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General Information Latin American Introduction General Information The following information or definitions are to help in the reading of the charted figures. These are the common definitions for the information presented. The definitions are extracted from dance publications that are used by most of the teachers of dance, world wide. Alignment - The alignments, as they are presented in the figure descriptions, refer to the direction that the body is facing, in relation to, the line of dance. As round dancers we only have one line of dance moving around the room. Some times the facing alignment of the body and the direction of movement will differ. When this occurs, the direction of movement will be include in the "Step & Direction" or "Foot Placement" column. You should not consider that the alignments used as the starting alignment, in the figure descriptions, as the only alignment from which you can dance the figure. The use of the alignment or direction is to allow the showing of the amount of turn necessary to complete the figure. There are two types of Latin dances, stationary dances and the progressive dances. The stationary dances are the Rumba, Cha Cha, Bolero, Jive and West Coast Swing. This is not to say that they do not move around the room, however, you can, in many cases, accomplish a good routine and not move very far from your beginning position. Samba, Paso Doble, Slow Two Step and, to some extent, the Argentine Tango are progressive dances. Many of the figures, in these rhythms, require movement along a given line of dance. Alignment is more important in the progressive dances, because they tend to have grater movement. Amounts of Turn - In dancing the Latin rhythms, the feet are almost never parallel, except when they are together. They turn outwards, usually. The primary use of this "turned out" position of the feet is to maintain balance, due to the foot, leg and knee action most often used. Because of this turn out of the feet, the amount of turn made by the feet and the body is often different. Therefore, in the figure descriptions, the amount of turn measured on most figures will be the amount the body turns. Dance Positions - The Dance positions used in the Latin rhythms are very similar. There are a few minor differences when you change rhythms. We will point these out as we explain each position. Closed position (Close Hold) The Close Hold (Closed Position) for Rumba, Samba and Cha Cha is for the lady to stand in front of her partner, approximately 6 inches away. The weight may be on either foot, normally opposite from the man. The man's right hand is on the lady's back and "cups" the lower part of her shoulder blade. The man holds his arm in a slight curve. The elbow is up, not drooped, at about the same level as his chest. The lady places her left arm lightly on top of the man's right and follows the same curve. Where the lady's hand rests, on the man's arm, will depend on the length of her arm, in relationship to the man's arm. In no case should it move onto the man's back. If the arm is long enough to reach the man's shoulder, it Latin American Gen Info - 1 S#7 - 2003 Latin American Introduction - General Information should rest there. The man's Left arm is in a slight curve, to match his right arm. He will raise the left forearm so that his hand will be approximately level with his nose. The height of his hand is mostly dependent on the height of his partner. The lady places her right hand in his left hand, with a rounded arm. If the lady is much shorter than the man then he must lower his left hand so as not to be much higher than the top of her head. Looking down, from the top, the arms of the dancers will make an oval shape. The body posture is upright, with the heads held high. To alter this position for jive or swing you simply lower the arms little. The Close Hold for Paso Doble is similar, except that the bodies are in close contact from thigh to chest. This causes the man's left hand and the lady's right to be held in a higher position. Both elbows will also be higher. You must remember that the Close Hold in Latin dances is not static. The arm and body positions will vary while dancing figures in Closed Position. We say the arms "breathe" or loosen, when necessary, to allow freedom of movement, especially when moving forward or backward. Left Open - Facing Position The man and the lady are apart facing each other. They are at approximately arm's length. The weight may be on either foot, normally the lady is opposite the man. The normal handhold in this position is for the man to be holding the lady's right hand in his left. The hold can be, however, one of many. It can be right to right, the shake hand position, or right to left, not very often used. It could be butterfly, left/right and right/left, or it could be with no handhold. When using a handhold, we hold the arm of that hand forward, slightly retracted, just below shoulder level. We hold the free arm to the side, slightly retracted, fully retracted for jive. When holding no hands, the arms are slightly forward, retracted, with the elbows fairly close to the body. In the figure descriptions, unless stated otherwise, we assume a normal right to left hand hold. Fan Position The lady is almost at an arm's length on the man's left side. Her body is nearly at right angles to the man's. If the lady were to move forward, she would pass in front of his body. The lady is on her left foot after taking a backward walk. The man's right foot is side and slightly forward, supporting full weight. The man's left and the lady's right hands are joined. The lady's right arm is forward, slightly retracted and the man's left arm is side, slightly retracted. Neither dancer should have to reach for their partner. The free arms should be to the side and slightly retracted, just below shoulder level. Promenade Position (Semi-Closed Position) Use this position in the Samba, Jive and Paso Doble. Normally the man will turn 1/8 to the left and the lady 1/8 to the right from closed position, lowering the left (man) and right (lady) arms. Slightly more turn out is acceptable for some figures. Especially those in the samba that require a pelvic action. Latin American Gen Info - 2 S#7 - 2003 Latin American Introduction - General Information Counter Promenade Position (Reverse Semi-Closed Position) Use this position in Samba and Paso Doble. The bodies will be apart by approximately nine inches. We hold the man's left and the lady's right arms raised above the head level, slightly retracted. The man will turn 1/8 to the right from closed position and the lady 1/8 to the left. The man's right arm will be forward, slightly retracted, just below shoulder level. On some figures his right hand may slip from the lady's shoulder blade to the top or the her arm. The lady's left arm would rest lightly along the man's arm, following the same curve. Open Promenade Position (Open Position) Use this position in Samba, Rumba and Cha Cha. It is similar to Open Position with man’s left and lady’s right hand hold, with the following differences: We hold the arms (left and right) diagonally forward, slightly retracted. The man has turned up to 1/4 to the left and the lady up to 1/4 to the right. When there is a 1/4 turn difference between man and lady, the foot position will be side in Open Promenade. When the difference is 1/2 a turn the foot position will be forward in Open Promenade. Open Counter Promenade Position (Left Open Position) Use this position in Rumba, Samba and Cha Cha. This position is quite similar to Open Promenade Position except that the man’s left and lady’s right hands are joined. We often refer to this position, in Round Dancing, as Left Open Position. Fallaway Position Used in the Paso Doble. This position is Promenade Position with the dancers taking a back step with the outside foot. The turn away is normally no more than a 1/4 (1/8 each) turn. Open Fallaway Position Use this position in Rumba and Cha Cha. The dancers take a backward walk and turn away with a 1/4 turn each. The turn into this position can be in either direction. It is a Fallaway with left/right hand hold or right/left handhold. The body shaping and arm positions are opposite to each. Shadow Position Used in Rumba, Samba, Cha Cha and Jive/Swing. The lady faces the same way as her partner. The weight can be on the same foot or the normal opposite. She is slightly to the man's right side and slightly in forward of his position. Hand holds and arm positions depend on the figure that is being danced. The lady could be in a wrapped position, there could be no hands held, or the man could have his right Latin American Gen Info - 3 S#7 - 2003 Latin American Introduction - General Information hand on the lady's right shoulder, holding her left in his left.
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