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Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Hasse) Vaut (Fairfax Media). Press Rural of copyright is permission with used (d) Image (d). 2004 July from Life Country Queensland of cover - Qld in efforts Fig. 1. atooa axonopodis Classification: Disease disease isgreatest in terms of the resulting loss of market access. to leaf spotting and fruit blemish it causes defoliation, shoot dieback and fruit drop. The economic impact of underconditionsinaddition warm humid when area in Qld. The impact of the disease can be serious especially isof serious quarantine concern to Australia andiscurrently under eradication from the Emerald Citrus canker Citrus lime), native citrus including family. Someof Australia's within the Rutaceae commercial citrusvarieties and other genera Susceptiblehostsincludeall Host Range: under eradication in Qld. Territory have beeneradicated, and it iscurrently detections of citrus canker in the Northern Although not establishedinAustralia, previous virulent strain of the bacterium is found inAsia. of Florida. North Americaincluding The most the Pacific, andSouth and parts CentralAmerica of Centraland Western Africa, parts of throughoutEast,countries Middle some Asia,the South-East Asia.Itis currently recorded to tropical climate and probably in originated Distribution: an oily,water-soaked margin anda halo. yellow crater-like, colouredtan to brown, surrounded by fruit, leaves, twigs. Cankersare raised, usually features Key culture, obligateplant parasite. ecologically coloniesin produces slowgrowing,non-mucoid aerobic, motile byasinglepolar flagellum, The pathogen: ovatifoliolata AUG07 Dr Deborah Hailstones, NSW DPI, ph 61 2 4640 6442; Dr Nerida Donovan NSW DPI 61 24640 6450 61 DPI NSW Donovan Nerida 4640 6442;Dr 2 61 ph DPI, NSW KeyDeborah Hailstones, Contacts: Dr . QDPI&F Further Reading: Compiled By: C. glauca : raised corky lesion on leaf (a) and on fruit (b). Gel showing molecular detection of citrus canker (c). Eradication (c). canker of citrus detection molecular showing Gel (b). and (a) on fruit onleaf lesion corky ; raised (native mockorange) are alsohosts. : Small, roundblister-like cankers: Small, on The pathogen prefers a sub-tropical Gramnegative, rod shaped, (Desertand lime) Citrus Canker : , gamma subdivision;Xanthomodales; Xanthomonadaceae Dr Aaron Maxwell, APPS WA Region Committee, Committee, ph Region APPS 61 WA 8 93341609 Maxwell, Aaron Dr JH Graham, TR Gottwald, J Cubero & DS Achor (2004). (2004). &DSAchor Cubero J Gottwald, TR Graham, JH Citrus australasica pv. Pathogen ofthemonth Pathogen ofthemonth citri (Hasse) Vaut. =; Synonym Murraya (finger control for citruscanker. based bactericides are the most effective chemical biosecurity practices are implemented. Copper- of disease free stock, resistant varietiesandon-farm integrated control measures that rely on the planting Control: declaration oferadication for2009. ofReplanting citrusisanticipated for July2007 and has not detected the pathogen since2005. plants and largeareas of native citrus. Surveillance commercial citrus trees, 4,300 non-commercialhost thehas involved removaland destruction of 500,000 under eradication in the Emerald regionof Qld. This and limitedhost range. Citrus canker is currently and other methods for quick and accurate diagnosis; survive outsideof the host for longperiods; molecular that favour its eradication to include: aninability AustraliaFlorida, andSouth Africa. Characteristics successfully eradicated frompreviously areasof Eradication efforts: than that from issues. yieldandquality impact of restricted market accessismuch greater areas are restricted in market access. The economic fruit are unmarketable and fruit from disease affected and fruitdefoliation, shootdieback drop.Blemished Impact: Premature loss of leavesand fruit, atooa smithii Xanthomonas In regions where citrus canker isendemic, Molecular PlantPathology Molecular Citrus canker has been – – subsp. citri August August 5 ( 1 ) , 1–15. ) 1 ( 2007 2007 Ltd Ltd