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MONEL® Alloy K-500 M MONEL ® Alloy K-500

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MONEL® Alloy K-500 M MONEL ® Alloy K-500 www.specialmetals.com MONEL® alloy K-500 (UNS N05500/ W.Nr. 2.4375) is Table 1 - Limiting Chemical Composition, %, a nickel-copper alloy which combines the excellent of MONEL Alloy K-500 corrosion resistance of MONEL alloy 400 with the added advantages of greater strength and hardness. The Nickel (plus Cobalt) .....................................................63.0 min. increased properties are obtained by adding aluminum Carbon........................................................................0.25 max. and titanium to the nickel-copper base, and by heating Manganese ...................................................................1.5 max. under controlled conditions so that submicroscopic Iron................................................................................2.0 max. particles of Ni (Ti, Al) are precipitated throughout the 3 Sulfur ..........................................................................0.01 max. matrix. The thermal processing used to effect precipitation is commonly called age hardening or Silicon ...........................................................................0.5 max. aging. The composition of the alloy is given in Table 1. Copper ......................................................................27.0 - 33.0 Typical applications for MONEL alloy K-500 Aluminum ..................................................................2.30 - 3.15 products are chains and cables, fasteners and springs for Titanium ....................................................................0.35 - 0.85 marine service; pump and valve components for chemical processing; doctor blades and scrapers for pulp processing in paper production; oil well drill collars and instruments, pump shafts and impellers, non-magnetic housings, safety lifts and valves for oil Table 2 - Physical Constants of MONEL Alloy K-500 and gas production; and sensors and other electronic components. Density, g/cm3 .....................................................................8.44 lb/in.3 ...................................................................0.305 Melting Range, °F .....................................................2400-2460 °C .....................................................1315-1350 Modulus of Elasticity, 103 ksi Tension .............................................................................26.0 PHYSICAL CONSTANTS AND Torsion................................................................................9.5 THERMAL PROPERTIES Poisson’s Ratio (aged material at room temperature).........0.32 The nominal physical constants of MONEL alloy K-500 alloy K-500 are shown in Table 2. Thermal and electrical properties appear in Table 3, and magnetic characteristics in Table 4. Effect of temperature on modulus of elasticity is ® shown in Figure 1. Publication Number SMC-062 Copyright © Special Metals Corporation, 2004 (Sept 04) MONEL is a trademark of the Special Metals Corporation group of companies. MONEL The data contained in this publication is for informational purposes only and may be revised at any time without prior notice. The data is believed to be accurate and reliable, but Special Metals makes no representation or warranty of any kind (express or implied) and assumes no liability with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. Although the data is believed to be representative of the product, the actual characteristics or performance of the product may vary from what is shown in this publication. Nothing contained in this publication should be construed as guaranteeing the product for a particular use or application. MONEL ® alloy K-500 Table 3 - Thermal Properties of MONEL Alloy K-500 Temperature Mean Linear Expansiona Thermal Conductivityb Specific Heatb Electrical Resistivityc °F °C in/in/°F x 10-6 µm/m•°C Btu-in/h/ft2/°F W/m•°C Btu/lb/°F J/kg•°C ohm-circ mil/ft µΩ•m -320 -200 6.2 11.2 – – – – 330.8d 0.550 -250 -157 6.5 11.7 86 12.3 0.071 297.3 – – -200 -130 6.8 12.2 92 13.1 0.077 322.4 – – -100 -70 7.2 13.0 103 14.7 0.087 364.3 – – 70 21 – – 121 17.2 0.100 418.7 370 0.615 200 100 7.6 13.7 136 19.4 0.107 448.0 372 0.618 400 200 8.1 14.6 156 22.2 0.114 477.3 378 0.628 600 300 8.3 14.9 178 25.4 0.117 489.9 385 0.640 800 400 8.5 15.3 198 28.2 0.120 502.4 390 0.648 1000 500 8.7 15.7 220 31.4 0.125 523.4 393 0.653 1200 600 9.1 16.4 240 34.2 0.132 552.7 396 0.658 1400 700 9.3 16.7 262 37.3 0.141 590.3 400 0.665 1600 800 9.6 17.3 282 40.2 0.157 657.3 408 0.678 1800 900 – – 302e 43.1 0.186e 778.7 418 0.695 a Between 70°F (21°C) and temperature shown. Age-hardened material. b Material was in the annealed condition prior to test. c Electrical resistivity is markedly influenced by thermal history because of the age-hardening characteristics of the alloy. The data shown represent values measured on decreasing temperature on material in an equivalent to annealed condition with a small amount of age hardening. d Resistivity of sample from this test tested at room temperature: 355.5 ohm/circ mil/ft. e Extrapolated. 26 Table 4 - Magnetic Characteristics of MONEL alloy K-500 Curie Temperature, °F Tensile Permea- Condition Strength, for Permeability of bilitya ksi 1.01 1.02 1.05 1.1 Annealed, 92.5 1.0011 -210 -210 – – Quenched Annealed, ksi 25 151.0 1.0018 -153 -178 -202 -210 3 Age-Hardened Cold-Drawn 137.0 1.0011 -210 – – – 20% Cold-Drawn 20% and Age- 186.5 1.0019 -130 -150 -182 -210 Hardened Cold-Drawn 151.3 1.0010 -210 – – – 24 50% Modulus of Elasticity, 10 Modulus of Elasticity, Cold-Drawn 50% and Age- 198.0 1.0019 -130 -150 -182 -210 Hardened a Room temperature, 200 oersted. 23 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Temperature, °F Figure 1. Effect of temperature on modulus of elasticity in tension of MONEL alloy K-500 (determined by dynamic method). 2 MONEL ® alloy K-500 A useful characteristic of the alloy is that it is virtually nonmagnetic, even at quite low temperatures (see Table 4). It is possible, however, to develop a magnetic layer on the surface of the material during processing. Aluminum and copper may be selectively oxidized during heating, leaving a magnetic nickel-rich film on the outside of the piece. The effect is particularly noticeable on thin wire or strip where there is a high ratio of surface to weight. The magnetic film can be removed by pickling or bright dipping in acid, and the nonmagnetic properties of the material will be restored. The combination of low magnetic permeability, high strength and good corrosion resistance has been used to advantage in a number of applications, notably oil-well surveying equipment and electronic components. Emittance and solar absorptance of alloy K-500 are given in Figures 2 and 3. MONEL alloy K-500 has been found to have exceptionally good dimensional stability, both in long-time exposure tests and in cyclic tests. Results are shown in Table 5. This property of the alloy has led to its use in high-precision devices, such as gyros. Age hardening causes an initial volume contraction. An annealed rod contracted 2.5 x 10-4 in. per in. during aging. 0 1.0 0 1.0 0.8 As-received After prolonged heating 0.2 0.8 0.2 above 2000°F 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.4 Clean and smooth 0.6 Clean and smooth As-received 0.4 0.6 Polished Normal Total Emittance Normal Total 0.2 0.8 Normal Total Reflectance Normal Total Polished Solar Reflectance Total 0.2 0.8 Total Solar Absorptance (Emittance) Total 0 1.0 -400 0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 0 1.0 Temperature, °F 0400 800 1200 1600 2000 Figure 2 - Normal total emittance of MONEL alloy K-500. (Total Temperature, °F, to Which Sample Heated Before Test radiation detector; comparison blackbody. Measured in a 10- micron pressure of helium.) Figure 3 - Total solar absorptance at 100°F of MONEL alloy K-500. (Comparison standards; comparison pyroheliometer. Measured in air.) Table 5 - Dimensional Stability of MONEL alloy K-500 Length Change, microinch/inch a Condition Aged at 70°F Aged at 160°F Cycled 1 Month 3 Months 12 Months 1 Month 3 Months Cold-Drawn 0 -5 -5 – – – Cold-Drawn, Agedb -5 -5 – 0 -5 0 aCycled 10 times between 70°F and -95°F. b1000°F/9 hr, F.C. to 900°F, A.C. 3 MONEL ® alloy K-500 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Tensile Properties and Hardness The nominal range of room-temperature tensile properties and hardness are shown in Table 6. Approximate relationships between tensile properties and hardness for rods and forgings appear in Figures 4 and 5, and similar relationships for sheet and strip are shown in Figure 6. Notch properties are compared with those of smooth specimens in Table 7. Short-time, high-temperature tensile properties of alloy K-500 rod in various conditions are shown in Figures 7-9. Testing speeds for hot-rolled bar were 0.016 inch per minute through the yield strength and 0.026 inch per minute from there to fracture. The cold-drawn specimens were tested at 0.00075 inch per minute through the yield strength, then 0.075 inch per minute. Effect of temperature on hardness of hot-finished and hot-finished, aged material is shown in Table 8. 140 180 160 Tensile Strength 120 Tensile Strength 140 100 Yield Strength 120 Yield Strength 80 80 Reduction of Area 100 60 60 80 40 40 Elongation Elongation • Reduction of Area, % Elongation • Reduction of Area, 60 60 20 Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) • Tensile Strength, ksi Strength, • Tensile (0.2% Offset) Strength Yield 20 Yield Strength (0.2% Strength Yield ksi Strength, • Tensile Offset) Reduction of Area 40 40 0 0 Elongation 70 80 90 100 110 Rockwell B 20 20 10 15 20 25 30 35 Elongation • Reduction of Area, % Elongation • Reduction of Area, Hardness Rockwell C Figure 4 - Approximate relationships between tensile properties 0 0 and hardness of MONEL alloy K-500 hot-finished rods and 20 25 30 35 40 forgings and cold-drawn rods.
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