North Warwickshire Borough Council
2020 Air Quality Annual Status Report (ASR)
In fulfilment of Part IV of the Environment Act 1995 Local Air Quality Management
September 2020
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 North Warwickshire Borough Council
Local Authority Zoe Bickley/Matt Green Officer Department Environmental Health North Warwickshire Borough Council Address The Council House South Street Telephone 01827 715341
E-mail [email protected] Report Reference ASR20 number Date September 2020
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 North Warwickshire Borough Council
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area
The monitoring over this past 12 months has highlighted a couple of hotspots and as such, further monitoring within the localities of these has begun for 2020.
A detailed or further assessment has not been considered necessary for any pollutant at this time. We will look again at this towards the end of 2020.
Air Quality in North Warwickshire
Air pollution is associated with a number of adverse health impacts. It is recognised as a contributing factor in the onset of heart disease and cancer. Additionally, air pollution particularly affects the most vulnerable in society: children and older people, and those with heart and lung conditions. There is also often a strong correlation with equalities issues, because areas with poor air quality are also often the less affluent areas1,2.
The annual health cost to society of the impacts of particulate matter alone in the UK is estimated to be around £16 billion3.
Actions to Improve Air Quality
The relocation of the tubes this year has proven to be a worthwhile exercise as new hotspots have been identified. Following this, further monitoring has begun with locating more tubes around these hotspots.
An Air Quality Supplementary Planning Document was also approved by the Council in September 2019 in a bid to help reduce air pollution issues at the planning stage.
Active Traffic Management systems have been and are currently being installed upon sections of the M6 and M42 within North Warwickshire. This has been proven to increase traffic flow during periods of congestion on the motorway network and has subsequently had a positive effect on air quality in these areas.
1 Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010 2 Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006 3 Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013
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Also as part of the Local Transport Plan, Warwickshire County Council has produced an Air Quality Strategy which details several measures that have been employed to improve air quality across the County. The Air Quality Strategy is contained in the Local Transport Plan and can be seen in full at http://apps.warwickshire.gov.uk/api/documents/WCCC-630-116.
Conclusions and Priorities
There are a number of measures being undertaken to deal with air quality at a regional level. At a local level North Warwickshire Borough Council have increased the locations of monitoring for NOx from January 2020 based on the results obtained in 2019. The results of which will be submitted in the next year annual status report.
Local Engagement and How to get Involved
If further information is required a copy of the previous Updating and Screening Assessment for North Warwickshire can be seen at https://www.northwarks.gov.uk/downloads/file/5944/updating_and_screening_assess ment_for_north_warwickshire_borough_council_2015. Also if you have any questions relating to air quality please contact the Environmental Health Department at North Warwickshire Borough Council on 01827 715341 or via e-mail at [email protected].
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 ii North Warwickshire Borough Council Table of Contents
Executive Summary: Air Quality in Our Area ...... i Air Quality in North Warwickshire ...... i Actions to Improve Air Quality ...... i Conclusions and Priorities ...... ii Local Engagement and How to get Involved ...... ii 1 Local Air Quality Management ...... 5 2 Actions to Improve Air Quality ...... 6 2.1 Air Quality Management Areas ...... 6 2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in North Warwickshire 6
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations...... 6 3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance ...... 7 3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken ...... 7 3.1.2 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites...... 7 3.2 Individual Pollutants ...... 7
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)...... 7 Appendix A: Monitoring Results ...... 8 Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2019 ...... 13 Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC ...... 15 Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs ...... 21 Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England ...... 38 Glossary of Terms ...... 39
List of Tables Table A.1 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites ...... 8 Table A.2 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results ...... 10
Table B.1 - NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2019 ...... 13
Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England ...... 38
List of Figures
Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations …………..………………..12
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Figure C.1 – National Bias Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet ….……………………...15 Figure C.2 – Annualisation Tool Version 1 …….…………………………………..…...17 Figure C.3 – Tube 7 Watling Street, Dordon Distance Correction …………………...18 Figure C.4 – Tube 11 Coleshill Heath Road, Coleshill Distance Correction ..………19 Figure C.5 – Tube 13 – Blythe Road, Coleshill Distance Correction…………………20
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1 Local Air Quality Management This report provides an overview of air quality in North Warwickshire during 2019. It fulfils the requirements of Local Air Quality Management (LAQM) as set out in Part IV of the Environment Act (1995) and the relevant Policy and Technical Guidance documents.
The LAQM process places an obligation on all local authorities to regularly review and assess air quality in their areas, and to determine whether or not the air quality objectives are likely to be achieved. Where an exceedance is considered likely the local authority must declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) setting out the measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of the objectives. This Annual Status Report (ASR) is an annual requirement showing the strategies employed by North Warwickshire Borough Council to improve air quality and any progress that has been made.
The statutory air quality objectives applicable to LAQM in England can be found in Table E.1 in Appendix E.
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 5 North Warwickshire Borough Council 2 Actions to Improve Air Quality 2.1 Air Quality Management Areas
Air Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) are declared when there is an exceedance or likely exceedance of an air quality objective. After declaration, the authority must prepare an Air Quality Action Plan (AQAP) within 12-18 months setting out measures it intends to put in place in pursuit of compliance with the objectives.
North Warwickshire Borough Council currently does not have any AQMAs. For reference, a map of North Warwickshire’s monitoring locations is available in Appendix D.
2.2 Progress and Impact of Measures to address Air Quality in North Warwickshire
Defra’s appraisal of last year’s ASR concluded that the expansion of monitoring is supported.
2.3 PM2.5 – Local Authority Approach to Reducing Emissions and/or Concentrations
As detailed in Policy Guidance LAQM.PG16 (Chapter 7), local authorities are expected to work towards reducing emissions and/or concentrations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less). There is clear evidence that PM2.5 has a significant impact on human health, including premature mortality, allergic reactions, and cardiovascular diseases.
North Warwickshire currently does not monitor PM2.5. However as discussed previously North Warwickshire Borough Council works alongside Public Health England, the County Council and other Local Authorities within the Coventry & Warwickshire Air Quality Alliance.
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 6 North Warwickshire Borough Council 3 Air Quality Monitoring Data and Comparison with Air Quality Objectives and National Compliance 3.1 Summary of Monitoring Undertaken
3.1.1 Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
The only monitoring North Warwickshire undertook in 2019 was non- automatic
(passive) monitoring of NO2 at 19 sites. Table A.1 in Appendix A shows the details of the sites.
Maps showing the location of the monitoring sites are provided in Appendix D. Further details on how the monitors are calibrated and how the data has been adjusted are included in Appendix C.
3.2 Individual Pollutants
The air quality monitoring results presented in this section are, where relevant, adjusted for bias4, “annualisation” (where the data capture falls below 75%), and distance correction5. Further details on adjustments are provided in Appendix C.
3.2.1 Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
Table A.2 in Appendix A compares the ratified and adjusted monitored NO2 annual mean concentrations for the past 5 years with the air quality objective of 40µg/m3. Note that the concentration data presented in Table A.2 represents the concentration at the location of the monitoring site, following the application of bias adjustment and annualisation, as required (i.e. the values are exclusive of any consideration to fall-off with distance adjustment).
For diffusion tubes, the monthly mean values are provided in Appendix B. Note that the concentration data presented in Table B.1 includes distance corrected values, only where relevant.
4 https://laqm.defra.gov.uk/bias-adjustment-factors/bias-adjustment.html 5 Fall-off with distance correction criteria is provided in paragraph 7.77, LAQM.TG(16)
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Appendix A: Monitoring Results
Table A.1 – Details of Non-Automatic Monitoring Sites
Tube Distance to Distance to X OS Grid Y OS Grid collocated Site Pollutants In Relevant kerb of Height Site ID Site Name Ref Ref with a Type Monitored AQMA? Exposure nearest (m) (Easting) (Northing) Continuous (m) (1) road (m) (2) Analyser?
Rowlands Way, 1 Roadside 430762 298747 NO2 No 5m 2m NO 2m Atherstone Penmire Close, 2 Roadside 427374 299431 NO2 No 2m 2m NO 2m Grendon Spon Lane, 3 Roadside 427835 299652 NO2 No 3m 1m NO 2m Grendon Bridge Street, 4 Roadside 426183 302564 NO2 No 1m 1m NO 2m Polesworth Long Street, 5 Roadside 426195 300310 NO2 No 1m 1m NO 2m Dordon New Street, 6 Roadside 426145 300504 NO2 No 2m 7m NO 2m Dordon A5 Watling 7 Roadside 426026 300135 NO2 No 2m 2m NO 2m Street, Dordon Kingsbury Water 8 Rural 420380 295902 NO2 No 32m 19m NO 2m Park Farthing Lane, 9 Kerbside 418186 292959 NO2 No 10m 0m NO 2m Curdworth
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Maud Road, 10 Kerbside 418060 290943 NO2 No 10m 0m NO 2m Water Orton Coleshill Heath 11 Roadside 419854 287041 NO2 No 18m 2m NO 2m Road, Coleshill Coventry Road, 12 Roadside 420027 287360 NO2 No 5m 1m NO 2m Coleshill Blythe Road, 13 Roadside 420024 289176 NO2 No 5m 1m NO 2m Coleshill Coleshill Road, 14 Roadside 424876 291320 NO2 No 2m 1m NO 2m Furnace End Coventry Road, 15 Roadside 428051 287239 NO2 No 5m 1m NO 2m Fillongley Victoria Road, 16 Roadside 432733 293402 NO2 No 2m 1m NO 2m Hartshill Church Road, 17 Roadside 432560 293767 NO2 No 2m 1m NO 2m Hartshill Coleshill Road, 18 Roadside 430940 297759 NO2 No 1m 1m NO 2m Atherstone Long Street, 19 Kerbside 430912 297773 NO2 No 3m 3m NO 2m Atherstone
Notes: (1) 0m if the monitoring site is at a location of exposure (e.g. installed on the façade of a residential property).
(2) N/A if not applicable.
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Table A.2 – Annual Mean NO2 Monitoring Results Valid Data Valid 3 (3) (4) Capture NO2 Annual Mean Concentration (µg/m ) X OS Grid Y OS Grid Data Monitoring for Site ID Ref Ref Site Type Capture Type Monitoring (Easting) (Northing) 2019 (%) Period (%) 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (2) (1) Diffusion 1 430762 298747 Roadside 100 100 19.8 Tube Diffusion 2 427374 299431 Roadside 100 100 28.26 25.9 18.81 22.63 17.3 Tube Diffusion 3 427835 299652 Roadside 100 100 18.0 Tube Diffusion 4 426183 302564 Roadside 100 67 24.9 Tube Diffusion 5 426195 300310 Roadside 100 100 29.4 Tube Diffusion 6 426145 300504 Roadside 100 100 20.32 23.8 32.14 29.87 28.6 Tube Diffusion 7 426026 300135 Roadside 100 92 46.8 (4) Tube Diffusion 8 420380 295902 Rural 100 92 22.76 22.9 22.94 21.74 20.1 Tube Diffusion 9 418186 292959 Kerbside 100 100 21.24 21.7 22.82 22.1 18.6 Tube Diffusion 10 418060 290943 Kerbside 100 100 22.66 23.2 27.52 32.53 26.8 Tube Diffusion 11 419854 287041 Roadside 100 100 34.1 (4) Tube Diffusion 12 420027 287360 Roadside 100 100 30.51 29.6 30.15 28.37 28.2 Tube Diffusion 13 420024 289176 Roadside 100 100 39.5 (4) Tube Diffusion 14 424876 291320 Roadside 100 100 28.5 Tube
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Diffusion 15 428051 287239 Roadside 100 100 22.8 Tube Diffusion 16 432733 293402 Roadside 100 100 26.1 Tube Diffusion 17 432560 293767 Roadside 100 75 20.2 Tube Diffusion 18 430940 297759 Roadside 100 92 26.0 Tube Diffusion 19 430912 297773 Kerbside 100 92 29.53 31.3 31.34 31.56 30.7 Tube
Notes: 3 Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold. 3 NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m , indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) Data capture for the monitoring period, in cases where monitoring was only carried out for part of the year. (2) Data capture for the full calendar year (e.g. if monitoring was carried out for 6 months, the maximum data capture for the full calendar year is 50%). (3) Means for diffusion tubes have been corrected for bias. All means have been “annualised” as per Boxes 7.9 and 7.10 in LAQM.TG16 if valid data capture for the full calendar year is less than 75%. See Appendix C for details. (4) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure.
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Figure A.1 – Trends in Annual Mean NO2 Concentrations
45
40
35
30 2014 25 2015
20 2016 2017 15 2018 10
5
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
This graph shows the trend for annual mean nitrogen dioxide levels (µg/m3) from 2014 – 2018. During 2019 the tubes were relocated to different sites and so there is no comparison to be drawn in the data as yet.
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Appendix B: Full Monthly Diffusion Tube Results for 2019
Table B.1 - NO2 Monthly Diffusion Tube Results - 2019
3 NO2 Mean Concentrations (µg/m ) Annual Mean
X OS Y OS Grid Distance Site Bias Grid Ref Ref Corrected ID Adjusted (Easting) (Northing) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Raw to (0.92) and Data Nearest Annualised Exposure (1) (2)
1 430762 298747 31.0 26.3 20.1 18.4 16.0 16.3 17.0 18.4 19.2 24.2 29.7 21.2 21.5 19.8 2 427374 299431 27.9 21.2 16.8 22.2 16.5 16.0 13.9 11.2 17.1 19.0 28.2 15.6 18.8 17.3 3 427835 299652 30.33 23.96 18.91 16.29 15.17 13.87 12.6 14.54 17.45 21.88 27.67 22.51 19.6 18.0 4 426183 302564 34.07 32.43 28.8 - 27.23 24.24 - - 28.85 - 33.83 32.41 30.2 25.0 5 426195 300310 40.27 36.75 29.66 32.94 25.64 29.89 24.89 25.91 32.04 33.29 40.43 32.52 32.0 29.5 6 426145 300504 43.02 39.7 32.91 23.37 25.93 25.12 25.88 31.25 28.54 32.69 33.62 31.4 31.1 28.6
7 426026 300135 63.31 59.7 48.89 54.09 56.52 46.56 41.85 - 87.1 56.2 47.07 43.22 55.0 50.6 46.8 8 420380 295902 35.76 31.74 23.41 18.27 18.45 15.38 16.13 - 12.56 22.94 20.9 25.3 21.9 20.1 9 418186 292959 25.49 23.87 16.42 26.00 17.83 15.6 14.63 14.65 18.26 24.7 20.28 24.78 20.2 18.6 10 418060 290943 38.45 34.56 24.91 32.17 26.27 27.14 21.51 17.19 25.69 35.84 34.11 31.36 29.1 26.8 11 419854 287041 58.9 53.79 49.84 34.10 41.75 37.25 33.1 44.46 39.06 44.26 46.04 47.46 44.2 40.6 34.1 12 420027 287360 43.92 41.07 32.96 19.24 23.35 23.24 24.42 25.8 30.41 32.27 37.72 34.58 30.7 28.3 13 420024 289176 53.84 70.11 42.92 58.39 54.33 52.81 46.72 47.5 61.15 53.54 59.38 56.71 54.8 50.4 39.5 14 424876 291320 39.9 32.9 32.61 33.41 32.16 30.21 26.98 24.73 28.58 31.48 29.36 29.99 31.0 28.5 15 428051 287239 26.32 29.91 23.04 26.7 23.01 23.17 22.93 17.28 22.74 25.16 32.26 24.68 24.8 22.8
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16 432733 293402 35.12 31.04 27.88 26.32 25.39 25.52 24.98 22.83 24.65 31.63 35.8 30.18 28.4 26.2 17 432560 293767 31.03 30.32 22.81 - 18.27 17.07 16.13 15.44 20.37 26.32 - - 22.0 20.2 18 430940 297759 36.63 30.65 30.00 25.14 26.77 23.81 26.1 22.11 - 26.49 34.84 28.93 28.3 26.1 19 430912 297773 41.31 37.94 32.58 31.65 30.62 - 29.91 27.37 29.63 35.82 37.69 33.33 33.4 30.8
Notes: 3 Exceedances of the NO2 annual mean objective of 40µg/m are shown in bold. 3 NO2 annual means exceeding 60µg/m , indicating a potential exceedance of the NO2 1-hour mean objective are shown in bold and underlined. (1) See Appendix C for details on bias adjustment and annualisation. (2) Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure. NO2 concentration has been estimated at the closer receptor using the NO2 fall-off with distance” calculator (http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/tools-monitoring-data/no2-falloff.html).
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Appendix C: Supporting Technical Information / Air Quality Monitoring Data QA/QC
Diffusion Tube Monitoring Data
The diffusion tube data has been corrected using a bias adjustment factor, which is an estimate of the difference between diffusion tube concentration and continuous monitoring, the latter assumed to be a more accurate method of monitoring. Triplicate co-location studies can be used to determine a local bias factor based on the comparison of diffusion tube results with data taken from NOx/NO2 continuous analysers. Alternatively, the national database of diffusion tube co-location surveys provides bias factors for the relevant laboratory and preparation method.
Diffusion Tube Bias Adjustment Factors
The national bias adjustment factor approach was taken and calculated to 0.92 (based on 30 studies) as derived from the national bias adjustment calculator (Spreadsheet Version Number: 03/2019). The spreadsheet is shown below in Figure C.1.
Figure C.1 - National Bias Adjustment Factor Spreadsheet
Analysed By1 Method Year 5 Automatic Bias Length of Diffusion Tube To undo your selection, choose To undo your Site Monitor Mean Tube Adjustment (All) from the pop-up list selection, choose Local Authority Study Mean Conc. Bias (B) Type Conc. (Cm) Precision6 Factor (A) (All) (months) (Dm) (mg/m3) (mg/m3) (Cm/Dm) Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Blackburn w ith darw en Borough Council 10 29 21 36.9% G 0.73 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Cheshire West and Chester 12 39 38 2.0% G 0.98 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Cheshire West and Chester 11 34 34 -2.1% G 1.02 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Gedling Borough Council 12 32 30 7.3% G 0.93 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R NOTTINGHAM CITY COUNCIL 10 37 40 -7.0% G 1.07 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Bedford Borough Council 11 29 29 -1.0% G 1.01 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Bedford Borough Council 12 37 32 13.0% G 0.89 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 KS Marylebone Road Intercomparison 12 85 65 30.1% G 0.77 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Borough Council of King's Lynn and West Norfolk 9 27 21 28.4% G 0.78 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Lancaster City Council 13 40 34 16.4% G 0.86 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Lancaster City Council 12 31 31 1.6% G 0.98 Gradko 20% TEA in Water 2019 R Monmouthshire County Council 12 39 39 1.3% G 0.99 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Dudley MBC 12 33 32 4.5% G 0.96 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Dudley MBC 12 44 42 3.9% G 0.96 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 UB Dudley MBC 12 23 19 19.8% G 0.83 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 UB Eastleigh Borough Council 12 24 26 -7.1% G 1.08 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Gateshead Council 12 34 27 23.7% P 0.81 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Gateshead Council 11 40 44 -10.5% G 1.12 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Gateshead Council 10 32 34 -7.2% G 1.08 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Gateshead Council 12 30 25 18.1% G 0.85 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Thurrock Borough Council 12 29 24 21.6% G 0.82 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Brighton & Hove City Council 11 45 46 -1.3% G 1.01 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Belfast City Council 12 40 33 21.0% G 0.83 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Belfast City Council 12 44 45 -2.2% G 1.02 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Belfast City Council 12 28 26 5.4% G 0.95 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 UB Southampton City Council 12 30 28 8.6% G 0.92 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 UB Liverpool City Council 12 20 19 1.7% G 0.98 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Ards and North Dow n Borough Council 12 33 25 31.1% G 0.76 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Eastleigh Borough Council 12 25 26 -3.3% G 1.03 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 R Lisburn & Castlereagh City Council 12 28 22 28.3% G 0.78 Gradko 20% TEA in w ater 2019 Overall Factor3 (30 studies) Use 0.92
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QA/QC of Diffusion Tube Monitoring
The diffusion tubes are supplied and analysed by Gradko International Limited utilising the 20% Triethanolamine (TEA) in water preparation method. Gradko International Ltd is a UKAS accredited laboratory and participates in laboratory performance and proficiency testing schemes. These provide strict performance criteria for participating laboratories to meet, thereby ensuring NO2 concentrations reported are of a high calibre. The laboratory follows the procedures set out in the Harmonisation Practical Guidance and participates in the AIR proficiency-testing (AIR PT) scheme. Defra and the Devolved Administrations advise that diffusion tubes used for LAQM should be obtained from laboratories that have demonstrated satisfactory performance in the AIR-PT scheme. Laboratory performance in the AIR- PT is also assessed by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), alongside laboratory data from the monthly NPL Field Inter-Comparison Exercise.
In the 2019 AIR-PT results, AIR-PT AR030 (January to February 2018) was 75%, AIR-PT AR031 (April to May 2018), AR032 (July to August 2018) and AR033 (September to October 2018), Gradko scored 100%. The percentage score reflects the results deemed to be satisfactory based upon the z-score of < ±2.
Short-term Data Capture
Annualisation has been carried out for Tube 4 - Bridge Street, Polesworth (where data capture was less than 75%) to estimate the annual mean.
Data with <75% data capture rate was adjusted in accordance with Box 7.9 of LAQM. TG (16), which states that it is permissible to annualise the data using background, roadside or kerbside sites.
Data for Tube 4 exposure periods was used from the background AURN sites at Coventry Allesely and Leamington Spa Rugby Road for NO2 to provide an average annualisation factor of 0.8979 using the DEFRA Annualisation Tool Version 1. The bias adjusted yearly average figure for Tube 4 has been multiplied against the correction factor.
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Figure C.2 – Annualisation Tool Version 1
Distance Correction
Distance corrected to nearest relevant public exposure. NO2 concentration has been estimated at the closer receptor using the NO2 fall-off with distance” calculator (http://laqm.defra.gov.uk/tools-monitoring-data/no2-falloff.html).
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Figure C.3 – Tube 7 A5 Watling Street, Dordon Distance Correction
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Figure C.4 – Tube 11 – Coleshill Heath Road, Coleshill Distance Correction
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Figure C.5 – Tube 13 – Blythe Road, Coleshill Distance Correction
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Appendix D: Map(s) of Monitoring Locations and AQMAs
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Appendix E: Summary of Air Quality Objectives in England
Table E.1 – Air Quality Objectives in England Air Quality Objective6 Pollutant Concentration Measured as 200 µg/m3 not to be exceeded more Nitrogen Dioxide 1-hour mean than 18 times a year (NO2) 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 50 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more Particulate Matter 24-hour mean than 35 times a year (PM10) 40 µg/m3 Annual mean 350 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 1-hour mean than 24 times a year Sulphur Dioxide 125 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 24-hour mean (SO2) than 3 times a year 266 µg/m3, not to be exceeded more 15-minute mean than 35 times a year
6 The units are in microgrammes of pollutant per cubic metre of air (µg/m3).
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Glossary of Terms
Abbreviation Description
AQAP Air Quality Action Plan - A detailed description of measures, outcomes, achievement dates and implementation methods, showing how the local authority intends to achieve air quality limit values’
AQMA Air Quality Management Area – An area where air pollutant concentrations exceed / are likely to exceed the relevant air quality objectives. AQMAs are declared for specific pollutants and objectives
ASR Air quality Annual Status Report
Defra Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
DMRB Design Manual for Roads and Bridges – Air quality screening tool produced by Highways England
EU European Union
FDMS Filter Dynamics Measurement System
LAQM Local Air Quality Management
NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide
NOx Nitrogen Oxides
PM10 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10µm (micrometres or microns) or less
PM2.5 Airborne particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5µm or less
QA/QC Quality Assurance and Quality Control
SO2 Sulphur Dioxide
… …
LAQM Annual Status Report 2020 39 North Warwickshire Borough Council References Air quality and social deprivation in the UK: an environmental inequalities analysis, 2006
Defra. Abatement cost guidance for valuing changes in air quality, May 2013
Environmental equity, air quality, socioeconomic status and respiratory health, 2010
Local Air Quality Management Policy Guidance (PG16)
Local Air Quality Management Technical Guidance TG(16) February 2018
North Warwickshire Borough Council Annual Status Report 2019
North Warwickshire Borough Council Updating & Screening Assessment 2015
Warwickshire Local Transport Plan 2011 – 2026
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