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Job Duties and Qualifications for Computer Programmers in Selected Virginia Commonwealth University VCU Scholars Compass Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 1966 Job Duties and Qualifications for Computer Programmers in Selected Organizations of the Richmond, Virginia, Area and Implications for an Electronic Data Processing Curriculum at the Richmond Professional Institute Edwin E. Blanks Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd Part of the Business Commons © The Author Downloaded from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4328 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at VCU Scholars Compass. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of VCU Scholars Compass. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JOB DUTIES AND QUALJFICATIONS FOR co~~UTER PROGRA1'~!ERS IN SELECTED ORGANIZATIONS OF THE RICHMOND, VIRGINIA, AREA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR AN ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING CURRICULUM AT THE RICHMOND PROFESSIONAL INSTITUTE A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Richmond Professional Institute In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of MAST:ER OF SCIENCE IN BUSINESS August 15, 1966 EDWIN E. BLANKS /1 B. s. in Business, Richmond Pr fessional Institute, TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF TABLES. .• . V Chapter I FORMULATION AND DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM l Introduction ••• l General Statement . 2 Sub-Problems •••• 2 Need for the Study. 3 Definition of Terms . 5 Basic Assumptions 11 Delimitations • . 11 Organizations Included in the Study 11 Personnel Included in the Study •• . 12 II PROCEDURES IN COLLECT ING DATA • 13 Formulation and Validation of the Questionnaire ••••••••••• . 13 Distribution of the Questionnaire. 15 Follow-Up Procedure . 15 III PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA . 16 Iptroduotion•••••• . 16 Types of Organizations. 16 Total Number of Employees . 18 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page III PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA (continued) Number of Data Processing Employees ••••••••• 18 Qualifications, Selection, and Training of Data Processing Employees •••••• . 19 Previous ·Work Experience Required . 19 Age Range . • • 20 Education Level Required •• . 21 Locating Data Processing Employees ••••••••• 22 Personnel Requirements ••••••••••••••• 23 Testing Devices •• . 24 Methods of Training. 25 Employability of Two-Year Graduates. 26 Job Duties of Programmers •••••••• 26 Job Titles. 31 Solutions to Scientific and Business Problems ••••• . 32 Computer Languages Used by Prograrruners ••• 33 Supervision of Data Processing Personnel by Programmers ••• . 34 Data Processing Equipment. 35 Computers in Use •• . 35 Computers on Order. 35 Unit Record Equipment in Use • • . 35 Years Equipment Had Been in Use. 37 Ope!ating Shifts • ••••••••••• 39 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page III PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA (continued) Equipment Applications ••••••••••••••• 40 Equipment Rental and Ownership ••••••••••• 40 Titles of ·Questionnaire Respondents . IV SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS •••••••••••••••• 43 Restatement of Problem and Procedure ••• 43 Findings. 43 Types of Organizations •• . 44 Computers in Use •• 44 Computers on Order •• 44 Hours Equipment Is in Use . 45 Equipment Utilization • • 45 Number of Data Processing Employees. 45 :Educational Program for Data Processing Personnel ••••• . 46 Testing Devices for Data Processing Personnel •••••••• 46 Job Title of Programmers. 46 Job Duties of Programmers. 47 Age Range of Programmers •• . 48 Work Experience of Programmers •• 48 :Educational Requirements of Programmers. 48 Employability of Graduates of a Two-Year Program. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 48 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page IV SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS (continued) Titles of Questionnaire Respondents 49 Implications for the Richmond Professional Institute ..••• ·. • . • . • • ••••• . 49 Needed Research . 50 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 53 APPENDIX A. 56 APPENDIX B. 59 APPENDIX C. .• . 61 APPENDIX D. 72 APPENDIX E. 74 iv LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Number and Percent of the Types of Organizations Represented in the Study. • • • • • . • • • • • • • • . 17 2 Total Number of Employees in the Organizations. • • • • • • , • • . 18 3 Number of Data Processing Employees Represented in the Study •••••• 19 4 Number of Years of Previous Experience Required of Programmers •••••••••• 20 5 Age Range Preferred for Programmers ••••••• . 21 6 Level of Education Required of· Programmers. • • • • • • • • • 22 7 Sources Used in Locating Data Processing Personnel ••• . 23 8 Testing Devices Used in Selecting Programmers •• 24 9 Methods Preferred for Training Data Processing Personnel ••• . 25 10 Number and Percent of Organizations Indicating They Would Employ Graduates of a Two-Year Program ••• . 26 11 Number and Percent of Selected Organizations in Which 15 Job Duties Were Performed by Programmers • ••••••••• . 28 V LIST OF TABLES (continued) Table Page 12 Weighted Total of 15 Job Duties Performed by Programmers ••••••••••••••• 30 13 Job Titles of Per sons Performing the Duties of Programmers in the Selected Organizations ••••• . 31 14 Number and Percent of Orgrmizations Indicating That Their Programmers Developed Solutions to Scientific and Business Problems ••••••• . 32 15 Computer Languages Used in Writing Computer Programs ••••••••• 33 16 Number and Percent of Organizations In Which Programmers Supervised or Did Not Supervise Others ••••• . 34 17 Number of Computers In Use In the Selected Organizations •••••••••••••• 36 18 Number of New Computers Ordered By the Selected Organizations ••••••••••••• 37 19 Types of Unit Record Equipment In Use In the Selected Organizations. 38 20 Length of Time Data Processing Equipment Had Been Used By the Selected Organizations •••••••••••••••• 39 21 Equipment Utilization Based on the Number of Eight,..Hour Shifts •••••••••••••• 40 22 Equipment Utilization Based on Types of Applications ••••••••••••••••• 41 23 Equipment Rental and Ownership In the Selected Organizations. • ••••••••• 41 24 Indicated Titles of the Question- naire Respondents •••••••••••••• ~ •••• vi CHAPTER I FORMULATION .II.ND DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM Introduction The tremendous impact of electronic data processing on the lives of the American people is being felt in every segment of our economy. Regardless of the area of activity, be it business, education, government, industry, or the service areas, electronic data processing is performing an increasingly· important function. The volume of paper work, the magni­ tude of government reports, and the demands of management for information, have created ma.Jllmoth challenges for electronic data processing. These challenges are complex. However, electronic data processing equipment and personnel are :making favorable gains on the problems posed by these chal­ lenges. The invention and manufacture of machines and equipment of rapid speed and accuracy for the production and reproduction of business reports and records is the newest step forward in business organization and rnanage- 1 ment. Undoubtedly the best kno'Wll machine developed for this purpose is the computer. The invention of the computer collD'llenced the revolution of electronic data processing. The first machine to use electronic tubes for calculating was the ENIAC, Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, 1clarence B. Randall, Sally W. Weimer, and Maynard S. Greenfield, Systems and Procedures fo..I Auto~ Accounting, (Cincinnati: South-Western Publishing Company, 1962;, p. 95. 2 developed between 1942 and 1946 at the University of Pennsylvania by 2 Dr. John W. }l.auchly, J. Presper Eckert, and their associates. General Statement The primary purpose of this study was to determine the specific job duties and qualifications of a computer prograxuner in the Richmond Metropolitan area. This information should offer some criteria for establishing an electronic data processing curriculum at the Richmond Professional Institute. Sub-Problems To accomplish the explicit objectives of this study, answers were needed for the following questions: 1. What job duties are required of a computer programmer? How frequent are the different job duties performed? 2. What qualifications are required of a computer programmer? What age is preferred for programming personnel? How much previous experience is required? What educational require­ ments are necessary? 3. What job title is associated with the person performing the job duties of a computer progrannner? 4. Is there a demand for graduates of a two-year program in electronic data processing? 5. How many business and other establishments have an educational program to prepare personnel for work in electronic data pro­ cessing departments? 2Robert R. Arnold, Harold C. Hill, and Aylmer V. Nichols, Introduction To~ Processing, (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1966), p. 28. 3 6. What types of computers are currently being used in data processing installations? What types of new computers are on order? 7. How many persons are working in electronic data processing departments? Is it difficult to locate computer programmers? 8. What testing devices are being used in selecting computer programners? 9. What types of organizations are using electronic data pro­ cessing equipment? 10. How many hours per day do data processing installations operate their equipment? More than 100,000 Americans are pursuing a career that did not exist 15 years ago. 3 That career is computer programn,.ing. 4 The persons who are members of this profession are most commonly known as progralllI'lers.
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