....4cta ent. bohemoslov., 68 : 167-184, 1971

GREEN LACE-WINGS OF CZECHOSLOVAKI~"­ (NEUROPTERA, CHRYSOPID.ilE) JIRI ZELENY Institute of Entomology, Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, Praha

Received May 14, 1970

Green lace-wings (Chrysopidae), especially their larvae, are of great import­ ance as natural aphid enemies. Though much attention has been paid to this family of the N europtera, knowledge of the bionomy and ecology of Czechoslovak species is still insufficient and more detailed data on the distribution of Ohrysopidae in are needed. In this paper I summarise the existing data on the distribution of the species, their abundance and dominance, with notes on their bionomy and on the dates of emergence according to the study of my own material as well as that in our museums. The first papers concerning Chrysopidae of Czechoslovakia are by BRAUER & Low (1857) and SCHNEIDER (1885), and include 15 species (the other 6 are synonyms). The localities are not mentioned in these publications, nor in the paper by KLAPALEK (1895), who gives a survey of Czech Neuroptera, including 17 species of Ohrysopidae (the other 2 species are synonyms). Later papers with details of collections and records from various regions of Czechoslovakia are: KLAPALEK (1901, 1903, 1904a,b) giving species from Bohemia and Moravia, PONGRACZ (1912, 1913, 1914), MOCSA.RY (1918), FEKETE (1926, 1929) those from Slovakia. Other authors SA-MAL (1920), RIEDL (1925), SLAVicEK (1930) mention only one or two very common species. BALTHASAR (1938) gives 5 species from Slovakia. PFEFFER (1954) states that C. vulgaris and C. phyllochroma are important as natural aphid enemies in forests. BARTOS (1959) issued a key for 20 species from Czecho­ slovakia (the other species is a synonym), without localities, with notes on biotopes and on the time of emergence. Other authors, SKUHRAVY ~ NOVA.K (1957), SKUHRAVY, NOVAK & STARY (1959), MARTINEK (1960), STEPANO­ VICOVA. & BELAKOVA. (1960), DOSKOCIL & HURK.A. (1962), WEISMANN & VALLO (1963), OBRTEL (1969), ZELENY & HRDY (1969), CERNY & DOSKOCIL (1969) found the most common species as part of the insect fauna during the study of biocenoses of fields or forests. TEYROVSKY (1961, 1964) studied Chrysopidae on various biotopes in Silesia and near Tovacov in Hana. In recent years some species have been me",ntioned by ZELENY (1962, 1964, 1965, 1969) and HODEK, HOLMAN, STARY, STYS & ZELENY (1966) who have observed mainly the abundance of various species on agriculttlral plants. The European species and those species of .L~sia ~rinor and Central Asia have been sttldied by'" NAVAS (1915), and ill recent ~years particularly by PRINCIPI (1956), KIS (1959, 1968), ASPOCK H. & U. (1964, 1969a,b), STEINMANN (1964, 1967). HOLZEL (1965, 1967), EGLIN (1967, 1968a,b), ICKERT (1968), KIS, NAGLER & MANDRU (1970). The South African species of the fa lllily· Chrysopidae and the classification of genera and subgenera

167 have been studied particularly by TJEDER (1966), and tIle classification of the genera of the sllbfamily Notochrysin,ae has been clarified b~y ....~DAl\IS (1967).

M,A.TERIAL In addition to my o'\vn collections from 1965-1969 material has also been studied from various other sources: from collaborators in the Institute of Entomology of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, especially froIn Dr. K. Novak, (coIl. Zeleny); staff members at the Natural Sciences Faculty of Charles University in (colI. Zelen)T); the collections of the Department of Entomology, the National Museum of Natural History, Praha-Kunratice (colI. NMP); the collections of the Moravian Museum in Brno (coIl. MMB); material from Dr. Brtek from Slovakia - Vlastivedne muzeum Bojnice (Natural History and Historical Museum in Bojnice, coll. VMB); and from other workers (coIl. Zeleny'). I express my thanks to all of them.

The classification of genus and subgenus The family Chrysopidae is represented in Czechoslovakia by 5 genera in two subfamilies. Three genera have been so far commonly acknowledged by various authors, i.e. Hypochrysa, in Czechoslovakia one species: H. per­ nobilis; Notochrysa, in Czechoslovakia two species: N. fulviceps and N. capi­ tata; and the genus Chrysopa which in Czechoslovakia is represented by twenty species. Various authors have tried to divide the genus Chrysopa into several groups of species, subgenera or genera. In the present paper the genus Chrysopa s. lat. is divided according to TJEDER (1966) into the genus Nineta with three species: Nin. vittata, Nin. flava and Nin. paZZida; the genus Chrysotropia with the species Ohr. ciliata; and the genus Ohrysopa with the sixteen remaining species. The genera N ineta and Chrysotropia are, ho,vever, not commonly acknowledged (ASPOCK H. & U., 1969) even though they distinctly differ from each other, and from Chrysopa s. str. by some n10rphological characters e.g. in shape of the mandibles, in size, in wing venation, in male and female genitalia, in lTIorphology of the larvae and the food of the adults. A non-uniform evalllation of the importance of characters results especially from the fact that there are transitions between the named genera, and the genus Ohrysotropia is in reality the transitional genus between the genera Nineta and Chrysopa. The genus Ohrysopa is re­ presented in Czechoslovakia by five subgenera: Ohrysoperla, Apertochrysa, Suarius, Anisochrysa" Chrysopa.

Notes on tIle variation of wing venation When determining the species of the family Ohrysopidae, the course of the pseudomedia (Psm) and pseudocubitus (Psc) and their connection to the outer or inner series of gradates and the shape of the first intermedian cell (im) (Fig. 1) are important characters for the basic division of the family. In Hypochrysa the im cell is triangular and OCCllrs in the rear part of the rn3 cell (sooner also the third cubital cell). In Notochrysa im cell is subquadran­ gular and sometimes accessory crossveins lie over it (Fig. 2). In genera N ineta, Chrysotropia and Ohrysopa im cell is in the typical case triangular (Fig. 3-6) and is in the front part of m3 cell. Cell im however, especially in the genus ChrYSOpa, shows considerable variation in some species and transitions occur from the triangular shape (Fig. 3-6) to the typical quadr­ angular shape (Fig. 7-14) as in Notochrysa, described sometimes as "noto­ chrysoid shape" of im cell. OHM (1961) carried out an analysis of the indivi-

168 Sc Rs ,

g --0 g ,I I~~.~~ '. JI __~ __~~~, '" ~~ ~~-~~_~

'\ , Psm 1 Cu PSC

Fig. 1: Forewing of green lace-wings (Ohrysopa prasina). Psm - pseudomedia, Psc - pseudocubitus. im - 1st interrnedian cell, 1111, lu2, m3 - Illedian cell, ig - inner series of gradates, og - outer series of gradates.

duals of species in the genus Chrysopa s. lat. a,nd ascertained a quadrangular shape of im cell in 30~0 of individuals in some species, in other species less % than 10 , and in some species this anolnaly wa,s not found by him. ASPOCK H. & U. (1964) state that similar variation found in species in Germany occurs also in Austria. GREEVE (1969) mentions this anomaly from Norway, in Czechoslovakia TEYROVSKY (1961) gives similar examples in C. perla. In the specimens fron1 Czechoslovakia the frequency of the "notochrysoid shape" of im cell has not been ascertained. I observed, however, a quadr­ allgular im cell in Nin. vittata (Fig. 8), Chr. ciliata (Fig. 9), O. carnea (Fig. 10), c. albol1~neata (Fig. 7), C. flavifrons, C. ventralis (Fig. 11), O. prasina, C. septempunctata (Fig. 14), O. phyllochroma, C. commata (Fig. 13), C. abbre­ viata*), C. perla (Fig. 12), C. dorsalis. The transitory shapes between the triangular and the quadranglllar im cell do of course invariably occur, it depends mainly on the time when little veins Ml+2 and M3+4 connect again after disconnection. The course of the veins on the left and on the right 'ving may differ. Also tlhe first rs-m crossvein is significant for determi­ nation. In C. carnea it reaches as far as behind the im cell or to its limit (similarly as in C. gracilis where it passes most often to the place of the connection Mrl+2 and M 3 + 4 ), but there are also transition and the crossvein may also re~ch- -to im cell. In other species of the genus Chrysopa (Fig. 1) the first cros!tVein rs-m reaches always to im cell, however there occurs a variation in the shift of the crossvein to nearly behind this cell (Fig. 5). In the species from the genus Nineta and Ch,rysopa which have not been mentioned above, I ascertained so far only a typical triangular im cell. Because of the above Inentioned variation of "the wings it is not possible to determine species according to one character only, and several characters, illcluding those on the posterior segments of the abdomen and especially'" the genitalia, should be studied.

TIle zoogeographic characteristics of Ohrysopidae of Czechoslovakia (faunistic elements)

0 1. The Holarctic element: Nin·. flava, O. carttea, 8.7 / 0 of species. 2. The Palea,rctic elelnellt: C. abbreviata, C. albolineata" C. flavifrons,

169 Figs. 2-14. Varialiion of im cell and the atypical venation in some spe­ cies: 2 - N otochrysa julviceps, 3 - Ohrysopa carnea, 4 - o. gracilis, 5 - Ohrysotropia ciliata, 6 - Ohrysopa prasina, 7 - O. albolineata, 8 - Ninefa vittata, 9 - Ohrysotropia ciliata, 10 - Ohrysopa carnea, 11 - O. ventrali8, 12 - O. perla, 13 - O. commata, 14 - O.8eptempunctata. c. pkyllockroma, C. prasina, C. septempunctata; the species of the north and the temperate zone of the Palearctic region - Nin. vittata, Okra ciliata, C. perla; the South-Palearctic species - O. formosa; 43.50/0 of species. 3. The European element, distributed throughout whole of Europe - N. capitata, N. fulviceps, O. commata~, O. dorsalis, O. ventralis; 21.8010 of species; distribution in Central Europe - H. pernobilis, Nin. pallida, C. gracilis; 13% of species. 4. The Mediterranean element: O. hungarica, O. viridana, O. walkeri; 13% of species. Our Ohrysopidae are typical inhabitants of the zone of the temperate deciduous forest. One species only belongs perhaps by its origin to the steppe zone, i.e. O. hungarica. We know, however, very little about the distribution of this species. The most abundant and most widespread are the species f \vhich have a Holarctic (0. ca,rnea) or a Paleartic (C • perla) distribution.

*) The specimen from Germa.ny ,vas described erroneously a.s Notochrysa germanica ESBEX­ PETERSEN, 1913.

170 The Palearctic species form three groups, the first and largest group includes the species spread through the whole Palearctic region. The European species form two groups, the first one consisting of the species spread through­ out Europe, and the second of three species known only from Central Europe which in their southern range reach to the northern part of the Balkan peninsula. Three species which belong to the Mediterranean faunistic ele­ ment are found in Czechoslovakia. C. viridana and O. walkeri OCCllr only in the most southern regions of Slovakia, O. hungarica is known only from the area of the rests of original steppe in south Moravia (Pouzdtany), from the biotope from which originate the records of Orthoptera associated with dry, warm steppe.

The abundance and dominance of the species Table 1 shows the abundance and dominance of the species according to the captured individuals, especially according to my own collections from 1956-1967, when most of the specimens were collected by sweeping. (The material from 1968 and 1969 has been used for the rest of the study - the

TABLE 1 Abundance and dominance of species

Of. Species Number Species Number 10

1 O.oarnea 6342 60.71 13 C. graoili8 39 0.44 2 C. perla 767 8.67 14 C. jlaviJron8 32 0.36 3 O. commata 340 3.84 15 C. dorsalis 30 0.34 4 O. phyllochroma 292 3.30 16 C. formosa 23 0.26 5 C. septempunctata 245 2.77 1 7 O. abbreviata 17 0.19 6 Ohr. ciliata 196 2.22 18 C. hungarica 12 0.14 7 O. prasina 167 1.89 19 O. viridana 3 0.03 8 C. ventraUs 89 1.01 20 N. capitata 2 0.02 9 Nin. jlava 84 0.95 21 N. julviceps 2 0.02 IONin. pallida 65 0.74 22 H. pernobilis 2 0.02 11 O. albolineata 57 0.64 23 O. walkeri 1 0.01 12 Nin. vittata 43 0.49 recognition of further distribution, variation etc., but is not included in the quantitative evaluation.) It can be seen from the survey that the species form approximately five groups according to the number of collected speci­ mens. The most abundant species is O. carnea, forming the greater part of the collections - 60.71 %. Then follows a group consisting of six species (Table 1, species 2-7), which are widely distributed and occur most oftell in various biotopes, these species forming 22.68% of materials. There is further a group of 9 species (Tab. 1, species 8-16) which are restricted to the certain biotopes only or to a certain altitude and are not so widely distributed. On sllitable biotopes, however, they can be quite abundant. These species form 5.23% of the material. Two otller species (Tab. 1, 17 and 18) form 0.33010 of the material. The stenotopic species involved are very closely bound to very special biotopes, and in their particlllar habitats may be very abulldant. The last five species (Tab. I, 19-23) form in total

171 .--+---~--

15

Fig. 15: The 48 faunistic districts of Czechoslovakia; houndaries are dotted.

0 only 0.10 / 0 of the material stlldied. Only single, occasional findings are involved. It is obvious that the survey in Table I is not quite objective, and the majority of the most abundant species C. carnea and C. perla is in reality still greater.

Division of Czechoslovakia into faunistic districts As it is not possible and would be also useless to quote all the localities in which a species was found, and in order to master the knowledge re­ garding the distribution of the species in Czechoslovakia, the whole territory has been divided into 48 faunistic districts (Fig. 15). HowTever, certain special localities are mentioned when they differ considerably from the rest of the territory. The geographic regions according to CERMAK et ale (1955) have been taken as a basis, and the zoogeographic division of Czechoslovakia carried out by l\iARAN (1956, 1958). The phytogeographi~ division of Czecho­ sloval{ia by NOVAK (1954) and by DOSTAL (1960) and the orographical system of HRoMADKA (1956, 1968), and the division q"uoted by PULPAN (1968) were also taken into consideration.

The faunistic districts into "\vhich Czechoslovakia has been divided in this paper are as follows: 1 The lowland of the Tisa-river, 2 the Danube lowland (+ Sturovo), 3 Zahori lowland, 4 the basin of the rivers Ipel and Rimava, Slovakian karst country, Kosice lowland, 5 the vaneys of the rivers Dyje and Svratka, the lower part of the Morava river basin, (+ Palava hills, +.... Pouzdrany), 6 the basin of the upper course of the Morava river, 7 the basin of the Labe river, 8 Ceske Stredo­ horf mountains, 9 the Prague plateau, 10 the Rakovnfk plateau, (+ the Bohemian karst), 11 Brdy-mountains and Podbrdsko (the foothills of the Brdy mountains), 12 the Central Bohemian Highland, 13 the ancient (Kainozoic-age) lake-country in southern Bohemia, 14 Podkrkonosi (the southern foothills of the Giant mountains), 15 the district of sandstone rocks in northern Bohemia, Luzice hill-country, 16 the basin of the Rudohorl mountains (), 17 Tepla - Jesenice plateau, Doupov mountain, 18 Cesky les (the northern part of the Bohemia Forest), 19 the hill-country of the Sumava mountains, the basin of PIzen, 20 Novohrad mountains, the hill-country of the Novohrad mountains, 21 the Bohemian-Moravian highland, 22 the hill· country of the Bohemian-Moravian highland, 23 Drahany highland, the Moravian karst, 24 Chriby-hills, Zeliinsky les-hilIs, 25 :Nizky Jesenik mountains, Odra mountains, the Silesian lo,v-

172 land near Opava, 26 the basin of Ostrava, the broad valley between the Carpathian and Odra mountains, 27 Hostynske Beskydy hills, Vizovice hill-country, 28 Bile Karpaty hills, 29 Male Karpaty hills (Little Carpathians), 30 Inovec mountains, Strazov mountains, 31 Tribec mount&ius, Vtacnfk mountains, 32 Stiavnica mountains, Krupina mountains, 33 Levoca mountains, Cerchov Inountains, 34 Eastern Beskydy mountains, 35 Slanske pohorie mountains, 36 Orlice mountains, Podorlici (the western foothills of the Orlice mountains), 37 Krkonose (Giant mountains), , 38 Rudohorf (Ore mountains), 39 Sumava (the southern part of the ), 40 Hruby J esenik mountains, Rychlebske mountains, 41 Moravskoslezske Beskydy and Javornlky mountains, 42 Mala Fatra mountains, 43 the Western Beskydy mountains, 44 Vysoke Tatry and Belanske Tatry mountains, 45 Velka Fatra mountains, 46 Nizke Tatry mountains, 47 Slovenske Rudohorie (Slovakian Ore mountains), 48 Vihorlat mountains, the J.Jower Poloniny mounta-ins. The zonation of the districts follows MARAN: 1-5 the steppe-zone, 6-35 the zone of the temperate deciduous forest, 36-40 the province of Varinian mountains, 41-48 province of Carpathian mountains. The territory of Bohemia is divided into 20 faunistic districts: 7-22, 36-39; Moravia into 12 faunistic districts: 5, 6, 21-28,40,41; Slovakia into 20 faunistic districts: 1-4, 28-35, 41-48. Only examples of the localities from the individual faunistic districts are given for the common species whicll are numbered in the text; for un­ common species all localities are given, sometimes also with dates of collec­ tion and number of collected specimens. From the literature only records (locality) published for the first time are given. In cases where the data were only taken over by the author or where no localities are stated, merely the author and the year are cited.

Survey of species of family Chrysopidae SCHNEIDER, 1851 *)

Subfamily Notochrysinae NAVAs, 1910

Genus Hypochrysa H~I\.GEN, 1866. Hypochrysa pernobilis TJEDER, 1967 (Syn.: H. nobilis SCHNEIDER, 1851). Expanse 20-23 mm. The Central-European faunistic element. Occurring locally throughout Europe except the U.S.S.R. Found always only singly_ A stenotopic species found in humid and warm biotopes, on deciduous bushes and trees in v. and vii. at about 700 m a.s.l. Locali ties. Recorded in the literature: 47 - Cervena Skala, BALTHASAR, 1938; BARTOS, 1959. Material examined: 47 - Cervena Skala vii. 1937 1 ~ leg. Baltha.sar, 31 - Klak v. 1957 1 ~ leg. Patocka.

Genus Notochrysa McLACHL.A.N, 1868 Notochrysa fulviceps (STEPHENS, 1836) [Syn.: Nathanica fulvicep8 (STEPHENS, 1836)]. Expanse 40-48 mm. Occurring throughout Europe, but not yet reported... from the U. S. S. R. Imagos in vi. on deciduous trees at about 800 m a.s.l. Localities. Recorded in the literature: 4 - Rimavska Sobota, PONGRACZ, 1913; 2, 30 - Trencfn, 30, 41 - Plichov, PONGRACZ, 1914; FEKETE, 1926; BARTOS 1959. New locali ties: 41 - Kolarovice 18. vi. 1963 1 6, 44 - Hincovo pleso in Vysoke Tatry mountains 27. vi. 1961 1 6" leg. K. Novak.

*) Pictorial key for the determination of species is given on four separate plates at the end of this issue (PI. I-IV").

173 N otoch1tysa capitata (FABRICI1JS, 1793) [8:Yl1.: .LVathanica capitata (FABRI­ CIUS, 1793)]. Expanse 30-37 mm. Occurring tllroughout Europe except the European parts of the U. S. S. R. A stenotopic species livillg on COl'lifers only; vicariant with N. fulviceps. Imagos in vi. a11d vii. at 350-550 m a.s.l.

Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAP~iLEK, 1895; 21 - Libice nad Doubra· vou, KLAPALEK, 1901: 30,41- Puchov, PONGRACZ, 1913, 1914; FEKETE, 1926. New localities: 17 - Karlovy Vary 9. vii. 1962 1 ~ leg. Zeleny, 42 - Jalovec 22. vi. 1961 I ¥ leg. Brtek.

Subfamily Chrysopinae ESBEN-PETERSEN, 1918 Genus Nineta NAVAS, 1912 Nineta vittata (WESMAEL, 1841) [Syn. Ckrysopavittata WESMAEL, 1841]. Ex­ panse 36-47 mm. Widespread in Europe (except South Europe) and in Northern Asia. Occurring exclusively on deciduous trees, imagos from 8. v. to 1. viii. at 190-900 m a. s. I. Material: 22 ~ 3 and 21 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 9 - Praha-Krc, 10 - Krnce, KLAPALEK, 1903; 30, 41 - Puchov, FEKETE, 1926; BARTOS, 1959. New localities: 7 - Kozovazy, Mochov, 11 - Rozelov, 15 - Sluknov, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Chodova Plana, 19 - Krasetin, 23 - Brno, 30 - Klacno, 31 - Jalovec, Nedozery, 36 - Hronov, Zdobnice, 37 - Cerny Dill, 38 - Nova Role, Nove Hamry, 39 - Horska Kvilda, Kaplice (Boubin), 44 - Javorina, 45 - Badin, 46 - Demanova, Jaraba, 48 - Nova Sedlica.

Nineta fiava (SCOPOLI, 1763) [Syn.: Ohrysopa jlava (SCOPOLI, 1763)]. Expanse 35-48 mm. Widely distributed in Europe, and KILLINGTON (1937) states that it is known also from Morocco and North America. A species with wide ecological valence living on deciduous trees. Imagos from 1. vi. to 21. viii. (25. ix.) at 170-800 m a.s.l. Material: 23 C;C; and 61 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 21 - Libice nad Doubra­ vou, KLAPALEK, 1901; 1- SlovenskeNoveMesto,2, 30 - Trencin, 30,41 - Puchov, 45, 47- Sliac, PONGRACZ, 1912; MOCSARY, 1918; FEKETE, 1926; 6 - Tovacov, TEYROVSKY, 1961; 25 - Bernartice, Osoblaha, 26 - Slavkov, TEYROVSKY, 1964; BARTOS, 1959; ZELENY, 1964. New localities: 5 - Charvatska Nova Ves, Lednice, Mikulov, Mohelno, Pavlov, Pouzdfany, 7 - Doubravciee, Kozovazy, Mochov, Stary Vestee, 9 - Praha, 10 - Steknik, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Vodna, 30 - Bojnice, 32 - Banska Stiavnica, 38 - Nove Hamry, 46 - Demanova, Stratena. Nineta pallida (SCHNEIDER, 1851) [Syn.: Chrysopa pallida SCHNEIDER, 1851]. Expanse 38-48 mm. Generally distributed in Central Ellrope, known from Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Hungary, Run1ania and Czechoslovakia. A stenotope species ,vith narrow ecological valence living exclusively on conifers. Imagos from 25. vii. to 14. ix .. at 190-800 m a.s.l. l\{aterial: 24 66 and 41 ~~. Locali ties. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 21 .- Chotebor, Libice nad Doubravou, KLAPALEK, 1901; 34 - Bardejov, PONGRACZ, 1912, 1914; 1\IocSARY, 1918; BARTOS, 1959. New localities: 7 - Kozovazy, Mochov, Stary vTestec, 10 - Karlstejn, 11 - Pfibram, 12 - Pysely, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 21 - Cernovice, Techobuz, 30 - Bojnice, Nitranske Rudno, 31 - Handlova, 33 - Lvov, Olejnikov, 37 - Janov, Spindlerilv Mlyn, 39 - Cachrov, Petrovice, Susice.

Genus Chrysotropia NAVAs, 1911 Chrysotropia ciliata (WESMAEL, 1841) [Syn.: Chrysopa ciliata \VESMAEL, 1841, Chrysopa alba auct. (nec. LINNAEUS)]. Expanse 26-30 mm. Occurring in Europe and Central and East Asia. A species with a narrow ecological

174 valence Iivillg in shady and humid deciduous forests. Imagos from 12. v. to 9. ix. at 190-900 m a.s.l. Material: 94 36 and 102 ~~.

Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 21 - Libice nad Doubra­ vou, KLAPALEK, 1901; 9 - Kre, 10 - Krnee, KLAPALEK, 1903; 30, 41 - Puchov, FEKETE, 1926; 26 - Opava, Radun, TEYROVSKY, 1964; BARTOS, 1959; ZELENY, 1964. New localities: 4 - Zadiel, 5 - Bftov, Lednice, Mohelno, Pavlov, Znojmo, 7 - Kersko, Kozovazy, Nymburk, Stary Vestee, 9 - Praha, 10 - Karlstejn, 10, 11 - Kfivoklat, 11 - Karlova Yes, Rozelov, 12 - Lichovy, 13 - Tfebon, 16~ 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Vodna, 21 - Namest nad Oslavou, Plavec, 23 - Brno, 38 - Nove Hamry, 39 - Petrovice, 45 - Badin, Stare Hory, 46 - Jaraba, Khistorisko, Vernar, 46, 47 - Brezno, 48 - Remetske Hamre.

Genus Chrysopa LEACH, 1815 Subgenus Chrysoperla STEINMANN, 1964 Chrysopa (Chrysoperla) carnea STEPHENS, 1836 [Syn.: Ohrysopa vulgaris SCHNEIDER, 1851, Chrysopa microcephala BRAUER, 1851]. Expanse 24-30 mID. Occurring throughout the HoIarctic region. The most abundant and widespread species in Czechoslovakia; both in forests and in the open country. The imago hibernates and can be found all the year round, occurring at altitudes from 100 to 1650 m. This species has two generations. l\Iaterial: 2,313 66, 2, 865 ~~ and 1,164 specimens where sexes were not determined . • Localities. Recorded in the literature: Only localities from districts ,vhere no new material occurs are mentioned by name. I{.LAPALEK, 1895; KLAPALEK, 1901, 1903, 1904; PONGRACZ, ]913, 1914; MOCSARY, 1918; RIEDL, 1925; FEKETE, 1926, 1929; BALTHASAR, 1938; SKUHRAvY, ~OVAK, 1957; BARTOS, 1959; SKUHRAVY, NovAK, STARY, 1959; STEPANOVICOVA, BELAKOVA, 1960; TEYROVSKY, 1961; DOSKOCIL, HURKA, 1962; WEISMANN, VALLO, 1963; 26 - Opava, 40 - Travna, TEYROVSKY, 1964; ZELENY, 1964, 1965; CERNY, DOSKOCIL, 1969; ZELENY, HRDY, 1969. Examples of new localities: 1 - Kra,}uv Chl'mec, 2 - Cifer, Sturovo, 3- Velke Levare, 4 - Zadiel, 5 - Hustopeee, Pavlov, Pouzdfany, 6 - Olomouc, 7 - l\1ochov, 8 - Vernefice, 9 - Praha, 10 - Karlstejn, Lisany, 11 - Pfibram, 12 - Jankov, 13 - Borovany, 14 - Holovousy, 15 - Sluknov, 16 - Kadan, 17 - Karlovy Vary, Chodova Plana, 19 - Luzany, 21 - Recice, 23 - Brno, 25 - Velky Ujezd, 27 - Gott,valdov, 29 - Trstin, 30 - Nitranske Rudno, 31 - Novaky, 32 - Banska Stiavnica, 33 - Podolinec, 34 - Jablon, 36 - Zdobnice, 37 - Spindleruv Mly-n, 38 - Pernink, 39 - Horska Kvilda, 41 - Makov, 42 - Tuzina, 43 - Ustie, 44 - Vysoke Tatry (Tomanova dolina), 45 - Horni Stubna, 46 - Jaraba., 47 - Muran, Rozllava 48 - Vinne; data from faunistic districts 18, 20, 22, 24, 28, 35, are still needed.

Subgenus Apertochrysa TJEDER, 1966

Chrysopa ( A pertochrysa) gracilis SCHNE ID ER, 1851 [Syn.: Ohrysopa tricolor BRAUER, 1856]. Expanse 18-21 mIn. This species is recorded from Germany, Austria, Ungarn, Poland, Switzerland, SOllth France, Rumania, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia. It occurs exclusively in coniferous forest with a high humidity. It has two generations, imagos hibernate and have been found 28. i., 5. iii. and from II. v. to II. ix. at altitudes of 190-800 m. Material: 14 66 and 25 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 21 - Chotebor, Liblice nad Doubravou, Libohaj, Havlickuv Brod, Zdar, KLAPALEK, 1901; KLAPALEK, 1903; 41 - Rad. host, KLAPALEK, 1904; 30, 41 - Puchov, PONGRACZ, 1913, 1914; FEKETE, 1926; BARTOS, 1959. New localities: 7 - Doubravcice, Kozovazy, Mochov, 11 - Pfibram, 12 - Vatekov, Votice, 13, 21 - Jindfichuv Hradec, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Chodova Plana, 30 Bojnice, 31 - Jalovec, Klak, Trubin, 36 - Potstejn, 39 - Annin, SuSice, 41 - Horni Beeva, 42, 45 - Raztoeno, 44 - Pribilina, 45 - Badin, Horni Stubna.

175 Subgenus S'uarius NAVAS, 1914

Ohrysopa (Suarius) albolineata KrLLINGTON, 1929 [Syn.: Ohry8opa tenella SCHNEIDER, 1851]. Expanse 24-29 mm. Widespread in Europe, but in southern Europe it is so far known only from Rumania and Yugoslavia. A species with wide ecological valence found in coniferous as well as decidu­ ous forests and parks and orchards. Imagos froln 5. vi. to 12. viii. at 180- 800 m. a.s..l. Material: 22 6'6' and 35 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; BARTOS, 1959; 6 - Tovacov, TEYROVSKY, 1961. New loeali ties: 4 - Lipovnik, 5 - Mikulov, Mohelno, Pavlov, 7 - Cehikoviee, Doubravcice, 9 - Praha, 14 - Holovousy, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 21, 22 - Litomysl, 22 - Borova, 30 - Bojnice, Diviaky, Horne Vestenice, Rudnanska Lehota, Valaska Bela, 30, 42 - Klacno, 31 - Klak, 32 - Banska Stiavnica, Pocuvadlo, 38 - Merklin, Nove Hamry.

Subgenus Anisochrysa NAKAHARA, 1955

Ohrysopa (Anisochrysa) flavifrons BRAUER, 1851. Expanse 26-31 mm. Occurring in Europe, North Africa and Asia. A species with wide ecological valence, occurring both in coniferous and deciduous forest in warm biotopes. Imagos from 13. v. to. 9. ix. at 130-350 m a.s.l. Material: 12 3~ and 20 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; BARTOS, 1959; 26 - Radun, TEYROVSKY, 1004; 7 - Mochov, 10 - Karlstejn, 47 - Muran, ZELENY, 1962. New localities: 2 - Kava 1. vii. 1959 1 ~, Cenkov 2. vii. 1959 1 ~ leg. Brtek, Vrakun 9. vii. 1969 1 6', 4 ~~, 4 - Lipovnik 27. vi.. 1963 1 ~, 5 - Pavlov 8. vii. 1969 1 ~, 9. ix. 1965 1 ~ leg. Zeleny, 7 - Doubravcice 20. vii. 1964 1 d' leg. Krecek, Cisarska Kuchyne 26. vi. 1960 3 ~~ leg. Zeleny, 9 - Praha 1.-15. viii. 1967 1 ~ leg. I. Novak, 10 - Kamyk nad Vltavou 10. vii. 1960 1 is, 1 ~, 12 - Lichovy 7. vii. 1960 1 ~ leg. Zeleny, Ricany 10. vii. 1959 1 ~ leg. Kfecek, 14 - Nova ,res 17. vii. 1952 1 3 leg. Zahradnik, 30 - Bojnice 21. viii. 1960 2 ~~, 21. vii. 1966 1 ~, 29 - Hra. diste pod Vratnom 5. vii. 1960 1 d' leg. Brtek, 48 - Vinne 26. vi. 1963 2 ~d', 2 ~~ leg. Zeleny.

Ohrysopa (Anisocl:,rysa) ventralis CURTIS, 1834 [Syn.Ohrysopaabdominalis BRA UER, 1855]. Expanse 25-34 mm. Occurring throughout Europe. It occurs both on coniferous and deciduous trees. Imagos from 19. v. to 3. viii. at 190-900 ill a.s.l. Material: 40 66' and 49 ~~. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 7 - Jirna, 13 - Pisek, KLAPALEK, 1903; 25 - Bernartiee, 26 - Opava, 40 - Travna, TEYROVSKY, 1964; BARTOS, 1959; ZELENY, 1964. New locali ties: 4 - Zadiel, 5 - Bitov, Pavlov, Mohelno, Pouzdrany, Znojmo, 7 - Doubravciee, Kersko, Kozovazy, Mochov, Stary Vestee, 8 - Skalice, 9 - Praha, 11 - Koneprusy, 12 - Lichovy, 13 - Trebon, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Sadov, Teplicka, Vodna, 21 - Domasov, Namest nad OsIavou, 22 - Borova, 23 - Boskovice, Brno, 30 - Boj­ nice, 31 - Klak, Ryehnavska Dolina, 'zarnovica, 32 - Pocuvadlo, 37 - Hranicna u Ja~ova, 38 - Nove Hamry, Pernink, 39 - Cachrov, StiSice, 44 - Strba, 47 - Murau.

Ohrysopa (Anisochrysa) prasina BURMEISTER, 1839. Expanse 25-34 mm. A Palearctic faunistic element, widely distributed and occurring in Europe and Asia. Often mentioned as a subspecies, or as only a form of the species C. ventralis. A species with the wide ecological valence living both in conifer­ ous and deciduous forests at 190-900 m a.s.l. Imagos from 2. v. to 19. viii. Material: 80 6d' and 87 ~~.

Loeali ties. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 45, 47 - Sliac, KLA­ PALEK, 1899; 21 - Chotebor, Libice nad Doubravou, KLAPALEK, 1903; 7 - Jirna, 39 - Zelezn4 Ruda, KLAPALEK, 1903; PONGRACZ, 1912; 2, 30 - Trencin, 30, 41 - Puehov, 47 - Roziiava, PONGRACZ, 1914; MOCSARY, 1918; 43 - Vratna, FEKETE, 1926; 45, 46 - Baiiska Bystrica, FEKETE, 1929; 2 - Bratislava, BALTHASAR, 1938; BARTOS, 1959; 6 - Tovacov, TEYROVSKY,

176 1961; 26 - Raduu, TEYROVSKY, 1964; ZELENY, 1964. New localities: 1 Strathe, Zahor, 2 - Cenkov, Dunajska Streda, Chotin, Komarno, VrakuIl, 4 - Lipovn{k, Zadiel., 5 - Mohelno, Pavlov, Pouzdrany, Znojmo, 7 - Cisarska Kuchyne, Doubravciee, Chotoviee, Kersko, Kozovazy, Mochov, Prerov nad Labem, Stary Vestee, 8 - Brvany, 9 - Praha, 10 - Karlstejn, 10, 11 - Krivoklat, 11 - Koneprusy, 12 - Drazkov, Jankov, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 17 - Teplicka, Vodna, 21 - Domasov, 26 - Stramberk, 30 - Bojniee, Horne Vesteni­ ce, 45,46 -Ulanka, 46-Brezno, \Ternar, 47 - Murau, Roziiava 48-Remetske Hamre, Vinne.

Taxonomic position of the species Ohrysopa ventralis and Ohrysopa prasina The systematio status of these two species is uncertain. Even though both species can be easily distinguished by the colour of the sternites of the ab~ domen, no essential morphological differenoes between them have so far been found. Moreover both species occur simultaneously and on similar or even the same places, which prove a coincident bionomy. O. prasina is considered by some authors to be only a colour aberration or form, e.g. ASPocK H. & U. (1964) other authors consider it a subspecies, e.g. HOLZEL (1967), and some again as an independent species e.g. PRINCIPI (1956). At the same time H. & U. ASPOCK point out that the final solution can be found only by laboratory experiments. H. & U. ASPOCK also suppose that both forms are not vicarious either in their bionomy or in their distribution. I suppose, however, that if no quite clear solution of this problem is found it will be more suitable to hold both forms as species and to quote their findings and distributions independently. Both forms can be easily distin­ guished and the differences in bionomy, zoogeography and or ecology, if any, can be found or denied only by separate quoting of the findings. In the study of the material from Czechoslovakia I found striking differ­ ences in the length and colour as well as the situation of hairs on the body and on the wings. O. ventralis has shorter hairs, dark, nearly black, while O. prasina has longer hairs which are only grey. These differences are very constant on the small C vein. O. ventralis has on C vein shorter hairs, black hairs occur rather along the small vein; O. prasina has longer hairs, dark grey and more erect (Fig. in the key). Records show that in Czechoslovakia O. prasina is the most common and widespread species (Tab. 2). Most findings of the species are from the warm territory (faunistic district 5) and fewer from the cold biotopes (faunistic districts 16, 38). O. ventralis on the contrary is more abundant in cooler and more humid places and in the cool territory (16, 38), and less abundant in the warm and dry territory (5), where it occurs on shady and cooler bio­ topes. The same is valid also for the occurrence on trees. O. prasina will be found abundantly on Quercus spp., Oarpinus betulus L., Orataegus spp., Fraxinus excelsior L., and on Picea excelsa L. only individually; this species has not been found on Acer pseudoplatanus L. On the contrary O. ventralis is most frequent on A. pseudoplatanus and often also on P. excelsa and only less on QU(/ilCUS spp. There are certain differences also in the range of both species, as is evident from the papers of McLACHLAN (1893, 1898, 1903), KIMMINS (1930), KIS (1959), PRINCIPI (1961), MEINANDER (1962), KUWA­ YAMA (1962), HOLZEL (1967). Of these papers, those of special importance, in which a greater quantity of material has been completely studied, are KIS, KUWAYAMA, MEINANDER, HOLZEL. The cited works show C. ventral'is is more common in the North (Finland) than O. prasina; in South Europe, on the contrary, C. prasina is Inore comnlon (Rumania, Spain, Italy), -

177 TABLE 2 ...J\ comparison of the numerical representation of individuals fronl the selected faunistic districts: "\\rarm (5, 10) and cool (16, 38); and a numerical representation of tree species. *)

c. ventraUs Cf. prasina Number of Number of Number of Number of sample specImens sample speCImens

Faunistic district 5 and 10 8 22 14 83 Faunistic district 16 and 38 12 27 4 6 Total 49 89

Quercus spp. 10 13 21 43 Oarpinus betulu8 2 3 7 18 Orataegu8 spp. 2 2 7 16 Fraxinus excel8ior I 2 5 12 ...4cer pseudoplatanus 4 14 0 0 Picea excel8a 6 7 3 4 Total 41 93

*) Numerical representation of the selected samples of both species is approximately 1 : 2 and corresponds therefore to the total numerical representation of all specimens of both species collected in Czechoslovakia.

and in Central Asia, Japan and North Africa, only C. prasina was found. I am aware that unequivocal evidence that two species are involved does not result from this analysis, but it ,appears, ho,vever, that there are biono­ mic differences betweeIl both forms, differences in the distribution and morphology, and therefore I consider them to be a distinct species.

Subgenus Chrysopa LEACH, 1815

Ohrysopa (Ohrysopa) nigricostata BRAUER, 1850. Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; BARTOS, 1959; - no locality given. As no confirmation was found of the occurrence of this species in Czecllo­ slovakia, we cannot include it in our fauna. Chrysopa (Chrysopa) viridana SCHNEIDER, 1845. Expanse 28-42 mm. A ~fediterranean faunistic element \vhich has spread in SOllth Europe and ranges northwards to Switzerland and Hungary. It is new to the Czecho­ slovak faunal list "and is found only in the warlnest territory in deciduous forests at 190-210 m a.s.l. lVlaterial: 3 66. Czechoslovakia is now the most northern range of this species so far kno,vn. New localities: 2 - Sturovo 6. vi. 1960 2 dd leg. Brtek, 5 - Lednice 26. vi. 1962 1 b leg. Zeleny. Chrysopa (Chrysopa,) septempunctata WESMAEL, 1841. Expanse 30-40 mm. Occurring throughout the Palaearctic region from Europe to Japan. A eury­ topic species ,vhich occurs on deciduous trees and bushes. It has t,vo genera­ tions and imagos have been found from 8. v. to 20. xi. at 190-900 m a.s.l. Material: 106 66 and 139 ~~.

178 Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 10 - Krnce, 13 - Pisek, KLAP.ALEK, 1903; 1 - Humenne, 31, 45 - Turcek, PONGRACZ, 1912, 1913, 1914; MOCSARY,. 1918; 30, 41 - Puchov, FEKETE, 1926; 45, 46 - Banska Bystriea, FEKETE, 1929; 47 - Cernena Skala, BALTHASAR, 1938; BARTOS, 1959; ZELENY, 1964. New localities: 1 - Leles, Vojany, 2 - Cenkov, Dunajska Streda, Sturovo, Vefky Harciar, 4, - 47 - Krasnohorska Dlha Liika, 5 - Ledniee, Mikulov, Mohelno, Pavlov, Pouzdrany, Znojmo, 6 - Olomouc, 7 - Cisarska. Kuchyne, Doubravcice, Chotoviee, Kozovazy, Moehov, Prerov nad Labem, Stary Vestee, 9 - Praha, 10 - Karlst.ejn, Louny, Steknik, II -- Revniee, 12 - Drazkov, Jankov, Liehovy, 15- Doksy, Mala Skala, 16, 17 - Karlovy Vary, 1 7 - Poutnov, Sadov, V odna, 21 - Donasov, Ketkoviee, 23 - Boskoviee, Brno, 25 - Podlesi, 30 - Bojnice, Horne Vestenice, Trencianske Teplice, 30, 31 - Chalmova, 31 - Oslany, 32 - Banska Stiavnica, 37 - Rokytnice, 38 - Mer­ klin, Pernink, 39 - Mokra, 41 - Makov, 42 - Jalovec, 43 - Kralovany, 44 - Strba, .zdiar,. 46 - Sokolce, 48 - Nova Sedliea, Remetske IIamre, Vinne. Chrysopa (Chrysopa) formosa BRAUER, 1850. Expanse 24-30 mm. Occurring in the whole southern Palaearctic region, reaching Central Europe as far as Germany and Switzerland. A xerothermic species living on decidu­ ous trees. Imagos from 28. v. to 17. ix. at 100-350 m a.s.l. Material: 10 3~ and 13 ~~ and 2 66, 1 ~ from 1968. L 0 c al i tie s. Recorded in the literature: 1-=- Slovenske Nove l\tlesto, 31, 46 - Turcek, KLAPAI.EK, 1899; PONGRACZ, 1912; 1 - Somotor, 45 - Harmanec, MOCSARY, 1918; 2, 30 - Trencin, 30,. 41 - Puchov, FEKETE, 1926; 45, 46 - Banska Bystrica, FEKETE, 1929; BARTOS, 1959; 9 - Praha, ZELENY, 1965 (wrongly recorded as O. abbreviata). New locali ties: 1 Krahiv Chrmec 25. vi. 1963 1 &" 1 ~ leg. Zeleny, 2 - Bela 17. vi. 1959 266, Cenkov 2. vii. 1959 1~, 11.-16. vi. 1959 4 ~~ leg. Brtek, Kamenica nad Hronom 17. ix. 1965 1 6 leg. Buchar, VelkY Harciar, 30. vi. 1959 1 ~ leg. Brtek, 5 Pouzdi'any 26. vi. 1962 1 6, 7 - Mochov 3. vi. 1956 1 6, 1 ~; 21. vi. 1962 1 ~, 13. vi. 1963 1 6', 1 ~, 9 - Praha 25. vi. 1956 1 ~, 16. vii. 1957 1 ~ leg.. Zeleny, 10 - Lisany vii. 1955 I 6, 1 ~, leg. Obenberger, Louny 15. vii. 1955 2 66 leg. Hrdy" Steknik 28. v. 1968 1 &" 11. vi. 1968 1 6', 17. vi. 1968 1 ~ leg Zeleny.. Chrysopa (Ohrysopa) phyllochroma WESMAEL, 1841. Expanse 22-28 mm .. Until 1965 this species was confused with the species C. comm,ata, the distri­ bution is therefore not clear and needs revision. It has previously been known from Central Europe and from Asia Minor, the data in the literature are, however, from the whole Palearctic region. It occurs on herbaceous plant gro\vth on the cultivated steppe, on uncultivated ground as well as on agri­ cultural plants. Imagos from 30. v. to 9. ix. at 150-800 m a.s!l. Material: 117 66 and 175 ~~. Locali ties. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; KLAPALEK, 1903; PONGRACZ, 1914; SKUHRAVY, NovAK, 1957; BARTOS, 1959; SKUHRAVY, NOVAK, STARY, 1959; STEPANOVICOVA, BELAKOVA., 1960; WEISMANN, VALLO, 1963; TEYROVSKY, 1964; ZELENY', 1965; 2 - Cenkov, 2, 28 - Kostolna, 5 - Hustopece, Lednice, Lechovice, Pavlov, Podivin, 7 - ~iochov, 9 - Praha, 10 - Luzany, 30, 42 - Kfacno, 31 - Oslany, 48 Ubraz, ZELENY, 1969. N e"\v locali ties: 2 - Nova Vieska, 5 - Pouzdrany. Chrysopa (Chrysopa) COtn'lnata KIS & UJHELYI, 1965. Expanse 22-38 mm .. This species has so far been recorded from Hungary, Austria, Rllmania and Czechoslovakia. It occurs on herbaceous plants on the cultivated steppe" on uncultivated ground as ,vell as on agricultural plants. Imagos from 30. v. t.o 25. viii. at 150--800 m a.s.l. Material: 171 66 and 169 ~~. Localities. Recorded in thE~ literature: 2 - Cenkov, 5 Dolni Vestonice, l\iikulov, Musov, Pouzdfany, Znojmo, 7 - Kolin, Kozovazy, Mochov, 9 Praha, ] 0 Lisany, II - Loc?kov, 17 - Vodna, Sadov, 19 - Horazdovice, Luzany, 21 HavlicktlV Brod, 25 - Velky Ujezd, 38 - Nova Role, 46 - Khistorisko, ZELENY, 1969. Ne\\'" localities: 44 - Spisska Stara Ves.. Ohrysopa phyllochroma and Chrysopa comrnata Population dynamics have beell studied for both species (ZELENY, 1965, 1969), and a considerable nunlber of imagos as ,veIl as larvae lIas been

179 collected for this purpose. Both species are kllown fronl only a few localities. as they differ ill their biology from other species and escape attention dllring the usual collection of N europtera on trees and bushes. They are, ho\vever, very abtlndallt on herbaceous plants and in some cases they exceed (both species in total) our most abtlndant species O. carnea. Ohrysopa (Ohrysopa) abbreviata C·URTIS, 1834 [Syn.: Notochrysa german1:ca ESBEN-PETERsEN, 1913]. Expanse 22-28 mnl. vVidespread in Europe and ranging to Asia Minor. A xell0ec alld extremely stenotopic species which occurs on vegetation along alluvious river valleys. Imagos from 24. v. to 12. vii. at altitudes of 130-520 m. ~laterial: 4 d'd' and 14 ~~.

Locali ties. Recorded in the literature. Bohemia, KLAPALEK, 1895; 21 - Libice nad DOll­ bravou, KLAPALEK, 1901; 7 - Neratovice, KLAP_.\.LEK. 1903; 2, 30 - Trencin, 47 - Roznava~ PONGRACZ, 1914; BARTOS, 1959; (9 - Praha, ZELENY, 1965 C. formosa is involved). N e\v locali ties: 1 - Kraluv Chfmec 25. vi. 1963 1 ¥, 4 - Zadiel 22. vi. 1956 1 ¥ leg. Zeleny, 33 - Tichy Potok 24. v. 1961 1 &, 21. vi. 1961 1 ~ leg. K. Novak, 44 - Spisska Stara Yes 12. vii. 1967 3 &-&-, 11 ~~ leg. Zeleny. Ohrysopa (Ohrysopa) hungarica KLAPALEK, 1899. Expanse 19-25 mnl. A representative of the Mediterranean faunistic element. Complete in­ formation regarding the distribution of the species is, however, not at present available; it is known from Albania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania and Asia Minor. A very rare, extremely stenotopic species found so far onl~y in one locality on the rests of an original steppe. This species is known outside Czechoslovakia only from nine specimens from 6 localities. TJEDER (1963) described and designated a neotype. The two specimens 66 from which KLAPA.LEK (1899) described the species, are, however, kept in the National ~fuseum of Natural History, Department of Entomology in Praha - Kunratice in the KlapaJek collection. KLAPA.LEK gives in his paper the locality: "Zwei Stuck aus Budapest (Farkasvolgy)." The specimens in coll. KlapaJek in NMP are marked as follows: The 1st 6- has 5 labels: the 1st with inscription "Farkasv.", the 2nd with inscription "hungaric Klapalek", the 3rd white label with the inscription "Typus", the 4th red label with the inscription "Typus", the 5th with the inscriptioll "Lectotypus, Zeleny 1970". I select this syntype as a lecto­ type, as an illtlstrated specimen is involved and the indication on the labels corresponds precisely to the indication given in the description of KLAPALEK (1899). The 2nd d' has 3 labels: the 1st with the inscription "Austria info Eich­ kogel", the 2nd with the inscription "hunga,ric Klapalek", the 3rd red label with the inscription "Typus". The problems of neotype and a lectotype are solved in a separate paper, TJEDER & ZELENY, (1971) in press.

Localities. Recorded in the literature: 5 - Pouzdi'any, 250 m, 26. vi. 1962 5 33, 7 ~~, ZELENY, 1965. New record: 5 - Pouzdfany 8. vii. 1969 2 ~~ leg. Zeleny. Ohrysopa (Ohrysopa) perla (LINNAEUS, 1785). Expanse 26-32 mnl. Our second most abundant species, which occurs on deciduous and cOllifer­ ous trees and bushes and exceptionally also on herbaceous plants. This species is distributed over the whole of Europe, and throughout North Asia to Japan. A species with wide ecological valence found in more humid bio­ topes. It has a partial second generation. Imagos from 8. v. to 9. ix. at 110- 1.100 nl a.s.l. l\tfaterial: 386 d'6 and 381 ~~.

180 Localities. Recorded in the literature: Only those faunistic districts and localities are given by name from which newer published material is not available. Bohemia, KLAP.ALEK, 1895; KLAPALEK 1901; 13 - Pisek, KLAPALEK, 1903; 4 -' Rimavska Sobota, PONGRAcz, 1912; :!tfOCSARY, 1918; SAMAL, 1920; FEKETE, 1926; 1929, SKUHRAVY, NOVAK, 1957; BARTOS, 1959; TEYROVSKY, 1961; 25 - Osoblaha, 26 - Opava, 40 - Travna, TEYROVSKY, 1964; ZELENY, 1964, 1965; ZELENY, HRDY, 1969. Thirty six localities of faunistic districts are mentioned in the literature from which I give nH\Ver data. Examples of new localities: I - Leles, 2 - Cenkov, Sturovo, 5 - Pavlov, Pouzdfany, Vranov, 6 - Olomouc, 7 - Mochov, Neratovice, 9 - Praha, 10 - Lisany, 10, 11 - Kfivokhlt, II - Nizbor, Pfibram, 12 - Drazkov, 16, 17- Karlovy Va.ry, 17 - Chodova Plana, 19 - Boletice, 21 '- Names'f nad Oslavou, 22 - Borova, 23 - Brno, 30 - Bojnice, 31 - Novaky, 32 - Banska Stiavnica, 33 - Spisske Hanusovce, 34 - Stuzica Rieka, 36 - Broumov, 37 - Pec pod Snezkou, 38 - Pernink, Potucky, 29 - Horska Kvilda, 41 - Kolarovice, 43 - Zazriva, 44 - Kezmarske Zleby, 45 - Badin, 46 - Deman ova, 47 - Dobroc, 48 - Nova Sedlica, Remetske Hamre. Although C. perla has been found in 127 localities, it has not yet been found in 12 faunistic districts where it surely occurs.

Chrysopa (Chrysopa) dorsalis BURMEISTER, 1839. Expallse 22-28 mm . •.\. species known from nearly the whole of Europe, though the distribution is not yet quite clear. A stenotopic, xerophylic species living in light, warm biotopes, exclusively in coniferous forests on Pinus silvestris L. Imagos from 16. vi. to 16. viii. at 190-300 m a.s.l. ~iaterial: 13 66, 16 4242 and 2 ~~ from 1969.

Localities. Recorded in the literature: Bohemia, I-(LAP~'\'LEK, 1895; BARTOS, 1959; 9 - Praha, 7 - l\Iochov, ZELENY, 1962. Locality 4 - Zadiel (ZELENY, 1962) the determination of the species C. abbreviata vvas "Tong. N e,,- 1ocali ties and new find: 3 - l\;{alacky 9. vii. 1969 2 ~~, 5 - Mohelno 16. vi. 1964 3 ~~ leg. Zeleny, 7 - Doubravcice 20. vii. 1964 1 ~ leg. Krecek, lVlochov 14. viii. 1970 I 6, 29. vii., 1. viii., 14. viii. 1962 2 66, 6 ~~, 7. vii., 24. vii., 28. vii., 16. viii. 1963 9 66, 5 ~¥, 9 - Praha 26. vi. 1959 1 ~, 3. vii. 1959 I 6 leg. Zeleny.

Chrysopa (Ch'rysopa) walkeri McLACHLAN, 1893. Expallse 28-36 mm. i-\. South-Ellropean species reaching to Central Ellrope, but recorded also from Finland. EGLIN (1968) writes on the discovery of this species in Switzer­ lalld, and explains it by the importation of pupae in cases of fruit from South Europe. A 11ew species for Czechos~oval{ia. New locali ties: 2 - Bela, 220 m, 17. vi. 1959 1 6 leg. Brtek. It is one of the warmest localities in Czechoslovakia.

CONCLUSION 1. From Czechoslovakia 23 species of green lace-wings belonging to 5 genera are known. There are t\VO new species for Czechoslovakia; Chrysopa (C.) viridana SCRN. and C. (C.) walkeri MeL. The species C. (C.) nigri­ costata BRAU. cannot be included among the members of the Czechoslovak fauna. 2. For Chrysopa (C.) hu~~garica KLAPALEK, 1899 a lectotype is designated; specimen is kept in the National Musellm of Natural History, Praha - Kunratice. 3. Czechoslovakia was divided according to geographic, phytogeographic and zoogeographic considerations i11to 48 fallnistic districts, ,vhich are ranged into zoogeographic zones according to IVIARAN (1958): zone of steppes 1-5, zone of deciduous forest 6-35, province of Variniall 11ills 36-40, province of Carpathian hills 41-48. Localities are ranged accordillg to these districts. 4. In Czechoslovakia Chrysopa (C.) carnea STEPH. absolutel:y predomillates fornling 60.8~~ of the material, then follo"\vs C. (C.) perla (L.) comprIsIng

181 8.70/0 of the material . .L-1\mollg the rare species are Hypochrysa pernobilis TJEDER, Notochrysa fulvicep8 (STEPH.), N. capitata (FABR.), Chrysopa (C.) viridana SCHN. and C. (C.) 'lvalkeri l\tlcL., forming together 0.1 % of the material, and after these species follow C. (C.) abbreviata CURT. and O. (C.) kungarica KLAP., stenotopic species restricted to special biotopes, represent.­ ing 0.3 % of the material. 5. Chrysopa (0.) forrnosa BRAU., C. (C.) viridana SCHN., C. (C.) hungarica KLAP. and C. (0.) walkeri McL. reach tlleir northern limits of distribution in Czechoslovakia. Most species occur in the major part of the Palearctic region (43.5% of species) or rare European species (34.80/0)' 6. The quandrangular im cell was found in the following species: Nineta vittata (WESM.), Ohrysotropia ciliata (WESlVI.), Chrysopa (C.) carnea STEPH., 0 .. (S.) albolineata KILL., C. (A.) flavifrons BRAU., C. (A.) ventralis CURT., C. (A.) prasina BURl\i., C. (C.) septempunctata WESM., C. (0.) phyllo­ chro»~a WESM., C. (C.) cornmata KIS & UJHEL., C. (0.) abbreviata C-URT.

LITERATURE ADAMS P. A., 1967: A revie\v of the Mesochrysinae and Notochrysinae (Xeuroptera : Chryso .. pidae). Bull. Mus. Compo Zool., 135 : 215-238. ASPOCK H. & ASPOCK U., 1964: Synopsis der Systernatik, Okologie und Biogeographie der Neuropteren Mitteleuropas irn Spiegel der Neuropterenfauna von Linz und Oberosterreich, sowie Bestimmungs-Schliissel fur die mitteleuropaischen Neuropteren. Naturk. Jb. Stadt Linz, 1964 : 127-282. AsPOCK H. & ASPOCK U., 1969: Die Neuropteren lVlitteleuropas - eine faunistische und zoo­ geographische Analyse. Abh. Be?·. N aturkundemus. Gorlitz, 44 : 31-48. AsPOCK H. & ASPOCK U., 1969: Die Neuropteren Mitteleuropas. Ein Nachtrag zur "Synop~i;:.; der Systematik, Okologie und Biogeographie der ~europteren Mitteleuropas". Naturk. Jb. Stadt Linz, 1969 : 17-68. BALTHASAR V., 1938: Dalsi prispevek k entornologickemu vyzkumu Slovenska. Ent. listy, 2 : : 121-128. BARTOS E., 1959: SfDokridli - Neuroptera. In Kratochvil J.: KHe zvifeny CSR, 3 : 559-568. NCSAV Praha. BRAUER F. & Low F., 1857: Neuroptera Austriaca. 80 pp., 'Vien. CERNY K. et 31., 1955: Lesnicky a rnyslivecky atlas. 15 + 91 pp., 120 map. Ustr. spr. geod. a kartografie, Praha. CERNY W. & DOSKOCIL J., 1968: Zvifena Krkonos. In Fanta J. et a1.: Pfiroda Krkonosskeho narodniho parku. Pp. 161-167, SZN, Praha. DOSKOCIL J.; & HURKA K., 1962: Entomofauna louky (svaz -,-~rrhenatherion elatioris) a jeji vyvoj. Rozpr. Os. Akad. Ved, 72, 7 : 1-99. DOSTAL J., 1960: The phytogeographical regional distribution of the Czechoslovak flora. Sbor. Os. spol. zem.,65 : 193-202. EGLIN W., 1967: Die Mecopteren und Neuropteren des Kantons Tessin/Suedschweiz. Mitt. Ent. Ges. Basel, 17 : 41-58. EGLIN \tV., 1968: Versuche einer zoogeographischen Beurteilung der Sch\veizer Neuropteren. Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ges., 41 : 359-362. EGLIN W., 1968: Chrysopa walkeri MacL. als Lichtfang in der Schweiz und doch keine Schweizer Neuroptera! Mitt. schweiz. ent. Ge8., 41 : 320-321. FEKETE G., 1926: Adatok Trencsell-varmegyi Neuroptera·es Trichoptera - faunajahoz. Folia Soc. ent. H ungaricae, 1 : 71-83. FEKETE J., 1929: Neuropteren von Besztercebanya. Folia Soc. ent. Hungaricae, 2: 21-24. GREVE L., 1969: Anomaly of the wing venation of Chrysopa albolineata Killington 1935. Norsk. ent. Tidsskr., 16 : 119-120. HODEK I., HOLMAN J., STARY P., STYS P. & ZELENY J., 1966: Pfirozeni nepi'atele msice makove v CSSR. 144 pp., Academia Praha. HOLZEL H., 1965: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Chrysopidae: die Nineta-Gruppe. Z. Arbgem. osterr. Em., 17 : 91-98. HOLZEL H., 1967: Die Neuropteren Vorderasiens. II. Chrysopidae. Be'itr. naturk. Forsch. SW· Deutschl., 26 : 19-45.

182 HROMADKA J., 1956: Orograficke trideni Ceskoslovenske republiky. Sbo'r. Cs. spol. zem., 41 : : 161-180, 265-299. lIROMADKA J., 1968: Horopis. In Macek J. et a1.: Ceskoslovenska vlastiveda, dH I, Pfiroda, sv. 1, pp. 435-481. Orbis Praha. ICKERT G., 1968: Beitrage zur Biologie einheimischer Chrysopiden (Planipennia, Chrysopidae). Ent. Abh. Dresden, 36 : 123-192. KILLINGTON F. J., 1936, 1937: A monograph of the British Neuroptera I, 269 pp., II, 306 pp., B. Quaritch, Ltd., London. KIMMINS D. E., 1930: A list of the Corsican Ephemeroptera and Neuroptera. EOS, 6 : 185-190. KIS B., 1959: Faunenkatalog der bisher in der Rumanischen Volksrepublik bekannten Neul'o­ pteren und Mecopteren. Folia ent. Hung., 12 : 331-347. KIS B., 1968: Nachtrage zur Neuropterenfauna Rumaniens. Folia ent. Hung., 21 : 45-50. KIS B., NAGLER C. & MANDR"G C., 1970: Neuroptera (Planipennia). In Fauna Rep. Social. Romania, Insecta, vol. VIII, Fasc. 6. 345 pp. Acad. Rep. Social. Romania, Bucuresti. KLAPALEK F., 1895: IV. Hmyz sikmokfidly a sitokfidly (Trichoptera et Neuroptera). In Catal. insect. faun. bohem., 20 pp., Praha. KLAPALE! F., 1901: Pfispevek ke znalosti fauny Neuropteroid Ceskomoravske krabatiny. Vest. Geske Akad. cis. Frantiska Joseja, 10 : 489-494. KLAPALEK F., 1903: Zprava 0 vyzkumu ceskych Neuropteroid v r. 1902. Vest. Geske Akad. cis. Frantiska J osefa, 12 : 257-264. KLAPALE~ F., 1904a: Zprava 0 vysledcich cesty do Transylvanskych Alp a Vysokych Tater. Vest. Geske Akad. cis. Frantiska J08eja, 13 : 719-730. KLAPALEK F., 1904b: Pfispevek k faune Beskyd. CaB. Geske 8pol. ent., 1 : 52. KUWAYAMA S., 1962; A revisional synopsis of the Neuroptera in Japan. Pacific Insects, 4 : : 325-412. ~IARAN J., 1956: Nastin entomogeografickych pomeru Ceskoslovenska . .L4cta faun. ent. ~7J,lu8. Nat. Pragae, 1 : 3-25. MARAN J., 1958: Zoogeograficke cleneni Ceskoslovenska. Sbor. Os. spol. ze'm., 63: 89-110. MARTiNEK V., 1960: Insecta, Arachnoidea a Diplopoda smrkovych kultur stfedni Evropy. Rozpr. Os. Akad. Ved, 70, 1 : 1-142. McLACHLAN R., 1893: On species of Chrysopa observed in the Eastern Pyrenees: together with descriptions of, and notes on, new or little-kno"\vn Palaearctic forms of the genus. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1893 : 227-234. ~lcLACHLAN R., 1898: Neuroptera - Planipennia collected in Algeria by the Rev. A. E. Eaton. Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1898 : 151-168. McLACHLAN R., 1903: An annotated list of N europtera Planipennia collected in west central Spain by dr. T. A. Chapman and mr. G. C. Champion in June and July, 1902. Ent. Mont. Mag., 14 : 224-225. MEINANDER M., 1962: The Neuroptera and ~iecoptera of eastern Fenoscandia. Fauna Fennica, 13 : 1-96, Helsinki. MOCSARY A., 1928: Neuroptera, Fauna regni Hungariae, pp. 33-44, Budapest. NAVAS L., 1915: Cris6pids d'Europa (Ins. Neur.). Arxivs In8t. Gien. Barcelona, 3, 2 : 1-98. NOVAK F. A., 1964: PrehIed ceskoslovenske kveteny z hlediska ochrany prirody a krajiny. In Vesely J. et 0,1.: Ochrana Ceskoslovenske pi'irody a krajiny, II, pp. 193-409, NCSAV· Praha. OHM P., 1961: Uber das Auftreten einer bemerkenswerten Aderungsvariante bei verschiedenen Arten del' Gattung Chrysopa Leach (Neur., Chrysopidae). Zool. Anz., 166 : 109-113. PFEFFER A., 1954: Lesnicka zoologie II. Rad mrizokfidli - Planipennia, pp. 156-160, SZN Praha. PONGRACZ S., 1912: Magyarorszag Chrysopai alak-es rendszertani tekintetben. Allatt. Kozlemen., 11 : 161-221. PONGRACZ S., 1913: Ujabb adatok Magyarorszag Neuroptera - faunajahoz. Rovartani Lapok, 20 : 175-186. PONGRACZ S., 1914: Magyarorszag Neuropteroidai. Rovartani Lapok, 21 : 109-155. PRINCIPI M. M., 1956: Contributi 0,110 studio dei Neurotteri Italiani. XIII. Studio morfologico, etologico e sistematico di un gruppo omogeno di specie del gen Chrysopa Leach. (C. flavifrons Brauer, prasina Burm., e clathrata Schn.). Boll. 1st. ent. Univ. Bologna, 21 : 319-410. PRINCIPI M. M., 1961: Neurotteri dei monti picentini (Appennino Campano). Mem. Mus. Giv. Sto. Nat., Verona, 9 : 97-114. PULPAN J., 1968: Stanoveni arealu a subarea1u Ceskoslovenska vzhledenl k faunistice brouku celedi Carabidae (Coleoptera). Acta Mus. Reginaehradec., S. A., 9 : 95-146. RIEDL L., 1926: Si£oki'fdli (Neuroptera). Novopacko, vlastiv. monografie okresu, pp. 289-290. SCHNEIDER \V. G., 1885: Verzeichniss der Neuropteren Schlesiens. Z. Ent., 10 : 17-32.

183 SKUHRAVY V. & NOY~'\K l~., 1957: Enfomofauna brambo:hste a jeji yyvoj. ROZP1·. aS. Akad. Ved, 67, 7 : 1-50. SXUHRAVY V., NoyAx K. & STAR-\~ P., 1959: Entomofauna jetele (Trifolitun pratense L.) a jeji vyvoj. Rozp'r. Cs ..Akad. vld, 69, 7 : 1-83. SLA VlCEK J., 1930: l\tlfiz0 kfidli, sifokridli - Pseudoneuroptera, Odonat a. 'TJastiveda str. a sev. Moravy, I, pp. 385-387, Kromeriz. STEINl\-IANN H., 1964: The Chrysopa species (Neuroptera.) of Hungary . .A-nn. Hist.-Nat. MU-8. Nat. HU11,gar., Zool., 56 : 257-266. STEINMANN H., 1967: Tevenyaku fatyolkak, vizifatyolkak, recesszarnyuak es csoros rovarok - Raphidioptera, Megaloptera, Neuropt.era es Mecoptera. Fauna Hungariae, XIII, 14, 204 pp., Budapest. STEPANOVIcovA O. & BELAKovA A., 1960: Entomofauna kukuricneho pola. .Acta F. R. N. Univ. Oomen., zool., ~, 6-8 : 301-352. TEYROVSKY V., 1961: Drobne prispevky k studiu slfokfidlych (Neuroptera) Hornomoravskeho uvalu - I. Sbor. Klubu pfirodoved. v Brne, 33 : 109-114. TEYROVSKY V., 1964: 0 faune zlatoocek a denivek Slezska. Zpr. Vlastived. ust. v Olomouci, 117 : 20-23. TJEDER B., 1963: Redescription of Chrysops, hungarica Klap. (Neur. Chrysopidae). Ent. Tidskr., 84 : 230-233. TJEDER B., 1966: Neuroptera - Planipennia. The lace."wings of Southern Africa. 5. family Chrysopidae. South African Animal Life, pp. 228-534, Uppsala. TJEDER B., 1967: Two ne,,,"," names in European Chrysopidae. 0pU8C. Ent., 32 : 3. TJEDER B. & ZELENY J., 1971: Chrysopa hungarica KlapBJek, 1899 (Insecta" Neuroptera): Request for invalidation of neotypus and validation of rediscovered syntype as lectotypus. Bull. zool. N om., 28 : in press. WEISMANN L. & VALLO V., 1963: Voska makova (Aphis fabae Scop.). 301 pp., Bratislava. ZELENY J., 1962: A contribution to the knowledge of the order Neuroptera in Czechoslovakia. Acta Soc. ent. Gechoslov., 59 : 59-67. ZELENY J., 1964: R.aphidioptera - Neuroptera - Panorpata. Entomofauna Trebi'cska, pp. 10-12, Brno. ZELENY J., 1965: Lace-wings (Neuroptera) in cultural steppe and the population dynamics in the species Chrysopa carnea Steph. and Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesm. .Acta ent. bohemo· sio'l)., 62 : 177-194. ZELENY J., 1969: Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesm. and Chrysopa commata Kis Ujh. (Neuropters) in the cultivated steppe in Czechoslovakia. ..L4cta ent. beohmoslov., 66 : 237-239. ZELENY J. & HRDY I., 1969: Pfemnozenl msice chmelove v roce 1967, populacnf dynamika v roce 1968, vliv insekticidu na msice a entomocenozu chmelnic, I, II. Agrochemia, 9 : 211-215, 257-261.

~4.uthor's address: Dr. J. Zeleny, esc., Entomologicky ustav CSAv"', 'Tinicna 7, Praha 2, Czechoslovakia.

184 ZELENY J., 1971: Green lace-wings of Czechoslovakia (Neuroptera, Ohrysopidae)

CHR YSOPIDAE - Key to species PLATE I Psm zigzagged, merging with inner series of ~radates, ~ Psm straight, merging with outer series of .~radates (0 g); cell '(N./ulvicepa) / ~ triangular in anterior part of mS (Chr. ctlwla)

NOTOCHRYSINAE cell im elongate quadrangle cell im triangular in posterior part of m3 (N. capitala) ~~Ei:i:I~

• Hypochrysa thorax uniformly reddish-brown; claws simple H. pernobilis

lar~e speeies; mandibles symetrical N. capitota (Nin. pallida, Nin·.flava) ,N. /ulvicept~

heau without spot between antennae head with l)lack spot between antennae (C. albolineala) (C. pra/1ina, C. perla

N in eta

C hrysopa (PI. III)

scape of antennae only about as long as broad; cell C narrowIng abruptly shortly after base of wing

1-----;.....-...11 Chrysopa Chrysotropia (PI. II) thorax with two brown bands thorax uniformly yellow (Nin. jlava)

scape of antennae twice as long as broad; cell C narrowing gradually towards apex

Nin. paUida

o 5 mm 1 mm 5 mm r=-- '1 1-' ----f l-- -.. H

See text Plate IV. ZELENY J., 1971: Green lace.wings of Czechoslovakia (Neuroptera, Ohrysopidae)

Chrysotropia PLATE-II ~Chrysopa~ mandibles symmetrical; setiferous hairs on C long and erect; mandibles asymmetrical (C. carn~), setiferous hairs on C short 8ubgenital plate of <1 much prolonged and no~ erect (C. carnea. C. flaviJrons', C. aIholineata); subgemtal plate of <1 not prolonged (0. albolineata) ~ -I 'I ~~ I , 1st rs-m crossvein not reaching cell im or reaching with tip fm (C. carneal

Chrysopa Chrysotropia Chr. ciliata

,j tt claws dilated. wings elonllate-oval claws simple, wings elongate and narrow

1st rs-m crossvein reaching cell im (C. flat,ifrons)

C. gracilis C. carnea / ~~------~,

C forewing without spot, crossveins cell C dark (black) C forewing with dapk spot at base; eros8veins cell C pale (C. albolineata) (green) at most black at C and Se, genae with reddish-brown spot

C. flavifrons

genae with reddish-brown spot genae with black spot

C.viridana C. albolineata

See text Plate IV. ZELENY J., 1971: Green lace-wings of Czechoslovakia (Neuroptera, Ohrysopidae)

~ Chrysopa~ PLATE III C forewing with dark spot at baRe (C. ventralis) simple spot between antennae x-shaped spot between antennae (C. prasina)

abdomen ventrally black

(C. dorsalis, PI. IV)

C forewing without spot (C. septempunctata) • C. 'l'entralis

abdomen ventrally pale (grt'en)

vertex with two bJack spots (C. formosa)

C. st':ptempunctata

cross'Ve~n cell C pale, at most black at Sc (C. phyllochroma)

crossveins in ('ell C wholly black

,.. I ~ occiput with-black stripe, claws dilated ~ciput w;;;'out~, claws simple

C.jO'rm08ll

O. abbreviata (C. commata, PI. IV) See text Plate IV. ZELENY J., 1971: Green lace-wings of Czechoslovakia (Neuroptera, Ohrysopidae)

PLATE IV """ -(0. commata) ~ lateral sutures of abdomen pale (green) I ateral sutures of abdomen in anterior part black (C. dorsalis)

C. phyllochrQ'HUl 1------1, C. commata

C pale (green) (C. perla)

C black

x-shaped spot ciOSNt posteriorly x-shaped spot posteriorly not closed (C. walkeri)

C. dorsalis

C.perla

crossvt~ins in cell' C pale, at most black at Sc

; C. walkeri O. hUngarica

Plate I - IV. A key for the determination of the species of the family Ghrysopidae. If the name of the species is in brackets, it means that though the figure was drawn according to the named species~ the decisive cha­ racter is present in all the species following after it in the key. In nearly all the species a figure of the last abdominal segments of IIhe male is given, with important morphological characters on them. The arrows in the figure indicat.e "he decisive characters for furtiher determination. Terminology - Fig. I (p. 169). Bibliography of the Neuropterida

Bibliography of the Neuropterida Reference number (r#): 6422

Reference Citation: Zeleny, J. 1971 [1971.??.??]. Green lace-wings of Czechoslovakia (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 68:167-184.

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Notes:

File: File produced for the Bibliography of the Neuropterida (BotN) component of the Lacewing Digital Library (LDL) Project, 2012.