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Supporting Document A2 Supporting Document A2 Baseline Study Reference List (KHS, 2004) Environmental Baseline Reference List page 1 SOILS Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size Analysis Other Analysis Arsenic Pollution in the 1982 T.C. Hutchinson, Yellowknife area, Giant Mine Corer (0-2, 2-4, 4-6 24 locations Metals Vegetation Yellowknife Area from Gold S. Aufreiter, and cm depths) Smelter Activities R.G.V. Hancock Evaluation of Surface 1998 EBA Engineering Giant Mine property and Surface and 0.2 Year 1 - 91 sites on mine CN, pH, N, Cu, Surface runoff Contamination Data, Giant Consultants controls sites metres below grade property and 3 control Ni, Zn, As, Pb, and standing Mine Site, Yellowknife, N.W.T Limited sites in Yellowknife (188 oil and grease water 4 year study samples) Year 2 - 31 locations of SWEP leachate previously high As extraction Year 3 - 50 locations previously sampled Year 4 – 8 sample sites (control sites) Arsenic Contamination of the 1999 C.A. Ollson City of Yellowknife, Con Mine Surface grab 32 locations around City Metals, Sediment and Terrestrial and Freshwater area, Kam Lake, Rat Lake, samples with scoop of Yellowknife, 42 Leachate tests water Environment Impacted by Yellowknife Bay, Frame Lake, locations around the Con Gold Mining Operations, Range Lake, Meg Lake, Keg Mine property – including Yellowknife, NWT Lake, Peg Lake, Great Slave tailings Outflow Environmental Study of 2000 Environmental Ingraham Trail and Giant Surface, plastic 28 – Ingraham Trail Inorganic Arsenic Contamination from Sciences Group, Mine Townsite scoop 24 – Giant Mine Townsite elements the Giant Mine, Yellowknife, Royal Military Northwest Territories; Part I College of Canada Characterization of Arsenic in 2000 C.A. Ollson, I. Giant Townsite and along Surface, plastic Focus on 17 of original Sequential Solid Phase Samples Koch, K.J. Reimer, Ingraham Road scoop 25 samples selective Collected on the Giant Mine S.R. Walker, H.E. extraction, Townsite, Yellowknife, NWT, Jamieson gastric fluid extraction, mineralogical analysis Risk Characterization of 2001 G. Stephens, A. Akaitcho Territory ? 52 samples Speciation of Berries Arsenic Exposure from Armstrong, L. As Consumption of Berries in the Chan, O. Akaitcho Territory Receveur, B. Dabeka, and W. Hendershot prepared by: J. Hovdebo Nov. 2004 Environmental Baseline Reference List page 2 Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size Analysis Other Analysis Arsenic Levels In the 2001 Environmental Tailings, mill site, Baker Surface – trowel 295 – reports historic Metals, Sediments Yellowknife Area: Sciences Group, Creek, Yellowknife Bay, City data – analyzed in principle Distinguishing Between Royal Military of Yellowknife, along batches of up to 36 (28 component Natural and Anthropogenic College of Canada Ingraham Road, Ndilo, samples, 2 blanks, 4 analysis, Inputs Dettah, duplicates, 2 reference material) Does not distinguish soil samples from sediment samples Giant Mine Site Soil Arsenic 2004 Golder Associates Giant Mine Site Arsenic in Soil Assessment, Yellowknife, Ltd. NWT SOILS (cont) prepared by: J. Hovdebo Nov. 2004 Environmental Baseline Reference List page 3 VEGETATION Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size Analysis Other Analysis Arsenic in Sediments, Water 1978 Wagemann, R., Chitty, Likely, Kam, 15 samples over 4 months, variable species for Arsenic Water, and Aquatic Biota from Lakes N.B. Snow, Grace, and Keg Lakes each lake sediment, in the Vicinity of Yellowknife, D.M. and Northwest Territories, Canada Rosenberg and benthos A. Lutz Arsenic Pollution in the 1982 T.C. Yellowknife area, Giant Hand – 9 sites – alder (Alnus crispa), paper birch (Betula Metals Soils Yellowknife Area from Gold Hutchinson, S. Mine washed and papyrifera), fireweed (Epilobium angustifolium), Smelter Activities Aufreiter, and uwashed black spruce (Picea mariana), jack pine (Pinus R.G.V. banksiana), crowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea) Hancock Arsenic Bioaccumulation and 1994 W.T. Meg, Keg, Peg Lakes, Hand 47 samples – 26-Typhia latifolia, 13- As, Fe, Cu, Sediment Toxicity of Aquatic Dushenko, D.A. Yellowknife Bay, Kam sampled, Potamogeton pectinatus, 3-Equisetum fluviatile, Mn, Zn – and water Macrophytes Exposed to Bright and K.J. Lake, Grace Lake, rinsed 3-Myriophyllum exalbscens, 1-Trichlogon roots/shoots, Gold-Mine Effluent: Reimer Madeline Lake palustre, 1-Sparganium sp. concentration Relationships with factors Environmental Partitioning, Metal Uptake and Nutrients Arsenic and Antimony 1998 I. Koch Kam Lake, Baker Creek Hand 13 samples total of horsetail, cattail, milfoil, Sb and As Water, Species in the Terrestrial (marsh and mill area), sampled duckweed, burweed, pondweed speciation, sediment, Environment Niven Lake, Yellowknife 5 samples of algae mats different benthos, Bay June and 7 samples of mosses digestion algae, and August 14 samples of fungi and mushrooms methods fish tissue sampling Arsenic Levels in Berries and 1999 E. Davey, D. Baker Creek, Ingraham As set out 21 samples – raspberry (Rubus idaeus), As, human Soils from the Yellowknives Maxwell, G. Trail, Yellowknife Bay by cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus), blueberry consumption Dene First Nation Traditional Stephens, area, Mac Lake, Enodah, laboratory (Vaccinium ovalifolium), cranberry (Vaccinium assessment Territory Elders MacKay Lake, City of staff vitis-idaea), rose hip (Rosa acicularus), Yellowknife area gooseberry (Ribes lacustre) Risk Characterization of 2001 G. Stephens, A. Akaitcho Territory ? 12 samples Speciation of Soils Arsenic Exposure from Armstrong, L. As, human Consumption of Berries in the Chan, O. consumption Akaitcho Territory Receveur, B. assessment Dabeka, and W. Hendershot prepared by: J. Hovdebo Nov. 2004 Environmental Baseline Reference List page 4 Heavy Metal Analyses of Wild 2001 J. Obst, W. 550 x 200km area ? 40 locations – 15 species of mushrooms 27 elements, Edible Mushrooms in the Coedy, R.G. centering around the City human North Great Slave Lake Bromely of Yellowknife consumption Region, Northwest Territories assessment Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size Analysis Other Analysis Arsenic Species in Terrestrial 2000 I. Koch, L. Giant Mine Property Picked by Lichen, puffball (Lycoperdon pyriforme), shaggy As speciation Fungi and Lichens from Wang, K.J. tailings ponds hand, mane mushroom (Coprinus comatus) other Yellowknife, NWT, Canada Reimer, and washed and samples collected on Con Mine property W.R. Cullen rinsed Antimony Species in 2000 I. Koch, L. Yellowknife Bay, Giant Sampled by 15 samples – moss (Funaria hygrometrica and Antimony Snails, Environmental Samples Wang, J. Mine Tailings area, Kam hand, Drepanocladus sp.) cattail (Typha latifolia) bur- speciation water Feldmann, P. Lake, Niven Lake washed, marigold (Bidens cernua), duckweed (Lemna Andrewes, K.J. and rinsed minor), water milfoil (Myriophyllum sp.) Reimer, and Richardson’s pondweed (Potomogetan W.R. Cullen richardsonii), bur-reed (Sparganium augustifolium), lichen, pixie cup (Cladonia sp.) puffball (Lycoperdon sp.) and shaggy mane (Coprinus comatus) Biological Sampling at Baker 2002 Dillon 2 upstream and 2 Sampled by Triplicate samples – Carex aquatilis (upstream), Biological and Water, Creek – Summary Report Consulting downstream locations on hand Equisetum hyemale (downstream) chemical sediment, Limited Baker Creek (stems and analysis benthos foliage) VEGETATION (cont) prepared by: J. Hovdebo Nov. 2004 Environmental Baseline Reference List page 5 WATER Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size Analysis Other Analysis Biological Effects of 1973 M.R. Falk, M.D. Effluent stream and Grab sample 20 stations Heavy metals Fish toxicity, fish Mining Wastes in the Miller and S.J.M. receiving environment of and basic water tissue, sediments Northwest Territories Kostiuk Giant Mine chemistry and benthos measurements in the field Aspects of Evaporation 1973 Wight, J.B. Baker Creek Meteorological and Evapotranspiration Data in the Water Balance of Baker Creek Basin, Near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories The Effects of Metal 1978 J.W. Moore, S.J. - Baker Creek – one station Van Dorn bottle at - 2 stations Nutrient and Benthos, Mining on Aquatic Wheeler, and D.J. 2 km upstream of effluent surface and 10m depth - 10 stations (1976), metals sediments and Ecosystems in the NWT Sutherland discharge, one station 1 km intervals. - 24 transects (every 2 fish tissue II. Giant Yellowknife downstream weeks from June 1976 to Mines Ltd. - Yellowknife and Back Bays March 1977) Arsenic in Sediments, 1978 Wagemann, R., Kam and Grace Lakes Surface grab sample Once a month (16 Trace metals Aquatic Water and Aquatic Biota N.B. Snow, D.M. samples each) vegetation, from Lakes in the Vicinity Rosenberg and A. sediments, and of Yellowknife, Lutz benthos Northwest Territories, Canada Arsenic Transport in a 1994 D.A. Bright, B. Meg, Keg and Peg Lakes, Surface grab sample One site at each lake Organic and Sediment Watershed Receiving Coedy, W.T. Yellowknife Bay, Grace and inorganic Gold Mine Effluent near Dushenko, K.J. Kam Lakes arsenicals Yellowknife, Northwest Reimer Territories, Canada Arsenic in Subarctic 1994 D.A. Bright, M. Kam Lake, Grace Lake, Surface grab samples One sample at each lake Inorganic and Sediment and Lakes Influenced by Dodd, and K.J. Meg Lake, Peg Lake, Keg organic porewater Gold Mine Effluent: The Reimer Lake, and Yellowknife Bay arsenicals Occurrence or Organoarsenicals and ‘Hidden’ Arsenic prepared by: J. Hovdebo Nov. 2004 Environmental Baseline Reference List page 6 Title Date Author(s) Location Methods Sample Size
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