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A Re·Examination of John Shirley's Collection of Tasmanian Lichens

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A Re·Examination of John Shirley's Collection of Tasmanian Lichens und of/he Royal Volume 122(2 191-!1-! A RE·EXAMINATION OF JOHN SHIRLEY'S COLLECTION OF TASMANIAN LICHENS by Gintaras Kantvilas (with one table and one KANTVILAS, G" 19SR (31:x): A fe-examination of John Shirley's collection of Tasmanian lichens, Pap. Proc. R, Fasm. 122(2): 59-67, ISSN 0080~l703. Department of Botany, University of Tasmania, G.P,O. Box Hohart, Tasmania, Anstralia 7()() I. The Tasmanian lichen collection of John Shirley (1849-1922) (housed in the Queensland HerhJrimn) examined and fe·determined, Two new combinations, RillOdil1i1 aspcrata (Shirley) KantviJas and Pv!'cl1u!a goidc/iflll (Shirley) Kantvilas, are proposed, and !ectotypes are sel up for Bacidiil weymouthii (Shirley) Zahlhr. and Pyrenu/a ch!oropiaca Shirley from authentic material. Several lichen records are based on misidentifications and are deleted from the checldist of Tasmanian lichens, Key Words: Shirley, lichens, Tasmania. INTRODUCTION Shirley's association with Tasmania in 1892 when he visited Hobart for a meeting of the John Francis Shirley was born in Dorchester, AAAS, held on 7-16 January, There he studied England, on 11 lR49 and died in Brisbane, plants on ne3rby Mt Wellington and made the Australia, on 5 April 1922, He with a acquaintance of William Anderson one Bachelor of .science degree from the University of of the leading amateur botanists in London where he qualified as a teacher. In 1878, he Tasmania at that time (Kantvilas 1983). In the same to Queensland and was appointed year, he became a corresponding member of the headmaster at Roma 111 the south of the colony, He Royal of Tasmania. His first paper 011 became a school in 1879, a position Tasmanian lichens was a checklist, from which enabled him to travel widely and which earlier literature (Shirley 1893); his second complemented his love of the outdoors and his 1894), based on his own and Weymouth's interests in natural histury, He soon became a collections, represents a contribution to prominent figure in Australian scientific circles and Tasmanian lichenology. In it he described seven ultimately became a member of many scientific new and one variety, and recorded 47 societies including the Australasian Association for additional from Tasmania, 13 for the first the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the Royal time, Society of Queensland, the Queensland Field The bulk of colleclion of Tasmanian Naturalists, ~nd the Linnaean of New South lichens is housed in the Queensland Herbarium Wales, He published over 40 papers on (BRl) but additional are also knO\Vll zoology and His major work from the National Herbarium of New South Wales was "The Lichen Flora of Queensland" (Shirlcy (NSW), National Herbarium of Victoria (MEL), 1888-90) which established him as one of and the Conservatoire et ,brdin Botamquc Gcnevc Australia's foremost licilenologislS. His dedication (G), The lichens are rnounted in a album also to is perhaps best demonstrated the and ferns. which is fact that whilst on long-service leave he studied entitled ''Tasmanian Plants Collected on the this for a Doctor of Science degree at and Summit of Mt Wellington, 1892" He his doctorate in 1912 (plate I). Although most of the are from age of 63) and his thesis, entitled "The Mt Wellington, a few, especially the lichens, are thallus of the genus Parmeliu" was from other Tasmanian localities, e.g. Tasman published in Tasmania 1918, see also Peninsula, Bellcrive and Henly River. and represent Basset HuH 1923, White 1Q22). collections given to Shirley by Weymouth, In fact, 60 G. Kantvilas PLATE 1 Selected pages from Shirley's album of Tasmanian lichens, annotated in his own handwriting. Weymouth is also responsible for more than half of encroachment of the suburbs of Hobart, at least in the Mt Wellington lichen collections. The order of the foothills. Accurate historical t10ristic data, the lichen specimens in the albtim, and their particularly on lichens, will aid in assessing the annotations, exactly follow Shirley's paper in severity of these changes. 1894, leaving no doubt that this is the In the present paper, results of a re­ collection of specimens upon which the work was examination and fe-determination of Shirley's based. lichen collection are reported. The collection is an extremely valuable and important historical resource in Tasmanian lichcnology. Firstly, it contains several type MATERIALS AND METHODS specimens of endemic Tasmanian taxa. Scveral of the new records in the collection are unusual and Lichens from Shirley's collection were re­ suspect (e.g. Sphaerophorus fi'agilis) but were examined in the light of recent studies made on the maintained in subsequent Tasmanian checklists, Tasmanian lichen flora (Kantvilas 1985, KantviJas e.g. Wetmore (1963) and Filson (1986b). Finally, & James 1987), and present-day accounts from the collection represents information on the lichcn Australasia and the Northern Hemisphere. t10ra of Mt Wellington for the period up to 1892. Identifications were checked where possible Massive changes in the area's vegetation have against type specimens, type descriptions and/or occurred since that time as a result of at least three reliably identified material. Thin-layer chromato­ wildfireS (the first in the summer of 1897-·98, graphy was undertaken using standard methods W. D. Jackson, pers. comm.) and the gradual (Culberson 1972). John Shirley's collection of Tasmanian lichens 61 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION (6) Sphaerophoron tenerum Laurer = Sphaerophorus tener Laurer The order of species in the following discussion is that adopted by Shirley (1894), and in (7) Baeomyces heteromorphus Nyl. ex his mounted collection. Species are listed under Church. Bab. & Mitten Shirley's original nomenclature. Results are summarised in table 1, giving currently accepted (8) Stereocaulon ramulosum (Swartz) names. Rauschel The specimen contains atranorin and perlato­ (1) Leptogium chloromelum var. granulare lic acid and is typical of the species in Tasmania. Mtill. Arg. The specimen has an indistinct, small, (9) Stereocaulon proximum var. macro­ squamulose thallus and apothecia with sparsely carpio ides (Nyl.) Hue ciliate margins. Spores are simple, 17.5-22 x This taxon was considered synonymous with 9.5-11 11m with a warted epispore. The specimen is S. ramulosum by Lamb (1977). Shirley's specimen clearly Psoroma hypnorum (Vahl) S.F. Gray contains atranorin and perlatolic acid and falls aggr., differing from Northern Hemisphere within the range of this variable species. material of that name (see J!iirgensen 1978) chiefly in the smaller spores. As Shirley's is the only (10) & (11) record of this species of Leptogium from Tasmania, These specimens have been excised from it can now be confidently deleted from the Shirley's album some time in the past and could checklist. not be checked. They can be referred to Cladia aggregata (Swartz) Nyl., and C. schizopora (Nyl.) (2) Calicium victoriae C. Knight ex F. Nyl. respectively, both of which are widespread in Wilson Tasmania. Although in very poor condition, the specimen accords with the original description (12)-(22) Cladonia spp. (Wilson 1889). The species is now known as These 11 specimens have also been removed Mycocalicium victoriae (c. Knight ex F. Wilson) from the album, leaving only the bases of the cut Tibell (Tibell 1984, 1987). pages. Cladonia in Australia is currently under revision (by Dr A. W. Archer, Sydney), and it is (3) Sphaerophoron compressum Ach. likely that many of Shirley's names will ultimately The specimen contains stictic and cons tic tic be deleted from the Tasmanian checklist. acids and sphaerophorin (by tic) and accords with Sphaerophorus melanocarpus (Swartz) DC., in (23) Usnea dasypogoides Nyl. ex Crombie every respect. The specimen contains usnic and salazinic (4) Sphaerophoron corallo ides Pers. acids and has sparsely pseudocyphellate and pseudoisidiate branch tips. It is provisionally This specimen has flattened main branches, referred to Usnea arida Motyka in the sense of veiled ventral mazaedia and brown spores, 12 11m Kantvilas & James (1987) and Galloway (1985), diameter. It contains sphaerophorin and proto­ although in general the genus is still very poorly cetraric acid (by tic) and is Sphaerophoros insignis known in Australia. Laurer, a common Tasmanian species. (24) Stictina cinnamomea Rich. [= Pseudo­ (5) Sphaerophoron fragile Pers. cyphellaria cinnamomea (A. Rich.) Vainiol Ohlsson (1974) regards Sphaerophorus Shirley's specimen has sparse marginal fragi/is as a Northern Hemisphere arctic/alpine phyllidia, lacks a well-developed midrib on the species and hence Shirley's record is unusual. The lower surface, and accords with Pseudocyphellaria diminutive BRI specimen is in very poor condition, dissimilis (Nyl.) D. Galloway & P. James. These possesses cephalodia and contains atranorin and two species are easily confused (Galloway 1985) perlatolic acid. There is no doubt that it is a and although P. cinnamomea (A. Rich.) Vainio was juvenile Stereocaulon, probably S. ramulosum, and often reported in early Tasmanian literature (as thus Sphaerophorus fragi/is should now be deleted Stictina cinnamomea), I have yet to see any from the Tasmanian checklist. Tasmanian material of this species. 02 C. Kan/vilas TABLE 1. Results of re-examination of Shirley's Tasmanian specimens Code: 1 -- status unchanged; 2 ._. nomenclatural :3 .- re-determination. Shirley's detemlillatioll (1894) New determination or name 3 IPlJlfI''''''lm ch/ommcium vaL granulare MulL Psoroma hypnolum (Yah!.) S.F. Gray aggr 2 Caliciurn victoriat' Knight Mycocalicium victorjae (Knightj Tibell 3 Sphaerophoron compl'essurn Aeh. melanocarpus DC. 3 Sphaerophoron coral/oide.l' Pers. insignis Laurer 3 Pers. Stereocaulon ramu/osum (Swartz) Riiu;chel J Sphaerophoron rene rum Laurer iJaeomyces Ny\. ex Church. Bab. & Mitten Stereocau/ofl ramuioslim (Swartz) Rauschel 2 var. macrocarpioides Stereucau[on ramlilosum (Swartz) Rliuschel 3 Usnea ?Usnea arida :3 Sficlina cinnamomea Rich. Pseudocypheliaria dissimilis D. & P. James 3 Stictafreycinetii Delise 3 Sticta dissimulata & P. James 2 Duf. (Delise) M.alme 3 Stfcta ji.Jssuiala var. billard/erei (Delise) Rasiinen I Porme/ia tenuirima Parmelia tenuirima J.D.
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