Afro Latin Jazz Music Featuring the Multi GRAMMY© Nominated Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band
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On Friday, May 9, 2014, as part the Harlem Jazz Shrines Festival, the Apollo Education Program presented a lively and exciting School Day Live performance exploring the distinct rhythms and cultural connections of Afro Latin Jazz music featuring the multi GRAMMY© nominated Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band. The Apollo Theater is world-renowned. Located on 125th Street in the heart of Harlem, the Apollo has hosted some of the world’s most iconic performers. Soul music, Rhythm & Blues, gospel, funk, and other music genres have all ignited the stage at the Apollo over the course of its 80 year history. However, it was a show called Jazz a la Carte that welcomed the first audiences to the Apollo when it opened in 1934. Jazz is an integral part of Apollo’s legacy. Performers like Billie Holiday, Ella Fitzgerald, and Sarah Vaughan launched their careers on Theater’s stage. In the 1930s and 40s, Big Bands led by music giants such as Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Lionel Hampton, frequently appeared at the Apollo. More recently, artists like Dianne Reeves, Cecile McLorin - Salvant, Wycliffe Gordon, and Arturo O’Farrill have appeared at the Apollo continuing the legacy of the Theater as a home for jazz. Afro Latin jazz is the music of yesterday, today, and tomorrow. ~Bobby Sanabria The history of Afro Latin Jazz at the Apollo dates back to the 1930s. Highlighted by a blend of rhythms and melodies from Cuba and the Spanish Caribbean, Afro-Latin jazz fuses jazz with African and European influences. Mario Bauzá is considered to be the “founding father of Latin jazz.” A trumpeter and musical director, Bauza was born in Cuba and first came to the U.S. in the 1920s. In 1938, Bauzá joined Cab Calloway’s band and met another trumpeter, Dizzy Gillespie. With Gillespie, Bauzá was instrumental in developing the sound called “CuBop” a blend of Cuban music and bebop an early form of Afro-Latin jazz. Bauzá went on to become the musical director of Machito and his Afro-Cubans, a band led by his brother-in-law, Machito, who was also an influential figure in the development of Afro – Latin jazz. In addition to being a musician and bandleader, Bauzá was a mentor to many younger musicians including Bobby Sanabria Born and raised in the Bronx, Bobby Sanabria is a celebrated percussionist, composer, recording artist, conductor, and educator. In 2006, Sanabria was inducted into the Bronx Walk of Fame and was given the honor of having a street named after him on the Grand Concourse. He has long been a champion for the preservation and presentation Afro-Latin jazz. Mr. Sanabria is currently the Afro-Latin Jazz Artist-in- Residence at the Roberto Ocasio Memorial Latin Jazz Camp. He teaches at the Manhattan School of Music. Apollo Theater Education Program The eclectic music performed by the Multiverse Big Band pays homage not only to Afro Latin jazz but also to a multitude of sounds and musical experiences that unifies jazz, Latin, funk, rock, rhythm and blues, gospel, and rap. Lessons for the Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band production are crafted to integrate the arts seamlessly into the classroom curriculum. Each lesson, activity, and assignment will foster a deeper understanding of the Afro-Latin jazz music genre. All lessons and activities are aligned with the Common Core Learning Standards and can be used as a part of an English Language Arts, Social Studies, and/or and an Arts curriculum. The lessons are designed for a variety of grades, feature learning objectives, activities, and assignments that engage students in hands-on learning, immerse them in collaborative group activities that allow students to work closely with one another and the teacher. The lessons were designed to deepen students’ experience of the May 9th Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band School Day Live performance at the Apollo. However, the lessons can be adapted for use beyond the show and will allow students and teachers to engage in an exciting excursion through the origins of the Afro Latin jazz, cultural influences of the genre, and to discover why, to quote Bobby Sanabria, “Afro Latin jazz is the music of yesterday, today, and tomorrow.” Shirley C. Taylor Senior Director of Education Apollo Theater Apollo Theater Education Program Apollo School Day Live Presents: Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band Teacher’s Guide Grades 3-5 UNIT OVERVIEW Lessons for the Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band production are crafted to integrate the arts seamlessly into the classroom. Each lesson, activity, and assignment will prepare the students for viewing the production and will foster a deeper understanding of the Afro-Latin jazz music genre. All lessons and activities are aligned with the Common Core Learning Standards and can be used as a part of an English Language Arts, Social Studies, and/or and an Arts curriculum. These lessons, which are designed for grades 3-5, features learning objectives, activities, and assignments that engage students in hands-on learning, immerse them in collaborative group activities that allow students to work closely with one another and the teacher, and enable students to make connections to Afro-Latin jazz and artists of the genre. Lessons vary in levels of Norman Webb’s Depth of Knowledge so that learning is accessible at all student levels. Additionally, lessons and activities are differentiated for a variety of student populations such as special education students, English as a Second Language, and students who need additional rigor. These lessons are designed for 3-4 days use depending on class time allocations. Lessons and activities are varied to engage a variety of learner types – audio, kinesthetic, and visual. Lessons are student-centered, and the teacher will serve as a facilitator for many of the activities and tasks. The lessons created for this production engage students in developing and deepening their speaking, listening, writing, and imaginative skills. These lessons culminate with a well- developed essay in which students use all skills acquired in the lessons to discuss Afro-Latin jazz. Everything the students learn in the classroom during this unit will be deepened upon viewing of the Bobby Sanabria Multiverse Big Band production at the Apollo. Through the use of each lesson, students will learn about African and Latin cultures, connect their own cultures to African and Latin cultures, and discover the components of a big band. Students will embark upon learning experiences that have life-long application and help students become more engaged in the arts. Lesson Overview Day 1 – The Culture Fusion – This opening lesson encourages students to celebrate characteristics of their own culture and background. Students will be engaged in learning about the characteristics of both African and Latin cultures and then make connections from each culture to their own cultures and traditions. They will use their newly acquired information to imagine what music that fuses both cultures would sound like. Day 2 – Jazz Hands – Students will use knowledge and connections from the previous day’s lesson to understand the elements of Afro-Latin jazz. Students will also recognize the history behind Afro-Latin/Afro-Cuban jazz and understand how influences from African and Latin cultures were used to inspire Afro-Latin jazz. Students will experience jazz through sounds from Bobby Sanabria and other musicians who have contributed to the Afro-Latin jazz genre. Apollo Theater Education Program Day 3 – What Instrument Are You? The Class Big Band – This culminating interactive lesson explores the various instruments and sounds used to create the exciting sounds of jazz music. Students will tap into their own interests, likes, and dislikes and relate that knowledge of themselves to music. Based on students’ personalities and own characteristics, each student will choose to be an instrument or sound that best fits them. Through introduction to Bobby Sanabria’s big band, students will learn about the concept of a big band and understand how musicians work together to create sound. Students will embody the instrument they choose to be and work collaboratively to organize a band. To deepen knowledge, students will create essays that utilize all information obtained from the lessons. Essential Questions What is jazz and how does it differ from other types of music? What is Afro-Latin or Afro-Cuban jazz, and how does it infuse elements from musical genres? How do instruments play a role in the development of a music composition? What are the characteristics of various music instruments? How can various cultures share common aspects, and how does culture influence music and artists? Common Core Learning Standards Writing: W-11 Create and present a poem, dramatization, artwork, or personal response to a particular author or theme studied in class, with support as needed. Speaking and Listening: SL-1(a) Engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions (one-on-one, in groups, and teacher-led) with diverse partners on grade 4 topics and texts, building on others’ ideas and expressing their own clearly. SL-1(e) Seek to understand and communicate with individuals from different perspectives and cultural backgrounds. Language: L-1 Demonstrate usage of Standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking. L-3 Use knowledge of language and its conventions when writing, speaking, reading, or listening. Apollo Theater Education Program Additional Resources As a supplemental resource to help your practice as you indulge students in experiencing Afro-Latin jazz, consider showing clips from a 4-episode series at http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/latinmusicusa/. This series provides valuable information on Afro-Latin or Afro-Cuban jazz, the development of the genre, and impact on other artists and the community. As referenced in the lessons for this guide, YouTube serves as a visual resource to show students videos of Afro-Latin jazz musicians as well as listen to Afro-Latin jazz music.