HSC Web Site: http://www.hollywoodstampclub.com/ HSC SETARO, HOLLYWOOD STAMP CLUB DIGITAL HSC Editor HOLLYWOOD EDITION 14 August 12, PHILATELIST 2020 INDEX Milky Way Galaxy on US SURFACE MAIL IS Stamps …..…. Page 7 BACK? ….. Page 4 RUSSIA’s TRANS

SIBERIAN RAILWAY on

STAMPS .. Page 2

RAIN on STAMPS … Page 8

END OF WW II OCCUPA- TION STAMPS Page 5&6

Movies Studios on stamps …….. Page 3 C-130 Hercules Aircraft P. 9

1 HSC Web Site: http://www.hollywoodstampclub.com/ HSC SETARO, HOLLYWOOD STAMP CLUB DIGITAL HSC Editor HOLLYWOOD EDITION 14 PHILATELIST August 1, 2020

RUSSIA’s TRANS SIBERIAN 1916. Expansion of the railway is still tak- Today the Trans-Siberian Railway carries ing place today, with connecting rails going about 200,000 containers per year to Eu- RAILWAY on STAMPS into Mongolia, China and North Korea. rope. Russian Railways intends to at least The Trans-Siberian Railway is a network Before WW I and between WWI and II mail double the volume of container traffic on of railways connecting Moscow with or packages sent from Europe to the Far the Trans-Siberian and is developing a fleet the Russian Far East. With a length of Esat (China and Japan) would go “VIA SI- of specialised cars and increasing terminal 9,289 kilometres (5,772 miles), from Mos- BERIA” using this train. Germany would capacity at the ports by a factor of 3 to 4. cow to Vladivostok, it is the 3rd longest send many letter to Japan Via Siberia. This By 2010, the volume of traffic between railway line in the world. was very convenient because commercial Russia and China could reach 60 million tons (54 million tones), most of which will The railway was built between 1891 and aircraft could not cover these long dis- go by the Trans-Siberian. 1916 under the supervision of Russian gov- tance. ernment ministers personally appointed by With perfect coordination of the participat- Tsar Alexander III and his son, the Tsare- ing countries' railway authorities, a vich Nicholas (later Tsar Nicholas II). Even trainload of containers can be taken from before it had been completed, it attracted Beijing to Hamburg, via the Trans- travelers who wrote of their adven- Mongoli- tures. The Trans-Siberian Railway has con- an and nected Moscow with Vladivostok since Trans- Siberian

lines in as little as 15 days, but typi- cal cargo The Trans-Siberian line remains the most transit times are usually significantly long- important transport link within Russia; er and typical cargo transit time from Japan around 30% of Russian exports travel on to major destinations in European Russia the line. While it attracts many foreign was reported as around 25 days. https:// tourists, it gets most of its use from do- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans- mestic passengers. Siberian_Railway#Today

2 Movies Studios on stamps following year, MGM wholly acquired UAMG ror remake) carry a United and folded it into MGM Television. Artists copyright. The first Corporation (UA), currently arthouse film to bear the doing business as United Artists Digital Stu- United Artists was revived UA name was Things You dios, is an American television digital pro- Can Tell Just by Looking duction company. yet again in 2018 as Unit- at Her. United Artists Founded in 1919 hired Bingham Ray to run by D. W. Grif- ed Artists Digital Studi- the company on September 1, 2001. Under fith, Charlie Chap- his supervision, the company produced and lin, Mary Pickford, os. Mirror, the joint distribution venture between MGM distributed many art films, includ- and Douglas Fair- ing Bowling for Columbine, 2002's Nicholas banks, the studio and Annapurna Pictures was renamed as United Artists Releasing in early February Nickleby, and the winner of that was premised on allowing year's Academy Award for Best Foreign actors to control their own 2019 just in time for UA's 100th anniver- sary. In 1999, UA was repositioned as a Language Film, No interests, rather than being Man's Land; and dependent upon commercial specialty studio. MGM had just ac- 2004's Undertow, studios. UA was repeatedly and Hotel Rwanda, quired The Samuel bought, sold, and restruc- a co-production of tured over Goldwyn Company, which had been a UA and Lions Gate the ensuing Entertainment, and made deals with com- century. Metro-Goldwyn- leading distributor of arthouse films. panies like American Zoe- Mayer acquired the studio trope and Revolution Films. Ray stepped in 1981 for a reported After that name was retired, MGM folded UA down from the company in 2004. In 2005, $350 million ($1 billion a partnership of Comcast, Sony and several today). into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures. G2 Films, the re- merchant banks bought United Artists and On September 22, 2014, named Goldwyn Company its parent, MGM, for $4.8 billion. Though MGM acquired a control- and MGM's specialty London only a minority investor, Sony closed MGM's ling interest in entertain- operations, was renamed distribution system and folded most of its ment companies One Three Media United Artists International. staff into its own studio. and Lightworkers Media, then merged them The distributorship, brand- The movies UA had com- to revive United ing, and copyrights for two pleted and planned for Artists' TV produc- of UA's main franchises release Capote, Art tion unit as United (Pink Panther, and Rocky) were moved to School Confidential, The Artists Media MGM, although select MGM releases Woods, and Romance and Group (UAMG). (notably the James Bond franchise co-held Cigarettes were reas- However, on De- with Danjaq, LLC and the Amityville Hor- signed to Sony Pictures cember 14 of the Classics. ©

3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Artists#Public_company US SURFACE MAIL IS BACK? quired for unloading, customs clearance account), Globegistics (now owned by and road transit should be considered. The Asendia), and APC Postal Logistics. In 2007, the US Postal table below outlines a typical sea transit Service discontinued its It seems that the USPS is tanking ad- delivery cycle that begins upon arrival to vantage of this infrastructure that was cre- outbound international the destined port: 14 days. surface mail ("sea mail") ated privately after it decided to cancel Sur- service, mainly because The first 0f such shipments happened on faced Mail in 2007. of increased costs. Re- April 20th. Asendia Management SAS is an interna- turned undeliverable sur- These service disruptions affect Priority tional mail joint venture of French La face parcels had become an expensive Mail Express International® (PMEI), Priority Poste and Swiss Post. The company acts problem for the USPS, since it was often Mail International® (PMI), First-Class Mail under the required to take such parcels back. International® (FCMI), First-Class Package brand However, it seems that because of the International Service® (FCPIS® ), Interna- "Asendia by Global COVID-19, the US Postal Service has tional Priority Airmail® (IPA® ), Interna- La Poste & gone 'Back-to-the Future" here. This came tional Surface Air Lift® (ISAL® ), and M- Swiss Post". from the USPS Web Page. Bag® items. Alternate transit options The society's will remain in effect until sufficient air activity covers all international mail solu- "April 29, 2020 COVID-19 CONTINUITY transportation capacity becomes tions, including the dispatch and delivery of OF OPERATIONS UPDATE INTERNATIONAL available. The Postal Service™ is closely mail, catalogues, press and small goods. SERVICE IMPACT ALTERNATE TRANSPORT: monitoring the situation and will continue SECOND AIR TO SEA DIVERSION in Ef- to update customers until the situation re- fect On April 27, 2020, a second sea turns to normal. “ Founded in 2001, APC Postal Logistics is transport departed with volume from the a leading Chicago, JFK, and Miami International Ser- Alternatives to international surface mail consolidator vice Centers and is estimated to arrive at include: International Surface Air and distribu- Lift (ISAL). The service includes neither the Rotterdam (Netherlands) port on May tor of inter- 15, 2020. Sea route arrival dates are not tracking nor insurance; but it may be possi- national parcels and mail, providing a full exact and may vary depending on weather ble to purchase shipping insurance from a range of shipping and mailing solutions to related events and queuing at port of arri- third-party company. volume mailers and e-commerce clients. val. The vessel is carrying 6,382 receptacles Senders can access the International Sur- For more info see this Web Page: in six (6) containers weighing 33,593 kilo- face Air Lift and ePacket services through grams. It is serving mail destined to: postal wholesalers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Austria Denmark Hungary Poland Surface_mail Some examples of such wholesalers in- Sweden Czech Republic Finland clude: https://www.asendia.com/ Netherlands Spain Switzerland (Geneva and Zurich) When calculating esti- Asendia USA (accessible through the Ship- https://www.apc-pli.com/ mated delivery times, additional days re- po website to users who have an Asendia

4 END OF WW II OCCUPATION France, Germany, Italy, and Japan, as well AMG FOR GERMANY STAMPS as the particulars of each situation. AMG ISSUES 1945-46 three In most of the countries stamps were is- printings: Brunswick, Wash- German forces in Italy surrender: On 29 sued by the AMG (Allied Military Govern- ington, and London. From 1 April, Oberstleutnant Schweinitz and Sturm- ment}. pF to 1 mark ( Scott 3N1— bannführer Wenner, plenipotentiaries for AMG ISSUES FOR AUSTRIA 20). There are some Imperf. Generaloberst Heinrich von Vietinghoff and Sets. SS Obergruppenführer Karl Wolff, signed a In 1945 17 stamps were is- surrender document at Caserta after pro- sued Unwmk. longed unauthorized secret negotiations Litho. Perl. 11, with the Western Allies, which were viewed from 1 g. to 5 with great suspicion by the Soviet Union as s. Scott 4N1 to 4N17. In 1946 trying to reach a separate peace. 16 of these stamps were At 02:41 on the morning of 7 May, at overprinted “PORTO” for SHAEF headquarters in Reims, France, the postage due uses. [Scott J189 ISSUE FOR JAPAN Chief-of-Staff of the German Armed Forc- -203] es High Command, General Alfred Jodl, AMG ISSUES FOR FRANCE The Allied occupation of Japan at the end signed an unconditional surrender docu- of World War II was led by Gen- ment for all German forces to the Allies. In 1944, Oct. 9 10 stamps eral Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Com- General Franz Böhme announced the un- were issued from 5 c. to 10 mander of the Allied Powers, conditional surrender of German troops in Fr. (Scott with support from the British Common- Norway on 7 May. It included the phrase 475 to 476H) wealth. The country continued to use its "All forces under German control to cease Litho Perf 11. On 1945, own stamps. The British Commonwealth active operations at 2301 hours Central Eu- Feb. 12 these stamps were Occupation Force (BCOF) was the British ropean Time on May 8, 1945." issued again but with face Commonwealth taskforce consisting values in black. (Scott 523A of Australian, British, Indian and New Zea- Japan. The surrender of Imperial Ja- to J). land military forces in occupied Japan, from pan was announced by Japanese Emperor 21 February 1946 until the end of occupa- Hirohito on August 15 and formally signed tion in 1952. At its peak, the BCOF com- on September 2, 1945, bringing the hostili- AMG FOR ITALY prised about 40,000 personnel, equal to ties of World War II to a close. By the end For Napoli in 1943 Dec 13, 3 about 25% of the number of US military of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Na- Italian stamps were overprint- personnel in Japan. vy (IJN) was incapable of conducting major ed “GOVERNO MILITARE ALLEATO”. Scott operations and an Allied invasion of Ja- For the American troops, to send letters or 1N10 –13) pan was imminent. PCards, they could used US stamps and the For Sicily in 1943 9 stamps from 15 c. to 10 APO/FPO of the units to which they part of We will show the various stamp sets issued lire were issued (Scott 1N1 to 1N9) by the Allies in each country: Austria, >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Cont. page 5

5 END OF WW II OCCUPATION STAMPS Cont from P. 4. The troops from the BCOF used stamps from Australia with the overprint “BCOF JAPAN 1946” Perf. 14 'hx14, 15x14, 11 'h, 13'hx13 thay are listed under Mili-

tary Stamps 1946-47, 1/2 p. to 5 Sh.

(Scott M1 to M7 (7). Mint and used AMG stamps from all these countries are easy to find and, generally, easy to find and at reasonable costs. However these stamp on covers or postcards are not easy to find, particu- larly those with high face values, and com- mand high prices. Partic- GREAT BRITAIN ularly those SWASTIKA STAMP with Australi- In 1965 Great Britain issued a set of 8 stamps an stamps and ‘BCOF JAPAN 1946’ over- print.

6 Milky Way Galaxy on Stamps may span as itself a component much as 2 of the Laniakea Su- The Milky Way is million light percluster. the galaxy that years. The Spiral Arms contains our Solar Solar System System, with the is located at Outside the gravita- name describing a radius of about 27,000 light-years from tional influence of the galaxy's ap- the Galactic Center, on the inner edge of the Galactic bar, pearance the Orion Arm, one of the spiral-shaped con- the structure of the from Earth: a hazy band of light seen in centrations of gas and dust. The stars in the interstellar medium the night sky formed from stars that cannot be innermost 10,000 light-years form a bulge and and stars in the disk of the Milky Way is orga- individually distinguished by the naked eye. The one or more bars that radiate from the bulge. nized into four spiral arms. Spiral arms typically term Milky Way is a translation of the Latin via The galactic center is an intense radio source contain a higher density of interstellar gas and lactea, from the Greek γαλαξίας known as Sagittarius A*, a supermassive black dust than the Galactic average as well as a κύκλος (galaxías kýklos, hole of 4.100 (± 0.034) million solar masses. greater concentration of star formation, as "milky circle"). From Earth, traced by H II regions and molecular clouds. the Milky Way appears as Stars and gases at a wide a band because its disk- range of distances from The Milky Way's spiral structure is uncertain, shaped structure is viewed the Galactic Center orbit and there is currently no consensus on the na- from within. Galileo Gali- at approximately 220 kilo- ture of the Milky Way's spiral arms. Perfect log- lei first resolved the band meters per second. The arithmic spiral patterns only crudely describe of light into individual stars constant rotation speed features near the Sun, because galaxies com- with his telescope in 1610. Until the early contradicts the laws monly have arms that branch, merge, twist un- 1920s, most astronomers thought that the of Keplerian dynam- Milky Way contained all the stars in ics and suggests that the Universe. Following the 1920 Great De- much (about 90%) of bate between the astronomers Harlow Shap- the mass of the Milky ley and Heber Curtis, observations by Edwin Way is invisible to telescopes, neither emitting Hubble showed that the Milky Way is just one nor absorbing electromagnetic radiation. This of many galaxies. conjectural mass has been termed "dark mat- ter". The rotational period is about 240 million The Milky Way is years at the radius of the Sun. The Milky Way expectedly, and feature a degree of irregulari- a barred spiral as a whole is moving at a velocity of approxi- ty. The possible scenario of the Sun within a galaxy with an mately 600 km per second with respect to ex- spur / Local arm emphasizes that point and in- estimated visible tragalactic frames of reference. The oldest stars dicates that such features are probably not diameter be- in the Milky Way are nearly as old as the Uni- unique, and exist elsewhere in the Milky tween 170,000 verse itself and thus probably formed shortly Way. Estimates of the pitch angle of the arms and 200,000 light after the Dark Ages of the Big Bang. -years. It is estimated to contain 100–400 bil- range from about 7° to 25°. There are thought lion stars and at least that number of planets. The Milky Way has several satellite galaxies and to be four spiral arms that all start near the The dark matter halo around the Milky Way is part of the Local Group of galaxies, which Milky Way's center. © form part of the Virgo Supercluster, which is 7 RAIN on STAMPS as rainfall along tinent. The globally averaged annual precipita- the sides of moun- tion over land is 715 mm (28.1 in), but over the Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that tains. On the lee- whole Earth it is much higher at 990 mm have condensed from atmospheric water va- ward side of (39 in). Climate classification systems such as por and mountains, desert the Köppen then become climates can exist classifica- heavy enough to due to the dry air tion system fall under gravi- caused by use average ty. Rain is a ma- downslope flow annual rainfall jor component which causes heat- to help differ- of the water cy- entiate be- cle and is responsible for depositing most of tween differ- the fresh water on the Earth. It provides suita- ing and drying of ing climate ble conditions for many types of ecosystems, as the air mass. The regimes. well as water for hydroelectric power movement of Twenty-four-hour rainfall accumulation on the plants and crop irrigation. the monsoon trough, Val d'Irène radar in Eastern Canada. Zones or intertropical con- Some people enjoy the rain, others just without data in the east and southwest are vergence zone, get wet. caused by beam blocking from mountains. brings rainy sea- The major cause of (Source: Environment Canada). rain production is moisture moving sons to savannah climes. along three- The urban heat is- dimensional zones land effect leads to of temperature and increased rainfall, both moisture contrasts in amounts and inten- known as weather sity, downwind of cit- fronts. If enough mois- ies. Global warming is ture and upward mo- also causing changes tion is present, precipi- in the precipitation tation falls pattern globally, including wetter conditions from convective clouds across eastern North America and drier condi- (those with strong up- tions in the tropics. Antarctica is the driest con- ward vertical motion) such as cumulonimbus (thunder clouds) which can organize into narrow rain bands. In mountain- ous areas, heavy precipitation is possible where upslope flow is maximized with- in windward sides of the terrain at elevation which forces moist air to condense and fall out

8 Lockheed C-130 Hercules Aircraft to Rhein-Main Air Pole Station. Base, Germany while The Lockheed C-130 Hercules is an American The aircraft are equipped modified RC-130As four-engine turboprop military transport air- with retractable skis that were assigned to craft designed and built originally allow the aircraft to land on the Military Air by Lockheed (now Lockheed Martin). Capable snow and ice as well as on Transport Ser- of using unprepared runways for takeoffs and conventional runways. The vice (MATS) photo- landings, the C-130 was originally designed as aircraft have provisions for mapping division. The a troop, medevac, and cargo transport aircraft. using rocket-assisted-takeoff C-130A entered service with the U.S. Air Force The versa- (RATO) rockets, four on in December 1956. tile airframe has each side of the aircraft, found uses in a In 1958, a U.S. reconnaissance C-130A-II of that are installed and used variety of other the 7406th Support Squadron was shot down when the LC-130 operates from rough, unpre- roles, including over Armenia by four Soviet MiG-17s along the pared snow surfaces, sticky snow or when as Turkish-Armenian border during a routine mis- shorter takeoff runs are needed. Originally the a gunship (AC- sion. expended rocket bottles were jettisonable, but due to several accidents which occurred when 130), Australia be- a bottle detached from the aircraft during take- for airborne as- came the first off, the mounting provisions were changed so sault, search and rescue, scientific research non-American that the bottles could not be released in the support, weather reconnaissance, aerial refuel- force to operate air. ing, maritime patrol, and aerial firefighting. It is the C-130A now the main tactical airlifter for many military Hercules with LC-130 Skibird on Antarctica - Ski & JATO forces worldwide. More than 40 variants of the 12 examples Rocket Equipped Cargo Aircraft. Hercules, including being delivered See 4 minutes YouTube Video: civilian versions from late 1958. marketed as The Royal Canadian Air Force became another https://www.youtube.com/watch? the Lockheed L- early user with the delivery of four B-models v=F7eABcN9CHI 100, operate in (Canadian designation C-130 Mk I) in October / . more than 60 na- November 1960. tions. The Lockheed LC-130 is a ski-equipped United The first batch of States Air Force variant of the C-130 Hercu- C-130A production les used in the Arctic and Antarctic. Ten are aircraft were delivered beginning in 1956 to currently in service with the 109th Airlift the 463d Troop Carrier Wing at Ardmore AFB, Wing of the New York Air National Guard. Oklahoma and the 314th Troop Carrier Wing at Sewart AFB, Tennessee. Six additional The primary mission of the LC-130 is support- squadrons were assigned to the 322d Air Divi- ing the scientific community in Antarctica by sion in Europe and the 315th Air Division in the transporting cargo and personnel from Far East. Additional aircraft were modified for the McMurdo Station to field stations and electronics intelligence work and assigned camps, including the Amundsen–Scott South

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