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BirdLife South Africa CHECKLIST BIRDS of in South Africa 2021 BirdLife South Africa CHECKLIST BIRDS of in South Africa 2021 RED DATA: Regional*, Global STATUS IN SOUTH AFRICA CR Critically Endangered V Vagrant** EN Endangered I Introduced VU Vulnerable NT Near Threatened LC Least Concern EX Extinct (regionally) DD Data Deficient NR Not Recognised by BirdLife International NA Not Assessed Red List *The 2015 Eskom Red Data Book of Birds of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland ** Please report to BirdLife South Africa National Rarities Commitee ([email protected]) ENDEMISM IN SOUTH AFRICA (not southern Africa, as in field guides) E endemic SLS endemic to South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland NE near endemic (i.e.

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WHY SUCCULENT FLOWERS SEJ by A
Cape sugarbird WHY SUCCULENT FLOWERS SEJ by A. V. Milewski energy, water and nutrients which are The Field Guide to Trees of not retrieved by the plant, because the Southern Africa by Van Wyk & Van very purpose of fruit-pulp is to be Wyk (Struik 1997) shows the flowers removed from the plant once it is and fruits of trees and tall shrubs in ripe. The more resources the plant the south-western Cape. Of eighty spends on flowers, the less generous it species (excluding conifers) with is likely to be with fruit-pulp. Plants fleshy fruits eaten by birds, 91 % have may be generally faced with a choice small, dull flowers which easily of dispersing pollen or seeds, but not escape the notice of the human both, by avian flight. observer. Members of up to thirty-nine The division between bird-polli genera in twenty-five families conform nated and bird-sown plants is clear in in having fly-pollinated flowers and the south-western Cape, which has a bird-sown seeds in the south-western climate with winter rainfall and Cape. Eight percent (e.g. Glllysanthe summer drought similar to the maides, Grewia, Solanum) resemble lowers and fTllits vary greatly in Mediterranean Basin. Proteas charac many species of cultivated fruits size and how much food they teristic of this area produce large (e.g. apples, plums, raspberries) in Foffer polli nators. The smallest blooms pollinated by sunbirds and having colourful petals attracting flowers are dull greenish, and attract sugarbirds. Olives (Oleaceae) produce medium-size insects such as bees and pollinators no larger than small flies.
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Apparent Absorption Efficiencies of Nectar Sugars in the Cape Sugarbird, with a Comparison of Methods
106 Apparent Absorption Ef®ciencies of Nectar Sugars in the Cape Sugarbird, with a Comparison of Methods Susan Jackson1,* was artifactual, and we do not recommend use of this method. Susan W. Nicolson1 Apparent absorption ef®ciencies calculated with method 2 un- Ben-Erik van Wyk2 derestimated true absorption ef®ciency, because refractometry 1Zoology Department, University of Cape Town, measures nonsugar solutes, but this error is biologically sig- Rondebosch 7700, South Africa; 2Botany Department, Rand ni®cant only when ef®ciencies are low. Afrikaans University, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa Accepted by G.K.S. 8/15/97 Introduction Nectarivorous birds consume dilute solutions of sucrose, fruc- ABSTRACT tose, and glucose and apparently assimilate these sugars very Nectarivore sugar preferences and nectar composition in the ef®ciently. Absorption ef®ciencies (AE) of 97%±99.5% for the Cape Floristic Kingdom (southern Africa) differ from trends three sugars have been measured in three families of specialized reported for analogous systems in America and Europe in that nectarivores: American hummingbirds (Hainsworth 1974; Kar- sugarbirds and sunbirds show no aversion to sucrose, which asov et al. 1986; MartõB nez del Rio et al. 1988; MartõB nez del Rio is the dominant nectar sugar in many of their food plants. To 1990b), Australian honeyeaters (Collins and Morellini 1979; elucidate the physiological bases (if any) of nectarivore sugar Collins et al. 1980), and African sunbirds (Lotz and Nicolson preferences, we determined apparent sugar absorption ef®- 1996). Of the above studies, two (MartõB nez del Rio 1990b; Lotz ciencies in a passerine endemic to this region, the Cape sugar- and Nicolson 1996) reported data for all three sugars, whereas bird Promerops cafer.
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A Bioacoustic Record of a Conservancy in the Mount Kenya Ecosystem
Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9906 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e9906 Data Paper A Bioacoustic Record of a Conservancy in the Mount Kenya Ecosystem Ciira wa Maina‡§, David Muchiri , Peter Njoroge| ‡ Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Nyeri, Kenya § Dedan Kimathi University Wildlife Conservancy, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Nyeri, Kenya | Ornithology Section, Department of Zoology, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya Corresponding author: Ciira wa Maina ([email protected]) Academic editor: Therese Catanach Received: 17 Jul 2016 | Accepted: 23 Sep 2016 | Published: 05 Oct 2016 Citation: wa Maina C, Muchiri D, Njoroge P (2016) A Bioacoustic Record of a Conservancy in the Mount Kenya Ecosystem. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e9906. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e9906 Abstract Background Environmental degradation is a major threat facing ecosystems around the world. In order to determine ecosystems in need of conservation interventions, we must monitor the biodiversity of these ecosystems effectively. Bioacoustic approaches offer a means to monitor ecosystems of interest in a sustainable manner. In this work we show how a bioacoustic record from the Dedan Kimathi University wildlife conservancy, a conservancy in the Mount Kenya ecosystem, was obtained in a cost effective manner. A subset of the dataset was annotated with the identities of bird species present since they serve as useful indicator species. These data reveal the spatial distribution of species within the conservancy and also point to the effects of major highways on bird populations. This dataset will provide data to train automatic species recognition systems for birds found within the Mount Kenya ecosystem.
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Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2.
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South Africa Mega Birding Tour I
South Africa Mega Birding Tour I 15th February to 8th March 2022 (22 days) Cape Rockjumper by Adam Riley South Africa has the highest number of endemic and near-endemic bird species of any country on the African continent. Some of these special birds such as Drakensberg Rockjumper and Blue Crane – are beautiful and charismatic; while others, including the endangered Rudd’s and Botha’s Larks, are less striking but incredibly range-restricted. To boot, South Africa is also home to two very impressive endemic families, the striking Rockjumpers and Sugarbirds. The focus of this 22 day endemics mega-birding tour is to see as many of these South African endemic, breeding endemic and near-endemic species as possible. Every single one of the 99 birds falling into this category as well as most of the 78 species falling into the category of endemic or near-endemic to the southern African sub-region are targeted during the tour (and are listed in bold in the itinerary below.) RBT South Africa Mega Birding Itinerary 2 Furthermore, we will seek out many other special and sought-after African species; and, in the course of this tour, we have the potential to rack up a very impressive bird list in terms of species numbers, rarities and great sightings. Mammals will likewise form a major focus of our attention, and we can expect to also find an incredible diversity of reptiles, amphibians and other wildlife. We invite you to join us on this exciting celebration of our endemic treasures during this ultimate South African mega-birding adventure! THE TOUR
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Download Download
Ornithological Observations http://oo.adu.org.za An electronic journal published by the Animal Demography Unit at the University of Cape Town and BirdLife South Africa Ornithological Observations accepts papers containing faunistic information about birds. This includes descriptions of distribution, behaviour, breeding, foraging, food, movement, measurements, habitat and plumage. It will also consider for publication a variety of other interesting or relevant ornithological material: reports of projects and conferences, annotated checklists for a site or region, specialist bibliographies, and any other interesting or relevant material. Editor: Arnold van der Westhuizen FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF SOME MEMBERS OF THE GLEANING GUILD IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Warwick Fraser Recommended citation format: Fraser W 2015. Foraging behaviour of some members of the gleaning guild in southern Africa. Ornithological Observations, Vol 6: 51-56 URL: http://oo.adu.org.za/content.php?id=177 Published online: 29 April 2015 - ISSN 2219-0341 - Ornithological Observations, Vol 6: 51-56 51 FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF SOME MEMBERS OF THE GLEANING GUILD IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Warwick Fraser* PO Box 1511, Nottingham Road, 3280. * Corresponding author: [email protected] Introduction There are a number of small bird species that forage within the leaf zone of trees and shrubs feeding off arthropods. Although not clearly defined these birds have been termed the "foliage gleaners" and the "gleaning guild". In South Africa there are some 30 species that can be classified as being foliage gleaners and these are birds that weigh from 6 to 15 g and belong to the families Sylvidae and Muscicapidae. Each woodland and forest habitat has a number of these foliage gleaning species that occur in varying numbers and these co-exist apparently sharing a broad food source.
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South Africa: Magoebaskloof and Kruger National Park Custom Tour Trip Report
SOUTH AFRICA: MAGOEBASKLOOF AND KRUGER NATIONAL PARK CUSTOM TOUR TRIP REPORT 24 February – 2 March 2019 By Jason Boyce This Verreaux’s Eagle-Owl showed nicely one late afternoon, puffing up his throat and neck when calling www.birdingecotours.com [email protected] 2 | TRIP REPORT South Africa: Magoebaskloof and Kruger National Park February 2019 Overview It’s common knowledge that South Africa has very much to offer as a birding destination, and the memory of this trip echoes those sentiments. With an itinerary set in one of South Africa’s premier birding provinces, the Limpopo Province, we were getting ready for a birding extravaganza. The forests of Magoebaskloof would be our first stop, spending a day and a half in the area and targeting forest special after forest special as well as tricky range-restricted species such as Short-clawed Lark and Gurney’s Sugarbird. Afterwards we would descend the eastern escarpment and head into Kruger National Park, where we would make our way to the northern sections. These included Punda Maria, Pafuri, and the Makuleke Concession – a mouthwatering birding itinerary that was sure to deliver. A pair of Woodland Kingfishers in the fever tree forest along the Limpopo River Detailed Report Day 1, 24th February 2019 – Transfer to Magoebaskloof We set out from Johannesburg after breakfast on a clear Sunday morning. The drive to Polokwane took us just over three hours. A number of birds along the way started our trip list; these included Hadada Ibis, Yellow-billed Kite, Southern Black Flycatcher, Village Weaver, and a few brilliant European Bee-eaters.
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Mozambique Batis
358 Muscicapidae: flycatchers and batises Mozambique Batis 14˚ Mosambiekbosbontrokkie MOZAMBIQUE BATIS Batis soror 1 5 The Mozambique Batis inhabits the coastal belt 18˚ of Mozambique and extends to just south of the equator. It occurs marginally in the eastern high- lands of Zimbabwe where it is reported infre- quently. 22˚ It was formerly considered to be a subspecies 6 of the Chinspot Batis B. molitor and it closely 2 resembles that species in appearance (especially the males) and vocalizations. It is inconspicuous 26˚ when not calling, because it tends to remain in the tree canopy. Its habitat in Zimbabwe is the miombo wood- land of the moist seaward-facing slopes of the 3 7 mountains from Nyanga (1832BA) southwards 30˚ to the Chimanimani area (1933C), and also the Save–Runde river confluence (2132AB) (Irwin 1981). It ascends to at least 1500 m in the Chi- 4 8 manimani Mountains (Irwin 1981). 34˚ Any movements are likely to be altitudinal. 18˚ 22˚ 26˚ Most atlas records come from summer, but there 10˚ 14˚ 30˚ 34˚ is insufficient information. Egglaying has been reported October–November (Irwin 1981). The Mozambique Batis is said to replace the Chinspot Batis in moister areas, and their overlap is probably mar- ginal and limited to areas with a wide range of altitudes, except at the Save–Runde confluence (Irwin 1981). In the Haroni–Rusitu (2032BB) area, those two species are sea- sonally also found with Cape B. capensis and Woodwards’ Recorded in 5 grid cells, 0.1% B. fratrum Batises, but again with some separation by habi- Total number of records: 37 tat and altitude (Irwin 1981).
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Urbanization, Climate and Ecological Stress Indicators in an Endemic Nectarivore, the Cape Sugarbird
Urbanization, climate and ecological stress indicators in an endemic nectarivore, the Cape Sugarbird B. Mackay, A. T. K. Lee, P. Barnard, A. P. Møller & M. Brown Journal of Ornithology ISSN 2193-7192 J Ornithol DOI 10.1007/s10336-017-1460-9 1 23 Your article is protected by copyright and all rights are held exclusively by Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V.. This e-offprint is for personal use only and shall not be self- archived in electronic repositories. If you wish to self-archive your article, please use the accepted manuscript version for posting on your own website. You may further deposit the accepted manuscript version in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later and provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be accompanied by the following text: "The final publication is available at link.springer.com”. 1 23 Author's personal copy J Ornithol DOI 10.1007/s10336-017-1460-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Urbanization, climate and ecological stress indicators in an endemic nectarivore, the Cape Sugarbird 1 1,2 1,2 3 4,5 B. Mackay • A. T. K. Lee • P. Barnard • A. P. Møller • M. Brown Received: 10 February 2016 / Revised: 6 October 2016 / Accepted: 21 April 2017 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2017 Abstract Stress, as a temporary defense mechanism urban settlements had higher levels of ﬂuctuating asym- against speciﬁc stimuli, can place a bird in a state in which metry and fault bars in feathers.
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NEST-SITE SELECTION in the CAPE SUGARBIRD We Dedicate
NEST-SITE SELECTION IN THE CAPE SUGARBIRD A. E. BURGER, W. R. SlEGFRIED & P. G. H. FROST Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town We dedicate this paper to the memory of the late Dr G. J. Broekhuysen, our former mentor and friend, who did more than any other person in laying the foundations for an eco-ethologica1 approach in scientific studies ofthe avifauna of the south-western Cape region ofSouth Mrica. ABSTRACT Cape sugarbirds, P,ome,ops cafe" preferred certain protea bushes as nest-sites. These bushes were characterized by relatively large leaves and dense foliage. Nests were usually placed in the central parts of bushes Nest-sites were shielded from the cold night sky, and were associated with relatively favourable air temperatures and protection from wind in a season of unfavourable weather. Data on microclimate of nest-sites, together with those on heat loss from an incubating sugarbird, were interpreted in relation to nest-site selection as adaptive behaviour promoting breeding success through conservation of energy. Sugarbirds nesting relatively high off the ground and in dense vegetation were considered to be decreasing the risk of exposure to predators. ) 0 1 0 2 d INTRODUCTION e t a d ( r Food availability, and shelter from predators and adverse weather are ultimate factors in habitat e h s selection in bird species (Baker 1938; Hilden 1965). Nest-site selection is not a random procedure, i l b and nest building will commence only when the summation of the heterogeneous stimuli of the u P micro-habitat exceeds the threshold for releasing nesting behaviour.
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South Africa Mega Birding III 5Th to 27Th October 2019 (23 Days) Trip Report
South Africa Mega Birding III 5th to 27th October 2019 (23 days) Trip Report The near-endemic Gorgeous Bushshrike by Daniel Keith Danckwerts Tour leader: Daniel Keith Danckwerts Trip Report – RBT South Africa – Mega Birding III 2019 2 Tour Summary South Africa supports the highest number of endemic species of any African country and is therefore of obvious appeal to birders. This South Africa mega tour covered virtually the entire country in little over a month – amounting to an estimated 10 000km – and targeted every single endemic and near-endemic species! We were successful in finding virtually all of the targets and some of our highlights included a pair of mythical Hottentot Buttonquails, the critically endangered Rudd’s Lark, both Cape, and Drakensburg Rockjumpers, Orange-breasted Sunbird, Pink-throated Twinspot, Southern Tchagra, the scarce Knysna Woodpecker, both Northern and Southern Black Korhaans, and Bush Blackcap. We additionally enjoyed better-than-ever sightings of the tricky Barratt’s Warbler, aptly named Gorgeous Bushshrike, Crested Guineafowl, and Eastern Nicator to just name a few. Any trip to South Africa would be incomplete without mammals and our tally of 60 species included such difficult animals as the Aardvark, Aardwolf, Southern African Hedgehog, Bat-eared Fox, Smith’s Red Rock Hare and both Sable and Roan Antelopes. This really was a trip like no other! ____________________________________________________________________________________ Tour in Detail Our first full day of the tour began with a short walk through the gardens of our quaint guesthouse in Johannesburg. Here we enjoyed sightings of the delightful Red-headed Finch, small numbers of Southern Red Bishops including several males that were busy moulting into their summer breeding plumage, the near-endemic Karoo Thrush, Cape White-eye, Grey-headed Gull, Hadada Ibis, Southern Masked Weaver, Speckled Mousebird, African Palm Swift and the Laughing, Ring-necked and Red-eyed Doves.
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Attempting to See One Member of Each of the World's Bird Families Has
Attempting to see one member of each of the world’s bird families has become an increasingly popular pursuit among birders. Given that we share that aim, the two of us got together and designed what we believe is the most efficient strategy to pursue this goal. Editor’s note: Generally, the scientific names for families (e.g., Vireonidae) are capital- ized, while the English names for families (e.g., vireos) are not. In this article, however, the English names of families are capitalized for ease of recognition. The ampersand (&) is used only within the name of a family (e.g., Guans, Chachalacas, & Curassows). 8 Birder’s Guide to Listing & Taxonomy | October 2016 Sam Keith Woods Ecuador Quito, [email protected] Barnes Hualien, Taiwan [email protected] here are 234 extant bird families recognized by the eBird/ Clements checklist (2015, version 2015), which is the offi- T cial taxonomy for world lists submitted to ABA’s Listing Cen- tral. The other major taxonomic authority, the IOC World Bird List (version 5.1, 2015), lists 238 families (for differences, see Appendix 1 in the expanded online edition). While these totals may appear daunting, increasing numbers of birders are managing to see them all. In reality, save for the considerable time and money required, finding a single member of each family is mostly straightforward. In general, where family totals or family names are mentioned below, we use the eBird/Clements taxonomy unless otherwise stated. Family Feuds: How do world regions compare? In descending order, the number of bird families supported by con- tinental region are: Asia (125 Clements/124 IOC), Africa (122 Clem- ents/126 IOC), Australasia (110 Clements/112 IOC), North America (103 Clements/IOC), South America (93 Clements/94 IOC), Europe (73 Clements/74 IOC ), and Antarctica (7 Clements/IOC).
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