Ch. 30 Sect. 1 The Women’s Movement

Objectives: 1. Summarize the background of the women’s movement and analyze the impact of the civil rights movement on it. 2. Describe how feminist leaders organized groups to advocate for women’s rights and explain the impact of feminism. 3. Understand that the feminist movement was opposed by some who wanted to preserve traditional roles. Main Idea: Encouraged by the gains of the civil rights movement, a women’s movement arose in an effort to end discrimination based on gender. Feminism • Women will learn legal and political techniques from the civil rights movement to push for their equal rights. • Women will push feminism during the movement and women who supported feminism will be called feminists.

1960s Women’s Workforce

• In the 1960s, half of women worked and these women wanted the same pay and chances for advancement as men. • Women will use the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to improve discrimination in the workplace. • However, women are still paid less than men today. In 1999, women earned $.76 for every $1 that a man earned. 1970 Office Working Women Betty Friedan • In 1963, Betty Friedan’s The Feminine Mystique said the only right guaranteed to women was trying to be the perfect wife and mother. • She said that women were kept from reaching their full potential by “the problem that has no name.” • Women are going to stand up for what they believe in and force men to listen to their concerns. Women’s Equality Day August 26, 1970 NOW

• In 1966, Betty Friedan and 27 other professional women will create the National Organization for Women (NOW). • NOW will push for equal pay and job opportunities, ending women stereotypes, and for men to sharing in parenting and household responsibilities. • NOW became the rallying point to end sex discrimination and promote greater equality for all women. • However, not all women agreed. Some women enjoyed and wanted to keep their traditional roles.

ERA

• NOW will push for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). • Not all women will support feminism. • Conservative Phyllis Schlafly will support traditional roles and will lead a national campaign to block the ERA. • Schlafly will spread false ideas, such as coed bathrooms, to block the passage of the ERA. • The ERA will pass Congress, but not the required 38 states and was not added to the Constitution.

Roe v. Wade & Ms. Magazine  NOW will also support women’s choice and in 1973, the Supreme Court will make abortion legal in Roe v. Wade.  Gloria Steinem will be the editor of Ms. Magazine, which will be devoted to feminist issues and will give women a different viewpoint from Good Housekeeping. Roe v. Wade January 22, 1973 Ms. Magazine Spring 1972