0 4 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , DECEMBE , 19079 R .

III. BOYAMUND'S VALUATION OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES IN THE ARCHDEACONRY OF LOTHIAN (1274-1275) : WITH AN ALPHA- BETICAL LIST OF THE MOIiE DIFFICULT PLACE-NAMES IN THE ACCOUNT E SECONTH R DFO S YEAR (1275-1276) E RIGHTH TY B . REV. JOHN DOWDEN, D.D., LL.D., VICE-PRESIDENT S.A. (SCOT.).

e photographTh s (recently procure e Societth y b f dAntiquarieyo f so Scotland from the Vatican) of the ancient copy of a paper book con- tainin glarga e account parth e paymentf o th t f so s mad o Boyamunt e d certaiy ecclesiastice b th f no f Scotlanso d unde name th re f tith"o eth e e Holth of y Land" (1274-1276) enablo correct s e u prineth tf o t Theiner's Monumenta (pp. 109-116 n severai ) l particulars. They also reveal thae curiouth t se place-nameformth f o s e greas th are tn i , majority of instances, due not to the carelessness of Theiner's reproduc- tion, but almost certainly to the misreadings of the copyist who gave us documene th preserves a t Vaticae th n di n archives.* I. It may first be desirable to notice the errors of Theiner. These may be classed under three heads : (1) errors of omission ; (2) unquestion- able errors due to misreadings ; (3) probable misreadings, by which I mean readings which giv e texteth ,conceivabl y whema t ni e reayb n i d two different ways, in the way which knowledge of Scottish topography renders less likely to be correct. I have noted the following in that part of the document with which I am dealing in this paper, viz. the opening pages, recording the tithe e churcheoth f e Archdeaconrth n si f Lothianyo . d unimportant an e omission w Th fe ) (1 e ) 'proar s(a : ' shoule b d inserted before 'primo anno' in line 12 of Theiner (No. cclxiv.); (J) ' Vicariu e Erteldo d j si Marc. . . . n' shoul e inserteb d d between ''Vicarius de Loghorvert' and 'Vicarius de Graniston.' Uut Theiner * See a paper by the writer in vol. xxxix. of the Proceedings of the Society, pp. 379-386. BOYAMUND'S VALUATION OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES. 41

seems to have noticed the omission, and he inserts ' Vicarius de Erteldon ' in another place, last hut one at the foot of the list. (2) Theiner's own misreadings are more numerous : (a) in the general summation of the tithe of all Scotland as here represented (line 6 of Theiner's print), 'flor.' (florins) shoul e reab d d 'sol.' (shillings); (b) for 'Bolhans' rea d' Bothans' r 'lynlitheufo ) (c ; ' read 'lynlithcu'; (d) fo ' Genilifr ' read ' G-renilif' t error Bu f thio s. s kind occur chiefln i y e seconth d year's accounts. The e dealar ye tth e clos witth f o et a h present paper. e ) thirErrorth (3 f do s clase mucar s h more e frequentw s A . print belo e correcwth t s unnecessari text t i , o enumeratt y e them; but they are easily accounted for by the mistaking of one letter for another which resembled it in script. One or two illustrations may be given. The Mearns (Kincardineshire ' M[er]nis' s a . ).MS appeare th n i s Theiner reads the n as u; and printing the u as v (which, by the way, is too frequent a practice of Theiner) gives us the puzzling word ' Mervis'. ' Smalberme' (Theiner) may more easily be read Smalhame '. ' Fordim (Theiner easils a reay e yb d' Fordun')ma . scribe wroto Th documene ewh eth e Vaticath n i t n made very many errors of this kind, and Theiner, when dealing with the scribe's copy, made a few. Errors of both kinds are indicated in the notes on the name f churchesso . These remarks apply chiefle accountth e o th yt f o s first year. In the second year's accounts the transformations of the place-names are more numerous and more grotesque. e notesth n I ,havI . eII adde n mani d ye sak casesth f com o er - fo , parison otheo tw , r valuation e churche th e Archdeaconrf th o s n i s f yo Lothian valuatioe firse th s i Th t . n recorde registee Priore th th n di f ryo of St Andrews (pp. 28-32 of the Bannatyne Club edition). Its date is unfortunately uncertain. But it is generally admitted to exhibit the Antiqua Taxatio, which mosn i , t cases considerablys wa , belo veruse wth valor, as taken on oath, for Boyamund's tithe. References to this old valuation are cited as from A. 42 PBOCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 9, 1907.

Ther s i preservee d amon e manuscripth g t treasure f Durhao s ma Taxation of ecclesiastical benefices in the south of Scotland for papal tenths (nominally in subsidium Terne Sanctce). Pope Nicholas IV., on 10th Januar secone th n yi d s pontificat yeahi f o r e (i.e. 10th January 1290), issue da bul Kino t l g Edwar f Englando . I d , concedin himo gt , per certi temporis spatium, the Holy Land tenths from ecclesiastical revenue kingdome th n si Englanf so d Scotland dan n Irelan i d d an ,an d Wales. The original bull is in the chapter-house at Westminster, and the text is printed by the Surtees Society in vol. xii. (on the Priory of Goldingliam, pp. cviii-cxvii). The Prior of Coldingham was appointed collecto e Archdeaconrth n i r f Lothianyo e dat f thiTh o e .s valuation ma fixee y b betwees da n 129 1295d 0an abou r o , t twenty years later than Boyamund's valuation. Like Boyamund's valuation, it professes to give the verus valor. I cite it as D. The document before us I cite as B. In the notes, I have attempted, when the valuation of a vicarage is e monasterth givenx fi o r t ,othey o r e holderectorth f r o rectoriaro y l revenues. The study of this document leaves a vivid impression of the extent to which parochial revenues were (even in the 13th century) diverte e suppore monasteriesth e smalth o dt th f o f tl o payment d an , s allowe vicare th r workino dt so g parish clergy. t I wil e observeb l d tha n thii t s list, professedl f churcheo y e th n i s Archdeaconr f Lothiano y e finw ,d occasionally returns from churches d monasteriean se Forthe th nortreturn Th f o h. s from monasteries elsewhere may be for property in the Archdeaconry, but it is not so easy to account for the occasional appearance of parish churches outsid e bound Archdeaconrye eth th f so .

I. Collectio decime terre sancte in archidiaconatu laodonie Episcopatus sancti andree apud Kelconl per magistrum Boyamunduni pro termino nat. domini anno m.cc.lxx. quatuor et beati Johannis baptiste anno m.cc.lxxv. videlice primo pr t o anno solutionis. 1 Kelcou (u, mistake n),r nfo i.e. Kelso. BOYAMUND'S VALUATIO F ECCLESIASTICAO N L BENEFICES3 4 .

Rector Ecclesie d . eMarc ix Tynigha . . . m 2, Rector ecclesie de herihot8 . . . li. sol. viii. den. . solx . Vicariuultr . Marcai . Norberwice sd . . . 4 . Marci . . . Vicariu . Boultone sd 6 . Marcij . . . Vicariu . leswadee sd . 6 Rector ecclesie de Morington 7 . . iiij. Marc. Rector ecclesi. iij. MarcBotlianse . ed . . 8 Vicarius de varia capella9 . . . ij. Marc, et diraid. procurator de Goggei10 . . . i. Marc. Recto . xxxr ecclesi. sol. hilton.e ed . ]l Procurator Eectoris Ecclesiaru e lystomd n . Marcvj . . eviijt fouldeu . . sol. . 12 . ..

2 Tiningham is valued at 40 marks in A., p. 30. 3 Heriet mark0 . 3 A t ha n s i 4 Northberwy valuabla s kwa e benefice, value mark0 e church6 th t t dA.a n s i bu ,, was granted to the convent of Cistercian nuns in that town, and the vicar's income was, it seems, only lllb. 13s. 4d. 5 Bolton parish church belonged to Holyrood ; it is valued at 20 marks in A. ; the vicar's stipenmarks0 1 s dwa . 6 Lasswade was a mensal church of the Bishop of St Andrews. It is valued at 80 mark vicar'e th s; s incom marks0 2 127 n ei s 5.wa 7 Mordington in Berwickshire, valued in the old taxation (A) at 24 marks, is now worth 40 marks. 8 Bothans (now Yester) in Haddingtonshire, valued, at 30 marks in the old taxa- t appeari o s tiond ss certaian ,i here t I n. thae forth tm' Bolhans erron a f s o ri ' scribee Theinerth f o .t no , 9 Varia Capell s Falkirki a e ancienth , t Eaglais breac, ' spotte r o d church.' This Bishoe give s t th Andrew S y wa churcf n b pt o I mark o 0 s . valuet shi A 12 n st i da Holyrood in 1166 (?). The vicar's payment to Boyamund shows his income at 25 I8lb.s i t i . 11sD marksn .i 2d.d an , 10 Gogar was one of the Holyrood churches. It is valued at 12 marks in A. ; and from this account of Boyamund we see that the priest who served it (he is not styled vicar) received 10 marks. In D. the value of the rectory is lOlb. 19s. 9rf. 11 Hilton in Berwickshire, valued in A. at 18 marks, i.e. 12lb. From Boyamund we fin s readit values li valut i t . 20M>da A.Dn eD i n .i . 12s127 d s 15lb..An 5 wa lOrf . 12 Listen, now Kirkliston (in Linlithgowshire), and Foulden (in Berwickshire) were both valuable benefices e formeTh . r appearse th value0 mark7 d t a an ds latter at 24 marks. The Rector's Procurator in the present document paid a tithe of only 66 marks. In D. the value of Listen is 60lb., and the value of Foulden 3HJ id.d an . 44 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 9, 1907.

Eector ecclesie de keldeleth 13 . . . v. Marc. Rector ecclesie de Secton u ij. Marc. . solvj . • viijVicariu. . den Karedyne . sd . . 15 Vicarius de Grenlau16 . . . xx. sol. xvj. den. Vicariu . Marc j STaythanthir e . sd . . . n Ir Vicariu foggoue sd 18 ... sol. . xx . Rector ecclesie de Aldham 19 . . . iiij. sol.

Keldeleth, known als s Killeleita o r KillethCurriho w no n Midlothiani es i , . 13 Chalmers (Caledonia, . 795ii ) consider e namsth meao et Churce e Wateth nth n o hr ofLeith. It was appropriated to the Archdeacon of Lothian. It is valued in A. at 50 e presenmarksth d an t, document give marke 5 tiths th es a smaie paidTh n. sourcArchdeacon'e th f eo s incom s derivewa e d from procurations (i.e. fees pain do occasioe th visitatios hi f no parishesf no smald )an l fees pai t Synodsda . e Thuth n si Durham roll we find " Ecclesia de Keldeleth cum synodis, procurationibus et per- quisitis cxviii.Ib. ix.s. x.d." Seeton. This word was probably written originally Seeton or Setton, and either 14 the second e or the first t misread by the copyist. The confusion of c and t is one of mose th t commo errors f valuatioe no Th . f Setuno n (no marks8 w1 s Seatoni . . A n )i Here it is 20 marks. In D. it is Wlb. It continued to. be a parish church down to 1493, when George, Lord Seaton, had it erected into a collegiate church for a provost, six prebendaries, two singing boys, and a clerk. 15 Karedyn. Carride r Carrin(o n n Linlithgowshirei ) e churcTh .f Caerede ho n was granted to Holy rood in the 12th century by William de Vetereponte. The documenr rectorou n i values ; fine yi mark 5 . w ttith2 da A t dn a sei which gives a s vicar'e th s income onl marksy 5 vicarage Sib.s i Th .D 19s n ei . Wd. 16 Greenlaw, some five miles south-wes f Duno t n Berwickshirei s . Earl Gos- patrick grante churce dth 114n hi Kelsoo 7t . Grenlaw values emarki 5 . 4 A t da n si Fro documenr mou leare tw n tha vicae tth 127n ri 5 received 10Z6. 13s marks.6 id.,1 r o . In D. the vicarage of Grenlawe is valued at 12lb. '2s. 9cl. . 17 Now Nenthorn, north of the Eden water, three or four miles north-west of s valuei t s i saii t SSlb.. a d o e . belond&d.,t bishod D Kelso th 6s an n o I t gp. "pro procurationibus suis" e vicaragth : s valuei e t Wlb.,a d whil . giveB e s only 10 marks. Its being a church of the Bishop may account for its not appearing in A. exchanges wa t I Cranstor dfo 1316n ni churca , h belongin Kelso o notgt e . Se e47 . 18 Fogo, south of the Blackadder, was a church which at this time belonged to Kelso ; and, as we see, it was served by a vicar. D. values the vicarage at only lib. 9s. 10d The valuation of D. is ordinarily higher than that of B. 19 This ancient paris s nowi h , with Tiningham, include e paristh f n Whitedi ho - e coast-linth kir n ko f Haddingtonshireo e . giveA s valu.marks 6 it s s s a a e . D ; 9lb. 4s. 2d. ; while B. gives only 2lb.; but in the second year of Boyamund's collectio tithe nth s e6s.i , givin e incomeg th Sib. s a . There must have been some special reason for the low return made to Boyamumd. BOYAMUND'S VALUATIO F ECCLESIASTICAO N L BENEFICES5 4 .

Hospital Done sd t eoclesise Elloe ed m 2 0. iiij . Marc. Rector ecclesi Conevece ed Mernin hi s 2. 1iiij . libr. Vicaruis sci. Egidij de Edenburgh 22 . dimid. Marc. Rector ecclesi . viij Pentlane ed . sol. . d 2. S . ijVicariu. Marc . Inuerwice .sd . . 2* Rector ecclesiarum de Dunbar et de Pent- land 25 ...... xxij. Marc. Rector ecclesie de Slemauan20 . . iij. sol. viij. den. Vicarius de Bathkit27 xxxij. den.

probabls i t 2I 0 e tha mastee hospitae th tth f o r t Duna lals s oswa recto f Ellomo r . This hospital should be added to the nine hospitals in Berwickshire noticed by Chalmers (Caledonia, ii. 347-349). In A. Ellum is valued at 26 marks; in D. at 19Z*. 13s. id. 21 This church is Coneveth (now Laurencekirk) in the Mearns, and is inserted here for some reason not now apparent. It is valued in A. at 30 marks. 22 The doubtful question as to whether the church of St Giles, Edinburgh, was given, wit lande hth Grange Spitalto f t th sGileso S e f f o th Daviy o eb d o , t n an . d I Abbey of Holm Cultram in Cumberland (see Scotichron., lib. xi. c. 21), cannot be discussed here. It was certainly served by a vicar, who received the sum of 5 marks. n Boyamund'I s second yea e receive h e rvicar' th . dsD incom5lb.n I s Wlb.i e The church of St Giles in A. appears at 26 marks, and in D. at Sib. 13s.

Eector eoclesie de Ratheu28 . . . vj. Marc. Rector . ecclesiiij. Marc Crisfcone . ed . 29 Domirms Eiscopus Sci. Andree 30 . . pro omnibus bonis suis C. libr. xix. libr. xvij. den. . Vicariuj. Marc . leuigestone s.d • 8. 1 Rector ecclesie de lynton 82 . . . viij. libr. Recto r. Marc ecclesiij . . Strabrote viijed . . sol . 33 Rector ecclesie de ISTeuton84 . . . xx. sol. Rector ecclesie de halis35 . . . ij. Marc. Rector ecclesie de Morame 3e . • . ij. Marc. v. sol. iiij. den.

t 5Qlb.a . Wd.. 283s D markRath0 n 7 i t ; a values os0 ; i her. 6 A t ea n di This must I think, a misreadin e b , f Criktogo r Crittoo n n (Creightone th n i ) 29 original A.n I ,. Krektu valuetiths e ni marks0 th 3 s giveei mark3 d t d a s an ,a n s here. In D. we have the church of Crartone (? Cractone), in the Deanery of Haddington, value t Ulb.a d 30 This coursef o , , represents onl Bishoe tithe th t yth Andrews S f e o f po ' goodn i s Archdeaconre th Lothianf yo . 31 Livingstoe Linlithgowshireth n n(i f o e on s marks5 wa 2 t t I a values )i . . A n di Holyrood churches, and the vicar received, according to the document before us, only 10 marks. In D. the vicarage is worth 12ZJ. 32 Linton, the old name of the parish, which in a general way corresponds to the paris Prestonkirf ho n Haddingtonshireki . mark 0 s valuei Linto10 . A t s; a d n i n e mosth f t 93W>o a . valuabl 8d.. e 6s D . on ; n s i here wa t 80K>ea benefice t I . n i s soute th Scotlandf ho Eare Dunbaf patrone Th o l th . s rwa . namparise d knowfinath e ol w misreadinf a e 3 o Th h3t lno Uphall s Th na . c f g.o Its value in A. is 40 marks ; in D., 36lb. 16s. Id. value marks5 1 e 3valu Th Neuton4 f s eo i Th Boyamund'. n e.i A n ei s accouns i t also 15 marks, or 10Z6. In D. it is 16lb. 5s. lOd. The present parish of Newton, wester e ok beloth n Es we n th sidDalkeith f o e , embrace parisd ol f Newtoe ho sth n parise th d Wymethf ho an . The modern name of the parish of Halis is Colinton, south-west of Edin- burg35 h ; but the manor-house of Hales still testifies to the old name. Halis is valued at 60 marks in A. In D. it appears only as a vicarage valued at 1616. We are tol n Scotichronicondi (viii tha) 62 t. William Malvoisin, Bisho t AndrewS f po s (1202-1238), withdrew from the monks of Dunfermlin the presentation to the vicarage of Halez. Morham is a small parish adjoining the parish of Haddington on the south- 36 east. Morha e s 0 churcmi valuemarkth 2 f t d Moran o i a A.hdsan t , a n 1116. 12s.. D lOd. n i BOYAMUND'S VALUATION OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES. 47

procurator Monasteri Cambuzkynele d i 3 . 7vij . . libsol xv . .den v . . ob. Vicarius de hadington 88 ... xx. sol. Vicariu lynlithce sd u 39 .... xxi. sol. iiij. den. . iiij. Marc . Vicariu, . Karalee sd . 40 procurator Monasteri driburge d i. xl. Marc 4. 1 . Vicariu . Marcij dimidt . Childenthire e , sd . . c 42 Procurator Monasterii sci . lib Andrexx . xviij. e. 4 8sol den. .ix . Dominus Abba e Passelad s o ecclesiiypr s de lyghardeswod et Inuerwic4* . . v. Marc.

name fore th earl n f i emTh o y document se terminatiogiveth s u s ' kyneln r o ' 37 ' kenel.' rectoriaThe l rightchurcthe sof Haddingto hof u handwerPriorthe the ein s of y 38 of St Andrews. The church is valued in A. at 120 marks. In D. the vicarage is llfl>. 13s. 6d. 39 Linlithgo appropriatn a s wwa e churc s Priori e t Andrewst th S i f . hf o y o A n I . valued, wit s chapehit e vica marksf 0 Benynth o l 12 d r t receivean a ,, marks0 2 d . In D. the vicarage is 18Z6. 11s. 2d. Karale, presumably Grail in Fife. We have already seen Laurencekirk (Conevech) 40 appearing amon e churche th ge Archdeaconr th f o s f Lothiano y . Possibly some accidental circumstanc d brougheha e vica th tf Crai o r o Kelsot l , where Boyamund was making his collection, and that payment was made there ; or the nuns of Haddington (to whom the church of Crail was appropriate) may have arranged for the payment of the vicar's tithe. finde belonginw s a . , D monastere n 4I 1th o gt Drf yo y burgh churchee th , Mertonf so , with its vicarage, Childenechirche, Golyn with its vicarage, and Salton with its vicarage. t certaibu l al n s i tha t have 4I 2 w t e her misreadina e n i t copyisr e th fo c y gf b o t the concluding part of the word Childenchirc. The modern name of the parish, Channelkirk in Berwickshire, south-east of Soutra hill, is obviously a corruption of the old name. The church had been granted by Hugh de Morville to Dryburgh. Childenchurc . valuemarks0 A 4 e vicarn i t a Th ds hi . , froe recormth d befor, us e had marc 25 onl D. s y : in Wlb. e tith4Th 3 e recorde , presumablyis d e ,revenue th onle Prior t f th S o y f f yo o s Andrews which were derived from property south of the Forth. Legerdswode (now Legerwood) had been granted by Walter Fitz-Alan to Paisley. It 44is valued in A. at 40 marcs. It is situated on the east of the Leader Water. Inverwi s als a wa ogranc f Walteo t r Fitz-Alan's . e not D 4 aboveSe 2 en I . . " Inrewyke cum Lejardwode value"s i d 8 4 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , DECEMBE , 19079 R .

Vicarius de loghorvert45- ... xx. sol. Vicarius de'Erteldon 46 .... ij. Marc. . Marcj . Vicariu. . Graiiistoe sd . n 4. " Executor Eectoris de Aldhamstok 48 . . x. Marc. iiij. sol. iiij. den. ob. qu. . Marcj . . . Vicariu . Stichile sd . 49 Vicarius de Edenham 50 . . . . j. Marc.

45 Locherworth icommosa n namecallee w e parisforth no Th f dmo s . h i Borth - grantes Abbee wa wickth t f Scono I t dyo .n A. y DaviI b e, . LouchworuiI d s i r value mark0 4 t da s D. n i ; , Louhoue froe e values se ri m th e w t d40Zfta s . 8d.A 6s . present document, the vicar received IQlb. 4 6e moderThith s i s n Earlsto n Berwickshirei n d for ol s commonlmi e Th . y presene th Ersildun i t d copcannoe an ny; t on suspec bu t t thascribe th t e mistooa k n appropriata s wa t I e . t churc a r f Coldinghanifo ho c . Hersildu s valueni t a d 60 marks in A. In D. it does not appear among the Coldinghani churches, but it seems to have continued to belong to Coldingham till the Reformation. The vicarage values i . D t 13lb. da n . 8d.i 6s 47 This word Graniston is either phonetic spelling, or C was mistaken for G. The church is, doubtless, Craniston (Cranston), on the eastern border of Midlothian. The churc grantes e Monasterhwa th o dt f Eelsyo Hugy ob h t Ridelremainei d an , d with Kelso till 1316 ,s excambe whee wa Bisho th t t Andrewsi n S r f fo pdo ' churcf o h Nenthorn not e . CranistuSe e17 . t onla . yvalueD s ni mark 0 n 6 i t t A.dn a i s bu , 9lb. 6s. 8d. For the purpose of comparison we should probably have to add to the latter the value of the vicarage, viz. 6lb. Still the discrepancy is very great. 48 Aldhamstok, e valueeas coase markf Haddingth 0 th o 6 t n i n t t d o a A.n si s i , - tonshire. The executor paid, presumably because the annul or income of the parish fo yeaa r r after deat s credite e deceasedwa hth o e valut d Th f Aldharastoko e. n i e s ?/3lb.i . 8d.. D 6s 4t Stichile neighbourhooth e Coldinghan i th , f o e f Kelsoon o dm s churcheswa , , and appear s sucha s , value t 26!b.a d s valuei 5 mark 3 t I t a d13s s . D . 4(in i . vicarage Th f . Stichio eA n i s valuei l t n BoyamunWlb.a di t n D.i bu , d onlt ya 10 marks. 50 Edenham (now Ednam) a coupl, f mileo e s eas f Kelso t n Roxburghshirei o . The Eden Water runs through the parish. The charter by which Thor longus granted (c. 1105), in the reign of Edgar, the church which he had built at JMnaham to the monks of St Cuthbert, that is of Durham, is in the treasury at Durham, and is one of our earliest Scottish charters s beeha nt I printe. Anderson'n di s Diplomata,n i d an Raine's North Durham, recentld an n Lawrie'yi s Early Scottish Charters.e th t A dat Boyamuiid'f eo s valuatio e churcnth f Edenhaho m appear o havt s e belongeo dt Durham, and is valued, as one of the churches of the Priory of Durham, at SSlb. in D. It is valued at 55 marks in A. BOYAMUND'S VALUATION OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES. 49

doddingeston61 . . . . . j. Marc. Eector ecclesie de smalhame62 . . . iiij. Marc. Bector eccleeiarum de Chirnisscde et de Wichosem63 ..... xij. Marc. Rector ecclesi Kynspinedie ed . iiij. Marc . 54. Vicarius de Swynton55 . . . . j. Marc. Vicariu Ederhame sd 66 .... iij. Marc. Itecono mpr - tumacia j. Marc. Eector ecclesi . sol Aldtambue .xx ed . . s 67 Vicariu Berwne sd c 58 .... iiij. Marc. churce 8Th 1 f Duddingstoo h n belonge s plaii t i o nKelsodt (thougd an , t hno stated) that it is the vicar's income that is here tithed at 1 mark. The church is valuevicarag e mark5 th 2 t d A.a n s i t 10ftan e,a . 13s. . D id. n i 52 Smalham in Roxburghshire (now Smallholm) is valued in A. at 45 marks ; in D. t 26K>a . 13s. U. 63 OhirnsidD.n i mark0 ,5 d Skyrnessedt an a s; s value. i e A n i d e (sic) t iOlb.a Is. 2d. Wichosem is a puzzling word ; the t was misread as c, and perhaps the I taken for a long s. The modern form of the name is Whitsome, or Whitsun. It ' Wytholm e is takI th , , eit e' o f A. ' Whyteshosme ,e valuemarksth 5 4 d t da an , f o ' D., valued at 33lb. Is 2d. Both parishes are in Berwickshire, and situated near one another. 54 Kynspinedi. This must be what is now Kilspindie in the Carse of Gowrie, and appearancits ereadil hernot is e y explicable. Kynspined valueis 30 A. dat yin marks ,marks 0 her4 t ea . 58 Swinton in Berwickshire was one of the churches appropriated to Coldingham. t seee 2'2lbs.e vicara w . , Th s D receivea , marks5 n i 3 t d a dvalues . i an , t A I n di only 10 marks. 56 Ederham, now Edrom, was granted to St Cuthbert's monks by Gospatrick, Earl of I)unbar, and confirmed by David I. Perhaps the Priory of Durham shared the benefice with its cell of Coldingham, for in D. we find as a possession of Coldingham churc"e halth f Ederham,f o fho " value vica e t Wlb.d a s betteTh i r r paid than ni many other places. pro contwmacia. As is well known, Boyamund's valuation of the verms valor was extremely disliked, and we have several instances of fines for contumacy. 67 Aldtambus. The c was misread t. Aldcambus or Aldcamus is now included in parise th Cockburnspathf ho . Aldkambu t onla mark values 5 . si y1 A n si d (Wlb.), monastery a paris an s poo o herd r e e to wa samehvalus fo b an r eth it t I o ys t i e . very appropriations eageit r s valufo rit . s Wlb.ei D n I .13s . 4rf.—one mark better. vicaragee th r note Fo . se , e67 58 It may be supposed that the word was written 'Berwuc,' and u misread for n. The church of Berwyk is valued in A. at 110 marks. It was an appropriate church VOL. XLII. 4 50 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , DECEMBE , 19079 R .

Rector ecclesi hupsetlingtone ed . xxx. . sol59 . . Marcij . ' t dimide , . . Vicariu . Golye sd . u 60 Idem Vicarius pro contumacia soluit sub- sidio terre sancte . . . . v. sol. Rector ecclesi Kete ed h marescall . Marcij . . 61 : Vicariu . Marcj Ket. e sd ,h vndeby. . 62 prior de Insula de levin 63 . . . iij. Marc, et dimid} Rector ecclesi. iij. lastalrice Marc. ed . . 64 Ide ecclesio mpr Cokepee ad . n 65. riij. Marc.'et dimid.'xxxij. den. Idem pro vicaria de langton 66 . . . ij. Marc.

of the Priory of Coldingham, and under Coldingham it is valued atSSlb., 10s. Set The vica f thio r s important church is better paid than many others. Froe mon document it appears that he had 40 marks, and some twenty years later, as we learn from D., 2Mb. Bs.&d. "- 59 Upsetliugto includew Berwickshire no th s ni n d i e paris Ladykirkf ho s valuIt . e s onli . marks0 yA 2 n i . Fro r documenmou fine e verustw th d valor o bt e 15lb. ; constructes time wa . th risean d eD y dha b 21Z6o n t f . 2d. di 8s . 60 Golyn, now Gullane, in modern times included in the parish of Dirleton. It was granted reige th Williaf no n i , Lione mth Dryburgho t , Williay b , Vallibue md s (Vaux). '• The-value of the church in A. is 80 marks'. In D. the church and vicarage, together with the lands, are valued at 48lb. 61 Theiner's readin ' Keth g' Retr verset fo hs excusabl' i no ' e Scottisn di on r fo eh records. The present parish of Humble in the south-west of Haddingtonshire includes both Keith Mareshal and Keith Undeby. The former is valued at 12 marks, the latter at 30 marks, in A. The former poor parish remained a rectory, the latter was appropriat Kelsoo et . . 61 e 6Se 2 The smallness of the tithe perhaps points to this being only a tithe of some 63 property presumabl e Archdeaconrth n yi e Priorf Lothiano yth t f Austio y Bu . n Canons t SerfS t a ,s inch, Loehlevin valu e alwaylands s it th . f ,wa e o A s sn i poor d an , is only 20lb. 64 Lastalric Restalriw no ,a late t g(a r period formed int oa collegiat e churcf o h royal foundation), is valued in A. at 25 marks, and in D. at 19M>. 4s. 2d.—little less than the 30 marks (20Z6.) of our valuation. 65 Cockpen, sout Dalkeithf ho s t t i 22lb.'20a a s value i t ,. I . markA D n di n i s; Deanere th n i Lothiaf yo n or Haddington. 66 Langton in Berwickshire was at an early date granted to Kelso. It is valued n D.mark0 i 3 "d (apparentlt a an s . A n i y excludin e vicarageth g t ISlb. a ). 8d. 6s The vicaragvalues i . D t 18lb., da n ei and-i documenr nou marks0 2 t a t . BOYAMUND'S VALUATIO F ECCLESIASTICAO N L BENEFICES1 5 .

Marc. j Ide . m. pr. o contumaci . . a Vicarius de Aldcambus6T . . . xvj. sol. iiij. den. Eector ecclesi flise ed c 68 .. . Marcij . t dimide , . Eecto . xijr. ecclesi Marc. Erolee .e d . viij6.9 sol. iiij. den. . Marcij . t dimide , Vicariu . . ligharwe s d . d. 70 procurator Monastery sancte Crucis . Ixij. libr. v. sol. ix. den. Abbas de Kelcon . . . . . c. Marc. j. Marc, et xvj. den. prior de Cqldingbam .... Ixxiiij. Marc. ix. den. omnibuo pr . ob s bonis suis. pro priore dunelmen .... xij. Marc . solx . . viij. den. Abba Abbrote sd h ..... Ixx. Marc. Abbas de droburg . . . . . x. Marc. Magister Ada Malcarnistoe md omnio pr r - bus ecclesiis suis n xxvij. Marc.

67 It is not easy to understand why we should find both the rector and vicar of a parish church appearin thin gi s note . listPerhapSe 57 e . e paris th shels t hdwa a the time by some one not in Holy Orders, or by some dignitary who was allowed non-residence. Chalmers (Caledonia, ii. 393) says Aldcambus was a church of Coldingham; but though unquestionably much of the land of the parish of Aldcambus was in the possession of Coldingham, I have not come across evidence to show tha churche th t belonge thao dt t monaster date Boyamund'th f e o t ya s Taxalio. For the position of the parish as regards Coldingham and Durham in the middle of the 15th century, see Chalmers (I.e.), 68 Flis n Fife—anothei k e Archdeaconr e th churche th n i f o rt no s f Lothiano y , which have someho t insertewgo thi n d. "i capellA sFlis m listn I cu k. a value"s i d at 26 marks ; here at 25 marks. 69 Erole (another churc t belonginno h o Lothian)gt e Deanerth n i ,f Gowrie o y , mark0 9 t mark6 a value; s her. 12 . 4rfA t esa 3s n . di 70 Legerwood in Berwickshire, see No. 44. Here the vicarage is dealt with. In e vicaragDth . 16lb.s marks)4 ewa (2 ; her marks5 e2 . fore thif 7mTh 1o s name varies muc n Scottisi h h records,—Malcarviston, Malcar- ston, Malkarstoun, Malcarreston. In the present case perhaps the first n is an error muse H reas t e fina. havdr wa foth rn l dayd e u, beeth an f so elderln n i n a n yma 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 9, 1907.

Kector ecclesie de fordun 72 xj. Marc. Rector ecclesie de Keth Marescal nomine pene ...... j. Marc. Vicarius de Kethvndeby nomine pene . dimid. Marc. Abba passelae sd y ..... iij. Marc. viij. sol. iiij. den. Vicarius de Grenilif in Episcopatu Breky- nensi dimid. Marc contumacio pr , a. rs Summa totalis ..... V.C. lib. iiijxx. lib lib. x . . iij. sol. iij. den. ob. qu. Item de Collecta Magistri Johannis de Muskelburg ..... xliij. lib. vij. sol. iiij. den.

II. The more puzzling Place-names in the second year's Accounts of Boyamund's Gottection of Tithe, so far as relates to the Arch- deaconry Lothian.of

In the second year's accounts there is a very large increase of grotesque impossibld an e form f place-nameso s . Eithe e originath r l scribe wrota e very indistinc t e copyishandth s muc r o wa ,t h more carelesss i t I . proposed onl o deat y l wit e nameth h s likel o present y t difficultn i y

Boyamund fine w d r thafo , t Master Ada Malcarvistoe md d witnesseha n d charterf so David de Bernham in 1241 and 12-46, and had been official of Gamelin, Bishop of St Andrews, in 1259. He was at one time rector of Collessie, while he was provost of St Mary's in the city of St Andrews. In 1263 he was rector of Ceres, and was appointed a papal chaplain by Pope Urban IV. He was, doubtless, a pluralist on a considerable scale. See Charttilary e Abbeyth f f Lindoreso o (Scottish History Society) . 277p , . 72 Fordun in the Mearns, another irregular insertion. It is valued at 60 marks in A., here at 110 marks. 73 This, I suppose, must be Glenilif (Glenisla) in the west of Forfarshire. One cannot conjectur t appeari y ewh s here I hav. e see t assertei n d that Glenilia s wa f mensal church of the Bishop of Brechin, which would account for the appearance of a I hav t investigatevicart no eBu . d thi se firs th pointt n year'I . s tithe paio t d Boyamund from the Diocese of Brechin, Glenilif is valued at 6lb. 7s. \0d. BOYAMUND'S VALUATION OF ECCLESIASTICAL BENEFICES. 53

identification, and for the convenience of students examining Theiner (Monumenta, p. 113) I have arranged the words alphabetically. In many cases the word which I think was written in the original bears a very remote resemblance, or no resemblance at all, to what Theiner has printed (the error sometimee sar s his)whao t r ,o t appearphotoe th n i -s mostn i t Ye Vaticagrape case hopes i th . f t si ho dnMS that conviction will be carried as to the identification. e firsth t e n namecolumI th e s printesa ar n y Theinerb de th n i ; second ,readine whae Vaticath th e e I f tb tak g o th o n et n i MS. d an ; third, what I believe was the word as written in the original, from which the Vatican MS. was copied. I have occasionally added in italics the modern name.

Aldecamburg Same Aldecambz Backer Baokec Batket, Bathgate, Bechimdeby Beohundeby Keth Dndeby. Bochans Same Bothans. Bostim Boltun Boltun. Cimbar Cunbar Dunbar. Clistmathyn Elistmathyn Egliscmaehyn, Eglismanin. Coingeston Same (See this word discussed at the conclusio thif no s paper.) Conveth Conueth Conueth, Laurencekirk. Cotpen Same Cocpen. Creccon Ore toon Cretton, Gnighton. Crenlan Same Grenlau, Greenlaw. Egistmawyn » Egliscraannyn. Erclydon Erclysdon ? Ersildon, Earlston. Essum Ellum Ellum. Fasselay Passelay Passelay, Paisley. Fensdeim ffenldenn Feuldenn, Foulden. Fiswent fiswent Fisweuc, FisJiwic. Fiswit fiswit Fiswic, Fishwic. Fongu ffongu Fougu, Fogo. Forberwic Norberwic Norberwic. Gimbar Dunbar Dunbar. Goly Golyn Golyn, Gullane. Gravevnenthe G[?T]rauernenthe Trauernenthe, Tranent. Gumanyn Dumanyn ?—Dalmenie. Halaham Same Haldham, Aldham. Hereyec Hereyet, Heriot. 54 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , DECEMBE , 19079 R .

Hereyeth Same Hereyeth, Serial. Hert Hert, Airth, Hinston ? Huiston ? Huiston, Hotiston. [The/rate presumabl Trinitf yo y Hospita plactithee e n i th Th s ei y . lpa Renfrewshire. ] Lastalrus Lastalr [with mark of Lastalric. contraction] Leningeston Same Leuingeston, Livingstone. Lecha Wene rd d ? Lechardeweud. Logardewd Legerwood, the same place as last. Lincon Linton. Lynsithyn Lynlithqn Lynlithqu. Malenil Same Maleuil, Melville. Morbam Morham. Mulkiburg ?—Musselburgh. Noycherchin ? Noythenthirn, Naythansthirn, Nenthorn. Oaohen * Same ? Ratheu, Ratho. Ommianyn Dunmanyn Dunmanyn, Dalmenie. Opsechinton Same Opsetlinton Upsetlington. Osum 1 Olum 1 Elum. Poulewrnd Poulewrd Same, Polworth. Rech Margcal Same Keth Marycal. Rechundilby Kethundibby. Rfencont Nencon Neuton. Seocon Same Setton, Seaton. Sfongu ffongu ffougu, Fogo. Sfuesdon ffueldon ? Foulden. Solcre Same Soltre; Soutra. Streniclyn Strinclyn Striuelyn, Stirling. Strinlum Strinlin Striulin, Stirling. Wdetamb Wildetamb[us] ? The place is Aldcambus. Withofine Same ? Witholme, now WTiitsome. conclusionn I , something shoul e particularl th e sai b df o d y puzzling nam ' Coingeston.e perplexity m n I . J Maitlan' I yresorte r D o t d

* The initial letter makes the puzzle. I believe it was R. The valuation [of Ratheu e marks6 firs,th t e samn yeari th , s ei , (4K>. s thaa )f Oache e o t th n i n second. initiae Th lt lette widespreaa s i r dTheines a mediseva f R t r readno l d t Ni san , here t I appear. se worth agai dn i n Norberwic, which Theiner represents a s Forberwic ; and again in the name of a place in the Archdeaconry of St Andrews, which Theiner prints Fenti . 114) t (p lwhic bu , realls hi y Neutil (Newtile). BOYAMUND'S VALUATIO F ECCLESIASTICAO N L BENEFICES5 5 .

Thomson ; and the conclusion arrived at by that eminent authority is tha ' Duddingstont churce th s i ' h intended thid s An vie. alsws i o taken by Eev. John Anderson, Curator of the Historical Department of H.M. General Register House, Edinburghw makn ho ca gueso o t n eI s .a s the first part of the word came-to be transformed. But other considera- tions must be taken into account. It is the vicar of Coingeston who pays as his tithe one mark. Now Duddingston was an appropriate e firschurcth t n f i year!Kelsoo h d san , accoun e vica' Dod th f t o r- dingeston' pays alse markon o . This f course o f ,valu o s i e, onls a y showing that there is no objection to Dr Thomson's conjecture on the scora differenc f o e e maif titheth o e d n an weigh; e f reasoo th t r fo n conjecture is found by a method of exclusion. No other of the Lothian churches, not otherwise accounted for, would give us the concluding eight lettere wordth f so . elemenn A ; f doubto t , however e introduceb o t e , th e seem y m b d o t s fact that we find instances of churches outside the Archdeaconry of Lothian introduced into the list of Lothian churches—for example, Grail, Conevetd an h (Laurencekirk) • therefore, conceivably finy ' dCbinma e w ,- geston' outsid bounde eth f Lothianso . Till some more probable sugges- tio offereds ni r MaitlanD , d Thomson's solution hold fielde sth .