Reconnaissance Geology of Chichagof, Baranof, and Krui:Of Islands, , Southeastern Alaska
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LIBRAR~ Reconnaissance Geology of Chichagof, Baranof, and Krui:of Islands, , Southeastern Alaska GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 792 / RECONNAISSANCE GEOLOGY OF CHICHAGOF, BARANOF, AND KRUZOF ISLANDS, SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA Rugged interior of Baranof Island west of Carbon Lake; note Sitka Sound and Mount Edgecumbe in upper right. Reconnaissance Geology of Chichagof, Baranof, and Kruzof Islands, Southeastern Alaska By ROBERT A. LONEY, DAVID A. BREW, L. J. PATRICK MUFFLER, and JOHN S. POMEROY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 792 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON: 1975 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR ROGERS C. B. MORTON, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY V. E. McKelvey, Director Library of Congress catalog-card No. 74--600121 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Goverri'rrient Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402- Price (paper cover) Stock Number 2401-02560 CONTENTS Page Page Abstract --_------- __ ----------__ ----__ -------------------- 1 Intrusive igneous rocks-Continued Introduction----------------------------------------------· 2 Granitoid rocks-Continued Location ---------------------------------------------- 2 Jurassic plutons-Continued Previous investigations -------------------------------- 2 Kennel Creek pluton -------------------------- 27 Present investigation ---------------------------------- 3 Tonalite intrusives near the west arm of Peril Acknowledgments ------------------------------------ 3 Strait -------------------------------------- 27 GeographY-------------------------------------------- 3 Cretaceous and Cretaceous(?) plutons -------------- 30 Stratigraphy __ -------------------------------------------- 4 Cretaceous plutons southwest of the Silurian rocks ---------------------------------------- 5 Peril Strait fault ---------------------------- 32 Point Augusta Formation-------------------------- 5 Cretaceous plutons between the Peril Strait Silurian and (or) Devonian rocks ---------------------- 8 fault and the Sitkoh Bay fault_ _____________ :__ 32 Kennel Creek Limestone -------------------------- 8 Cretaceous plutons northeast of the Sitkoh Devonian rocks________________________________________ 9 Bay fault ---------------------------------- 33 Cedar Cove Formation ---------------------------- 9 Cretaceous(?) gabbros on Baranof Island -------- 42 Freshwater Bay Formation ------------------------ 10 Tertiary and Tertiary(?) plutons-------------------- 45 Mississippian rocks------------------------------------ 11 Tertiary(?) layered gabbro near the head lyoukeen Formation ------~-----------------------. 11 of Tenakee Inlet ---------------------------- . 45 Probable Paleozoic metamorphic rocks associated with Tertiary(?) plutons on northwestern Chichagof the Chicagof plutonic complex·------------------- 12 Island and Yakobi Island -------------------- 46 Distribution and correlation________________________ 12 Eocene plutons on Baranof and Kruzof Islands __ 46 Metamorphic facies------------------------------- 12 Kruzof Island pluton ---------------------- 47 Hornfels, amphibolite, and schist ----------------- 12 Kasnyku Lake pluton______________________ 47 Quartzo-feldspathic granofels and schist ----------- 13 Indigo Lake pluton------------------------ 49 Calcareous granofels and marble ----------------- 13 Vodopad River pluton______________________ 49 Cataclasites -------------------------------------- 13 Crawfish Inlet pluton---------------------- 49 Paleozoic or Mesozoic rocks ---------------------------- 13 Redfish Bay pluton------------------------ 51 Amphibolite, gneiss, schist, and marble ------------ 13 Oligocene or Miocene pluton at Gut Bay, Amphibolite and schist ----------------------- 14 Baranof Island ------------------------------ 52 Marble and calc-silicate granofels ------------- 14 Hypabyssal dikes--------------------------------______ 52 Metamorphic facies---------------------------- 14 Dikes of intermediate to felsic composition ---------- 53 Chert, limestone, sandstone, and greenstone ________ 15 Dikes of hornblende diabase________________________ 54 Triassic and (or) Jurassic rocks ------------------------ 16 Dikes of alkali-olivine diabase______________________ 54 Kelp Bay Group ---------------------------------- 16 Ultramafic rocks -------------------------------------- 54 Goon Dip Greenstone------------:--------------- 16 Peridotite at Red Bluff Bay ------------------------ 54 Whitestripe Marble---------------------------- 17 Serpentinites-------------------------------------- 57 Pinnacle Peak Phyllite ------------------------ 18 Structure __ --------____ -------------------_____ __ __ __ __ __ 58 Waterfall Greenstone-------------------------- 18 Folds ------------------------------------------------ 58 Khaz Formation ----------------------------- 19 .Northeastern province ---------------------------- 60 Schist on Chichagof Island ------------------- 20 Chichagof plutonic complex ------------------------ 60 Unnamed units on Baranof Island -------------- 20 Southwestern province ---------------------------- 60 Phyllite ______________ ---__ ---___ ---_----- 21 Areas dominated by northwest-trending folds____ 62 Greenschist and greenstone ---------------- 21 Northwestern Baranof Island -------------- 62 Graywacke semischist -------------------- 22 Southern and eastern Baranof Island ______ 62 Kelp Bay Group, undivided -------------------- 22 Structural effects of Tertiary plutonic Jurassic and Cretaceous rocks-------------------------- 23 intrusion________________________________ 64 Sitka Graywacke---------------------------------- 23 Areas dominated by north- to northeast- Quaternary rocks______________________________________ 25 trending folds -------------------------- 64 Alluvial, colluvial, and glacial deposits______________ 25 Northern Baranof Island ------------------ 64 Edgecumbe Volcanics------------------------------~ 25 Southwestern Chichagof Island ------------ 65 Lamprophyric basalt on Lisianski Inlet ------------ 26 Discussion of superposed folding---------------- 68 Intrusive igneous rocks------------------------------------ 26 Faults __ ____ ____ ____ ____ __ ______ ______ __ __ __ __ __ ___ __ _ 68 Granitoid rocks---------------------------------------- 26 Chatham Strait fault------------------------------ 69 Plutons of Silurian or older age -------------------- 27 Tenakee fault system------------------------------ 70 Jurassic plutons _________________________________ _ 27 Fairweather fault system -------------------------- 71 v VI CONTENTS Page Page Structure-Continued Contact metamorphism around Tertiary plutons-Continued Faults-Continued Contact metamorphic rocks derived from the Kelp-Continued Northeast- and east-striking faults ---------------- 72 Aureole of Kasyku Lake pluton-Continued Thrust faults-----~------------..:___________________ 72. Discussion ____________ _:_______________________ 87 Summary ---------------------------------------- 72 Metamorphic rocks south of Red Bluff Bay ---------- 87 Contact metamorphism around Tertiary plutons ------------ 73 Depth of intrusion ------------------------------------ 88 Metamorphic rocks derived from the Sitka Ctraywacke. __ 73 Mineral deposits ------------------------------------------ 90 Kruzof Island ------------------------------------ 75 Gold-silver deposits------------------------------------ 91 Southern Baranof Island ------------------------- 76 Nickel-copper deposits -------------------------------- 91 North of Crawfish Inlet pluton ---------------- 77 Chromium deposits------------------------------------ 91 South of Crawfish Inlet pluton _________________ _ 79 Miscellaneous metallic prospects________________________ 92 Redfish Bay area ------------------------------ 81 Ctypsum ---------------------------------------------- 92 Age of contact metamorphism ---------------------- 82 Potassium feldspar ------------------------------------ 92 Discussion --------------------------------------- 83 Miscellaneous nonmetallic deposits -------------------- 92 Contact metamorphic rocks derived from the Kelp Bay (}roup _____________________________________ _ ·Cteologic history ------------------------------------------ 92 85 Paleozoic events--------------------------------------- 92 Aureole of Kasnyku Lake pluton ----------------- 85 Mesozoic events -------------------------------------- 93 Outer aureole ------------------------------- 85 Tertiary events---------------------------------'------- 94 Inner aureole -------------------------------- 85 Quaternary events ------------------------------------ 94 Mixed zone ___________________________________ _ 87 References __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 94 Index ---------------------------------------------------- 99 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates are in pocket] FRONTISPIECE. Rugged interior of Baranof Island west of Carbon Lake. PLATE 1. Reconnaissance geologic map of Chichagof, Baranof, and Kruzof Islands. 2. Map showing major intrusive rocks and major faults of Chicagof, Baranof, Kruzof, and Yakobi Islands. 3. Cteometry of bedding, foliation, fold axes, and lineation in selected domains in Chichagof and Baranof !~lands. 4. Map showing mineral deposits of the Chichagof district and their relations to Tertiary plutonic rocks and to major fault zones. Page FIGURE 1. (}eneralized stratigraphic section for Chichagof, Baranof, and Kruzof Islands ----------------------------------------- 5 2. Nomenclature used in previous reports concerning the stratigraphy of Chichagof,