DOCSLIB.ORG

006 March 2021 Oranges and Lemons

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
006 March 2021 Oranges and Lemons March 2021: Oranges and Lemons This is not about fruit! It is an imaginative twist used by our March Zoom speaker who gave us architectural and other background on the churches mentioned in this traditional nursery rhyme. St Clement’s “Oranges and lemons, say the bells of St Clement’s” These are the bells of St Clements Eastcheap, “cheap” in former times meaning market. The church is tucked away off King William Street near London Bridge. The original wooden church on the site was destroyed (like several others below) in the Great Fire of London 1666. The current church was designed by Sir Christopher Wren. It is an irregular shape dictated by the site. It has a plain tower with stuccoed bays and a gilded reredos and roof. The association with oranges and lemons is due to wharf which was nearby and where citrus fruits were unloaded. St Martin’s “You owe me five farthings, say the bells of St Martin's” This is the well-known St Martin-in-the-Fields church at Trafalgar Square. There has been a church on the site (which was originally fields outside the city walls) from the 13 th century. The current church was rebuilt in 1726. Designed by James Gibbs, it is a blend of Baroque and Palladian styles with Corinthian columns. The spire is 59m high. It holds a full circle of 12 bells, the largest of which weighs 1,486kg. It is the official church of Buckingham and St James’s Palaces. The “five farthings” in the rhyme relates to the money lenders who traded nearby. Today the church has a strong tradition of helping the homeless, being known as “The Church of the Ever Open Door”. Old Bailey “When will you pay me? Say the bells of Old Bailey” Old Bailey is the street which is home to The Church of the Holy Sepulchre- without-Newgate. It is the largest church in the city. The tower dates from 1450 but the main church was destroyed in the Great Fire. The interior is described as “a polyglot of different styles and re-designs”. It contains the Musicians’ Chapel, where, among other musicians, Sir Henry Wood, founder of the ‘Proms’, is buried. Being close to the gallows at Newgate, a handbell made in 1605 was rung outside a prisoner’s cell at midnight the day before their execution. Bells in the main tower also announced an execution to the public at large. St Leonard’s, Shoreditch “When I grow rich, say the bells of Shoreditch” The current church dates from 1736. There may have been a church on the site since Saxon times, though the first mention is in the 12 th century. The medieval church suffered a collapse of its tower in 1716. It was rebuilt in Palladian style by George Dance the elder, who had worked under Wren. It contains slender Doric columns, subtle colonnades and large bright windows, an innovation at the time. In earlier times there were 8 bells but today it has a main ring of 12 bells plus a ‘sharp second’. Three of the bells feature on the coat of arms of the Borough of Hackney. St Dunstan’s, Stepney “And when will that be? Say the bells of Stepney” The full name of this church is St Dunstan and All Saints. It is the oldest church in the East End. Dunstan, Bishop of London, who was also Mayor of Stepney around AD950, replaced an original wooden church with a stone one. The current building is the third on the site dating from the mid-15 th century and built of Kentish ragstone. The chancel is 13 th century. Above the main entrance are two carvings – on the left a ship and on the right a devil with tongs. The ship represents the long association of the church with seamen. Thus the church is often depicted showing the Red Ensign. It also allowed registration of children born at sea to be members of the parish. There are ten bells, the heaviest being 1.46 tonnes. The seven oldest were cast in the famous Whitechapel foundry in 1806. St Mary-le-Bow “I do not know, says the great bell of Bow” Like others, there was a church on the site in Saxon times. The medieval church was another that was burnt down in the Great Fire. It was one of the first Wren churches to be rebuilt afterwards. Its style is known as “restrained Baroque”. Its classic steeple was an important landmark at 68m tall, the second tallest in London. It has a pilastered belfry that supports a balustrade with scrolled finials at the corners. The church was destroyed by German bombing in 1941 but was rebuilt in 1960-64. It is said that to be a true cockney you must be born within the sound of Bow Bells. At one time this could be as far away as Southwark or Waltham Forest, but today it is only in the City and Shoreditch. The church was famous in the Middle Ages as being the place where London’s single curfew bell was rung to herald the end of the working day. This was referenced in 1469 when the Council ordered its ringing at 9pm. Seven of the original set of 8 bells were recast at the time of Wren’s rebuilding. Two more were added later and the set of ten first rung to celebrate the 25 th birthday of King George III in 1763. Most recently a new set of 12 bells was cast in 1956. The great bell today weighs 2.1 tonnes and is 155cm diameter. (Photos: Public domain or Creative Commons Licence - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en; St Martin’s: Robert Cutts; Old Bailey: Johan Bakker; St Mary-le-Bow: Steve Cadman) .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Anniversary Tour to London 2011
    The Anniversary Tour to London 2011 Welcome to the first assembly of the new school year! I welcome in particular the new teachers, the Form 1 boys and Form 6 students who joined in September and for whom this is their first assembly at SPC. It has been a long time since the Hall was closed for renovation last June. There are still a few jobs to be completed and some specific items to be added and these details will be carried out in the near future. It is our aim to have the Hall fully operational by Speech Day on the 2nd of December. I imagine that you have been disappointed not hearing my talks at assembly on Monday mornings! However, you must have been pleased to see that I continued to write a weekly address and that they were uploaded onto the College website each Monday afternoon. If you have not had an opportunity as yet to read these talks you can still find them on the website! Last week we were very fortunate in hosting five students and two teachers from Trinity Pawling School in New York State. Trinity Pawling is a boarding school for boys located about 100 kilometres to the north of New York City. Earlier this year Mr. Ryan, Miss Chan and six of your classmates spent a week at Trinity Pawling and returned with wonderful experiences and many memories from their trip. Last week was our turn to extend this warm hospitality. Last week’s visit was also a first for our College in that it was the first time that we have provided homestay to our visitors.
    [Show full text]
  • Myfanwy Mynyddog (Richard Davies), Joseph Parry
    CANTABILE – THE LONDON QUARTET THE GREAT BRITISH A CAPPELLA SONGBOOK EIGENTUM DES VERLEGERS · ALLE RECHTE VORBEHALTEN ALL RIGHTS RESERVED PETERS EDITION LTD A member of the Edition Peters Group FRANKFURT/M. · LEIPZIG · LONDON · NEW YORK CCantabileantabile AAnthologynthology LLAYOUT.inddAYOUT.indd 1 110/8/20120/8/2012 1:06:361:06:36 PPMM Cantabile − The London Quartet is managed by artist management A Foggy Day. Music and Lyrics by George Gershwin and Ira Gershwin. Arranged by Cantabile − The London Quartet. © 1937 (renewed) Chappell & Co Inc, USA. This arrangement © 2012 Chappell & Co Inc, USA. Warner/Chappell North America Ltd, London W6 8BS. Reproduced by permission of Faber Music Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Pomp and Circumstance by Edward Elgar. Words © 2012 by Margarete and Julian Forsyth. Lullaby (‘Hush Macushla’) by Cantabile − The London Quartet. © Copyright 2012 by Cantabile − The London Quartet. All other arrangements in this collection © Copyright 2012 by Cantabile − The London Quartet. Peters Edition Limited 2−6 Baches Street London N1 6DN Tel: +44 (0)20 7553 4000 Fax: +44 (0)20 7490 4921 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.editionpeters.com CCantabileantabile AAnthologynthology LLAYOUT.inddAYOUT.indd 2 110/8/20120/8/2012 1:07:041:07:04 PPMM CONTENTS Foreword . 4 Vorwort . 5 About the Songs . 6 Über die Stücke . 8 Pastime with Good Company King Henry VIII of England . 11 Greensleeves Traditional English . 14 Oranges and Lemons Traditional English . 22 Myfanwy Mynyddog (Richard Davies), Joseph Parry . 30 Danny Boy, ‘I Would be True’ Traditional Irish (Londonderry Air) Frederic E. Weatherly, Howard Walter . 35 A Man’s a Man for A’ That Traditional Scottish / Robert Burns (‘Lady McIntosh’s Reel’) .
    [Show full text]
  • Wren and the English Baroque
    What is English Baroque? • An architectural style promoted by Christopher Wren (1632-1723) that developed between the Great Fire (1666) and the Treaty of Utrecht (1713). It is associated with the new freedom of the Restoration following the Cromwell’s puritan restrictions and the Great Fire of London provided a blank canvas for architects. In France the repeal of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 revived religious conflict and caused many French Huguenot craftsmen to move to England. • In total Wren built 52 churches in London of which his most famous is St Paul’s Cathedral (1675-1711). Wren met Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680) in Paris in August 1665 and Wren’s later designs tempered the exuberant articulation of Bernini’s and Francesco Borromini’s (1599-1667) architecture in Italy with the sober, strict classical architecture of Inigo Jones. • The first truly Baroque English country house was Chatsworth, started in 1687 and designed by William Talman. • The culmination of English Baroque came with Sir John Vanbrugh (1664-1726) and Nicholas Hawksmoor (1661-1736), Castle Howard (1699, flamboyant assemble of restless masses), Blenheim Palace (1705, vast belvederes of massed stone with curious finials), and Appuldurcombe House, Isle of Wight (now in ruins). Vanburgh’s final work was Seaton Delaval Hall (1718, unique in its structural audacity). Vanburgh was a Restoration playwright and the English Baroque is a theatrical creation. In the early 18th century the English Baroque went out of fashion. It was associated with Toryism, the Continent and Popery by the dominant Protestant Whig aristocracy. The Whig Thomas Watson-Wentworth, 1st Marquess of Rockingham, built a Baroque house in the 1720s but criticism resulted in the huge new Palladian building, Wentworth Woodhouse, we see today.
    [Show full text]
  • The Heart of the Empire
    The heart of the Empire A self-guided walk along the Strand ww.discoverin w gbrita in.o the stories of our rg lands discovered th cape rough w s alks 2 Contents Introduction 4 Route map 5 Practical information 6 Commentary 8 Credits 30 © The Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, London, 2015 Discovering Britain is a project of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) The digital and print maps used for Discovering Britain are licensed to the RGS-IBG from Ordnance Survey Cover image: Detail of South Africa House © Mike jackson RGS-IBG Discovering Britain 3 The heart of the Empire Discover London’s Strand and its imperial connections At its height, Britain’s Empire covered one-quarter of the Earth’s land area and one-third of the world’s population. It was the largest Empire in history. If the Empire’s beating heart was London, then The Strand was one of its major arteries. This mile- long street beside the River Thames was home to some of the Empire’s administrative, legal and commercial functions. The days of Empire are long gone but its legacy remains in the landscape. A walk down this modern London street is a fascinating journey through Britain’s imperial history. This walk was created in 2012 by Mike Jackson and Gary Gray, both Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG). It was originally part of a series that explored how our towns and cities have been shaped for many centuries by some of the 206 participating nations in the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.
    [Show full text]
  • Nov a Scotia and the Far-Flung Norse
    NOV A SCOTIA AND THE FAR-FLUNG NORSE VICTOR PLARR THE ancient Norsemen were a far-flung race. From the ninth to the eleventh century of the Christian Era they spread throughout the world, colonizing and conquering kingdoms. In their long ships~a fierce and blue-eyed multitude-the old Nor­ wegians, Swedes, and Danes went south and east and west to new worlds. It is now perhaps beyond dispute that America was discovered by Vikings, for Leif, son of Eric the Red, undoubtedly set foot on North American soil in the year 1000 A. D., the millennia! year that saw the crowning of Charlemagne as Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, on Christmas Day, in the great church of Saint Peter at Rome. That year was to have marked the end of the world, as many of the faithful believed : instead, it saw the first faint beginning of an infinite change in etlmic adjustments. Europe discovered America in 1000 A. D., and three years later Nova Scotia was settled- for a time, at least. Greenland had been discovered by the Norwegian Icelander Eric the Red in 982 A. D., and had been settled by Icelanders originally from Norway and from Norse Ireland. In 1003 A. D. Torfinn Karlsefne sailed from Norse Greenland with three or four ships and some 150 men, and formed a colony in Nova Scotia, or, as his generation called it, Vinland (Wineland). The locale of Wineland the Good, so celebrated in the old Norse Sagas of Iceland known as Hauk's Book and the Book of Flatey (Flat Ey, or Island), has been the subject of much dispute; but the majority of American scholars, according to Prof.
    [Show full text]
  • Oranges and Lemons
    1 Stepney St Dunstans Stepney High St Church of the High Seas When will that be Wives awaiting return of sailors not knowing how long they will be away 2 Bells of Whitechapel Near Fieldgate St Refers to foundry most famous for The Liberty Bell and Big Ben Two sticks and an apple Possibly refers to hand bells made in a shape similar to an apple 2(a) Bells of Aldgate Refers to foundry probably sited north of Whitechapel Rd Cast at least one of St Botolph’s bells Old father bald pate Refers to St Botolph, Bald pate being colloquialism for bald headed person 3 Shoreditch St Leonards Kingsland Rd Frequented by many Elizabethan actors grave of William Hogarth When I Grow Rich Optimistic saying of the inhabitants of this very poor district 4 Bells at St Katherine’s Cree Leadenhall St Cree an abbreviation of Christ Church, A Great Fire survivor Maids in White Aprons Costume of women who sold the wares of the market inc. Meat, poultry and fish 5 Bells of St Helens Bishopsgate Used by rich merchants living in the area You owe me Ten shillings Some merchants were unscrupulous money lenders inc. Shakespeare’s father 5(a) Bells of St Johns Chapel located on 2nd floor of the White Tower (Tower of London) Pokers and Tongs Instruments of torture used in The Tower. 6 Bells of St Peter’s Cornhill Dates back To AD167 one of London’s First Christian sites Pancakes and Fritters food sold to local workers at the Corn Market. “London 1st Fast Food!” 7 Bells of St Clement’s Clements Lane Eastcheap Oranges and Lemons Citrus fruit unloaded from nearby wharfs 8 Bells of St Martin’s Martin Lane Damaged in Great Fire Tower repaired demolished 1847 rebuilt 1851 bell rehung Halfpence and farthings Martin Lane was a notorious money lending area .
    [Show full text]
  • Games Our Great Grandparents Played. a Glimpse of Some Games Played in the Past
    GAMES OUR GREAT GRANDPARENTS PLAYED. A GLIMPSE OF SOME GAMES PLAYED IN THE PAST. The New Zealand Curriculum key competencies covered in this lesson: thinking using language, symbols, and texts managing self relating to others participating and contributing The New Zealand Curriculum Imagine a time before learning areas (or subject areas) in this computers, cell phones and lesson: flat screen T.V.s. Without the • English technology that occupies our • the Arts time today, what did our • health and physical education parents, grandparents and great-grandparents do for fun • science when they were children? • social sciences • technology HOOPS Hoop rolling has been a favourite outdoor activity for children for centuries. Early hoops were of metal, in the 1800s handmade wood hoops were all the rage as a favourite plaything. The child's hoop was propelled by stroking a one-foot dowel or stick along the top. The 20th century hula-hoop is a modern- day version of this treasured plaything. JUMP ROPE While many people on a playground equate jump-roping with youth, the fact is that the tradition of jumping rope goes back to early human history. The sport has developed greatly from the earliest days of rope jumping to the present day and is now a competitive sport. The practice dates back to ancient times, known as jumping rope, skipping rope, rope jumping, jump rope and skipping. The Egyptians used to leap over trees, aborigines jumped over bamboo, and medieval paintings show pictures of kids jumping hoops. ORANGES & LEMONS Oranges and lemons, Say the bells of St. Clement's.
    [Show full text]
  • 1937-05-09 [P E-12]
    conceived the amazing plan of grab- with rubies, sapphires, emeralds and saw the colonel followed edge away, estimable value were frisked from their But a free the perhaps pardon might Plans bing Jewels. diamonds. him to St. Katharine’s and Diamonds were Benefit wharf, pockets. picked out turn would-be rebels Into loyal sup- In those days the jewels were not Outside he saw a man strange there locked with him. of the river mud. porters, he suggested. CROWN so strongly guarded as today. They about. he entered a STOLEN lounging Alarmed, Blood it in In face Jerked pistol, snapped the of public anger the It worked! Blood was pardoned, re- were kept on the ground floor of Mar- the tower. On the way he the face. It misfired. Other* Irishman passed guard's doughty remained cool, grew ceived Into the court and granted art tin Tower in an iron cage, and an by Blood and his confederates as they fought the weaving arms of the Irish- flippant. "Anything for a crown," he estate In Ireland, where he lived 88-year-old keeper entrusted with their until were leaving. They carried their haul man. In the melee the precious stones Joked. his death In 1680. care. STEMS AGO beneath their cloaks; the filed scep- spilled from the crown into the mud— Blood Struck Up Friendship. ter was left behind as a too-trouble- a glittering stream of fire. some The other were The keeper lived in the upper floors, Job. conspirators rounded the old man Gems in- Five New Compositions Today Is Anniversary of and Blood, now disguised as a parson, Unbound, .ran down up, kicking, shouting.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Deception and Dogma: the Delusive History Behind Nursery Rhymes
    European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies Vol.5, No.4, pp.27-52, April 2017 ___Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) OF DECEPTION AND DOGMA: THE DELUSIVE HISTORY BEHIND NURSERY RHYMES Abhik Maiti Pursuing M.A in English, University of Calcutta. M.A in History. P.G. Diploma in Tagore Literature, Diploma in Fine Arts. Deep Naskar Pursuing M.A in English, University of Calcutta. ABSTRACT: “This self-deceit, this fatal weakness of mankind, is the source of half the disorders of human life.” (Adam Smith, The Theory of Moral Sentiments.)Children’s literature is essentially a literature of deception. Just as Aesop’s Fables preach moral truths in the guise of fables, many nursery rhymes born of contemporary socio economic turbulence, bespeaks of trauma, murders, gore, sexuality or death through the apparent lucidity of nursery rhymes. Just as Rossetti’s Ferry Me across the River may be read as a deep philosophical poem on Death and the Final Passage over the river Lethe, her Goblin Market (often read as a children’s rhyme) bespeaks of homosexuality and hides a feminist subtext. From Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels, often included in the domain of children’s fiction to Philip Pullman’s Dark Matter Trilogy for children permeates with its re-readings of Anti- Christian ideology, it is hardly surprising that most nursery rhymes have meanings deeper than the reach of their intended audience. So the question arises- “How and why do people tell a lie? One useful approach to addressing this question is to elucidate the neural substrates for deception.
    [Show full text]
  • Oranges and Lemons, Sunday 1 September 2019 a Circular Walk Visiting the Churches Mentioned in Several Versions of the Oranges and Lemons Rhyme
    Oranges and Lemons, Sunday 1 September 2019 A circular walk visiting the churches mentioned in several versions of the Oranges and Lemons rhyme: The Nursery Rhyme (with help from Google, Wikipedia and Dickon Love’s guides to London bells with apologies for any errors or mistakes!) Oranges and Lemons is a traditional English nursery rhyme, folksong and singing game which refers to the bells of several churches and a bell foundry within, or close to, the City of London. There are various theories as to its meaning; however there is considerable variation in the churches and lines attached to them in versions printed in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, which makes any overall meaning difficult to establish. The identity of some of the churches is not always clear, with two claims each for the St Martin, St Clement and Bow. Whilst they may have had bells in the past, not all the churches have bells that can be used for English style change ringing now. Probably the most familiar nursery rhyme is: Oranges and lemons, Say the bells of St Clement's. You owe me five farthings, Say the bells of St Martin's. When will you pay me? Say the bells at Old Bailey. When I grow rich, Say the bells at Shoreditch. When will that be? Say the bells of Stepney. I do not know, Says the great bell at Bow. Here comes a candle to light you to bed, And here comes a chopper to chop off your head! Chip chop chip chop the last man is dead.
    [Show full text]
  • The Soundscape of Church Bells  Sound Community Or Culture Clash
    Acoustics 08 Paris The soundscape of church bells - sound community or culture clash B. H Kiser and D. Lubman DL Acoustics, 14301 Middletown Lane, Westminster, CA 92683, USA [email protected] 5511 Acoustics 08 Paris Since the Middle Ages, church bells have created sound communities. Church bells have provided information for the community, as well as communal identity. It is shown here that a city’s history can sometimes be told through its soundscape. The city in this story is London; the soundscape is provided by the bells of St. Mary-Le-Bow, located on Cheapside, City of London. Since at least the 1600s, only those born within the sound of these bells, commonly known as Bow Bells, can call themselves Cockneys. Changing demographics can also change the cohesiveness of the sound community. The American city of Hamtramck, MI provides a contemporary example to show how changing demographics acan be reflected in a city’s soundscape. Rowlands said, “I scorne to let a Bow-bell cockney put me Introduction downe.” Soundscape may be defined as “An environment of sound ... The church of St. Mary-le-Bow dates back to the Norman with emphasis on the way it is perceived and understood by Conquest. The name is believed to have been derived from the individual, or by a society.”1 A society or community can the bowed arches of the Norman crypt. First mentioned in the be defined by the inhabitants’ relationship to, and perception nursery rhyme that told the tale of Dick Whittington, the of, particular sounds, such as fog horns in seafaring church and its bells have played an important role in communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Lean on Me Bill Withers
    Lean on Me Bill Withers Sometimes in our lives we all have pain We all have sorrow But if we are wise We know that there's always tomorrow Please swallow your pride If I have things you need to borrow For no one can fill those of your needs That you won't let show Lean on me, when you're not strong And I'll be your friend I'll help you carry on For it won't be long 'Til I'm gonna need Somebody to lean on You just call on me brother, when you need a hand We all need somebody to lean on I just might have a problem that you'll understand We all need somebody to lean on Lean on me, when you're not strong You just call on me brother, when you need a hand We all need somebody to lean on I just might have a problem that you'll understand We all need somebody to lean on If there is a load you have to bear That you can't carry I'm right up the road I'll share your load If you just call me Lean on me, when you're not strong Call me, call me, call me, call me. "Lean on Me" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Bill Withers (1938-2020). It was released in April 1972 as the first single from his second album, Still Bill. It was his only number one single on both the soul singles and the Billboard Hot 100.
    [Show full text]