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CPO Focus on Earth Science First Edition Copyright 2007 Delta Education LLC, a member of the School Specialty Family ISBN-10: 1-58892-247-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-58892-247-2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - QWE- 11 10 09 08 07 All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing. For permission and other rights under this copyright, please contact: CPO Science 80 Northwest Boulevard Nashua, New Hampshire 03063 (866)588-6951 http://www.cposcience.com Printed and Bound in the United States of America Credits Writers Editorial Consultants Polly Crisman – Design and Illustration B.F.A., University of New Hampshire. Mary Beth Abel Hughes - Author Christine Golden Graphic artist with expertise in advertising and marketing B.S., Marine Biology, College of Charleston; M.S., B.A., Psychology, Gordon College; M.B.A., Rivier College design, freelance illustrating, and caricature art. Polly is Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island. Project manager at Imperial Communications since 1999. the CPO primary book illustrator and manages all files. Has taught a range of science and math courses at an With 22 years in publishing, now owner and managing Bruce Holloway – Cover Design and Illustration innovative high school and at the college level. Expertise editor of Big Dog Publishing Services. Christine's work Pratt Institute, N.Y.; Boston Museum School of Fine Arts. in scientific research, inquiry-based teaching methods, centers on editing K-12 textbook material. and curriculum development. Mary Beth has been a Created all CPO Science book covers and many of the principal writer with CPO Science since 2000. Contributing Writers CPO specific designs. Expertise in product design, advertising, and three-dimensional exhibit design. James Sammons - Author Laine Ives Commissioned for the New Hampshire Duck Stamp for B.S., Chemistry and Biology, University of Rhode Island. B.A., Gordon College; graduate coursework at Cornell 1999 and 2003. Has taught middle school science for 30 years. Formerly a University's Shoals Marine Laboratory and Wheelock Connections research biologist with the National Marine Fisheries College. Service. Recognized by the Soil Conservation Service, the Taught high school English overseas and environmental Catherine C. Reed Department of Energy Residence in Science and education at a middle school in New England. Technology program, the National Association of Science B.S., Secondary Education, Akron University; M.Ed., Teachers, WGBH's Nova science program, and the Melissa N. G. Vela Administration and Curriculum, Baldwin-Wallace National Association of Geoscience Teachers. Jim is a B.A. Earth and Environmental Science, Lehigh University; College. member of the Geological Society of America and the M.S. Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Cornell Taught middle school science and has worked as a middle American Geophysical Union. University; M.Ed. Curriculum/Instruction, Boston school specialist for 20 years. Catherine’s work has College. Patsy Eldridge - Author included curriculum development and professional B.S., Biology, Grove City College; M.Ed., Tufts University. Melissa has taught six years of 9th grade earth and space development in the area of inquiry learning. science at Lexington High School (Lexington, MA). She Experienced high school Physical Science teacher and Sharon O. Faulkner is an educational freelance writer also taught 6th grade physical science and 8th grade who lives in Andover, Massachusetts. national hands-on science trainer and presenter. As an algebra at Weston Middle School (Weston, MA). adjunct professor for Endicott College in Beverly, MA, John K. Manos is an educational freelance writer who and the College of Charleston, developed content- Jill Elenbaas lives in Evanston, Ill. intensive Physical Science courses for pre- and in-service B.A., Biology and Environmental Studies, Bowdoin College Laura J. Tierney is a freelance writer living in educators. Technical background in the medical device Chelmsford, Massachusetts. field. Patsy has developed curriculum and training Jill is an 8th-grade science teacher at Wayland Middle materials with CPO Science for six years. School (Wayland, MA). Beverly Vissoe teaches sixth-grade reading at Readington Middle School, Readington, New Jersey. Daniel P. Murray, Ph.D. - Content review Denise Rock A.B., Dartmouth College; M.S. Brown University; Ph.D., A.S., Applied Marine Biology and Oceanography, Assessment Brown University Southern Maine Technical College; B.A., General Chairman, Department of Geosciences, University of Biology, University of Southern Maine Mary Ann Erickson Rhode Island NASA educator astronaut teacher, Elm Street Middle B.S, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Senior Editor School (Nashua, NH). Art and Illustration Ran a technical writing consulting business, writing Lynda Pennell – Executive Vice President process control manuals for water treatment plants, B.A., English; M.Ed., Administration, Reading software design documentation for simulation software, Jesse Van Valkenburgh - Design and Illustration and operator manuals for mining equipment. Disabilities, Northeastern University; CAGS Media, B.F.A., Illustration, Rochester Institute of Technology. University of Massachusetts, Boston. Kelly A. Story Has worked in prepress film production and design. Jesse Nationally known for high school restructuring and B.S., Chemistry, Gordon College; M.S., Chemistry, has worked at PC Connection in Merrimack, N.H., as a University of Massachusetts, Lowell. integrating academic and career education. Served as graphic designer doing catalog and direct mailing design, director at an urban school for five years and has 17 years logo design, and illustration. Taught chemistry and maintains a position as lab teaching/administrative experience in Boston public instructor at Gordon College, Wenham, Mass. schools. Lynda has led development at CPO Science for six years. Equipment Design Reviewers Special Thanks for Photos and Images Thomas Narro – Senior Vice President B.S., Mechanical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Nancy Joplin Institute. English-language arts department chairwoman Dr. Geerat Vermeij Accomplished design and manufacturing engineer; Ray Wiltsey Middle School, Ontario, Calif. Professor of Marine Ecology and Paleoecology, experienced consultant in corporate re-engineering and University of California, Davis industrial-environmental acoustics. Jodye Selco, Ph.D. Mary Doval Graziose Danielle Dzurik Professor, Center for Education and Equity in Math, Bachelor of Industrial Design, Auburn University. Science, and Technology University of California, Davis California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Calif. Focused on product development, new product design, Curtis Ebbesmeyer and improving older designs. Brian E. Goodrow Beachcombers’ and Oceanographers’ Material Support Physical science teacher International Association Apple Valley Middle School, Apple Valley, Calif. Michael Grady – Tech services coordinator Jim White A.A., Arranging and Performing, Berklee College of Philip L. Hunter Beachcombers’ and Oceanographers’ Music; Medical Technician Diploma, Middlesex Science department chairman International Association Community College. Johnson Middle School, Westminster, Calif. Professional musician for more than 20 years, with 10 Dr. Adam Dziewonski years experience in customer service fields. Bianca N. McRae Frank B. Baird, Jr. Professor of Science Harvard University Kathryn Gavin – Quality Control and Purchasing Science teacher, department chairwoman Menifee Valley Middle School, Menifee, Calif. Manager Sarah Herve Responsible for quality control and purchasing and John Day Fossil Beds National Monument works with product engineering on all new Tia L. Shields Life science/health and English language learning teacher development. Kathryn has been assuring total quality Joan Buhrman of CPO Science equipment for ten years. Nicolas Junior High School, Fullerton, Calif. American Society of Civil Engineers Lisa LaChance – Senior materials specialist Kelly McAllister A.S., Accounting John M. Watson Science teacher Lisa evaluates samples to ensure that materials meet USGS project requirements, developing and managing the Gage Middle School, Riverside, Calif. release of specifications. She also evaluates changes to David A. Abel current products to enhance them and/or reduce Brad Joplin Freelance photographer manufacturing costs. Science teacher Ray Wiltsey Middle School, Ontario, Calif. Technical Support ShutterStock, Inc. Tony Heinzman Stock Photography Tracy Morrow – Framemaker specialist, technical editor and trainer Science teacher B.A., English, Texas A&M University; M.A., English, Sam Apple Valley Middle School, Apple Valley, Calif. Houston State University. Taught middle school in Klein, Texas, a suburban region Sylvia Gutman outside Houston, for nine years; at Tomball College in Science teacher, department chairwoman Tomball, Texas, for five years; and worked as a technical David A. Brown Middle School writer in the oil and gas, airlines, and real estate Wildomar, Calif. industries. Tracy offers consulting services and technical Lake Elsinore Unified School District training; her expertise is in the editing program Framemaker. Erik Benton Curriculum Writer CPO Science Unit One: The Scientific Process . 2