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Tourism Guide for the Tanga Region, Tanzania

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Tourism Guide for the Tanga Region, Tanzania Tourism Guide for the Tanga Region, Tanzania Contents Lushoto History, natural, cultural & built heritage 72 Attractions 73 Facts & Figures 75 Information & Contacts 76 Korogwe History, natural, cultural & built heritage 82 Ndumi Village Ruins Attractions 83 Facts & Figures 85 Foreword 4 Information & Contacts 85 Tanga Region Muheza History, natural, cultural History, natural, cultural & built heritage 6 & built heritage 86 Facts & Figures 11 Attractions 86 Organized Tourism Stakeholders 12 Amani Nature Reserve 87 Facts & Figures 91 Tanga City Information & Contacts 91 History, natural, cultural & built heritage 18 Mkomazi National Park 92 Attractions 24 Facts & Figures 31 Mkinga, Handeni & Kilindi 96 Information & Contacts 33 Tanga Coast Coelacanth Marine Park 38 Pangani & Ushongo History, natural, cultural & built heritage 42 Maziwe Island Marine Reserve 44 Attractions 46 Facts & Figures 49 Information & Contacts 50 Saadani National Park 58 Usambara Mountains History, natural, cultural & built heritage 64 Usambara Mountains its historic heritage to become a major Foreword tourist attraction on Mainland Tanzania. The Regional As a newcomer on the international Commissioner, and regional tourism map Tanga takes Tanga Region the opportunity to get it right from the start. The emerging tourism industry in Tanga Region is led by a cooperation Captured by the term “Geotourism” by between local private and public tourism National Geographics Traveller, exciting stakeholders. They are determined to new forms of travel are developing help residents and local governments to in the world that sustain and enhance recognise, preserve and use the tourism the unique character of a destination potential of the immense beauty of - its environment, culture, heritage, Tanga Region: the natural environment Traditional Dhow aesthetics and the well-being of its and diverse ecosystems of the Indian residents. Ocean coast, islands, mountains and the Maasai Steppe that all form part of Geotourism includes Ecological, Nature, Tanga Region. Cultural and Heritage Tourism. What they all have in common is that they In addition, Tanga Region also has offer visitors a wider range of authentic significant, valuable and unique built experiences off the beaten track, in heritage in its historical area. Nowhere addition to and beyond the traditional in East Africa exist historical buildings wildlife viewing and beach holidays. of heritage architecture and in large numbers as found in Tanga. And nowhere By enhancing a geographic location is this historical area so well planned and with its nature, history and culture, and developed as in Tanga City. involving local residents as hosts rather than servants, Geotourism creates a Let us all work together and develop the win-win situation. These new forms of significant tourism potential of Tanga Ushongo Beach tourism help local people recognise and Region in order to preserve and make use preserve the immense value of their own of marine and terrestrial environments local environment, unique cultures and and historical heritage! historical heritage, by carefully developing them into tourism products that generate considerable additional income. Maj. Gen. (rtd) Said Said Kalembo Regional Commissioner, Tanga Region Recent examples of successful Geotourism in East Africa include Zanzibar, where tourism has helped immensely to save the famous World Heritage site Historic Stone Town. Bagamoyo is now also following the same path and has started restoring Tanga City 4 5 Usambara Mountains reach up In the scramble for Africa over the to 2,000 meters above sea level last decades of the 19th century, and are part of the international German commercial interests and biodiversity hotspot “Eastern Arc later the German government Mountains” with their rich endemic conquered the inland, bought the flora and fauna. Particularly famous coastal strip from the Sultan and are the “African Violets” (called developed the colony as ‘German “Usambara Violets” in Germany). East Africa’. With its protected port Other attractions include Maasai and fertile hinterland, especially and Paré settlements in Handeni in the Usambara mountains, and Korogwe and the famous Tanga Tanga became a centre of sisal estates. German colonization and also an administrative centre up to 1890 History when Dar es Salaam was made the Tanga Region Tanga on the Tanzanian northern capital of the emerging colony. coast close to the Kenyan border has History, natural, a fascinating history as one cultural & built sandbanks. They are bordered by a of the oldest settlements heritage range of uninhabited islands - some along the East African Tanga Region covers 27,348 km2 with historical lighthouses and ruins coast. The word “Tanga” (3% of the total area of the country) such as Ulenge Island and Toten means “sail” in the Kiswahili and has an estimated population Island. Some offer accommodation language, an indication that of nearly two million inhabitants, in small resorts. the protected Tanga Bay has with at least 300.000 living in over many centuries offered Tanga City. While most people in The many interesting destinations a safe haven for local fishers the hinterland are small farmers to visit in and around Tanga Region and the thriving Indian Ocean and livestock keepers, the coastal include: historic Tanga City centre, trade along the East African rural inhabitants live off fishing off-shore islands - Toten, Ulenge, coast. Another translation of and small-scale farming. Others are Yambe and Karange, Maziwe Island “Tanga” refers to the Bondei Lushoto (formerly Wilhelmsthal) engaged in trades, boat building, off Pangani, nearby Amboni Caves, word “farm”. salt harvesting and charcoal making. Gallanos Hot Springs and Tongoni Tanga has the second largest port of Ruins. In 1631, people from the area joined Rapid colonial infrastructural and Tanzania. the Mazrui dynasty of Mombasa in economic development followed Tanga Regions hosts several protected their fight against Portuguese rule from 1889 after the end of the The region offers a wide range of areas: Saadani and Mkomazi National and remained under their influence bloody ‘Bushiri war’ - an uprising of beautiful places to visit: the long Parks, Amani Nature Reserve, thereafter. Tanga and Pangani local Arab rulers (accused of being Indian Ocean coastline with its Coelacanth Marine Park and Maziwe became important trading centres slave-traders by the Germans) and sheltered bays and lagoons, such Island Marine Reserve. for slaves and ivory when the Sultan their followers against the German as Moa Bay, Manza Bay, Kwale Bay, of Muskat and Oman moved to occupation and the sale of the Tanga Bay and Mwambani Bay; The region also has lush mangrove Zanzibar in 1832 and controlled a coast by the Sultan. To open up the Kigombe, Pangani and Ushongo forests, pristine semi-arid forests coastal strip of 10 miles inland of hinterland and especially the fertile have marvellous beaches - all with along the coast and on the islands. the East African coast. and cool Usambara mountains fringing and offshore coral reefs and Tropical rainforests of the scenic for economic development and 6 7 trade, a railway was built from Throughout the colonial history, the Tanga to Moshi and a road network main source of Tanga’s economic Sisal, developed, including the scenic wealth was Sisal, which was the economic base of Tanga’s ‘past glory’ winding paved road from Mombo introduced from Florida, US in 1893 up the mountains to the emerging and soon turned Tanga Region into Tanga’s wealth was for decades founded on Sisal (Agave sisalana), district centre Wilhelmsthal (now the World’s main producer and the “white gold of Africa”. Sisal, a hard natural fibre is indigenous Lushoto). Kiswahili was made the exporter of this profitable crop. to South and Central America, weighs about 150 kilograms when official language of the colony and This lasted for half a century up to fully grown and much resembles a giant pineapple. Sisal plants were African boys were offered education Independence, when nationalization introduced from Florida to East Africa in 1893 by a German, Dr. Hindorf. in the (still existing) Tanga School to resulted in the collapse of the One thousand plants were sent but only 62 survived the journey join the lower ranks of the colonial industry within a few years. (reportedly smuggled in the folds of a large coloured umbrella). Sisal administration. Tropical diseases is a very particular crop, which were researched and a public health World War I brought a massive is drought and disease resistant system was introduced with large- disruption of the economic and requires much sunlight and scale screening and early forms of development of the then prospering a narrow range of moisture. treatment of cholera, tuberculosis, colony. Germany and Britain fought Sisal Farm (1920’s) malaria and sleeping sickness among a long-drawn-out proxy war in The long spiky sisal leaves are others. order to tie up each others’ forces cut by hand, starting usually at and keep them off the European 2 to 3 years after planting, and Tanga town was developed with a battlegrounds. In November 1914 then annually for up to 8 years, when the plant dies after producing range of public, commercial and Tanga made military history with the a long flowering pole that is used for low-cost roofing poles. The sisal famous “Battle of Tanga”: ‘flowers’ are actually seedlings that can be planted directly into the with help of the newly built soil. Harvesting is an arduous task and workers have to be careful of railway the German colonel the sharp black spike at the end of each leaf. Fibres are removed von Lettow-Vorbeck shifted from the leaves in a factory by crushing and scraping. They are then overnight his troops of dried in the sun, graded and packed in bales for export. Sisal fibres settlers and Askari soldiers are turned into ropes, twines, cords, fishnets, mats and carpets, and to Tanga to defend the town more recently, insulation in luxury cars. Modern biogas technology against British warships.
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