The Media Case Study By Dylan Mooney & Chloe Malone
Understanding the creative media Sector/ Communication skills
Task 1 Dylan Mooney
TV
Name Audience Size Owner Location Market Share RTE 1 86.9% State Owned Donnybrook 17.8% Dublin RTE 2 83.4% State Owned Donnybrook 5.35% Dublin RTEjr 14.6% State Owned Donnybrook 0.74% Dublin Tv3 82.0% Virgin Media Ballymount 7.64% (Liberty Global) Dublin
3e 68.1% Virgin Media Ballymount 2.32% (Liberty Global) Dublin
UTV Ireland 68.9% Virgin Media Macken House, 5.96% (Liberty Global) Dublin 1
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Radio
Station Audience Size Owner Location Rte Radio 1 28% State Owned Donnybrook Dublin Fm 104 17% Wireless Group Macken House, Dublin1 Newstalk 14% Communicorp Marconi House, Dublin 2 Spin 1038 13% Communicorp The Malthouse, Dublin 2 98Fm 11% Communicorp The Malthouse, Dublin 2 Q102 7% Wireless Group 39-40 Mayor Street Upper, Dublin 1 Today Fm 7% Communicorp Marconi House, Dublin 2 Sunshine 106.8 5% Star Broadcasting ltd Castleforbes House, Dublin 1 RTE 2Fm 5% State Owned Donnybrook Dublin Radio Nova 5% Bay Broadcasting Castleforbes House, ltd/Choice Dublin 1 Broadcasting ltd/Star broadcasting ltd Classic Hits 4fm 3% Bay Broadcasting ltd Castleforbes House, Dublin 1
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Name Audience Size % Owner Location Irish Independent 14.1% Independent News & Independent House, Media 27-32 Talbot Street, Dublin 1 The Irish Times 8.8% Irish Times Trust 28 Tara Street, Dublin2 The Examiner 5.4% Landmark Media Blackpool, Cork Investments Irish Daily Star 8.6% Independent News & The independent Media and Northern House, Talbot Street, & Shell Dublin 1 Irish Daily Mirror 5.3% Trinity Mirror Park House, North Circular Road, Dublin 7
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Online Newspaper
Name Audience Size % Owner Location Irish Independent 6.6% Independent News & Independent House, Online Media 27-32 Talbot Street, Dublin 1 The Irish Times 4.4% Irish Times Trust 28 Tara Street, Online Dublin2 The Examiner Online 1.4% Landmark Media Blackpool, Cork Investments Irish Daily Star 0.5% Independent News & The independent Online Media and Northern House, Talbot Street, & Shell Dublin 1 Irish Daily Mirror 1.4% Trinity Mirror Park House, North Online Circular Road, Dublin 7
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Marketing & Advertising Name Clients Location i-Believe Irish Triathlon 39 Clarendon Street, Dublin 2 BikeRader Runireland.com Focus Advertising Ltd. Luas Cross City The Warehouse, Mt Eden Road, Dublin 4 Leap Card Intel ican Dublin Horse Show 2-4, Ely Place, Dublin Tesco Temple Street Permanent TSB
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Task 2 Chloe Malone
Ownership
As with many industries, competition and ownership are controlled by law as well as code. This is aimed to avoid the scenario where one group or individual holds a dominant position within an industry.
Ownership is the act, state or right of owning something. The person who has ownership over the thing in question therefore has full right to make decisions about the use of the thing.
Media ownership in Ireland is governed by the competition acts, regulatory bodies and voluntary codes of practice.
State Ownership: State ownership is companies owned by the people who have shares. They are usually held by the relevant minister. They are not commercially funded. A lot of its funding comes from the tax payer. eg RTÉ
Private Ownership: Private ownership can be commercial or non profit making. Shares are held by individuals or corporations. They are more interested in satisfying the company shareholders than the public. There are also more varied channel choices. Eg TV3
Market Consolidation: Market consolidation is where a small number of large media groups buy up as many media assets as they can which provides them with both market share and economies of scale.
Cross Media Operation: Cross media operations can operate across a number of different media. The company would have a lot more purchasing power which in time will reduce production costs. An example would be a radio station buying a local newspaper or TV broadcaster.
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TV Radio Print
State RTÉ One RTÉ Radio 1 - Ownership RTÉ One+1 RTÉ Lyric FM - RTÉ2 RTÉ 2FM RTÉ Raidio na Gaeltachta RTÉ Junior RTÉ Pulse Private TV3 98FM, Irish Ownership 3e Spin 1038 Independent UTV Ireland Today FM Sunday -(all owned by Newstalk Independent Virgin Media -(owned by The Herald Ireland) Communicorp) Sunday World TG4 –(owned Dublin’s Q102 The Star by Teilifís na FM104 -(owned by Gaeilge) -(owned by Wireless INM) Group[News Corp])
• RTÉ: is a semi-state company and national broadcaster for Ireland. • Director General: Dee Forbes • Chair of Board: Moya Doherty
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• Virgin Media Ireland: is Liberty Global’s telecommunications operation in Ireland. • CEO: Michael Fries • Founder: John C. Malone
• Communicorp: is a media holding quarter with its headquarters based in Ireland. • CEO: Gervaise Slowey • Founder: Denis O’Brien
• News Corp: is an American multinational mass media company. • CEO: Robert James Thomson • Founder: Rupert Murdoch
• INM: Independent News and Media is a media organisation with assets in 22 different countries. Its headquarters are in Dublin. • CEO: Robert Pitt • Founder: William Martin Murphy • Owner: Denis O’Brien
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Regulation: Media regulation is the control or guidance of mass media by governments and other bodies. This regulation can be split into two categories – statutory and voluntary. 1. Statutory regulation is operated with Legal Protection under a governing council. 2. Voluntary regulation involves an independent regulatory body and normally deals with codes of conduct, ethics and practice.
• Broadcasting in Ireland is regulated by the Broadcasting Acts 2009, overseen by the Broadcasting Authority of Ireland (BAI). The BAI have applied several broadcasting codes of practice and standards to hold broadcasters accountable to. • Print media is less regulated but still operates under the Defamation Acts and the office of the Press Ombudsman. Any complaints regarding material broadcast will be dealt with by The Broadcasting Complaints Commission (BCC). This is also part of the BAI. Advertisers on any form of media are voluntarily supervised by the Advertising Standards Authority Ireland (ASAI). • Online media is regulated by statutory as well as voluntary members of groups like the Press Council.
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TASK 3 Chloe Malone
Defamation in Ireland
Defamation: A defamatory statement is one which tends to injure a person’s reputation in the eyes of reasonable member of society. – As said on www.lawyer.ie
Traditionally, defamation was divided into two forms. There was libel and slander. Libel was the written form while slander was the spoken form. Today, because of modern technology, all defamatory statements are regarded as libellous rather than slanderous.
The 2009 Act abolishes the torts libel and slander and replaces them with the “Torts of Defamation”. The torts of defamation are 3 ingredients.
1. Has to be published. 2. Must refer to the complainant 3. It must be false.
Something can only be deemed as defamatory is published. In order to prove publication, only one person has to show proof of the publication and that his/her opinion was lowered as a result. A defamatory statement does not necessarily have to name someone. It can suggest a person(s) by their profession, location or connections. If one person gives enough evidence that he/she recognises the complainant by image or description that is enough to be deemed a defamatory statement. If a statement is privileged, the potential plaintiff has no cause of action. There are two types of privilege: absolute privilege and qualified privilege. Absolute privilege means the intentions of the publisher are irrelevant.
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Qualified privilege is free communication in certain relationships without the risk of defamation. This is generally where the person giving the statement has the legal, moral or social duty to give it while the other person has interest in receiving it.
Defamation Act 2009
• The distinction between libel and slander is now abolished. They are now replaced by “Torts of Defamation”. • The tort of defamation involves the publishing of a defamatory statement. • The Circuit Court received enhanced jurisdiction in relation to defamation claims. They can award up to €50,000 in damages in defamation cases.
Broadcasting Regulations
The Broadcasting Act 2009 sets the regulatory structure for broadcasting services in Ireland. It secures all Irish broadcasting content related legislation in a single act (as stated on the BAI website).
The Act provides provisions in relation to:
• Board Appointments • Broadcasting standards • Complaints and the Right of Reply • Commercial and community broadcasters • Public service broadcasters • TV Licence • Broadcasting Fund
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Gender Imbalance
• As stated on: http://eige.europa.eu/gender-mainstreaming/resources/malta/guidelines-gender- equality-and-gender-portrayal-broadcasting-media
Television and radio stations should increase the participation and involvement of both sexes in broadcasting as producers or decision-makers in the industry. Men and women should have the same responsibilities in the broadcasting industry. Broadcasters should ensure both sexes have the same access to all areas and levels of the broadcasting media. Broadcasting companies should recruit a gender-balanced staff. Broadcasting organizations should adopt an equality policy and a structure for the employment of both sexes in key sectors and in managerial level.
Political Impartiality
• According to: http://www.unav.es/fcom/communication-society/en/articulo.php?art_id=356
a) Regulation: to establish whether the news coverage that broadcasters give to political actors in their news programmes is subject to any kind of regulation and, if so, to what type of regulation and on the basis of what criteria. In other words, the study examines the legal contexts, the legal frameworks and the protection mechanisms in place.
b) Control: to identify who the significant actors are in terms of the control of pluralism.
c) Categorisation: to establish certain types of classification or common approaches to this topic in the countries studied.
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Religion
The manners in which people and different societies are represented shall be appropriate and shouldn’t be disrespectful to other people’s dignity.
• Show respect for the religious views, images and beliefs of other people. • No discrimination for age, race, marital status, religion, ethnicity. • This is not intended to prevent the critical scrutiny of religious beliefs by means of information, drama or other programming.
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Task 4 Dylan Mooney
Managing Director
For this section I have chosen to focus on TV and in particular Tv3. I will focus on the on the day to day operation of Irelands largest commercial television broadcaster. It starts off with Pat Kiely who is the managing director of Tv3 Group. Pat Kiely who has worked at Tv3 since its launch in 1998 was appointed managing director on the 6th of January this year. Managing director is the most senior role in the company. The main role of the managing director is to grow the company, maximise profits and get greater viewership. The manageing director is also the face of the company to the public and the press. The managing director would release statement on big changes to the company. Most recently Pat Kiely released a statement about Andrew Hanlon stepping down as director of news a role he has been in sice the company launched he said “It would be hard to find somebody who played a bigger role in TV3’s development of local programming than Andrew Hanlon. From launching Ireland’s first independent television news service, TV3 News, to Ireland’s only daily television breakfast show, Ireland AM, and lots in between, Andrew leaves a legacy of successful TV3 programmes. "Pat Kiely has been at Tv3 group since its launch in 1998 where he started off as director of sales where he maximised Tv3s commercial revenue during the boom and also the recession. Before he was in Tv3 Pat worked in Saatchi and Saatchi advertising group then spent a decade at various advertising agencies then rising to media director of DDFH&B before joining Tv3 group in 1998
Head of Sales
Below the Managing Director is the head of Sales .The role of Sales director has changes in recent months. There is no head of sales in tv3 but instead there is Virgin Media Solutions sales team who report to Tv3 group Commercial director Gavan Byrne. In this new format Tv3 group will gain commercial from not only Tv3 and 3e but also its video on demand service and virgin media public Wi-Fi services. Sales also organize compitions for the channels original and programming i.e compitions on the 7 o’ Clock show. Sales also organize some adverts for the station. Most recently they worked with COSC on an advert to raise awareness on domestic violence.
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Programming Director
The Tv3 group programming Director is Bill Malone. Bill was appointed in July of 2016. He came from RTE where he was Channel controller of RTE2 and he was also a member of the RTE. One of his most recent successes was First Dates. In his new role as Programing director he will be developing new content for the channel that appeals to the target demographic of the channel. To be programme director you must have an exctensive knowledge of the media landscape in the area in which the channel is being broadcast as they will pick most if not all content that will be broadcast.
Editors
Editors are one of the most importand people in a TV station as a lot of the content goes through them. The importance of their job is shown in how much they earn as they are the highest paid freelance worker in Tv3. What an editor does is that they get given videos and they have to edit them down to fit a certain timespan. One example of this on the champions league the editors will be given a match and they will have to cut the highlights down from 90 minutes into a 5 minute package were they can show the main chances and goals. A gfted editor will be able to edit videos to go to the beat of music which adds to the effect of the video. A qaualification is not needed to becoe an editor but I could help in getting a job. One course that you could go to is Creative Digital media in ITT
Sales and Promotion
The people who work in sales and promotion would work under the head of sales. They would be split into different projects to work on. The job of the sales team is to get more people to start watching the channel. This would involve clever advertising for there shows to get more people in to watch the show. One example of good advertising for a show is Red Rock after one of the main character Brian died there was a big campaign on who killed Brian. This bumped up ratings for the next show when it came out. Promotion on the other hand is done more on live shows and a lot of it is done over twitter where you answer with # as this gets people taking about it and the show gains more traction. A recomended qualification for this job is a marketing degree.
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Executive Producer
An Executive Producer is in charge of the quality and success of a TV show. They come up with show ideas along with regular producers. They are in constant contact with the presenter of the show and advise angles of what way to take a conversation i.e in champions league coverage on tv3 the producer will be in contact with Tommy Martin the presenter on what way to talk about a goal Was it good football? Or was t bad defending? The executive producer is in contact with the P.A about time segments on a show. One example is Vincent Browne the P.A will have set times for each part but the producer wishes he can take time off one section and put it on another if the topic is interesting. A degree is needed one such degree is the degree course offered in BCFE.
Department Manager
One Department manager in Tv3 is the director of new Andrew Hanlon who is stepping down at the turn of the year. Andrew who has been at Tv3 Group since its launch in 1998 has been a key man in tv3 over the years and behind some of special shows one of the most recent being The Leaders Debate which was aired in the run up to the most recent general election. Other show he has been involved in is the 5.30 US special the day after the most recent Presiential election. One of Andrews most acclaimed ideas was to turn Amanda Byram to Ireland AMs (Irelands only daily breakfast show) first female anchor when she was a model
Production Staff
There many people who o into the production of a live show.
Director: The Director is the boss in the gallery. They are responseable to make sure everything is in order for the show. They tell the presenter when to speak at the top of the show. If there is someone live in an off set locationthey make sure the live u is working. BCFE is a good place to learn to become a director
Floor manager: The floor manager is on the floor of the set letting the presenter know when to wrap up the show for a break letting them know how long they have on a v.t and if there are guests looking after them. Again BCFE is a good place to learn to become a floor manager.
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Graphics: The person in control of graphics inserts name graphics in to the show or twitter # to get involved.
Light/Camera: They look after the lighting in the studio and make sure there is no shaodows to make the shot look off. They also look after cameras and makes sure they are being used appropriately.
Vison Mixer: The vision mixer changes the shots that will be going live to broadcast. Mixing the shot from studio to an LVO and from that into a VT.
PA: The pa finds out the time of reads and VT and has to try fit the show into the time transmission has given them for the show If some items cannot fit into the show they must be dropped because If Tv3 do not show enough adds in an hour they will be fined.
Runner: The runner of the show usally prints off the Script of the show for the presenter of the show and the running order for all people named above. The runner will also operate the Auto Q.
Traffic Manager
The traffic manager is the person who controls the add breaks between shows. This is one of the most importand jobs in the company as if the company does not show enough ads they will be charged. Also they will not make enough money in commercial revenue. The traffic manager also gives the times for the shows and what time they come off air as some shows if there after each other and they are live there will need to be a six minute turnaround to set up the camera sound and guests for the next show.
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Interview with Deputy News editor from Tv3 Jackie Farrell
How the company operates? TV3 is Ireland’s largest commercial television broadcaster.
Who do you report to? Who reports to you? I report to Andrew Hanlon Head of News
What your job entails/ Role within the company?
I am Deputy News Editor, my job has been described as Air Traffic Control of the Newsroom. I manage the news resources (Reporters, Cameras, LiveU, Satellite Truck, Editors) for News Operations. Maintaining a daily log of camera crew jobs and assigning crew to reporters. Supervising desk staff and working with the Senior Producers towards our flagship bulletins at 12.30, 5.30 and 8pm. Researching, scripting, recording voice-over and editing in-house packages for news bulletins. Making sure that all necessary resources are in place for newsgathering operations. Booking all satellite feeds for the station. Maintaining a record of these bookings to be checked against invoices received. Organisation of Dáil feeds, play-outs and edit suite bookings, to maintain a record of bookings to be cross-referenced against invoices received. Acting as a point of contact for our international news providers. Sourcing of stills, copy and UGC from third parties, arranging rights clearances and credit agreements. Taking care of the financial details for the News department, tracking budget information, freelance pay, overtime, departmental supplies. Providing reports to Finance Team on freelance use, and administration of credit card control. Rostering of more than 60 staff for all news programming. Maintaining holiday/sick leave/force majeure records. Maintenance of the forward planning diary and responsibility for special events and emergency coverage of breaking news. Including co-ordination of TV3’s equality referendum results show, Vincent Browne Live from The George, Leader’s Debate, Election Result Show,Sunday AM’s 1916 Special. I am also Senior Producer of the Thread for 3e. Compiling 5 daily bulletins, sourcing pictures, writing script and recording voice-over. I am responsible for the content and sign-off on each bulletin after it has been edited. Co- ordination of AVID Editor Training in-house for news programming staff. Lastly but not
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least, filing music returns for our 12.30 Bulletin, 5.30 Bulletin, The Thread, and Documentary Unit’s output.
How you got to where you are now?
I always wanted to be a journalist from when I was about 3 years-old, I thought Kermit the Frog reporting into Sesame Street was the coolest thing. When I left school I had a really rubbish Leaving Cert that to this day I still have not counted up the points on. I was accepted into a two-year PLC Journalism Course on the strength of my writing ability even though it was a Print Journalism course, one of the modules was radio. When I sat behind the mic, I just loved the buzz and excitement. After that course I was a bit rudderless, I had hoped to transfer to DIT to upgrade my qualification to a Diploma, but those links from PLC to DIT seemed to have stopped. I applied for two 1 year courses in another PLC this time in Photography and in Broadcasting. I got accepted into both and had to decide which I really wanted to concentrate on, so I chose Broadcasting. I was a bit disheartened by this stage, and I didn’t really put in a lot of effort into the course. By the time it was coming to an end I had decided I wanted to really get my head down and concentrate on breaking into Journalism. I applied through the CAO and just about scraped into GCD’s Diploma Course. From there I worked to get good enough grades to be accepted into the final year of the Degree course, upgrading my qualification. I had work experience from interning at Spin 1038 when I left, so I tried to get more experience under my belt in local radio. I went to work at Dublin City’s Anna Livia for about 6 months, before giving up on the dream and looking for a “real job”. I started working at Yahoo! Search Management and found that it wasn’t what I really wanted but it wasn’t the worst job in the world and I learnt a lot of new skills. That’s when I thought a Master’s Degree could help with getting the dream gig in radio. About 3 months after starting part-time in DCU, while still working full-time in Y!SM I spotted a job ad for part- time journalists for FM104. I tracked down the email address of the Editor Trish Laverty and sent a message directly to her. She was impressed by that and gave me the gig. I worked 7 days a week, used my holidays from one job to work more in radio and studied where I could find the time! I finished out my Masters, and just as I graduated, a full-time job came up in FM104. I started as a reporter with them, before later working my way up to News Anchor and Senior Journalist. I left FM104 in August 2014 to move to TV3.
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What qualifications you have?
2007 Dublin City University: MA in Communications and Cultural Studies, Hons 2004 Griffith College Dublin: BA in Journalism & Communications, Hons · 2003 Griffith College, Dublin: National Diploma Journalism 1999 Marino College, Dublin: CDVEC + NCVA – Broadcasting 1997 Colaiste Dhulaigh, Dublin: CDVEC + NCVA – Print Journalism
Jackie Farrell Deputy News Editor, TV3 Group Westgate Business Park, Ballymount, Dublin 24 Tel: +353 1 419 33 44 Email: [email protected]
http://www.independent.ie/entertainment/television/tv-news/tv3s-director-of-news-andrew- hanlon-to-leave-station-35236351.html
http://www.irishtimes.com/business/media-and-marketing/pat-kiely-appointed-managing- director-of-tv3-1.2486816
http://www.adworld.ie/2016/09/30/tv3-group-launches-virgin-media-solutions/
www.lawyer.ie
http://eige.europa.eu/gender-mainstreaming/resources/malta/guidelines-gender-equality-and- gender-portrayal-broadcasting-media
http://www.unav.es/fcom/communication-society/en/articulo.php?art_id=356
http://www.tamireland.ie/box-clever/tv-basics/share-and-reach
Edited By Dylan Mooney
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