An Assessment of the Impact of Sabbath School Lesson Study
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ftn Assessment _Qf_The Im pact Of Sabbath School Lesson Study Programme On _Seyenth_Pav Adventist Church Adherents: A Case Study Of Homa-Bav District, Kenya. By James Omondi Onyango A Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirements For The Degree Of Master Of Arts Department Of Religious Studies University Of Nairobi APRIL 2001. of NAIROBI Library DECLARATION This Thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree or diploma in any other university. 3 . 3 h \ r> o o % JAMES OMONDIONYANGO DATE This Thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as University supervisors. \ \ - <=\' DR. P.M. MUMO DATE I ABSTRACT Despite various documented works on Seventh-Day Adventists, there has been no specific study conducted on the impact of Sabbath school lesson study programme on Seventh-Day Adventist Church adherents yet lesson study motif is and continues to be a piliar in the Seventh Day Adventist Church. Without the lesson study, the SDA Church would^more vulnerable to criticisms by non Seventh Day Adventists and would be pushed to the periphery by other denominations. The Seventh-Day Adventist Church has been in Kenya since 1906 yet it is a movement that many people have not understood its tenets, organization and practices. Sabbath school motif in particular, has been misunderstood by many due to misrepresentation and misinterpretation by both Adventists and non-Adventists, as they do not know what it entails. Some critics have argued that Sabbath school lesson study programme is just a brain storming session or interaction of ideas of people and as a result, it has no spiritual consequence and does not stir or arouse faith and strong conviction. The lesson study programme influences lives of Seventh - Day Adventist church members from childhood, youth and adulthood. By reading this work, the reader will be able to see the fruits of Sabbath school lesson study programme and therefore find a reason as to why the programme is crucial in the SDA church. On the ensuing above, it is worth commenting that an unreasonable faith or belief does not stand the test of time, because in the event of new discoveries old beliefs are abandoned altogether in favour of the new discoveries and this renders belief systems or churches volatile. Sabbath school lesson study programme being a well thought out programme caters for spiritual development of SDA church adherents. ii It makes Bible study possible and in fact easier for all classes viz children youth and adults. Through memory verses, bible stories and general discussion on the Word of God Biblical knowledge is imparted to SDA church adherent. Lessons booklets used during lesson study programme systemises bible study making it easier for the students to study the Bible. The work comprises the background to the study, founding of the S D A church in America, origin and development of the Sabbath school lesson study programme, its influences on the Luo of Homa-bay, its impact on children, youth and adults and finally, conclusions and recommendations. The thesis is a result of both secondary and primary data. The secondary data was collected from Jomo Kenyatta memorial library, Maxwell S D A Church Library (Nairobi) and seventh day Adventist East - African union headquarters (Nairobi). The primary data was collected mainly through administration of questionnaires, direct personal interviews as well as group discussions. Informants comprised, Pastors, Sabbath schoolteachers, superintendents, elders and other informed SD A members. The research findings confirmed that the S D A Church its Sabbath School lesson study programme has played a significant role in the disintegration of Luo cultural practices by condemning such customary aspects as initiation, widow inheritance, polygamy, dietary prohibitions and practice of magic. The study has highlighted that it is the Sabbath school lesson study programme which makes Seventh-Day Adventist Church service peculiar, unique, sober, stable and organized compared to other Church services. It is hoped that this thesis is going to open doors to a better understanding of Seventh-Day Adventist Sabbath School lesson study programme. This study among other things shows how the lesson study programme has been used to inculcate moral values to children, youth and adults. The study concludes that Sabbath school lesson study programme is the most popular programme in the SDA church and SDA church members should devote more time to it because it holds the church together as a medium of instruction for the children, youth and adults. It makes Adventist church members become good Bible students who are equipped with scriptural arguments to face any adversaries. iv LIST OF MAPS AND TABLES Map 1 Location of Homa-Bay District ........................................................................................vi Map 2 Administrative Boundaries................................................................................................. vii TABLES I. Relationship between Sabbath School Attendants and Baptism ........................... 130 II. Training of Sabbath School Lesson Teachers in Sabbath Schools Studied 137 ^ri-s;-• r*T - i i 5 | c - A - I r••:*f*r?.--: k^.f v ,’,•»;* *•'3 '*:&.M?^-: ‘ •"' - •.t a? 1 LOCATION OF THE DISTRICT n ^ T z r ^ i ! , v / E T H l 0 P I A HAKBERA Il'H A H A ? IU 6 A NO a \ ,'S:\ t W Ail K / - ' > c ' __^V/ESI POKfll.' \ / SAHBURU ISIDIO Ml (ICS* (O IfiHS t ) - A _ * BiR!KfiC "\ _ ]w/.iW*wv^1 \ T | \ ^sm* 0. V<; , t r ^rrcutil>’ ' o , - y , ^ ! ^ISHU\d I l iMVAMQUU ,tuAMfti , j u u iru i \ * i . ' I D~7M ’-v< -■./ ^ F A ' tharaTa y \ - ^ HHjfl < ,r,~ jTAtHrtijwrf1 n Ki-mu y s v "y 1 a 1 / § 1 CAA1SSA , V T„ l" V - T | ■>EMOtPj' - BII'S W ,^ ' 'v jHCDAIM'g-rtjSb MWlltl ■‘H--L...-1- ^ \ s f KAROl........ k w *hw> V * > > / l ^ - /'iuha'-t r vj— ^)IU«S MARA / ' ^ -^ haimbi A ! f MACHACDS . I T AHA RIVER ^ N /- i \ / ^ /■ i l mot -V IAJIAU 0 \ \ \ h~ \ H Z Y .Inlet national bounckuy ^ ( m m —________ District boundary 7AITA TAVIU t,\ 'MOMBASA Scale :— 1 : 5 000 000 200 ktn L. --- 1 Prepared by D/1.1HS V l Woo No 2 S \ > / / s'rsorea it 35«S ! . /■: v i i acknowledgment First, I am greatly indebted to my supervisors, Dr. P. M. Mumo and Dr. D. W. Waruta for their invaluable advice, guidance and close supervision. I acknowledge their criticisms, and comments in the process of writing this thesis. I would also like to extend my gratitude to pastors J. Okelo, J. Othoo of the seventh - Day Adventist East African Union headquarters, Nairobi for their encouragement, and also for allowing me to use literature in their library where I got a lot of materials for this thesis. Special thanks also go to brother Caleb, Deacon Maxwell S D A Church (Nairobi) who introduced me to Maxwell Church library. I would also like to thank 3omo Kenyatta Memorial Library Staff for the cooperation they showed during my literature review in the library. I am also grateful to Vision Enterprises, for assisting me in typing this work by use of their computer. Their willingness to read my handwriting, and even to make spelling and typographic::! corrections on this work where they found necessary proved invaluable. I also received crucial advice from others such as my colleagues in M. A degree course, like K. Otsola and P. Wenje, friends and relatives. To my beloved wife, R. Omondi, a teacher and mother to our son S. Onyango, I cannot be more thankful. Her hard work and encouragement contributed greatly towards completion of this thesis. VIH To my loving son S. Onyango who constantly complained about dad spending too much time on studies and not playing with him, " Your complaints and cries gave me impetus to complete this thesis." It is not possible to list all those who assisted me in one way or another during the difficult moments of putting this work together I say "Thank you all". IX DEDICATION TO MY PARENTS SILA ONYANGO AND ESTHER OYUGA x TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Declaration................................................................................................................................................(i) Abstract........................................................................................................................................................(ii) List of maps and tables.....................................................................................................................(v) Map 1...........................................................................................................................................................(vi) Map 2.......................................................................................................................................................... (vii) Acknowledgments. ........................................................................................................................... (viii) Dedication............................................................................. (x) CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of the Problem.................. .....................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives of the Study...... ......................................................................................................3 1.3 Rationale for the Study............................................................................................................. 4 1.4 Literature Review ............................. 5 1.5 Theoretical Framework.........................................................................................................