Behavioral and Brain Sciences

VOLUME 16 An International Journal of Current Research NUMBER 1 MARCH 1993 and Theory with Open Peer Commentary

Appearing in this issue, with Commentary . . . How we know our minds: The illusion of first-person knowledge Of intentionality Alison Gopnik

The psychology of folk psychology Alvin I. Goldman

A perspective for viewing the history of psychophysics David J. Murray Also, Continuing Commentary on "Sex differences in mathematical reasoning ability in intellectually talented preadolescents: Their nature, effects and possible causes" (Benbow) "Consciousness, explanatory inversion and cognitive science" (Searle) "The neuropsychology of schizophrenia" (Gray et al.)

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Gopnik, A. How we know our minds: The illusion of first-person knowledge of intentionality 1

Goldman, A. I. The psychology of folk psychology 15

Open Peer Commentary Mele, A. Reporting on past psychological states: Armstrong, D. M. Causes are perceived Beliefs, desires and intentions 61 and introspected 29 Moore, C. & Barresi, J. Knowledge of the psychological Baron-Cohen, S. The concept of intentionality: states of self and others is not only theory-laden Invented or innate? 29 but also data-driven 61 Bartsch, K. & Estes, D. Are false beliefs Morris, W. E. & Richardson, R. C. Mismatching representative mental states? 30 categories? 62 Butterworth, G. Towards an ecology of mind 31 Morton, A. Heuristics and counterfactual Campbell, R. L. & Bickhard, M. H. Knowing levels self-knowledge 63 and the child's understanding of mind 33 Nichols, S. Developmental evidence and introspection 64 Cassidy, K. W. There's more to mental states Olson, D. R. & Astington, J. W. The role of concepts than meets the inner "I" 34 in perception and inference 65 Chalmers, D. J. Self-ascription without qualia: Perner, J. A plea for the second functionalist model A case study 35 and the insufficiency of simulation 66 Chandler, M. & Carpendale, J. The naked truth Pietroski, P. M. First-person authority and beliefs about first-person knowledge 36 as representations 67 Chater, N. Categorization, theories and folk Pillow, B. H. Limitations on first-person experience: psychology 37 Implications of the "extent" 69 Czyzewska, M. & Lewicki, P. How directly do we Plaut, D. C. & KarmilofT-Smith, A. Representational know our minds? 37 development and theory-of-mind computations 70 Daniel, S. The anthropology of folk psychology 38 Pratt, I. Matching and mental-state ascription 71 Dittrich, W. H. & Lea, S. E. G. Intentionality, mind Rachlin, H. Theory-theory theory 72 and folk psychology 39 Rakover, S. S. Theories of mind: Some Ericsson, K. A. Recall or regeneration of past mental methodological/conceptual problems, and an states: Toward an account in terms of cognitive alternative approach 73 processes 41 Rev, G. Why presume analyses are on-line? 74 Fetzer, J. H. Goldman has not defeated folk Rips, L. J. Qualities and relations in folk theories functionalism 42 of mind 75 Goldman, A. I. Competing accounts of belief-task Russell, J. On leaving your children wrapped performance 43 in thought 76 Gopnik, A. Theories and qualities 44 Saunders, B. A. C. Disenshrining the Cartesian self 77 Gordon, R. M. Self-ascription of belief and desire 45 Shoemaker, S. Special access lies down Gunderson, K. On behalf of phenomenological parity with theory-theory 78 for the attitudes 4g Siegal, M. Knowing children's minds 79 Gurd, J. M. & Marshall, J. C. Know my own mind? Stanovich, K. E. The developmental history 1 should be so lucky! 47 of an illusion 80 48 Sterelny, K. Categories, categorisation and Harris, P. L. First-person current 49 development: Introspective knowledge is no threat Heil, J. Unraveling introspection to functionalism 81 Hill, C. S. Qualitative characteristics, type materialism 50 Thompson, N. S. Why Alison Gopnik should be and the circularity of analytic functionalism a behaviorist 83 Horgan, T. Analytic functionalism without 51 Tomascllo, M. Where's the person? 84 representational functionalism 52 Velmans, M. Common sense, functional theories Jackson, F. Qualia for prepositional attitudes? 52 and knowledge of the mind 85 Johnson, C. N. Gopnik's invention of intentionality Woodfield, A. Three questions for Goldman 86 Josephson, B. D. "Good developmental sequence' 53 Zaitchik, D. & Samet, J. Intentionality, theoreticity and the paradoxes of children's skills Keysar, B. Common sense and adult theory and innateness 87 of communication 54 Zelazo, P. D. & Frye, D. The psychologist's fallacy Kobes, B. W. Self-attributions help constitute (and the philosopher's omission) 89 mental types 54 Leslie, A. M., German, T. P. & Happe, F. G. Even EDITORIAL COMMENTARY 90 a theory-theory needs information processing: ToMM, an alternative theory-theory of the child's theory of mind 56 Levine, A. & Schwarz, G. Three inferential temptations 57 Authors' Responses Loar, B. Functionalism can explain self-ascription 58 Gopnik, A. Theories and illusions 90 Ludlow, P. & Martin, N. The fallibility of first-person Goldman, A. I. Functionalism, the theory-theory knowledge of intentionality 60 and phenomenology 101

Open Peer Commentary Luce, R. D. Let's not promulgate either Fechner's Anderson, N. H. Nonconscious sensation and inner erroneous algorithm or his unidimensional approach 155 psychophysics 137 Marks, L. E. Quantifying, valuing, choosing 156 Borg, G. A perspective on psychophysics is not Olsson, M., Harder, K. & Baird, J. C. What Ekman derived just from the history of psychophysicists 138 really said 157 Brigner, W. L. The phantom limb extrapolation 139 Petrusic, W. M. Response time based psychophysics: Gigerenzer, G. From metaphysics to psychophysics An added perspective . 158 and statistics 139 Ross, H. E. Unwarranted popularity of a power Gregson, R. A. M. The head and tail function for heaviness estimates 159 of psychophysical algebra 141 Stout, D. A. Bedrock metaphysics, fossil fuel Griisser, O.-J. The discovery of the psychophysical psychophysics 160 power law by Tobias Mayer in 1754 and the Teghtsoonian, R. Sensation strength: Another point psychophysical hyperbolic law by Ewald Hering of view 161 in 1874 142 Treisman, M. Psychophysics and the mind-brain Gundlach, H. Psychophysics, its history and ontology 144 problem 162 Handel, S. Inner psychophysics, neurelectric function van Brakel, J. The analysis of sensations and perceptual theories 145 as the foundation of all sciences 163 Heidelberger, M. Fechner's impact for measurement Wagner, M. On the construction of psychophysical theory 146 reality 164 Hornstein, G. A. The chimera of psychological Weiss, D. J. Looking backward: Progress in outer measurement 148 psychophysics 165 Krueger, L. E. History of psychophysics: Some Whittle, P. A perspective for viewing the present unanswered questions 149 of psychophysics 165 Laming, D. The antecedents of signal detection theory 151 Lebedev, A. N. Derivation of Stevens's exponent from neurophysiological data 152 Link, S. Fechner's theory of mental measurement 153 Author's Response Lockhead, G. R. A parallel view of the history Murray, D. J. The place of psychophysics of psychophysics 154 in the history of sensory science 166

Continuing Commentary On Benbow, C. P. (1988) Sex differences in mathematical reasoning ability in intellectually talented preadolescents: Their nature, effects and possible causes. BBS 11:169-232. 187 Thomas, H. A theory explaining sex differences in high mathematical ability has been around for some time 187

On Searle, J. R. (1990) Consciousness, explanatory inversion and cognitive science. BBS 13:585-642. 189

Goel, V. Comments on the Connection Principle 189 Shanon, B. What next? Ramifications for empirical Julesz, B. Consciousness and focal attention: psychology 197 Answer to John Searle 191 Ludwig, K. A dilemma for Searle's argument for the Connection Principle 194 Author's Response Pfeifer, K. Causal dispositions, aspectual shape Searle, J. R. Consciousness, attention and intentionality 196 and the Connection Principle 198

On Gray, J. A., Feldon, J., Rawlins, J. N. P., Hemsley, D. R. & Smith, A. D. (1991) The neuropsychology of schizophrenia. BBS 14:1-84. 203 Joseph, M. H. The neuropsychology of schizophrenia: direct study of attention in schizophrenia: Alertness Beyond the dopamine hypothesis to behavioural decrement and encoding facilitation 208 function 203 Pickering, A. D. Schizophrenia: In context or in the garbage can? 205 Authors' Response Previc, F. H. A "neuropsychology of schizophrenia" Hemsley, D. R., Rawlins, J. N. P., Feldon, J., Jones, without vision 207 S. H. & Gray, J. A. The neuropsychology Smothergill, D. W. & Kraut, A. G. Toward the more of schizophrenia: Act 3 209