminated with hydrocarbon/petroleum products generated by the construction activities (e.g., oily rags, used oil filters, and used oil). Leaks and improper management of these wastes could lead to soil and groundwater contamination and therefore, the following mitigation measures are proposed: implement a robust procedure for managing, including documentation, handling, and disposal, of non-hazardous and hazardous wastes in compliant with prevailing Indonesian laws and regulations2 and good international industry practice as described in the relevant IFC’s HSE guideline; provide adequate secondary containment, cleanup equipment, and fire extinguishers at the construction site; and conduct adequate awareness and induction trainings for construction workers on good waste management practices.
53. Flora, Fauna, and Aquatic Resource Impacts. No endemic, rare or endangered flora and fauna and aquatic resources is reportedly identified within the site of IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu site. The site is within the built environment of Palu city that has been severely damaged by tsunami/earthquake occurred in September 2018. Therefore, the impact on flora, fauna, and aquatic resources due to the planned construction within the IAIN site is expected to be negligible. No specific mitigation measures are proposed with this regard.
54. Occupational and Community Health and Safety Impacts. Demolition and construction activities of the building and facilities will have some health and safety exposures to construction workforce, students, teaching staff, and other personnel working at the IAIN Institute – Campus I, Palu. Exposures to airborne dust, noise, vibration, hydrocarbon/petroleum-based products, and high-risk activities (e.g., working at height, falling objects, contact with construction equipment and vehicles, etc.) are common for the construction activity. Further, increased incidence of communicable and vector-borne diseases attributable to poor sanitation of the construction site and personal hygiene of the construction workforce represents a health risk to the nearby receptors, particularly those studying and working at the mentioned campus. To mitigate these impacts, the following measures are proposed: conduct a risk assessment to assess potential health and safety risks associated with the demolition and construction activities to construction workforce and personnel mentioned above; and define mitigation measures to reduce the risk level to as low as reasonably practicable (known as “ALARP” principle); enforce implementation of a robust health and safety management system, among others, the requirement of the construction workforce to be declared as ‘health and fit for work’ by appointed medical doctors prior to being employed; provide awareness on HIV/AIDS; and strictly implement the Coronavirus mitigation protocol.3 implement a positive health and safety culture through, among others, pre-employment induction, daily safety talk, and reporting key health and safety statistics on regular basis;
2 Government Regulation No. 101/2014 on Management of Hazardous and Toxic Wastes; and Government Regulation No. 27/2020 on Management of Specific Wastes 3 MPWH instruction No. 02/2020 on Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Mitigation Protocol in the Construction Industry.
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impose mandatory use of personnel protective equipment i.e., safety helmet, safety shoes, safety glass, and visible vest (at minimum) that are appropriate for construction activities; restrict personnel and vehicle access to the construction site through construction of a dedicated entry/exit gate with security post and temporary fencing; and Install visible signage, sign board, and use of access card.
55. Employment and Business Opportunities. The demolition and reconstruction activities of the IAIN Palu are anticipated to provide limited, short-term employment and business opportunities (e.g., daily labor hire, food and beverage stalls (warung), local suppliers of goods and services. On the other hand, the employment and business opportunities may raise concerns from the local community and businesses, particularly if they feel that the IAIN reconstruction does not provide benefits for them. To enhance the aforementioned benefits and mitigate these concerns, the following measures are proposed: conduct a meaningful consultation with the project’s stakeholders as required by the ADB’s SPS (2009) prior to the contractor commencing the construction activity at the IAIN; The consultation should also be regularly undertaken during the construction phase; disclose the project’s information through booklet, website or notice board on a regular basis; prioritize local workers and suppliers for goods and services from Palu and surrounding areas, assuming they meet the qualification and specification required for the reconstruction project; and encourage the public at large to use the GRM in raising their concerns, complaints, and grieves related to the project and seeking amicable resolution.
C. Operation and Maintenance Phase 56. The building and facilities of IAIN Palu that have been completely reconstructed will be subject to commissioning and certification according to prevailing laws and regulations prior to hand over from the contractor to the user. The operation and maintenance phase will include, among other, the use of the building and facilities, maintenance of electrical appliances, provision of cleaning services, and regular disposal of solid wastes. The impacts associated with these activities are anticipated to be minimal and corresponding mitigation measures are proposed in the following.
57. Integrity, Sanitation and Aesthetic of the IAIN Institute’s Buildings and Facilities. The operation and e maintenance activities of the IAIN Campus will generate domestic-typed wastes, such as leftover food, vegetation trimming, plastic, cardboard, etc., wastewater and sewage from washing and toilets. These domestic wastes, particularly putrescible wastes, will generate odor and leachate as well as attract pest and flies if not properly handled. To mitigate these impacts, the following mitigation measures are proposed: develop written procedures for the operation and maintenance of building and facilities within the IAIN institute - Campus I; and establish a dedicated unit in charge for this matter; provide separate, closed waste bins for disposal of solid wastes; collaborate with the related agency of Palu City to schedule periodic disposal of solid wastes from the campus to the final waste disposal site at Kawatuna in Palu City; and schedule regular inspection of the sewage treatment facilities to determine the frequency for its maintenance and disposal of sewage sludge.
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VI. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
58. Without the planned construction of some buildings and facilities, the current space limitation at the IAIN - Campus 1 will continue and therefore, limiting the annual admission of new students. The current use of lecture rooms and other facilities beyond the original design and today’s education standards will continue, resulting in less than optimal educational outcomes (higher level of student dropouts and longer study time). The lack of an auditorium prevents holding important academic events such as public lectures, graduation, and other events. The lack of a student center limits on-campus activities and opportunities for the students’ personal and professional development. The unavailability of a kindergarten school deprives the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training of an on-campus research facility.
59. The Master Plan considers the limited space of 2.6 ha available for reconstruction of some buildings and facilities within the IAIN Institute – Campus I. Reconstruction at another location was considered not feasible as the objective of an integrated campus would not be retained and would also require time-consuming and costly land acquisition. With part of the campus area falling within the “red” zone, which prohibits building construction in view of the tsunami risk, the possibility to explore design alternatives within the campus area was limited. Furthermore, a building design with more than four floors (ground floor included) could not be considered in view of the Paly City building regulations. While considering the spatial and building height limitations, a small part of the designed lecture and auditorium buildings fall within the red zone. This was considered acceptable in view of mitigation measures that will be taken to reduce the tsunami risk to the campus.
60. One of the key outcomes of the focused group discussion is the recommendation that the reconstruction should adopt a green campus design concept requiring the creation of an open greenbelt zone between the buildings and the coastline. The design provides an open space, comprising sport fields, walkways, and garden/green area. To establish this zone, the Master Plan includes the demolishment of the severely damaged buildings. The green design concept is also adopted for the design of the buildings thereby improving energy efficiency and indoor air quality.
61. The building design considers the tsunami and earthquake/ liquefaction risks. To mitigate the tsunami risk, the buildings have been designed with open space at the ground floor which will function as common area or parking place; brick walls will not be constructed on this floor. Furthermore, the new buildings are located away from the Palu Bay with the green zone between the buildings and the Palu Bay as a buffer zone. As part of the disaster preparedness and response plan, two main buildings have been designed to also function as temporary shelter areas. The two-story auditorium building provides a tsunami shelter area of 1,280 m2 at its rooftop which is accessible by staircases as well as an outside ramp facilitating access for people with disabilities. The four-story lecture building includes shelter areas on the third and fourth floor as well on the top floor with a total area of 1,480 m2. To mitigate the earthquake/ liquefaction risk, the design has adopted pile foundation with a depth of up to 30 m for the buildings. The design is based on the results of geotechnical investigations through a borehole drilled within the campus area. Observations from the Earth Observation products obtained from the European Space Agency show that campus area is stable, with minimal ground movement.
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VII. INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION, AND PARTICIPATION
62. Meaningful stakeholders’ consultation and participation would be necessary for ensuring subproject acceptability by all stakeholders, including government, local people, non- governmental organization, and other related civil society organizations. Activities for information disclosure, public consultation, and public participation are part of the overall planning, design process, and construction of the proposed project.
63. In order to develop the DED, a preliminary survey and focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted by the Directorate General for Human Settlements (DGHS) through its Pusat Pengembangan Sarana dan Prasarana Pendidikan Olahraga dan Pasar (Center of Educational, Sports and Marketplace Facilities and Building Arrangements)4 in September and November 2019, involving relevant stakeholders including the local government agencies, the IAIN and the ADB. Subproject information was also disclosed in focus group discussions conducted as part of the activities.
64. As part of the environmental assessment process, a stakeholder consultation should be conducted at the initial phase where the project has not been specified in term of site location, design, technology, and material. The discussion should cover general hints to people that the project will generate both positive and negative impacts. In this case it is emphasized that the project will avoid, reduce, and mitigate the impacts. At the same time the project will enhance the positive impacts for community welfare. Once the environmental assessment (i.e.,DELH) is conducted, the discussion will focus on the environmental impacts and its mitigation measures as well as monitoring requirements.
65. A meaningful public consultation should be conducted to disseminate the project’s information and impacts as well as mitigation measures to be implemented prior to the contractor commencing the construction activity. The public consultation should include local communities, local civil society organizations (CSOs), and other relevant stakeholders. The grievance redress mechanism (GRM) for the project should also be disseminated at the public consultation. Similar public consultation should be conducted regularly during the construction phase.
4 DGHS assigned the responsibility for preparing the subproject to this directorate which was subsequently renamed as Directorate for Strategic Infrastructure.
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VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM
66. The Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will allow to prevent and address community concerns, reduce risks, and assist the EARR to maximize environmental and social benefits. In addition to serving as a platform to resolve grievances, the GRM should help achieve the following objectives: (i) open channels for effective communication, including the identification of new environmental issues of concern arising from the EARR; (ii) demonstrate concerns about community members and their environmental well-being; and (iii) prevent and mitigate any adverse environmental impacts on communities caused by EARR implementation and operations. The GRM must be accessible to diverse members of the community, including more vulnerable groups such as women and youth. Opportunities for confidentiality and privacy for complainants are to be honored where this is seen as important.
67. Each PIU will assign a Public Complaints Officer (PCO) to coordinate the GRM and deal with complaints from affected people throughout implementation of subprojects under its purview. Prior to construction, the PCO will finalize the GRM and issue notices to inform the public within the EARR area of the GRM. The PCO’s or PIU’s phone number, address, email address will be disseminated to the people through displays at the respective offices and at construction sites.
68. The Public Complaints Officer’s contact as follows: Officer name : Risty Ayu Ningtyas Phone number : 081233564011 Address : Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 30, Kota Palu Email : [email protected]
69. According to EARR’s Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (May 2019), the GRM involves the following stages: Stage 1: Submission of Complaint & Informal Resolution. When a problem occurs during project implementation, the community will complain to the project implementation contractor. The project implementing contractor will solve the problem if it is felt capable of resolving the problem. If the problem cannot be resolved by the contractor, he will report to the project supervisor or to the PIU (the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency for the IAIN subproject). To solve the problem reported to the PIU, the contractor together with the PIU will coordinate with the subdistrict or village where the problem originated. A resolution during construction can be handled by the contractors’ representatives at the construction site and other parties. At this first level, the grievance should be resolved within maximum 2 days. If the complaint is not resolved at this level, they may elevate his grievances to the second level GRM.
Stage 2: Formal Submission of Complaint. In the event of environmental problems related to the implementation of reconstruction and rehabilitation subprojects, the affected people or the community through its representatives can submit oral or written complaints to the City or Provincial Environment Agency (DLH or Dinas Lingkungan Hidup), bringing required evidences. The PCO must make documentation records. For each complaint, the PCO must investigate the complaint, assess its eligibility and identify an appropriate solution. It will provide a clear reply within five (5) working days to the complainant and the contractor. The PCO will, as necessary, through the PIU, instruct the contractor to take corrective actions. The
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PCO will review the contractor’s response and undertake additional monitoring. During the complaint investigation, the PCO will work in close consultation with the contractors and consultants. Contractors during construction should implement the redress solution and convey the outcome to the PCO within seven (7) working days.
Stage 3: Multi-stakeholder Meeting. At the village level, where a construction activity is implemented, an ad-hoc committee will be established. At this stage through mediation by the District or Provincial Environmental Office, an “environmental communication forum” will be formed, which will accommodate community complaints related to problems arising from IAIN subproject activities and other related projects. Through this forum, ways of solving environmental problems that arise will be sought. The forum also involves the PIU, the implementing contractor, community leaders, representatives of NGOs and local governments.
Stage 4: ADB Special Mission. If the multi-stakeholder hearing process is not successful, the PCO will inform ADB accordingly, and the ADB EARR team may decide to organize a special mission to address the problem and identify a solution.
Stage 5: Judicial Proceedings. If the affected person is not satisfied with the reply in Stage 4, he or she can go through local judicial proceedings.
Stage 6: Reporting. The PCO will record all complaints, investigations, and subsequent actions and report monthly to the PIU. A summary report on PCO operations and complaint logs will be included in semi-annual environmental monitoring reports to the EA (MPWH), and in the EA’s consolidated monitoring reports to ADB.
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IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
70. This section describes the proposed mitigation measures and monitoring requirements to be conducted by the project to minimize environmental impacts that may be generated due to the reconstruction of building and facilities associated with the IAIN Institute. The contractor should develop a site-specific contractor environmental management plan (CEMP) detailing the mitigation measures and monitoring requirement as described in Tables 13 and 14. The CEMP should be submitted to the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency as the subproject’s IA for review and approval prior to commencement of the construction activities.
A. Mitigation Measures 71. Table 13 defines the proposed measures to mitigate environmental impacts described in the earlier sections and to be implemented by the contractor and supervised by government agencies and other parties as required.
Table 13 Proposed Mitigation Measures
Anticipated Key Indicators of Mitigation Mitigation Measures Responsible Parties Impacts Measures Pre-construction phase Public complaints Conduct a meaningful public Minutes of meeting The contractor and concerns and consultation as required by List of attendees The Central Sulawesi EHS impact during the ADB’s SPS (2009). Presentation materials Human Settlement construction Disseminate the grievance Agency CEMP redress mechanism (GRM). Submit the construction environmental management plan (CEMP). Compliance issues Secure the DELH approval DELH approval The contractor and Environmental Permit. Environmental Permit The Central Sulawesi Obtain the Building Permit IMB Human Settlement (IMB). Agency Construction phase Increased Prohibit burning of Clear signboard The contractor pollutants in construction/demolition and Asbestos The Central Sulawesi ambient air quality solid wastes. survey/management plan Human Settlement Conduct asbestos Existence of conveyor belt, Agency survey/management plan if covered bin, water spraying asbestos containing Vehicle and equipment materials (ACM) are licenses, emission test, etc. suspected at the site. Ambient air quality does not Use conveyor belt, covered exceed the standard bin, tarpaulin, and/or water stipulated in Government spraying. Regulation No.41 /1999. Limit the speed of Noise level does not exceed construction equipment and the standard stipulated in vehicles at 20 km/h at MOE Decree No KEP- construction site. 48/1996. Require the construction
equipment and vehicles to have valid licenses, emission test and/or worthiness certificates.
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Anticipated Key Indicators of Mitigation Mitigation Measures Responsible Parties Impacts Measures Limit the age of these equipment and vehicles to no more than 10-years old. Increased noise Schedule the construction Permit to work at night-time The contractor and vibration levels within daylight time (i.e., as required The Central Sulawesi 06:00 – 18:00) The existence of temporary Human Settlement Obtain consent/permit from noise barrier. Agency government agencies and Signage and traffic officer nearby communities if regulating construction construction is extended into vehicles night-time period. Vehicle and equipment Apply a temporary noise licenses, emission test, etc. barrier surrounding the Noise level does not exceed construction site. the standard stipulated in Minimize or avoid, if MOE Decree No KEP- possible, the 48/1996. mobilization/demobilization Provisions in the of construction equipment construction contract. and materials through residential areas and the buildings used at the IAIN Institute. Limit the speed of construction equipment and vehicles at 20 km/h at construction site. Require the construction equipment and vehicles to have valid licenses, emission test results and/or worthiness certificates. Limit the age of these equipment and vehicles to no more than 10-years old. Siltation and Minimize soil excavation Minimal turbid runoff The contractor reduced water during heavy rainfall periods. discharged from the The Central Sulawesi quality Conduct soil excavation and construction site. Human Settlement land clearing only for the The existence of silt Agency areas immediately needed. trap/fence, retaining wall, Install silt trap/fence or and bio-septic tanks retaining wall. Stockpile the sediment/silt Provide mobile bio-septic removed at dedicated areas tank for the toilets used by prior to removal construction workforce. Apply a trenchless technology for pipeline crossing (e.g., using above ground instead of underground pipeline). Soil and ground Implement a robust waste The existence of waste The contractor water impacts management procedure management procedures The Central Sulawesi including documentation, Good practices of non- Human Settlement handling, and disposal, of hazardous and hazardous Agency non-hazardous and waste management. hazardous wastes in
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Anticipated Key Indicators of Mitigation Mitigation Measures Responsible Parties Impacts Measures compliant with prevailing Adequate containment, Indonesian laws and cleanup equipment, and fire regulations and relevant extinguisher IFC’s HSE guideline. Record of hazardous waste Provide adequate secondary inventory/waste balance containment, cleanup sheet and disposal manifest. equipment, and fire Presentation materials and extinguishers. evidence of trainings. Conduct adequate awareness and induction trainings on good waste management practices. Occupational Conduct OHS and CHS risk OHS and CHS management The contractor health and safety assessment associated with system included in the The Central Sulawesi (OHS) and the construction works. CEMP. Human Settlement Community health Enforce implementation of a Implementation report of Agency and safety (CHS) robust health and safety CEMP. impacts management system (e.g., Evidence on the use of PPE. pre-employment medical The Covid-19 Task Force checkup, awareness on established for the project HIV/AIDS, strict implement and is functional. of COVID-19 mitigation protocol). Protection fence installed Implement a positive health Security post and dedicated and safety culture (e.g., daily entry/exit gate exist. safety talk and reporting Safety signage installed and health and safety statistics). maintained. Impose mandatory use of Traffic warden assigned. personnel protective equipment (PPE). Restrict personnel and vehicle access to the construction site through construction of a dedicated gate with security post and temporary fencing. Install visible signage, sign board, and use of access card. Limited, local Conduct a meaningful public Requirement for the The contractor employment and consultation as required by contractor/sub-contractor to The Central Sulawesi business the ADB’s SPS (2009) prior prioritize local labor and Human Settlement opportunities to the contractor vendor included in the Agency commencing the contract’s clause. The CPMU construction works. Report the use of local The consultation should be labors and vendors in the regularly undertaken during project’s quarterly progress the construction phase. report Disclose the project’s The GRM register and forms information through booklet, established and used. website or notice board. Dedicated personnel to Prioritize local workers and handle GRM appointed. suppliers for goods/services assuming they meet the qualification and
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Anticipated Key Indicators of Mitigation Mitigation Measures Responsible Parties Impacts Measures specification required for the project. Encourage the public to use the GRM in raising their concerns, complaints, related to the project and seeking amicable resolution. Operation and Maintenance Phase Integrity, sanitation Develop/implement written The operation and The management of and aesthetic of procedures for the operation maintenance procedures IAIN Institute – the IAIN Institute’s and maintenance of building developed. Campus I building and and facilities within the IAIN The dedicated unit for The Central Sulawesi facilities institute - Campus I; and operation and maintenance Human Settlement establish a dedicated unit in of the buildings and facilities Agency charge for this matter. established. Provide separate, closed The waste bins available. waste bins for disposal of The collaboration solid wastes. established Collaborate with the related Inspection and maintenance agency of Palu City to schedule for the sewage schedule periodic disposal treatment facilities of solid wastes from the established. campus. Schedule regular inspection and maintenance of the sewage treatment facilities.
B. Monitoring Requirements 72. Table 14 presents environmental monitoring will be undertaken by the contractor and the EA/IA as part of monitoring and evaluation whether the mitigation measures implemented are effective in minimizing the anticipated environmental impacts during the construction and post- construction phases. The monitoring results should be reported on semi-annual (i.e., twice per year) basis to ADB for review and disclosure at ADB’s website.
Table 14 Environmental Monitoring Requirements
Anticipated Monitoring Frequency/ Monitoring Methods Responsible Parties Impacts Location Pre-construction Public complaints Report on the implementation Prior to commencement of The contractor of the meaningful public the construction phase and The Central Sulawesi consultation conducted in the regularly afterward. Human Settlement project’s quarterly progress The location for the public Agency report consultation to be determined EHS impacts during Report on the submission/ Prior to commencement of The contractor construction approval of the CEMP by the the construction phase The Central Sulawesi EA/IA Human Settlement Agency
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Anticipated Monitoring Frequency/ Monitoring Methods Responsible Parties Impacts Location Construction Increased pollutant Carry out ambient air quality The ambient air quality The contractor in ambient air sampling and testing testing and noise level The Central Sulawesi quality and noise according to the measurement should be Human Settlement and vibration level requirements of Government undertaken by the parties Agency Regulation No. 41/1999. accredited by the National Carry out measurement of Accreditation Committee ambient noise level (KAN): according to the requirement - Once prior to of MOE Decree No. KEP- construction 48/1996. - Quarterly basis during Carry out visual observation construction of the transportation of - Once after construction. construction vehicles and Inspection checklist, notes equipment. and photos completed with date, name, and signature of the inspectors. The monitoring is conducted at 3 to 4 locations considered representatives of the sensitive receptors of the impact and/or follow those to be determined in the Amdal or UKL-UPL. Siltation and Conduct field/visual Weekly inspection at areas The contractor reduced water inspection for indication of where land disturbance The Central Sulawesi quality siltation and turbid water occurs and at settling pond, Human Settlement quality silt fence, and drainage Agency channel Document and report the inspection results using a The inspection is conducted standard checklist with both inside and outside the notes, dates, photos, and IAIN institute name and signature of the inspectors. Soil and Conduct field/visual Monthly inspection at areas The contractor groundwater inspection on how the where non-hazardous and The Central Sulawesi contamination handling, storage and hazardous waste are Human Settlement disposal of non-hazardous handled and stored Agency and hazardous wastes is Monthly review of hazardous conducted. waste balance sheet and Document and report the disposal manifest inspection results using a standard checklist with notes, dates, photos, and name and signature of the inspectors. Review the hazardous waste balance sheet and disposal manifest Occupational and Review of the construction Review of the construction The contractor community health workers’ fit for work workers’ health condition The Central Sulawesi and safety impacts conditions based on the prior to his/her employment Human Settlement letters issued by competent, Periodic evaluation of the Agency appointed medical doctors. COVID-19 test results
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Anticipated Monitoring Frequency/ Monitoring Methods Responsible Parties Impacts Location Evaluation of the COVID-19 Visual inspection is test result. conducted on weekly basis Visual inspection and This monitoring is conducted documentation on the at the construction site and availability and operability project’s offices. of: - PPE and First aid kits - Protection fences. - Security post. - Employee to assist traffic management. - Safety signages. - Sanitation of the site project office and accommodation Limited, local Review the level of Monthly review to be The contractor employment and employment and undertaken on these matters The Central Sulawesi business engagement of local The monitoring is conducted Human Settlement opportunities workers and vendors in the at the project’s office and Agency project. construction site Review the implementation of GRM. Operation & Maintenance Integrity, sanitation Conduct visual inspection of The mentioned visual The management of and aesthetic of the the building and facilities inspection and review are IAIN Institute IAIN Institute’s within the IAIN Institute, and conducted and reported on The Central Sulawesi building and complete the inspection monthly basis. Human Settlement facilities checklist with notes, photos, Corrective actions to be Agency as well as name and implemented as required signature of the personnel The monitoring is conducted conducting the inspection within the IAIN Institute Review the inspection result complex and implementation of the building and maintenance procedures for corrective action when required
C. EMP Implementation and Reporting 73. Steering Committee. At the national level, a steering committee comprising the Ministry of Finance, BAPPENAS, MPWH, Ministry of Transportation and Ministry of Religious Affairs will be formed to guide the implementation of the EARR. At the provincial level, a steering committee will be formed comprising the Governor, the Heads of District/City, and related sectoral agencies. The steering committee at the central and provincial level will coordinate with other relevant ministries, and development partners as well as communications with wider stakeholders.
74. Executing Agency (EA). The MPWH through its Directorate General for Water Resources is the executing agency (EA) of the EARR. The EA established a Central Project Management Unit (CPMU) with two Project Management Unit (PMUs): one representing the Directorate General of Water Resources (DGWR) and the other representing DGHS. The CPMU consolidates all project activities and reporting from the implementing agencies through their respective PMUs. There will be an environmental safeguards focal person (person-in-charge, PIC) in each PMU.
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MPWH and ADB will conduct regular coordination meetings involving all IAs and relevant stakeholders including provincial and district environmental agency and other sectoral agencies. A project management consultant (PMC) will support the CPMU and consolidate the environmental monitoring reports to the steering committees and ADB.
75. Implementing Agency (IA) and Project Implementation Unit (PIU). The DGHS is the IA and the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency (under DGHS) is the PIU for the reconstruction of the IAIN Institute in collaboration with the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The Project Management and Construction Supervision Consultant will assist in the monitoring of compliance with the environmental safeguards under the IAIN subproject, and in the reporting to the CPMU.
76. At the post-construction stage, the IAIN Institute will be responsible for operation and maintenance as well as the EMP implementation.
77. The contractor to be appointed will report on EMP implementation (both mitigation and monitoring) including its compliance with the requirements of the EMP at pre-construction and construction phase of the IAIN Institute. The report should be completed with supporting documents and submitted on semi-annual basis for review by the IA and subsequent endorsement by the EA prior to disclosure at ADB’s website.
D. Budget for EMP Implementation 78. The EA and its contractor should allocate adequate budget to implement the EMP defined in Tables 13 and 14. The budget to implement the EMP should be allocated and typically in a range of 5 – 10% of the total reconstruction cost. Adequate budget should be clearly presented with necessary details in the contractor’s bid and contract documents to cover the cost of EMP implementation, from pre-construction up to operation and maintenance period, particularly during the handover/guarantee period from the contractor to the IAIN institute. In addition, the IAIN institute should provide adequate budget for operation and maintenance of the building and facilities as well as EMP implementation after complete handover of the building and facilities from the contractor.
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X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
79. Conclusions. The reconstruction of four buildings including associated facilities (to be funded through ADB’s loan) of the IAIN institute – Campus 1 in Palu, Central Sulawesi is immediately required to accommodate the existing 8,900 students and increasing number of students in the coming years. These students and lecturers currently do not have sufficient classrooms and teaching facilities since the tsunami destroyed buildings and facilities in September 2018.
80. The anticipated environmental impacts related to the reconstruction of IAIN Institute are relatively localized, short-term, and reversible and primarily delineated within the construction site. These impacts are common for such construction projects and can be quite readily mitigated based on the proposed measures and monitoring as well as provision of adequate budget and resources defined in the EMP. The Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency as the subproject’s IA will supervise and monitor the contractor on this EMP implementation.
81. Recommendations. The appointed contractor is required to submit the CEMP, incorporating occupational and community health & safety risk mitigation and monitoring, and specific for the works and area where the construction will be undertaken. The CEMP should be submitted for review/approval by the Central Sulawesi Human Settlement Agency prior to construction. The implementation of CEMP should be reported to ADB on semi-annual basis i.e., January to June and July to December periods.
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APPENDICES
Appendix 1 - Related Environmental Screening and Subproject Categorization
Palu EARR - Environmental Screening and Categorization Subproject: Reconstruction of the Islamic State Institute – Campus I, Palu, Central Sulawesi
The following checklist and form should be completed for environmental screening and categorization of subprojects according to the requirements of ADB and Indonesian Government.
Location: Cumi-cumi/Diponegoro streets, Palu city Name/job title of party The Human Settlement Agency (Balai Prasarana preparing this checklist/form Permukiman Wilayah) of Central Sulawesi in Palu (assisted by ADB safeguard consultant) Job title: Project Implemention Unit Date: 30 June 2020 Signature: -
Summary of Project Description
In mid-2020, the Human Settlement Agency of Central Sulawesi, on behalf the IAIN management, proposed to reconstruct some buildings and associated facilities of the IAIN campus 1 severely damaged by the tsunami and natural disaster occurred in Palu in September 2018. The IAIN site is located at Palu coast. The buildings to be reconstructed are designed to have an evacuation shelter at its top floor that can be used in the event of tsunami happening. Four buildings to be constructed are for teaching, student center, auditorium, kindergarten, and powerhouse. The total building floors to be reconstructed is approximately 15,000 m2 within a footprint of approximately 2.7 ha. The overall reconstruction activities include: Initial survey/soil Investigation; public consultation; detailed engineering design; and securing the required permits for construction are key activities that will be conducted prior to construction of the building. Among the construction activities that will be conducted are: recruitment of construction workforce; site office and base camp establishment; mobilization of construction equipment & material; building demolition and land clearing; and the construction of building and facilities themselves. Preparation of certificate of occupancy/building worthiness certificate and operation and maintenance are the post construction activities. The reconstruction of the buildings mentioned earlier are not anticipated to generate adverse environmental impacts as this activity is conducted on brownfield site severely damaged by the tsunami event. Environmental impacts likely to be generated are those typically associated with building construction such as increased airborne dust and noise level, uncontrolled runoff that can be mitigated using common measures.
The IAIN buildings and landscape severely damaged by tsunami in Sept 2018
Part 1: The environmental screening of the subproject is conducted according to the requirement of Environmental Law No. 32/2009 on Environmental Protection and Management as follows. Check (√) the appropriate type of environmental assessment/document required for the subproject.
√ AMDAL (Indonesian version of EIA)
- UKL-UPL (Indonesian version of an environmental management and monitoring plan)
- SPPL (Commitment letter to conduct environmental management and monitoring)
Is the environmental screening confirmed by the provincial or district environmental agency (DLH)?
Yes IAIN/BPPW as the IA should formally request to the DLH on the environmental screening result required for the above.
- To attach the confirmation letter of the subproject screening by DLH:
Part 2: The subproject environmental screening is determined based on the information presented in the rapid environmental assessment (REA) checklist (see Table 1). In addition, the preliminary Climate Risk Screening form should be completed (see Table 2). Check (√) the appropriate type of ADB’s environmental categorization and environmental document required for the subproject.
Category A subproject Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) required
Category B subproject Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) required
Category C subproject Due Diligence Report or Environmental Management System required
Table 1 Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) Checklist
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks (Assume worst case scenario and no existing mitigation measures applied)
A. Project Siting
Is the project area adjacent to or within any of the following areas? . Underground utilities There is no formal information whether underground utilities exist within the IAIN site to be reconstructed. . Cultural heritage site The IAIN site is a brownfield area within the city of Palu already in use for building and other facilities prior to tsunami in 2018. . Protected areas (e.g. protection forest, There are no protected areas as intended in the national park, wildlife sanctuary and alike) vicinity of the IAIN site. . Wetland There are no wetlands in the vicinity of the IAIN site. . Mangrove There are no mangroves in the vicinity of the IAIN site. . Estuarine There is no estuarine in the vicinity of the IAIN site. . Buffer zone of protected areas There is no buffer zone of protected area in the vicinity of the IAIN site. . Special area for protecting biodiversity (key There is no key biodiversity area in the vicinity of biodiversity area) the IAIN site. . Bay The IAIN site is located in the Palu coast.
B. Potential Environmental Impacts
Will the subproject cause the following? . Encroachment on historical/cultural areas? The planned subproject will not cause encroachment on historical/cultural heritage site as the IAIN site is brownfield area not known for its historical/cultural heritage. . Encroachment on precious ecology (e.g. The IAIN site is not located in the area known for sensitive or protected areas)? historical/cultural heritage site. . Impacts on the sustainability of associated The planned subproject will generate sanitation and solid waste disposal systems? construction/demolition and solids wastes that require disposal to a dedicated disposal area. There is no information yet where these wastes will be disposed. . Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of The planned subproject will not cause involuntary people? resettlement as it will be conducted on the existing IAIN’s site.
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks (Assume worst case scenario and no existing mitigation measures applied)
. Disproportionate impacts on the poor, The planned subproject will not cause women and children, Indigenous Peoples, or disproportionate impacts as meant herein as it will other vulnerable groups? be conducted on the existing IAIN’s site. . Accident risks associated with increased The planned subproject is anticipated to increase vehicular traffic, leading to loss of life? safety risk due to vehicular traffic during construction period. . Increased noise and air pollution resulting The planned subproject is anticipated to increase from increased traffic volume? noise level and air pollutants concentration due to vehicular traffic during construction period. . Occupational and community health and The planned subproject is anticipated to increase safety risks? health and safety risks due to mobilization/demobilization of construction equipment, materials, and wastes. . Risks and vulnerabilities related to The planned subproject is anticipated to increase occupational health and safety due to health and safety risks due to physical, chemical, biological, and mobilization/demobilization of construction radiological hazards during project equipment, materials, and wastes. construction and operation? . Generation of dust in sensitive areas during The planned subproject is anticipated to increase construction? dust level within the IAIN site where the academic activities are ongoing. . Requirements for disposal of fill, excavation, The planned subproject will generate and/or spoil materials? construction/demolition and solids wastes that require disposal to a dedicated disposal area. There is no information yet where these wastes will be disposed. . Noise and vibration due to blasting and other Increased noise and vibration level is anticipated civil works? during the construction activities. . Long-term impacts on groundwater flows as The planned subproject is not anticipated to result result of needing to drain the project site prior in the drawdown of groundwater level as the to construction? construction activities do not use groundwater in significant quantity. . Long-term impacts on local hydrology as a The planned subproject is not anticipated to result of building hard surfaces in or near the change in hydrological pattern as the construction building? activities do not use river or other surface water. . Large population influx during project The planned subproject is not anticipated to cause construction and operation that causes large population influx as the workforce for the increased burden on social infrastructure and construction activities will be primarily recruited services (such as water supply and from Palu area. sanitation systems)? . Social conflicts if workers from other regions The planned subproject is not anticipated to cause or countries are hired? social conflict as the workforce for the construction activities will be primarily recruited from Palu area. . Risks to community safety caused by fire, The planned subproject is not anticipated to electric shock, or failure of the building’s elevate the community safety risks as the safety features during operation? mechanical and electrical as well as fire detection and protection for the buildings to be reconstructed will be designed according to accepted code of practices such as the Standar Nasional Indonesia.
Screening Questions Yes No Remarks (Assume worst case scenario and no existing mitigation measures applied)
. Risks to community health and safety caused The planned subproject is not anticipated to cause by management and disposal of waste? community health and safety risk due to waste disposal due to operation of the IAIN institute as this waste will be collected in dedicated storage area prior to collection by the city municipal service. . Community safety risks due to both The planned subproject is anticipated to cause accidental and natural hazards, especially safety risk if they have access to the construction where the structural elements or components site or if there is structural failure during of the project are accessible to members of occupancy of the buildings. the affected community or where their failure could result in injury to the community throughout project construction, operation and decommissioning?
Table 2 Preliminary Climate Risk Screening
Screening Questions Score Remarks
Location and Is siting and/or routing of the project (or 2 The siting of the IAIN buildings to be design of its components) likely to be affected by reconstructed has anticipated the potential project climate conditions including extreme for tsunami events. The IAIN site is in Palu weather-related events such as floods, coastal area that has been subject to droughts, storms, landslides? tsunami in 2018. Would the project design (e.g. the 2 The design of the IAIN buildings to be clearance for bridges) need to consider reconstructed considers the effect of future any hydro-meteorological parameters tsunami and associated natural disaster (e.g., sea-level, peak river flow, reliable events as the site has been severely water level, peak wind speed etc.)? damaged by tsunami in 2018. Materials and Would weather, current and likely future 2 The materials selected for the maintenance climate conditions (e.g. prevailing reconstruction of the buildings consider humidity level, temperature contrast future climatic conditions as it is in Palu between hot summer days and cold coastal area subject to tsunami events. winter days, exposure to wind and humidity hydro-meteorological parameters likely affect the selection of project inputs over the life of project outputs (e.g. construction material)? Would weather, current and likely future 1 Being in coastal and tsunami-prone area, climate conditions, and related extreme the maintenance cost of the building may events likely affect the maintenance be affected as it requires more regular (scheduling and cost) of project inspection and maintenance. output(s)? Performance Would weather/climate conditions and 1 Being in coastal and tsunami-prone area, of project related extreme events likely affect the the performance of the materials used for outputs performance (e.g. annual power reconstruction of the buildings will be production) of project output(s) (e.g. affected by windy conditions. hydro-power generation facilities) throughout their design lifetime?
Options for answers and corresponding score are provided below:
Response Score Not likely 0 Likely 1 Very likely 2
Responses when added that provide a score of 0 will be considered low risk project. If adding all responses will result to a score of 1- 4 and that no score of 2 was given to any single response, the project will be assigned a medium risk category. A total score of 5 or more (which include providing a score of 1 in all responses) or a 2 in any single response will be categorized as high- risk project. Result of climate risk screening (Low, Medium, High): High risk Other comments: The project is inherently located in Palu coastal area that has been subject to tsunami event in 2018.
Appendix 2 - Spatial Plan Advice ‘KRK’ Letter on the IAIN Institute dated 20 August 2020 (scanned version)
Appendix 3 – The Letter of Palu Environmental Agency on Environmental Document for IAIN Rehabilitation (scanned version)