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Managing Natural World Heritage Managing Cultural World Heritage Managing Natural World Heritage 1 Foreword

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Managing Natural World Heritage Managing Cultural World Heritage Managing Natural World Heritage 1 Foreword MANAGING NATURAL Resource Manual Resource WORLD HERITAGE World Heritage World World Heritage Convention international council on monuments and sites WH_RM_MNWH-Cover-2012_WH 22/06/12 10:48 Page2 Published in June 2012 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO / ICCROM / ICOMOS / IUCN, 2012 All rights reserved. ISBN 978-92-3-001075-1 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO, ICCROM, ICOMOS and IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ICCROM, ICOMOS, IUCN and other participating organizations disclaim any errors or omissions in the translation of this manual from the original version in English, or from primary errors in any of the data interpreted within it. Free non-profit use/reproduction of this manual is encouraged, always quoting the original source. ICCROM Via di San Michele 13 I-00153 Rome Italy Tel: +39 06 585-531 Fax: +39 06 585-53349 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.iccrom.org ICOMOS 49-51, Rue de la Fédération 75015 Paris France Tel: +33 (0)1 45 67 67 70 Fax: +33 (0)1 45 66 06 22 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.icomos.org IUCN Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland Switzerland Tel: +41 (22) 999-0000 Fax: +41 (22) 999-0002 E-mail: [email protected] http://www.iucn.org UNESCO World Heritage Centre 7, Place de Fontenoy 75352 Paris 07 SP France Tel: +33 (0)1 45 68 18 76 Fax: +33 (0)1 45 68 55 70 E-mail: [email protected] http://whc.unesco.org With the support of the Netherlands Cover photo: Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park / Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra World Heritage site (Indonesia) Staff of the Wildlife Conservation Society and the National Parks Agency monitor the site © Marc Patry Graphic design, cover design and typeset: RectoVerso Resource Manual About the World Heritage Resource Manual Series Since the World Heritage Convention was adopted in 1972, the World Heritage List has continually evolved and is growing steadily. With this growth, a critical need has emerged World Heritage for guidance for States Parties on the implementation of the Convention. Various expert meetings and results of Periodic Reporting have identified the need for more focused training and capacity development in specific areas where States Parties and World Heritage site managers require greater support. The development of a series of World Heritage Resource Manuals is a response to this need. The publication of the series is a joint undertaking by the three Advisory Bodies of the World Heritage Convention (ICCROM, ICOMOS and IUCN) and the UNESCO World Heritage Centre as the Secretariat of the Convention. The World Heritage Committee at its 30th session (Vilnius, Lithuania, July 2006) supported this initiative and requested that the Advisory Bodies and the World Heritage Centre proceed with the preparation and publication of a number of thematic Resource Manuals. The 31st (2007) and 32nd (2008) sessions of the Committee adopted the publication plan and determined a prioritized list of titles. An Editorial Board consisting of members of all three Advisory Bodies and the World Heritage Centre meets regularly to decide on different aspects of their preparation and publication. For each manual, depending on the theme, one of the Advisory Bodies or the World Heritage Centre functions as the lead agency responsible for coordination, while the final production is ensured by the World Heritage Centre. The Resource Manuals are intended to provide focused guidance on the implementation of the Convention to States Parties, heritage protection authorities, local governments, site managers and local communities linked to World Heritage sites, as well as other stakeholders in the identification and preservation process. They aim to provide knowledge and assistance in ensuring a representative and credible World Heritage List consisting of well-protected and effectively managed properties. The manuals are being developed as user-friendly tools for capacity-building and awareness- raising on the World Heritage Convention. They can be used independently for self-guided learning as well as material at training workshops, and should complement the basic provisions for under- standing the text of the Convention itself and the Operational Guidelines for implementation. The titles in this series are produced as PDF online documents which can be freely downloaded. List of titles: Managing Disaster Risks for World Heritage (June 2010) Preparing World Heritage Nominations (Second Edition, November 2011) Managing Natural World Heritage Managing Cultural World Heritage Managing Natural World Heritage 1 Foreword In its forty years of existence, the World Heritage Convention has become the most successful international instrument to recognize the most exceptional natural places in the world, characterized by their outstanding biodiversity, ecosystems, geology or superb natural phenomena. The Convention has provided international recognition to well over 10 per cent of the total area of protected areas in the world, and while certain gaps in the World Heritage List remain, it currently protects an extremely valuable sample of our natural heritage. ® With almost 1,000 natural and cultural sites already inscribed on the List, the C o n t e n t s current challenge for the Convention is to ensure that the values for which these sites were listed are maintained in the context of a rapidly changing and global- ized world. The Convention is not only about recognizing and celebrating these exceptional places: by nominating them for listing, States Parties to the Conven- tion make a commitment to protect them for current and future generations. In order to maintain the values and integrity of these sites, States Parties have to ensure that they are managed to the highest possible standards. A wealth of knowledge and best practice exists on protected area management and it is not the objective or the ambition of this Resource Manual to replace the literature on this subject. Instead, in the first place, it seeks to guide managers and practitioners on the specificity of managing a World Heritage site, building on the central concept of the Convention, that of Outstanding Universal Value. At the same time, it points to existing best practice examples and resources, guiding World Heritage site managers to available literature and documentation. Best practice in protected area and World Heritage site management is evolving quickly. As managers are faced with new challenges on almost a daily basis, conservation strategies must also evolve. Therefore it was a strategic choice to publish this manual as an electronic document. We invite you to use and further enrich it by providing the World Heritage Centre with your comments and experiences, in order to make them available to your colleagues in sites all over the world. Kishore Rao Director, UNESCO World Heritage Centre Managing Natural World Heritage 2 Acknowledgements Coordinating authors Sue Stolton and Nigel Dudley, Equilibrium Research and IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) with Peter Shadie, Odonata Consulting and IUCN Senior Advisor World Heritage Reviewers and other contributors • Mariam Kenza Ali, World Heritage Conservation Officer, IUCN • Stephan Amend, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH, Peru • Thora Amend, GIZ, Peru ® • Marco Arenas Aspilcueta, Huascarán National Park, SERNANP – MINAM, Peru C o n t e n t s • Tim Badman, Head of World Heritage Programme, IUCN • Ben Boer, Emeritus Professor in Environmental Law, Australian Centre for Climate and Environ- mental Law, Sydney Law School, Australia • Jenna Boon, Director, Joggins Fossil Institute, Canada • Francoise Burhenne-Guilmin, Senior Counsel, IUCN Environmental Law Centre • Robyn Bushell, Co-Leader of IUCN WCPA Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group and Associate Professor, Centre for Cultural Research, University of Western Sydney, Australia • Carolina Castellanos, Mexico • Claire Cave, School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Ireland • Nigel Crawhall, Co-Chair of IUCN Commission on Environmental, Economic and Social Policy (CEESP) – WCPA Strategic Direction on Governance, Communities, Equity and Livelihood Rights in Relation to Protected Areas • Jon Day, Director, Ecosystem Conservation and Sustainable Use, Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority, Australia • Guy Debonnet, Programme Specialist Natural Heritage, UNESCO World Heritage Centre • Naomi Doak, IUCN Regional Protected Areas Programme, Asia • Joerg Elbers, Senior Programme Officer on Protected Areas, IUCN South America Regional Office • Barbara Engels, German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation – Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) • Charlie Falzon, United Kingdom • Frauke Fleischer-Dogley, Seychelles Island Foundation • Anjana Ford, Jurassic Coast Education Coordinator, United Kingdom • Sylvie Goyet, Fondation Internationale du Banc d’Arguin (FIBA), Mauritania • Khaled Allam Harhash, Nature Conservation Sector, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency • Marc Hockings, Vice-Chair (Science, Knowledge and Management of Protected Areas) IUCN WCPA and Associate Professor, University of Queensland, Australia • Tilman Jaeger, World Heritage Project Management Officer,
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