Practice Parameters for the Treatment of Patients with Dominantly Inherited Colorectal Cancer
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Prophylactic Surgery Beneficial in Lynch Syndrome
16 Gynecology O B .GYN. NEWS • March 1, 2006 Prophylactic Surgery Beneficial in Lynch Syndrome BY JEFF EVANS sociated with hereditary nonpolyposis col- from the number of women in the con- the investigators (N. Engl. J. Med. Senior Writer orectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), signifi- trol group who developed ovarian cancer 2006;354:261-9). cantly fewer endometrial cancers occurred (12 of 223). “These findings support consideration rophylactic surgery may help to pre- in women who had a prophylactic hys- The women underwent hysterectomy of prophylactic hysterectomy and bilat- vent gynecologic cancers in women terectomy (0 of 61) than in those who did or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at a eral salpingo-oophorectomy in women Pwith hereditary nonpolyposis col- not (69 of 210). median age of 41 years, whereas the me- with the Lynch syndrome after the age orectal cancer, reported Dr. Kathleen M. None of the 47 women who had un- dian age at diagnosis was 46 years for en- of 35, or once childbearing has been Schmeler of the University of Texas M.D. dergone a bilateral salpingo-oophorecto- dometrial cancer and 42 years for ovari- completed,” Dr. Schmeler and her col- Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, and my for cancer prevention or benign con- an cancer. leagues wrote. Only one complication her associates. ditions at the same time as their All but four of the endometrial and two (ureteral injury and repair) occurred in the In a retrospective study of a cohort of hysterectomy developed ovarian cancer, of the ovarian cancers occurred in 61 women patients who underwent pro- patients who had germ-line mutations as- but this was not significantly different women older than 35 years, according to phylactic surgery. -
Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®) Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal Version 2.2019 — August 8, 2019 NCCN.org Continue Version 2.2019, 08/08/19 © 2019 National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN®), All rights reserved. NCCN Guidelines® and this illustration may not be reproduced in any form without the express written permission of NCCN. Printed by PEDRO ANTONIO PARRA BAOS on 11/18/2019 12:12:24 PM. For personal use only. Not approved for distribution. Copyright © 2019 National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc., All Rights Reserved. NCCN Guidelines Index NCCN Guidelines Version 2.2019 Table of Contents Genetic/Familial High-Risk Assessment: Colorectal Discussion *Dawn Provenzale, MD, MS/Chair ¤ Þ Michael J. Hall, MD, MS † ∆ Arnold J. Markowitz, MD ¤ Duke Cancer Institute Fox Chase Cancer Center Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center *Samir Gupta, MD/Vice-chair ¤ Amy L. Halverson, MD ¶ Robert J. Mayer, MD † Þ UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women’s Center of Northwestern University Cancer Center Dennis J. Ahnen, MD ¤ University of Colorado Cancer Center Stanley R. Hamilton, MD ≠ June Mikkelson, MS, CGC ∆ The University of Texas Roswell Park Cancer Institute Lee-May Chen, MD ¶ MD Anderson Cancer Center UCSF Helen Diller Family Reid M. Ness, MD, MPH ¤ Comprehensive Cancer Center Heather Hampel, MS, CGC ∆ Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center The Ohio State University Comprehensive Daniel C. Chung, MD ¤ ∆ Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital Shajan Peter, MD ¤ Massachusetts General Hospital and Solove Research Institute O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center Cancer Center at UAB Sigurdis Haraldsdottir, MD, PhD † Gregory Cooper, MD ¤ Stanford Cancer Institute Scott E. -
Outcome of Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Comparison of Sporadic and BRCA1-Associated Cancers
Breast Cancer Res Treat (2014) 146:175–182 DOI 10.1007/s10549-014-2995-6 EPIDEMIOLOGY Outcome of triple negative breast cancer: comparison of sporadic and BRCA1-associated cancers Nadine Tung • Elizabeth Gaughan • Michele R. Hacker • Larissa J. Lee • Brian Alexander • Emily Poles • Stuart J. Schnitt • Judy E. Garber Received: 5 May 2014 / Accepted: 7 May 2014 / Published online: 18 May 2014 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract The majority of breast cancers developing in follow-up. BRCA1 carriers who underwent oophorectomy BRCA1 mutation carriers are triple negative breast cancers had a significantly lower rate of death from TNBC, with an (TNBC), an aggressive subtype that accounts for 15–20 % adjusted HR of 0.30 (95 % CI 0.10–0.94). Adjusting for of sporadic breast cancer. We compare the clinical out- age, oophorectomy, and prophylactic mastectomy, BRCA1 come and sites of relapse of TNBC in BRCA1 mutation mutation status was not an independent predictor of sur- carriers and non-carriers who received adjuvant chemo- vival (HR 2.1; P = 0.13). BRCA1 mutation carriers with therapy. Women with stage I–III TNBC who had BRCA1 TNBC had similar survival rates and sites of recurrence to testing within 36 months of diagnosis and received adju- non-carriers after treatment with conventional chemother- vant chemotherapy were identified from clinical databases apy. Carriers who underwent oophorectomy had a signifi- at two academic institutions. Sites of relapse, freedom from cantly lower rate of breast cancer-related death; this finding distant metastasis (FFDM), and breast cancer-specific sur- should be studied further in all women with TNBC. -
Endoscopy Rotation Coordination and Goals and Objects Department of Surgery Stanford School of Medicine (8/15/17, Jnl)
Endoscopy Rotation Coordination And Goals and Objects Department of Surgery Stanford School of Medicine (8/15/17, jnl) Rotation Director: James Lau, MD ATTENDINGS and CONTACT INFORMATION Cell Phone E-mail Address James Lau, MD (702) 306-8780 [email protected] Homero Rivas, MD MBA (972) 207-2381 [email protected] Dan Azagury, MD (650) 248-3173 [email protected] Shai Friedland, MD [email protected] Andrew Shelton, MD [email protected] Natalie Kirilcuk, MD [email protected] Cindy Kin, MD [email protected] Laren Becker, MD [email protected] Jennifer Pan, MD [email protected] Suzanne Matsui, MD [email protected] Ramsey Cheung, MD [email protected] KEYPOINT The key for this rotation is that you need to show initiative. TEXT Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: The Fundamentals. Sixth Edition. By Peter B. Cotton, Christopher B. Williams, Robert H. Hawes and Brian P. Saunders. You are responsible for the material to enhance your understanding and supplement your past experiences. Lots of pictures and tips and tricks. Quick read. Copy of text available for purchase on Amazon.com or for check out from the Lane Library. Procedure Schedule Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Laren Becker Jennifer Pan Shelton/Kirilcuk/Kin Ramsey Suzanne (VA (VA Colonoscopy 8:00 am Cheung (VA Matsui (VA Livermore) Livermore) (Stanford Endoscopy) Livermore) Livermore) Every other Tuesday Rivas/Lau alternating Upper/Occasional Lower 1 Endoscopy 9a-1p (Stanford Endoscopy) Suzanne Matsui (VA Livermore) The Staff Drs. Becker, Cheung, Pan, and Matsui are gastroenterologists that perform 75% colonoscopies and 25% upper endoscopies at the Livermore location for the Palo Alto VA. -
Colon and Rectal Surgery Case Log Instructions Review Committee for Colon and Rectal Surgery
Colon and Rectal Surgery Case Log Instructions Review Committee for Colon and Rectal Surgery Background The ACGME Case Log System is a data depository which provides a mechanism that supports programs in complying with requirements, and also provides a uniform mechanism to verify the clinical education of residents among programs. The Case Log System is designed to capture and categorize a resident’s experience with patient care. It was initially instituted in 2001, and the Review Committee for Colon and Rectal Surgery has required its use by accredited programs since 2005. It is the intention of the Review Committee for Colon and Rectal Surgery that each resident has a reasonably equivalent educational experience to prepare for the practice of the specialty. As part of the process, the case numbers for each resident completing a program are collected and analyzed. To accomplish this complex task, a structured database has been created using standard codes for diagnoses and procedures. The Case Log System helps assess the breadth and depth of clinical experience provided to each colon and rectal surgery resident by his or her program with the ultimate goal of improving the programs themselves. It is the responsibility of the individual residents to accurately and in a timely manner enter their case data. The data entered will be monitored by the program directors and analyzed by the Review Committee. Separate analysis reports are created annually for the Committee, for program directors, and for residents. Additionally, the ACGME provides information regarding individual residents’ experience to the American Board of Colon and Rectal Surgery (ABCRS) as one criterion for their admission to the ABCRS’s exam process. -
Combined Endo-Laparoscopic Surgery for Difficult Benign Colorectal Polyps
485 Review Article (Current Strategies in Colon Cancer Management) Combined endo-laparoscopic surgery for difficult benign colorectal polyps Zhong-Hui Liu1, Li Jiang1, Fion Siu-Yin Chan1,2, Michael Ka-Wah Li3, Joe King-Man Fan1,2,3 1Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China; 2Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; 3Asia-Pacific Endo-Lap Surgery Group (APELS), Hong Kong, China Contributions: (I) Conception and design: JKM Fan, MKW Li; (II) Administrative support: MKW Li; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: FSY Chan; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: ZH Liu, L Jiang; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: ZH Liu; FSY Chan; JKM Fan; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors. Correspondence to: Joe King-Man Fan, MBBS (HK), MS (HKU), FRCSEd, FACS. Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518053, China. Email: [email protected]. Abstract: Prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC) depends largely on the detection and removal of colorectal polyps. Despite the advances in endoscopic techniques, there are still a subgroup of polyps that cannot be treated purely by endoscopic approach, which comprise of about 10–15% of all the polyps. These so-called “difficult colorectal polyps” are polyps with large size, morphology, at difficult location, scarring or due to recurrence, which have historically been managed by surgical segmental resection. In treating benign difficult colorectal polyps, we have to balance the operative risks and morbidities associated with surgical segmental resection. Therefore, combined endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery (CELS) has been developed to remove this subgroup of difficult benign polyps. -
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Polymnia Galiatsatos, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C),1 and William D
American Journal of Gastroenterology ISSN 0002-9270 C 2006 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00375.x Published by Blackwell Publishing CME Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Polymnia Galiatsatos, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C),1 and William D. Foulkes, M.B., Ph.D.2 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and 2Program in Cancer Genetics, Departments of Oncology and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal-dominant colorectal cancer syndrome, caused by a germline mutation in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, on chromosome 5q21. It is characterized by hundreds of adenomatous colorectal polyps, with an almost inevitable progression to colorectal cancer at an average age of 35 to 40 yr. Associated features include upper gastrointestinal tract polyps, congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium, desmoid tumors, and other extracolonic malignancies. Gardner syndrome is more of a historical subdivision of FAP, characterized by osteomas, dental anomalies, epidermal cysts, and soft tissue tumors. Other specified variants include Turcot syndrome (associated with central nervous system malignancies) and hereditary desmoid disease. Several genotype–phenotype correlations have been observed. Attenuated FAP is a phenotypically distinct entity, presenting with fewer than 100 adenomas. Multiple colorectal adenomas can also be caused by mutations in the human MutY homologue (MYH) gene, in an autosomal recessive condition referred to as MYH associated polyposis (MAP). Endoscopic screening of FAP probands and relatives is advocated as early as the ages of 10–12 yr, with the objective of reducing the occurrence of colorectal cancer. -
3. Studies of Colorectal Cancer Screening
IARC HANDBOOKS COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING VOLUME 17 This publication represents the views and expert opinions of an IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Cancer-Preventive Strategies, which met in Lyon, 14–21 November 2017 LYON, FRANCE - 2019 IARC HANDBOOKS OF CANCER PREVENTION 3. STUDIES OF COLORECTAL CANCER SCREENING 3.1 Methodological considerations end-point of the RCT can be the incidence of the cancer of interest. Methods for colorectal cancer (CRC) screen- The observed effect of screening in RCTs is ing include endoscopic methods and stool-based dependent on, among other things, the partic- tests for blood. The two primary end-points for ipation in the intervention group and the limi- endoscopic CRC screening are (i) finding cancer tation of contamination of the control group. at an early stage (secondary prevention) and Low participation biases the estimate of effect (ii) finding and removing precancerous lesions towards its no-effect value, and therefore it must (adenomatous polyps), to reduce the incidence be evaluated and reported. Screening of controls of CRC (primary prevention). The primary by services outside of the RCT also dilutes the end-point for stool-based tests is finding cancer effect of screening on CRC incidence and/or at an early stage. Stool-based tests also have some mortality. If the screening modality being eval- ability to detect adenomatous polyps; therefore, a uated is widely used in clinical practice in secondary end-point of these tests is reducing the the region or regions where the RCT is being incidence of CRC. conducted, then contamination may be consid- erable, although it may be difficult and/or costly 3.1.1 Randomized controlled trials of to estimate its extent. -
Current Advances of Nitric Oxide in Cancer and Anticancer Therapeutics
Review Current Advances of Nitric Oxide in Cancer and Anticancer Therapeutics Joel Mintz 1,†, Anastasia Vedenko 2,†, Omar Rosete 3 , Khushi Shah 4, Gabriella Goldstein 5 , Joshua M. Hare 2,6,7 , Ranjith Ramasamy 3,6,* and Himanshu Arora 2,3,6,* 1 Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33328, USA; [email protected] 2 John P Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; [email protected] (A.V.); [email protected] (J.M.H.) 3 Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; [email protected] 4 College of Arts and Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33146, USA; [email protected] 5 College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; [email protected] 6 The Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA 7 Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (R.R.); [email protected] (H.A.) † These authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived, ubiquitous signaling molecule that affects numerous critical functions in the body. There are markedly conflicting findings in the literature regarding the bimodal effects of NO in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, which has important consequences for treatment. Several preclinical and clinical studies have suggested that both pro- and antitumori- Citation: Mintz, J.; Vedenko, A.; genic effects of NO depend on multiple aspects, including, but not limited to, tissue of generation, the Rosete, O.; Shah, K.; Goldstein, G.; level of production, the oxidative/reductive (redox) environment in which this radical is generated, Hare, J.M; Ramasamy, R.; Arora, H. -
New Drugs Are Not Enough‑Drug Repositioning in Oncology: an Update
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 56: 651-684, 2020 New drugs are not enough‑drug repositioning in oncology: An update ROMINA GABRIELA ARMANDO, DIEGO LUIS MENGUAL GÓMEZ and DANIEL EDUARDO GOMEZ Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Science and Technology Department, National University of Quilmes, Bernal B1876, Argentina Received August 15, 2019; Accepted December 16, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4966 Abstract. Drug repositioning refers to the concept of discov- 17. Lithium ering novel clinical benefits of drugs that are already known 18. Metformin for use treating other diseases. The advantages of this are that 19. Niclosamide several important drug characteristics are already established 20. Nitroxoline (including efficacy, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and 21. Nonsteroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs toxicity), making the process of research for a putative drug 22. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors quicker and less costly. Drug repositioning in oncology has 23. Pimozide received extensive focus. The present review summarizes the 24. Propranolol most prominent examples of drug repositioning for the treat- 25. Riluzole ment of cancer, taking into consideration their primary use, 26. Statins proposed anticancer mechanisms and current development 27. Thalidomide status. 28. Valproic acid 29. Verapamil 30. Zidovudine Contents 31. Concluding remarks 1. Introduction 2. Artesunate 1. Introduction 3. Auranofin 4. Benzimidazole derivatives In previous decades, a considerable amount of work has been 5. Chloroquine conducted in search of novel oncological therapies; however, 6. Chlorpromazine cancer remains one of the leading causes of death globally. 7. Clomipramine The creation of novel drugs requires large volumes of capital, 8. Desmopressin alongside extensive experimentation and testing, comprising 9. Digoxin the pioneer identification of identifiable targets and corrobora- 10. -
Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Activities of Anthocyanin and Anthocyanidin Extracts from Blueberry Fruits on B16-F10 Melanoma Cells
FOOD & NUTRITION RESEARCH, 2017 VOL. 61, 1325308 https://doi.org/10.1080/16546628.2017.1325308 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities of anthocyanin and anthocyanidin extracts from blueberry fruits on B16-F10 melanoma cells Erlei Wanga, Yanjun Liua, Caina Xub and Jingbo Liua aCollege of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, PR China; bKey Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, PR China ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Background: Anthocyanins have been proven to affect multiple cancer-associated processes in Received 29 January 2017 different cancer cell lines. However, relatively few studies have investigated the effects of blueberry Accepted 26 April 2017 anthocyanins on metastatic melanoma. Thus, this study focuses on evaluating the chemopreventive KEYWORDS potential of blueberry anthocyanins and their aglycones (anthocyanidins) in B16-F10 melanoma cells. Blueberry; anthocyanins; Methods: Blueberry anthocyanin and anthocyanidin extracts were prepared mainly by combined anthocyanidins; cell chromatography techniques. Their antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects on B16-F10 cells apoptosis; cell cycle were evaluated by MTT assay, calcein acetoxymethyl ester/propidium iodide (calcein-AM/PI) staining, and flow cytometry of the cell cycle and apoptosis. Results: The MTT and calcein-AM/PI staining results showed that both anthocyanin (purity of 62.5%) and anthocyanidin (75.1%) extracts could significantly inhibit the viability and proliferation of B16- F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, while anthocyanidin extracts exhibited significantly higher (p < 0.05) cytotoxicity than anthocyanin extracts. Furthermore, anthocyanin and anthocyanidin extracts blocked cell cycle procession at the G0/G1 phase below 400 and 200 μg/mL, and induced early apoptosis below 400 and 300 μg/mL, respectively. -
Modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States To
U.S. International Trade Commission COMMISSIONERS Shara L. Aranoff, Chairman Daniel R. Pearson, Vice Chairman Deanna Tanner Okun Charlotte R. Lane Irving A. Williamson Dean A. Pinkert Address all communications to Secretary to the Commission United States International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 U.S. International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 www.usitc.gov Modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States to Implement the Dominican Republic- Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement With Respect to Costa Rica Publication 4038 December 2008 (This page is intentionally blank) Pursuant to the letter of request from the United States Trade Representative of December 18, 2008, set forth in the Appendix hereto, and pursuant to section 1207(a) of the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, the Commission is publishing the following modifications to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) to implement the Dominican Republic- Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement, as approved in the Dominican Republic-Central America- United States Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act, with respect to Costa Rica. (This page is intentionally blank) Annex I Effective with respect to goods that are entered, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after January 1, 2009, the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) is modified as provided herein, with bracketed matter included to assist in the understanding of proclaimed modifications. The following supersedes matter now in the HTS. (1). General note 4 is modified as follows: (a). by deleting from subdivision (a) the following country from the enumeration of independent beneficiary developing countries: Costa Rica (b).