No. 16-1307 In the Supreme Court of the United States ALI HAMZA AHMAD SULIMAN AL BAHLUL, PETITIONER v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ON PETITION FOR A WRIT OF CERTIORARI TO THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA CIRCUIT BRIEF FOR THE UNITED STATES IN OPPOSITION JEFFREY B. WALL Acting Solicitor General Counsel of Record DANA J. BOENTE Acting Assistant Attorney General JOSEPH F. PALMER DANIELLE S. TARIN Attorneys Department of Justice Washington, D.C. 20530-0001
[email protected] (202) 514-2217 QUESTIONS PRESENTED 1. Whether the military commission plainly erred in not sua sponte dismissing the charge against petitioner of conspiracy to commit war crimes on the ground that Congress violated Article III by making that offense triable by military commission. 2. Whether the Military Commissions Act of 2006 (2006 MCA), 10 U.S.C. 948a et seq. (2006), authorizes prosecutions for conspiracy to commit war crimes based on conduct committed before its enactment. 3. Whether petitioner’s conspiracy conviction based on conduct that pre-dated enactment of the 2006 MCA plainly violated the Ex Post Facto Clause. 4. Whether the 2006 MCA plainly violated the equal protection component of the Due Process Clause because it limited the jurisdiction of military commissions to of- fenses committed by alien unlawful enemy combatants. (I) TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Opinions below .............................................................................. 1 Jurisdiction .................................................................................... 1 Statement ...................................................................................... 2 Argument ..................................................................................... 15 Conclusion ................................................................................... 33 TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Cases: Al-Bihani v. Obama, 590 F.3d 866 (D.C. Cir. 2010), cert. denied, 563 U.S. 929 (2011) ....................................... 32 B&B Hardware, Inc.