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Yoruba Art & Culture
Yoruba Art & Culture Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology University of California, Berkeley Yoruba Art and Culture PHOEBE A. HEARST MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY Written and Designed by Nicole Mullen Editors Liberty Marie Winn Ira Jacknis Special thanks to Tokunbo Adeniji Aare, Oduduwa Heritage Organization. COPYRIGHT © 2004 PHOEBE A. HEARST MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PHOEBE A. HEARST MUSEUM OF ANTHROPOLOGY ◆ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY BERKELEY, CA 94720-3712 ◆ 510-642-3682 ◆ HTTP://HEARSTMUSEUM.BERKELEY.EDU Table of Contents Vocabulary....................4 Western Spellings and Pronunciation of Yoruba Words....................5 Africa....................6 Nigeria....................7 Political Structure and Economy....................8 The Yoruba....................9, 10 Yoruba Kingdoms....................11 The Story of How the Yoruba Kingdoms Were Created....................12 The Colonization and Independence of Nigeria....................13 Food, Agriculture and Trade....................14 Sculpture....................15 Pottery....................16 Leather and Beadwork....................17 Blacksmiths and Calabash Carvers....................18 Woodcarving....................19 Textiles....................20 Religious Beliefs....................21, 23 Creation Myth....................22 Ifa Divination....................24, 25 Music and Dance....................26 Gelede Festivals and Egugun Ceremonies....................27 Yoruba Diaspora....................28 -
Sculptors' Jewellery Offers an Experience of Sculpture at Quite the Opposite End of the Scale
SCULPTORS’ JEWELLERY PANGOLIN LONDON FOREWORD The gift of a piece of jewellery seems to have taken a special role in human ritual since Man’s earliest existence. In the most ancient of tombs, archaeologists invariably excavate metal or stone objects which seem to have been designed to be worn on the body. Despite the tiny scale of these precious objects, their ubiquity in all cultures would indicate that jewellery has always held great significance.Gold, silver, bronze, precious stone, ceramic and natural objects have been fashioned for millennia to decorate, embellish and adorn the human body. Jewellery has been worn as a signifier of prowess, status and wealth as well as a symbol of belonging or allegiance. Perhaps its most enduring function is as a token of love and it is mostly in this vein that a sculptor’s jewellery is made: a symbol of affection for a spouse, loved one or close friend. Over a period of several years, through trying my own hand at making rings, I have become aware of and fascinated by the jewellery of sculptors. This in turn has opened my eyes to the huge diversity of what are in effect, wearable, miniature sculptures. The materials used are generally precious in nature and the intimacy of being worn on the body marries well with the miniaturisation of form. For this exhibition Pangolin London has been fortunate in being able to collate a very special selection of works, ranging from the historical to the contemporary. To complement this, we have also actively commissioned a series of exciting new pieces from a broad spectrum of artists working today. -
Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements Art
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements Art 7-1-2000 Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements [full text, not including figures] J.L. Benson University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/art_jbgs Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Benson, J.L., "Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements [full text, not including figures]" (2000). Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements. 1. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/art_jbgs/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Art at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Greek Sculpture and the Four Elements by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cover design by Jeff Belizaire About this book This is one part of the first comprehensive study of the development of Greek sculpture and painting with the aim of enriching the usual stylistic-sociological approaches through a serious, disciplined consideration of the basic Greek scientific orientation to the world. This world view, known as the Four Elements Theory, came to specific formulation at the same time as the perfected contrapposto of Polykleitos and a concern with the four root colors in painting (Polygnotos). All these factors are found to be intimately intertwined, for, at this stage of human culture, the spheres of science and art were not so drastically differentiated as in our era. The world of the four elements involved the concepts of polarity and complementarism at every level. -
Outdoor Pottery Sculpture in Ife Art School
E-ISSN 2281-4612 Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol 4 No 3 ISSN 2281-3993 MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy November 2015 Outdoor Pottery Sculpture in Ife Art School Moses Akintunde Akintonde1 Toyin Emmanuel Akinde2 Segun Oladapo Abiodun3 Michael Adeyinka Okunade4 1,2,3 Department of Fine and Applied Arts, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria 4Department of Fine Arts, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria; [email protected] [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Doi:10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n3p219 Abstract The rich public outdoor sculpture practice of the Southwest of Nigeria still lacks scientific and empirical experimentation of non- conventional material for the production of outdoor sculpture, particularly pottery images. Although scholarship on public outdoor sculpture in the Southwest of Nigeria is becoming steady in growth, yet a reconnaissance study of the pottery sculpture in art practice and historical perspective has not been made. A study of this type of art, erected in the garden of Ife art school is exigent and paramount now that many of the works are not being maintained. The study underscores the inherent values in the genre of the art; and examined pottery sculpture types, its uses in public sphere and its development in morphology, iconic thematic and stylistic expressions. The study observed that outdoor pottery sculptures are impressive, apparent in sculpture multiplicity of type and dynamics; it is rare in occurrence in Southwestern Nigeria. Keywords: Ife Art School; outdoor sculpture, pottery sculpture; handbuilt pottery; Yoruba pottery. 1. Introduction The praxes of outdoor sculpture in Nigeria, beginning from the first quarter of twentieth century presented different latitudes. -
Examination of the Architecture Interactions and Visual
Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Science Fen Bilimleri Dergisi (CFD), Cilt:36, No: 3 Ozel Sayı (2015) Science Journal (CSJ), Vol. 36, No: 3 Special Issue (2015) ISSN: 1300-1949 ISSN: 1300-1949 Examination of the architecture interactions and visual arts (painting and sculpture) and their role in the persistence architecture (Case Study: City Theatre and the Museum of Contemporary Art) Mitra ESMAILZADEH1,*, Mahdis BASIRI2 1 MA in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, UAE 2 MA in Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Professor in Islamic Azad University, Roodehen Branch Received: 01.02.2015; Accepted: 06.06.2015 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract. Sustainability in architecture includes very extensive and different aspects. Environmental sustainability, the use of natural energies, etc., are factors that have been extensively studied, but what is less studied, is the effects of durability of a work in architecture. Architecture durability means building construction that one of the aesthetic aspects is durable building. Therefore, architecture interactions with painting and sculpture arts and how it will lead to the architecture durability, is examined. Revitalize architecture relationships with other Visual arts can explain the elements, which by benefiting from them we can obtain a model to achieve lasting and sustainable cities and communities. In this article, two lasting works on Iranian architecture, the City Theatre and the Museum of Contemporary Art, have been studied. Method used in this study is an analytical-descriptive method, which its data is collected by using the library method, citing references and documents in books, articles and related sites. Finally, to facilitate the use of research results, tables based on paper's aims (an aesthetic component and an environmental component) have been set. -
Prehistoric Art
PREHISTORIC ART THE BEGINNING Not until 25,000 years ago did out forebears invent art • The first art objects were created not to adorn the body or decorate the cavern--- But attempt to control or appease natural forces CAVE PAINTING • FIRST PAINTINGS WERE MADE ABOUT 15,000 YEARS • BEFORE THE DISCOVERY IN 1996 THE IMAGES AT LASCAUX, FRANCE WERE THE OLDEST KNOWN PAINTINGS IN EUROPE • PAINTINGS MOST REMOTE RECESSES OF THE CAVE—WHERE THERE WAS NO SUNLIGHT WHY DID THEY PAINT THESE IMAGES? • Maybe : • certain animals are symbolic • others represent mythical spirits • to contact spirits in another world • to track migration patterns • related to ritual occasions HORSE CAVE PAINTING 13,000 B.C. SCULPTURE OLDEST SURVIVING ART OBJECTS ARE SCULPTURES VENUS OF WILLENDORF • 25,000- 20,000 BC • ONE OT THE EARLIEST KNOWN HUMAN FIGURES • VENUS GODDNESS OF LOVE • FERTILITY IMAGE • CARRIED AROUND AS AN AMULET—GOOD LUCK CHARM • ONLY FEATURES SHOWING BELLY, BREASTS AND PUBIC AREA • ONLY 5 INCHES TALL • Paleolithic Period:::OLD STONE AGE • After 4000 years gave way to: • NEOLITHIC OR NEW STONE AGE • New stone tools---learned to farm—domesticate animals (cattle—goats –etc.)help with labor, food, milk and leather • Technology of pottery • Settled communities ---architecture of stone and wood were starting to be built ARCHITECTURE STONE HENGE 2,000 B.C. Certain conditions foster preservation of Art • Durable materials ( stone-metal-fired clay) • Local of environment not destructive to artworks • Stable population- • Putting artworks in places of limited or no -
Heaven and Hell.Pmd
50 Copyright © 2002 The Center for Christian Ethics at Baylor University This photo is available in the print version of Heaven and Hell. Though Auguste Rodin struggled over twenty years to express through sculpture the desperation of souls that are falling from Grace, he never finished his magnificent obsession. Auguste Rodin (1840-1917), THE GATES OF HELL, 1880-1900, Bronze, 250-3/4 x 158 x 33-3/8 in. Posthumous cast authorized by Musée Rodin, 1981. Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts at Stanford University; gift of the B. Gerald Cantor Collection. Photograph by Frank Wing. The Final Judgment in Christian Art 51 Falling BY HEIDI J. HORNIK uguste Rodin accepted his first major commission, The Gates of Hell, when he was forty years old. This sculpture was to be the door- Away for the École des Arts Dècoratifs in Paris. Though the muse- um of decorative arts was not built, Rodin struggled over twenty years to depict the damned as they approach the entrance into hell. He never finished. The sculpture was cast in bronze after the artist’s death, using plaster casts taken from his clay models. The Gates of Hell, like Michelangelo’s Last Judgment, lays out its mean- ing through a turbulent and multi-figured design. The identities of many figures in the composition are not immediately apparent. Instead Rodin challenges us to make sense of the whole work by dissecting its elements and recalling its artistic influences.† The Three Shades at the very top, for example, derives from Greek thought about Hades. -
Welles Sculpture Garden Guide 24
Guidelines for enjoying the Sculpture Garden We invite you to walk around the Museum’s grounds and experience Visiting the Sculpture Garden with Children works of art complemented by nature. Look for shapes and colors in the sculptures. Identify them Please respect the works of art, the landscaping, and together. Be sure to look at the sculptures from all sides (feel other visitors. free to walk in the grass!). Do not climb, hang, or lean on sculpture or trees. Ask each other what you think the sculptures are made of— wood, metal, stone, or objects the artist found? Is it made of Please do not ride bicycles, skateboards, or other more than one material? recreational vehicles. Do you see a story in the sculpture? Please do not litter. Place all refuse in the receptacles provided. Enjoy swinging on Mark di Suvero’s Blubber together. Alcoholic beverages are not allowed without permission. Look carefully at the trees and plants in the Sculpture Garden. Museum grounds may not be used for parties or programs What shapes, textures, and colors do you see that you can also without permission. find in the sculptures? For your safety and the safety of the art, the garden is monitored What birds, insects, or other animals can you find in the by video cameras and Museum Protective Services. Sculpture Garden? www.toledomuseum.org 419.255.8000 Toledo, Ohio 43620 Ohio Toledo, 2445 Monroe Street Monroe 2445 Georgia and David K. Welles Sculpture Garden Guide 24 23 1 26 2 3 6 4 7 8 9 11 10 14 17 13 18 27 16 15 19 20 21 22 12 5 25 Acknowledgments The Museum is grateful to the donors whose generosity made the Sculpture Garden a reality: Georgia and David K. -
Originality Statement
PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Hosseinabadi First name: Sanaz Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: School of Architecture Faculty: Built Environment Title: Residual Meaning in Architectural Geometry: Tracing Spiritual and Religious Origins in Contemporary European Architectural Geometry Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) Architects design for more than the instrumental use of a buildings. Geometry is fundamental in architectural design and geometries carry embodied meanings as demonstrated through the long history of discursive uses of geometry in design. The meanings embedded in some geometric shapes are spiritual but this dimension of architectural form is largely neglected in architectural theory. This thesis argues that firstly, these spiritual meanings, although seldom recognised, are important to architectural theory because they add a meaningful dimension to practice and production in the field; they generate inspiration, awareness, and creativity in design. Secondly it will also show that today’s architects subconsciously use inherited geometric patterns without understanding their spiritual origins. The hypothesis was tested in two ways: 1) A scholarly analysis was made of a number of case studies of buildings drawn from different eras and regions. The sampled buildings were selected on the basis of the significance of their geometrical composition, representational symbolism of embedded meaning, and historical importance. The analysis clearly traces the transformation, adaptation or representation of a particular geometrical form, or the meaning attached to it, from its historical precedents to today. 2) A scholarly analysis was also made of a selection of written theoretical works that describe the design process of selected architects. -
Fibers and Fabrics in Stuffed Sculpture" (1976)
Eastern Illinois University The Keep Masters Theses Student Theses & Publications 1976 Fibers and Fabrics in Stuffed cS ulpture Carol Ann Haskell Kessler Eastern Illinois University This research is a product of the graduate program in Art at Eastern Illinois University. Find out more about the program. Recommended Citation Kessler, Carol Ann Haskell, "Fibers and Fabrics in Stuffed Sculpture" (1976). Masters Theses. 3376. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/3376 This is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Theses & Publications at The Keep. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of The Keep. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FIBERS AND FABRICS IN STUFFED SCULPTURE (TITLE) BY CAROL ANN HASKELL KESSLER THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN THE GRADUATE SCHOOL, EASTERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY CHARLESTON, ILLINOIS 1976 YEAR I HEREBY RECOMMEND THIS THESIS BE ACCEPTED AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE GRADUATE DEGREE. CITED AOOYE- J��f 1, l'fll .j i \ � 2.(• "'1 DATE t'l1� DEPARTMENT HEAD PAPER CERTIFICATE #2 TO: Graduate Degree Candidates who have written formal theses. SUBJECT: Permission to reproduce theses. The University Library is receiving a number of requests from other institutions asking permission to reproduce dissertations for inclusion in their library holdings. Although no copyright laws are involved, we feel that professional courtesy demands that permission be obtained from the author before we allow theses to be copied. Please sign one of the following statements: Booth Library of Eastern Illinois University has my permission to lend my thesis to a reputable college or university for the purpose of copying it for inclusion in that institution's library or research holdings. -
The Art of the Metropolitan Museum of New York
tCbe Hrt of tbe flftetiopoUtan fIDuseum 3Bg tbe Same Butbor 2L XTbe art of tbe IRetberlanb (Balleriea Being a History of the Dutch School of Painting Illuminated and Demonstrated by Critical Descriptions of the Great Paintings in the many Galleries With 48 Illustrations. Price, $2.00 net £ L. C. PAGE & COMPANY New England Building, Boston, Mass. GIBBS - C HANNING PORTRAIT OF GEORGE WASHINGTON. By Gilbert Stuart. (See page 287) fje gtrt of iWetcopolitany 3*1 it scnut of 3Ul” Motfe & Giving a descriptive and critical account of its treasures, which represent the arts and crafts from remote antiquity to the present time. ^ By David C. Preyer, M. A. Author of “ The Art of the Netherland Galleries,” etc. Illustrated Boston L. C. Page & Company MDCCCC1 X Copyright, 1909 By L. C. Page & Company (incorporated) All rights reservea First Impression, November, 1909 Electrotyped and Printed at THE COLONIAL PRESS C.H . Simonas Sr Co., Boston U.S.A. , preface A visit to a museum with a guide book is not inspiring. Works of art when viewed should con- vey their own message, and leave their own im- pression. And yet, the deeper this impression, the more inspiring this message, the more anxious we will be for some further information than that conveyed by the attached tablet, or the catalogue reference. The aim of this book is to gratify this desire, to enable us to have a better understanding of the works of art exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum, to point out their corelation, and thus increase our appreciation of the treasures we have seen and admired. -
Kress Fellowship Provenance Research
Kress Fellowship Provenance Research 1995.70 2002.73 Alexander Archipenko Alexander Archipenko Ukrainian, active in France and the U.S.A., 1887-1964 Ukrainian, active in France and the U.S.A., 1887-1964 Standing Woman Combing Her Hair Geometric Statuette Also called: Statuette, Standing also called: Statuette, Woman; Barth 55 Woman; Schmoll-Heilmann 30 a (original plaster); ed. 6/8F (undescribed ed. of 4); Barth 63 1914 (model, casting date unknown) (original plaster); ed. 1/4; ed. 1/4 Cast bronze 1915 (model, edition date unknown) Without base: 27 1/4 x 9 x 6 in. (69.2 x Polished cast bronze 22.9 x 15.2 cm) 14 1/2 x 2 1/2 in. (36.8 x 6.4 cm) With base: 29-1/8 x 9 x 6 in. (74 x 22.9 Diameter of marble base: 2-1/8 x 3-3/4 x 15.2 cm) in. (5.4 x 9.5 cm) Gift of Paul and Susan Freehling in Gift of the Joel and Carole Bernstein memory of Mrs. Edna Freehling Family Collection 1974.226 1977.99 Hans (Jean) Arp Louis-Ernest Barrias French, born in Germany, 1886-1966 French, 1841-1905 Concrete Sculpture: Mirr Joan of Arc as a Prisoner 1/5 after 1892 1936 Cast bronze Cast bronze Height: 13 3/4 in. (34.9 cm) Overall: 7 3/8 x 5 x 6 3/4 in. (18.7 x Gift of Mrs. William Drews 12.7 x 17.2 cm) The Joel Starrels, Jr. Memorial Collection 1984.6 1987.15 Louis-Ernest Barrias Louis-Ernest Barrias French, 1841-1905 French, 1841-1905 Nature Unveiling Herself to Science Nature Unveiling Herself to Science after 1899 after 1899 Cast bronze with partial dore Cast bronze with partial gilt patination patination Height: 16 3/4 in.