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Ways of Seeing Data: a Survey of Fields of Visualization
• Ways of seeing data: • A survey of fields of visualization • Gordon Kindlmann • [email protected] Part of the talk series “Show and Tell: Visualizing the Life of the Mind” • Nov 19, 2012 http://rcc.uchicago.edu/news/show_and_tell_abstracts.html 2012 Presidential Election REPUBLICAN DEMOCRAT http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2012/11/01/163632378/a-campaign-map-morphed-by-money 2012 Presidential Election http://gizmodo.com/5960290/this-is-the-real-political-map-of-america-hint-we-are-not-that-divided 2012 Presidential Election http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2012/11/01/163632378/a-campaign-map-morphed-by-money 2012 Presidential Election http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2012/11/01/163632378/a-campaign-map-morphed-by-money 2012 Presidential Election http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2012/11/01/163632378/a-campaign-map-morphed-by-money Clarifying distortions Tube map from 1908 http://www.20thcenturylondon.org.uk/beck-henry-harry http://briankerr.wordpress.com/2009/06/08/connections/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Beck Clarifying distortions http://www.20thcenturylondon.org.uk/beck-henry-harry Harry Beck 1933 http://briankerr.wordpress.com/2009/06/08/connections/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Beck Clarifying distortions Clarifying distortions Joachim Böttger, Ulrik Brandes, Oliver Deussen, Hendrik Ziezold, “Map Warping for the Annotation of Metro Maps” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 28(5):56-65, 2008 Maps reflect conventions, choices, and priorities “A single map is but one of an indefinitely large -
Comparing Bar Chart Authoring with Microsoft Excel and Tangible Tiles Tiffany Wun, Jennifer Payne, Samuel Huron, Sheelagh Carpendale
Comparing Bar Chart Authoring with Microsoft Excel and Tangible Tiles Tiffany Wun, Jennifer Payne, Samuel Huron, Sheelagh Carpendale To cite this version: Tiffany Wun, Jennifer Payne, Samuel Huron, Sheelagh Carpendale. Comparing Bar Chart Authoring with Microsoft Excel and Tangible Tiles. Computer Graphics Forum, Wiley, 2016, Computer Graphics Forum, 35 (3), pp.111 - 120. 10.1111/cgf.12887. hal-01400906 HAL Id: hal-01400906 https://hal-imt.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01400906 Submitted on 10 Oct 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Eurographics Conference on Visualization (EuroVis) 2016 Volume 35 (2016), Number 3 K.-L. Ma, G. Santucci, and J. van Wijk (Guest Editors) Comparing Bar Chart Authoring with Microsoft Excel and Tangible Tiles Tiffany Wun1, Jennifer Payne1, Samuel Huron1;2, and Sheelagh Carpendale1 1University of Calgary, Canada 2I3-SES, CNRS, Télécom ParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 75013, Paris, France Abstract Providing tools that make visualization authoring accessible to visualization non-experts is a major research challenge. Cur- rently the most common approach to generating a visualization is to use software that quickly and automatically produces visualizations based on templates. However, it has recently been suggested that constructing a visualization with tangible tiles may be a more accessible method, especially for people without visualization expertise. -
Domain-Specific Programming Systems
Lecture 22: Domain-Specific Programming Systems Parallel Computer Architecture and Programming CMU 15-418/15-618, Spring 2020 Slide acknowledgments: Pat Hanrahan, Zach Devito (Stanford University) Jonathan Ragan-Kelley (MIT, Berkeley) Course themes: Designing computer systems that scale (running faster given more resources) Designing computer systems that are efficient (running faster under constraints on resources) Techniques discussed: Exploiting parallelism in applications Exploiting locality in applications Leveraging hardware specialization (earlier lecture) CMU 15-418/618, Spring 2020 Claim: most software uses modern hardware resources inefficiently ▪ Consider a piece of sequential C code - Call the performance of this code our “baseline performance” ▪ Well-written sequential C code: ~ 5-10x faster ▪ Assembly language program: maybe another small constant factor faster ▪ Java, Python, PHP, etc. ?? Credit: Pat Hanrahan CMU 15-418/618, Spring 2020 Code performance: relative to C (single core) GCC -O3 (no manual vector optimizations) 51 40/57/53 47 44/114x 40 = NBody 35 = Mandlebrot = Tree Alloc/Delloc 30 = Power method (compute eigenvalue) 25 20 15 10 5 Slowdown (Compared to C++) Slowdown (Compared no data no 0 data no Java Scala C# Haskell Go Javascript Lua PHP Python 3 Ruby (Mono) (V8) (JRuby) Data from: The Computer Language Benchmarks Game: CMU 15-418/618, http://shootout.alioth.debian.org Spring 2020 Even good C code is inefficient Recall Assignment 1’s Mandelbrot program Consider execution on a high-end laptop: quad-core, Intel Core i7, AVX instructions... Single core, with AVX vector instructions: 5.8x speedup over C implementation Multi-core + hyper-threading + AVX instructions: 21.7x speedup Conclusion: basic C implementation compiled with -O3 leaves a lot of performance on the table CMU 15-418/618, Spring 2020 Making efficient use of modern machines is challenging (proof by assignments 2, 3, and 4) In our assignments, you only programmed homogeneous parallel computers. -
Lecture 14: Evaluation the Perceptual Scalability of Visualization
Readings Covered Further Readings Evaluation, Carpendale Evaluating Information Visualizations. Sheelagh Carpendale. Chapter in Task-Centered User Interface Design, Clayton Lewis and John Rieman, thorough survey/discussion, won’t summarize here Information Visualization: Human-Centered Issues and Perspectives, Chapters 0-5. Springer LNCS 4950, 2008, p 19-45. The challenge of information visualization evaluation. Catherine Plaisant. Lecture 14: Evaluation The Perceptual Scalability of Visualization. Beth Yost and Chris North. Proc. Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI) 2004 Proc. InfoVis 06, published as IEEE TVCG 12(5), Sep 2006, p 837-844. Information Visualization Effectiveness of Animation in Trend Visualization. George G. Robertson, CPSC 533C, Fall 2011 Turning Pictures into Numbers: Extracting and Generating Information Roland Fernandez, Danyel Fisher, Bongshin Lee, and John T. Stasko. from Complex Visualizations. J. Gregory Trafton, Susan S. IEEE TVCG (Proc. InfoVis 2008). 14(6): 1325-1332 (2008) Kirschenbaum, Ted L. Tsui, Robert T. Miyamoto, James A. Ballas, and Artery Visualizations for Heart Disease Diagnosis. Michelle A. Borkin, Tamara Munzner Paula D. Raymond. Intl Journ. Human Computer Studies 53(5), Krzysztof Z. Gajos, Amanda Peters, Dimitrios Mitsouras, Simone 827-850. Melchionna, Frank J. Rybicki, Charles L. Feldman, and Hanspeter Pfister. UBC Computer Science IEEE TVCG (Proc. InfoVis 2011), 17(12):2479-2488. Wed, 2 November 2011 1 / 46 2 / 46 3 / 46 4 / 46 Psychophysics Cognitive Psychology Structural Analysis Comparative User -
Scientific Visualization
Report from Dagstuhl Seminar 11231 Scientific Visualization Edited by Min Chen1, Hans Hagen2, Charles D. Hansen3, and Arie Kaufman4 1 University of Oxford, GB, [email protected] 2 TU Kaiserslautern, DE, [email protected] 3 University of Utah, US, [email protected] 4 SUNY – Stony Brook, US, [email protected] Abstract This report documents the program and the outcomes of Dagstuhl Seminar 11231 “Scientific Visualization”. Seminar 05.–10. June, 2011 – www.dagstuhl.de/11231 1998 ACM Subject Classification I.3 Computer Graphics, I.4 Image Processing and Computer Vision, J.2 Physical Sciences and Engineering, J.3 Life and Medical Sciences Keywords and phrases Scientific Visualization, Biomedical Visualization, Integrated Multifield Visualization, Uncertainty Visualization, Scalable Visualization Digital Object Identifier 10.4230/DagRep.1.6.1 1 Executive Summary Min Chen Hans Hagen Charles D. Hansen Arie Kaufman License Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 3.0 Unported license © Min Chen, Hans Hagen, Charles D. Hansen, and Arie Kaufman Scientific Visualization (SV) is the transformation of abstract data, derived from observation or simulation, into readily comprehensible images, and has proven to play an indispensable part of the scientific discovery process in many fields of contemporary science. This seminar focused on the general field where applications influence basic research questions on one hand while basic research drives applications on the other. Reflecting the heterogeneous structure of Scientific Visualization and the currently unsolved problems in the field, this seminar dealt with key research problems and their solutions in the following subfields of scientific visualization: Biomedical Visualization: Biomedical visualization and imaging refers to the mechan- isms and techniques utilized to create and display images of the human body, organs or their components for clinical or research purposes. -
Techniques for Visualization and Interaction in Software Architecture Optimization
Institute of Software Technology Reliable Software Systems University of Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 D–70569 Stuttgart Masterarbeit Techniques for Visualization and Interaction in Software Architecture Optimization Sebastian Frank Course of Study: Softwaretechnik Examiner: Dr.-Ing. André van Hoorn Supervisor: Dr.-Ing. André van Hoorn Dr. J. Andrés Díaz-Pace, UNICEN, ARG Dr. Santiago Vidal, UNICEN, ARG Commenced: March 25, 2019 Completed: September 25, 2019 CR-Classification: D.2.11, H.5.2, H.1.2 Abstract Software architecture optimization aims at improving the architecture of software systems with regard to a set of quality attributes, e.g., performance, reliability, and modifiability. However, particular tasks in the optimization process are hard to automate. For this reason, architects have to participate in the optimization process, e.g., by making trade-offs and selecting acceptable architectural proposals. The existing software architecture optimization approaches only offer limited support in assisting architects in the necessary tasks by visualizing the architectural proposals. In the best case, these approaches provide very basic visualizations, but often results are only delivered in textual form, which does not allow for an efficient assessment by humans. Hence, this work investigates strategies and techniques to assist architects in specific use cases of software architecture optimization through visualization and interaction. Based on this, an approach to assist architects in these use cases is proposed. A prototype of the proposed approach has been implemented. Domain experts solved tasks based on two case studies. The results show that the approach can assist architects in some of the typical use cases of the domain. Con- ducted time measurements indicate that several hundred architectural proposals can be handled. -
Multi-Touch Table User Interfaces for Co-Located Collaborative Software Visualization
Multi-touch Table User Interfaces for Co-located Collaborative Software Visualization Craig Anslow School of Engineering and Computer Science Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand [email protected] ABSTRACT Integrated Development Environments (IDE) like Eclipse, Most software visualization systems and tools are designed and the web. These design decisions do not allow users in from a single-user perspective and are bound to the desktop, a co-located environment (within the same room) to easily IDEs, and the web. Few tools are designed with sufficient collaborate, communicate, or be aware of each others activi- support for the social aspects of understanding software such ties to analyse software [19]. Multi-touch user interfaces are as collaboration, communication, and awareness. This re- an interactive technique that allows single or multiple users search aims at supporting co-located collaborative software to collaboratively control graphical displays with more than analysis using software visualization techniques and multi- one finger, mouse pointer, or tangible object on various kinds touch tables. The research will be conducted via qualitative of surfaces and devices. user experiments which will inform the design of collabora- tive software visualization applications and further our un- The goal of this research is to investigate whether multi- derstanding of how software developers work together with touch interaction techniques are more effective for co-located multi-touch user interfaces. collaborative software visualization than existing single user desktop interaction techniques. The research will be con- ACM Classification: H1.2 [User/Machine Systems]: Hu- ducted by user experiments to observe how users interact man Factors; H5.2 [Information interfaces and presentation]: and collaborate with a multi-touch software visualization ap- User Interfaces. -
A Systematic Literature Review of Software Visualization Evaluation T ⁎ L
The Journal of Systems & Software 144 (2018) 165–180 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect The Journal of Systems & Software journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jss A systematic literature review of software visualization evaluation T ⁎ L. Merino ,a, M. Ghafaria, C. Anslowb, O. Nierstrasza a Software Composition Group, University of Bern, Switzerland b School of Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Context:Software visualizations can help developers to analyze multiple aspects of complex software systems, but Software visualisation their effectiveness is often uncertain due to the lack of evaluation guidelines. Evaluation Objective: We identify common problems in the evaluation of software visualizations with the goal of for- Literature review mulating guidelines to improve future evaluations. Method:We review the complete literature body of 387 full papers published in the SOFTVIS/VISSOFT con- ferences, and study 181 of those from which we could extract evaluation strategies, data collection methods, and other aspects of the evaluation. Results:Of the proposed software visualization approaches, 62% lack a strong evaluation. We argue that an effective software visualization should not only boost time and correctness but also recollection, usability, en- gagement, and other emotions. Conclusion:We call on researchers proposing new software visualizations to provide evidence of their effec- tiveness by conducting thorough (i) case studies for approaches that must be studied in situ, and when variables can be controlled, (ii) experiments with randomly selected participants of the target audience and real-world open source software systems to promote reproducibility and replicability. We present guidelines to increase the evidence of the effectiveness of software visualization approaches, thus improving their adoption rate. -
Inviwo — a Visualization System with Usage Abstraction Levels
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS, VOL X, NO. Y, MAY 2019 1 Inviwo — A Visualization System with Usage Abstraction Levels Daniel Jonsson,¨ Peter Steneteg, Erik Sunden,´ Rickard Englund, Sathish Kottravel, Martin Falk, Member, IEEE, Anders Ynnerman, Ingrid Hotz, and Timo Ropinski Member, IEEE, Abstract—The complexity of today’s visualization applications demands specific visualization systems tailored for the development of these applications. Frequently, such systems utilize levels of abstraction to improve the application development process, for instance by providing a data flow network editor. Unfortunately, these abstractions result in several issues, which need to be circumvented through an abstraction-centered system design. Often, a high level of abstraction hides low level details, which makes it difficult to directly access the underlying computing platform, which would be important to achieve an optimal performance. Therefore, we propose a layer structure developed for modern and sustainable visualization systems allowing developers to interact with all contained abstraction levels. We refer to this interaction capabilities as usage abstraction levels, since we target application developers with various levels of experience. We formulate the requirements for such a system, derive the desired architecture, and present how the concepts have been exemplary realized within the Inviwo visualization system. Furthermore, we address several specific challenges that arise during the realization of such a layered architecture, such as communication between different computing platforms, performance centered encapsulation, as well as layer-independent development by supporting cross layer documentation and debugging capabilities. Index Terms—Visualization systems, data visualization, visual analytics, data analysis, computer graphics, image processing. F 1 INTRODUCTION The field of visualization is maturing, and a shift can be employing different layers of abstraction. -
A Process for Digitizing and Simulating Biologically Realistic Oligocellular Networks Demonstrated for the Neuro-Glio-Vascular Ensemble Edited By: Yu-Guo Yu, Jay S
fnins-12-00664 September 27, 2018 Time: 15:25 # 1 METHODS published: 25 September 2018 doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00664 A Process for Digitizing and Simulating Biologically Realistic Oligocellular Networks Demonstrated for the Neuro-Glio-Vascular Ensemble Edited by: Yu-Guo Yu, Jay S. Coggan1 †, Corrado Calì2 †, Daniel Keller1, Marco Agus3,4, Daniya Boges2, Fudan University, China * * Marwan Abdellah1, Kalpana Kare2, Heikki Lehväslaiho2,5, Stefan Eilemann1, Reviewed by: Renaud Blaise Jolivet6,7, Markus Hadwiger3, Henry Markram1, Felix Schürmann1 and Clare Howarth, Pierre J. Magistretti2 University of Sheffield, United Kingdom 1 Blue Brain Project, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland, 2 Biological and Environmental Ying Wu, Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 3 Visual Xi’an Jiaotong University, China Computing Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia, 4 CRS4, Center of Research *Correspondence: and Advanced Studies in Sardinia, Visual Computing, Pula, Italy, 5 CSC – IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland, Jay S. Coggan 6 Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, 7 The European jay.coggan@epfl.ch; Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland [email protected] Corrado Calì [email protected]; One will not understand the brain without an integrated exploration of structure and [email protected] function, these attributes being two sides of the same coin: together they form the †These authors share first authorship currency of biological computation. Accordingly, biologically realistic models require the re-creation of the architecture of the cellular components in which biochemical reactions Specialty section: This article was submitted to are contained. -
Point-Based Computer Graphics
Point-Based Computer Graphics Eurographics 2002 Tutorial T6 Organizers Markus Gross ETH Zürich Hanspeter Pfister MERL, Cambridge Presenters Marc Alexa TU Darmstadt Markus Gross ETH Zürich Mark Pauly ETH Zürich Hanspeter Pfister MERL, Cambridge Marc Stamminger Bauhaus-Universität Weimar Matthias Zwicker ETH Zürich Contents Tutorial Schedule................................................................................................2 Presenters Biographies........................................................................................3 Presenters Contact Information ..........................................................................4 References...........................................................................................................5 Project Pages.......................................................................................................6 Tutorial Schedule 8:30-8:45 Introduction (M. Gross) 8:45-9:45 Point Rendering (M. Zwicker) 9:45-10:00 Acquisition of Point-Sampled Geometry and Appearance I (H. Pfister) 10:00-10:30 Coffee Break 10:30-11:15 Acquisition of Point-Sampled Geometry and Appearance II (H. Pfister) 11:15-12:00 Dynamic Point Sampling (M. Stamminger) 12:00-14:00 Lunch 14:00-15:00 Point-Based Surface Representations (M. Alexa) 15:00-15:30 Spectral Processing of Point-Sampled Geometry (M. Gross) 15:30-16:00 Coffee Break 16:00-16:30 Efficient Simplification of Point-Sampled Geometry (M. Pauly) 16:30-17:15 Pointshop3D: An Interactive System for Point-Based Surface Editing (M. Pauly) 17:15-17:30 Discussion (all) 2 Presenters Biographies Dr. Markus Gross is a professor of computer science and the director of the computer graphics laboratory of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zürich. He received a degree in electrical and computer engineering and a Ph.D. on computer graphics and image analysis, both from the University of Saarbrucken, Germany. From 1990 to 1994 Dr. Gross was with the Computer Graphics Center in Darmstadt, where he established and directed the Visual Computing Group. -
Mike Roberts Curriculum Vitae
Mike Roberts +1 (650) 924–7168 [email protected] mikeroberts3000.github.io Research Using photorealistic synthetic data for computer vision; motion planning, trajectory optimization, Interests and control methods for robotics; reconstructing 3D scenes from images; continuous and discrete optimization; submodular optimization; software tools and algorithms for creativity support Education Stanford University Stanford, California Ph.D. Computer Science 2012–2019 Advisor: Pat Hanrahan Dissertation: Trajectory Optimization Methods for Drone Cameras Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts Visiting Research Fellow Summer 2013 Advisor: Hanspeter Pfister University of Calgary Calgary, Canada M.S. Computer Science 2010 University of Calgary Calgary, Canada B.S. Computer Science 2007 Employment Intel Labs Seattle, Washington Research Scientist 2021– Mentor: Vladlen Koltun Apple Seattle, Washington Research Scientist 2018–2021 Microsoft Research Redmond, Washington Research Intern Summer 2016, 2017 Mentors: Neel Joshi, Sudipta Sinha Skydio Redwood City, California Research Intern Spring 2016 Mentors: Adam Bry, Frank Dellaert Udacity Mountain View, California Course Developer, Introduction to Parallel Computing 2012–2013 Instructors: John Owens, David Luebke Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts Research Fellow 2010–2012 Advisor: Hanspeter Pfister NVIDIA Austin, Texas Developer Tools Programmer Intern Summer 2009 Radical Entertainment Vancouver, Canada Graphics Programmer Intern 2005–2006 Honors And Featured in the Highlights of