Memorial Day Parade Taping in DC
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' ' ., ,�- NONIMPORTATION AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN VIRGINIA, 1765-1775 BRUCE ALLAN RAGSDALE Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., University of Virginia, 1974 M.A., University of Virginia, 1980 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia May 1985 © Copyright by Bruce Allan Ragsdale All Rights Reserved May 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Trade and Economic Development in Virginia, 1730-1775 13 Chapter 2: The Dilemma of the Great Planters 55 Chapter 3: An Imperial Crisis and the Origins of Commercial Resistance in Virginia 84 Chapter 4: The Nonimportation Association of 1769 and 1770 117 Chapter 5: The Slave Trade and Economic Reform 180 Chapter 6: Commercial Development and the Credit Crisis of 1772 218 Chapter 7: The Revival Of Commercial Resistance 275 Chapter 8: The Continental Association in Virginia 340 Bibliography: 397 Key to Abbreviations used in Endnotes WMQ William and Mary Quarterly VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Hening William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large; Being� Collection of all the Laws Qf Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature in the year 1619, 13 vols. Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia Rev. Va. Revolutionary Virginia: The Road to Independence, 7 vols. LC Library of Congress PRO Public Record Office, London co Colonial Office UVA Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia VHS Virginia Historical Society VSL Virginia State Library Introduction Three times in the decade before the Revolution. Vir ginians organized nonimportation associations as a protest against specific legislation from the British Parliament. -
Link.Net Chancellor General Davis Lee Wright, Esq., P.O
SPRING 2018 Vol. 112, No. 4 n Proposed SAR Museum Gallery n 1768: The Year of the Farmer n DNA Found My Brother Congress 2018: Houston Bound SPRING 2018 Vol. 112, No. 4 6 16 6 2018 Congress to Convene 10 America’s Heritage and the 22 Newly Acquired Letters in Houston SAR Library Reveal More About the Maryland 400 7 Amendment Proposal/ 11 The Proposed SAR Museum Leadership Medical Committee Gallery 24 State Society & Chapter News 8 Nominating Committee Report/Butler Awarded 16 250th Series: 1768—The Year 38 In Our Memory/ Medal of Honor of the Farmer New Members 9 Newsletter Competitions 20 DNA Found My Brother 47 When You Are Traveling THE SAR MAGAZINE (ISSN 0161-0511) is published quarterly (February, May, August, November) and copyrighted by the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, 809 West Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202. Periodicals postage paid at Louisville, KY and additional mailing offices. Membership dues include The SAR Magazine. Subscription rate $10 for four consecutive issues. Single copies $3 with checks payable to “Treasurer General, NSSAR” mailed to the HQ in Louisville. Products and services advertised do not carry NSSAR endorsement. The National Society reserves the right to reject content of any copy. Send all news matter to Editor; send the following to NSSAR Headquarters: address changes, election of officers, new members, member deaths. Postmaster: Send address changes to The SAR Magazine, 809 West Main Street, Louisville, KY 40202. PUBLISHER: STAFF DIRECTORY President General Larry T. Guzy As indicated below, staff members have an email address and an extension number of the automated 4531 Paper Mill Road, SE telephone system to simplify reaching them. -
1 the Story of the Faulkner Murals by Lester S. Gorelic, Ph.D. the Story Of
The Story of the Faulkner Murals By Lester S. Gorelic, Ph.D. The story of the Faulkner murals in the Rotunda begins on October 23, 1933. On this date, the chief architect of the National Archives, John Russell Pope, recommended the approval of a two- year competing United States Government contract to hire a noted American muralist, Barry Faulkner, to paint a mural for the Exhibit Hall in the planned National Archives Building.1 The recommendation initiated a three-year project that produced two murals, now viewed and admired by more than a million people annually who make the pilgrimage to the National Archives in Washington, DC, to view two of the Charters of Freedom documents they commemorate: the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States of America. The two-year contract provided $36,000 in costs plus $6,000 for incidental expenses.* The contract ended one year before the projected date for completion of the Archives Building’s construction, providing Faulkner with an additional year to complete the project. The contract’s only guidance of an artistic nature specified that “The work shall be in character with and appropriate to the particular design of this building.” Pope served as the contract supervisor. Louis Simon, the supervising architect for the Treasury Department, was brought in as the government representative. All work on the murals needed approval by both architects. Also, The United States Commission of Fine Arts served in an advisory capacity to the project and provided input critical to the final composition. The contract team had expertise in art, architecture, painting, and sculpture. -
An Educator's Guide to the Story of North Carolina
Story of North Carolina – Educator’s Guide An Educator’s Guide to The Story of North Carolina An exhibition content guide for teachers covering the major themes and subject areas of the museum’s exhibition The Story of North Carolina. Use this guide to help create lesson plans, plan a field trip, and generate pre- and post-visit activities. This guide contains recommended lessons by the UNC Civic Education Consortium (available at http://database.civics.unc.edu/), inquiries aligned to the C3 Framework for Social Studies, and links to related primary sources available in the Library of Congress. Updated Fall 2016 1 Story of North Carolina – Educator’s Guide The earth was formed about 4,500 million years (4.5 billion years) ago. The landmass under North Carolina began to form about 1,700 million years ago, and has been in constant change ever since. Continents broke apart, merged, then drifted apart again. After North Carolina found its present place on the eastern coast of North America, the global climate warmed and cooled many times. The first single-celled life-forms appeared as early as 3,800 million years ago. As life-forms grew more complex, they diversified. Plants and animals became distinct. Gradually life crept out from the oceans and took over the land. The ancestors of humans began to walk upright only a few million years ago, and our species, Homo sapiens, emerged only about 120,000 years ago. The first humans arrived in North Carolina approximately 14,000 years ago—and continued the process of environmental change through hunting, agriculture, and eventually development. -
American Self-Government: the First & Second Continental Congress
American Self-Government: The First and Second Continental Congress “…the eyes of the virtuous all over the earth are turned with anxiety on us, as the only depositories of the sacred fire of liberty, and…our falling into anarchy would decide forever the destinies of mankind, and seal the political heresy that man is incapable of self-government.” ~ Thomas Jefferson Overview Students will explore the movement of the colonies towards self-government by examining the choices made by the Second Continental Congress, noting how American delegates were influenced by philosophers such as John Locke. Students will participate in an activity in which they assume the role of a Congressional member in the year 1775 and devise a plan for America after the onset of war. This lesson can optionally end with a Socratic Seminar or translation activity on the Declaration of Independence. Grades Middle & High School Materials • “American Self Government – First & Second Continental Congress Power Point,” available in Carolina K- 12’s Database of K-12 Resources (in PDF format): https://k12database.unc.edu/wp- content/uploads/sites/31/2021/01/AmericanSelfGovtContCongressPPT.pdf o To view this PDF as a projectable presentation, save the file, click “View” in the top menu bar of the file, and select “Full Screen Mode” o To request an editable PPT version of this presentation, send a request to [email protected] • The Bostonians Paying the Excise Man, image attached or available in power point • The Battle of Lexington, image attached or available in power -
Committees of Self Governance by Penny Waite
Carlyle House July, 2012 D OCENT D ISPATC H Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority Committees of Self Governance By Penny Waite Although the port of Alexandria did not experience formed May 26, 1773 to “consider the British battle during the Revolutionary War, it was a strategic claims as a common cause to all, and to produce a destination for much needed supplies to the colony. unity of action.” Governor Dunmore had John Carlyle’s stature as a successful merchant, dismissed the Assembly with bills undone. experienced commissary, and civic leader allowed Suspecting that Dunmore would suspend the revolutionary leaders, such as George Washington and Assembly again in 1774, the delegates were George Mason, to capitalize on his talents to help elected to meet in convention whether or not the further the Revolution. Though we know Carlyle was legislative session was dismissed by the Governor. not a young man, Edmund Randolph wrote, “The old who had seen service in the Indian War of 1755, roused Surely the prominent members of Alexandria were the young to resist the ministry.” During the abuzz with the uncertainty. A letter dated May 29, Revolutionary period, John Carlyle’s merchant activities 1774 was sent by the Committee of were significantly impacted by the trade embargo Correspondence for the Alexandria Town against England called for by the First Continental Committee and signed by John Carlyle and John Congress in 1774. Though most of the records and Dalton on behalf of eight other members. It states journals of the committees have been lost, we can get that the committee was “formed for the purpose of communicating to each other, in the most speedy manner, their sentiments on the present interesting and Alarming situation of America.” There was, in all probability, a secret element to the work of this committee and the committees formed by the local counties. -
S4404 Peter Howard
Southern Campaign American Revolution Pension Statements Pension Application of Peter Howard: S4414 Transcribed and annotated by C. Leon Harris The State of Ohio} Logan County Ss.} On this 23rd day of October AD 1832. personally appeared in open Court before the Hon. George B. Holt President and Turner McPherson, Robert Smith & Levi Carwood Associate Judges of the Court of Common Pleas of said County of Logan, Peter Howard aged eighty seven years in March last, who being first duly sworn according to law, doth on his oath make the following declaration, in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7th 1832. That he enlisted in the service of the United States for the term of three years as a soldier in the revolutionary war, at Richmond in the State of Virginia, in the month of May or June as well as he recollects, in the year 1777. The names of his Captain & subaltern officers he is now unable to recollect; the company to which he was attached was in the 15th Regiment of the Virginia Line and was commanded by Col Gaskin [sic: Gaskins] and Gen. Woodford or Woolford [sic: William Woodford] commanded the Brigade. Not long after his enlistment they were marched up near Alexandria in Virginia, where many of the soldiers were inoculated for the small pox and were encamped some time for that purpose. Thence we marched to Lancaster in Pennsylvania where we were billeted out for some time on the inhabitants of that place and Little York. Thence we marched to Valley Forge where Head Quarters were established & there remained in quarters thro the winter of 1777 & 1778. -
University Microfilms International 300 North Zeob Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St
INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. While the moat advanced technological meant to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality it heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Misting Paga(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent page);. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacen pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, _ is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find ^ good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. Whan a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning |s continued again — beginning balow the first row and continuing on untjil complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest valuir, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. -
Mecklenburg Resolves
The Mecklenburg Resolves Overview Students will examine the Mecklenburg Resolves and work in small groups to teach their classmates about the key ideas posed in the document. Students will then demonstrate their understanding of this document by creating innovative infomercials on the important elements of the Resolves. Students will also explore the limitations of the society that created the Mecklenburg Resolves, given that over 500,000 people were enslaved at the time. Grades 4-8 Materials • Image of the NC State Flag, attached • Excerpt from The Mecklenburg Resolves, attached • Dictionaries or Internet access Essential Questions: • What was the purpose of the Mecklenburg Resolves? • What effect did the Mecklenburg Resolves, the Halifax Resolves, and the Declaration of Independence have on colonists in regards to the Revolutionary War? • How could the authors of the Mecklenburg Resolves as well as the Declaration of Independence write these words and profess these ideals while supporting slavery? Duration 1-2 class periods Student Preparation Students should have a basic understanding of pre-Revolutionary tensions between the British and colonists, as well as the causes of the battles of Lexington and Concord. Procedure The North Carolina State Flag 1. As a warm-up, project an image of the North Carolina state flag (attached). Ask students to share what they know about the flag. Particularly, ask students if they can explain the significance of the two dates on the flag. (May 20, 1775 notes the date of the Mecklenburg Resolves and April 12, 1776 notes the date of the Halifax Resolves.) 2. Ask students to raise their hand if they have ever heard of the Mecklenburg Resolves. -
Richard Arell, His Times, Tavern, and Neighbors by ELEANORE MARIA VAN SWEARINGEN
Richard Arell, His Times, Tavern, and Neighbors By ELEANORE MARIA VAN SWEARINGEN Who was this Richard Arell whose tavern all of the Old Town groups of Alexandria were striving to save in the summer of 1964? Why were so many interested in this little building, in addition to its considerable architectural attraction as a double flounder house and a possible representative of an early building from the days near Alexandria's beginnings. As regards the building itself, there has been architectural controversy, but some architects feel it should be saved for its own sake regardless of any historic interest attached to it. To those familiar with the Diaries of George Washington, the name Arrell's or Arrols is also familiar. Washington mentions dining or supping there some sixteen times between 1771 and 1774. Mr. Fitzpatrick, for unexplained and inexplicable reasons, identifies Arell's as the tavern of David Arell.1 I say inexplicable in the light of Mr. Fitzpatrick's frequent citations of the account books which repeatedly speak of Richard Arel!. Some years ago, in the course of other work, a collection of tavern licences in the Fairfax Court Order and Minute Books developed. I found myself with a series of licences for Richard Arell "to keep an ordinary in Alexandria" running consecutively from 1768 to 1773, yet never a licence for David. Also discovered in this period, bound into the back of Fairfax County Minute Book 1756-1763 part 2, was a deed showing Richard Arell leasing a portion of lot 48 (bounded by Fairfax & King Streets, Market Alley and Market Place) to John Rick of Baltimore, in 1778. -
S5472 Benjamin Hamrick
Southern Campaign American Revolution Pension Statements Pension application of Benjamin Hamrick s5472 fn33Va. Transcribed by Will Graves State of Virginia, County of Nicholas [now in West Virginia]: On this 7th September in the year of our Lord 1832, personally appeared before the Circuit Superior Court of Pleas & Chancery of the County of Nicholas, same being a Court of Record, Bejamin Hamrick, a resident of the said County of Nicholas and the State of Virginia aged seventy five years who being first duly sworn according to law doth on his oath make the following declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the provision made by the out Act of Congress passed June 7th, 1832. That he enlisted in the army of the United States in the year 1776 with Captain John Chilton (or Shilton) and served in the Third Regiment of the Virginia line under the following named officers. The company was commanded by Capt. Shelton, the Regiment by Col. __ [blank in original] Mercer and the Brigade by General __ [blank in original] Woodford. He left the service (he thinks) in the fall of 1780 and served during the whole time under the same enlistment. At the time he enlisted he resided in Fauquier County, Virginia. The company to which he belonged rendezvoused at the Court House of said County and the regiment at Williamsburg, Virginia, from where they marched to Alexandria and from whence they were ordered to New York island in the State of New York where they joined the regular army. He was present at the battle of Trenton and the taking of nine hundred Hessians as it was said. -
Did You Know? North Carolina
Did You Know? North Carolina Discover the history, geography, and government of North Carolina. The Land and Its People The state is divided into three distinct topographical regions: the Coastal Plain, the Piedmont Plateau, and the Appalachian Mountains. The Coastal Plain affords opportunities for farming, fishing, recreation, and manufacturing. The leading crops of this area are bright-leaf tobacco, peanuts, soybeans, and sweet potatoes. Large forested areas, mostly pine, support pulp manufacturing and other forest-related industries. Commercial and sport fishing are done extensively on the coast, and thousands of tourists visit the state’s many beaches. The mainland coast is protected by a slender chain of islands known as the Outer Banks. The Appalachian Mountains—including Mount Mitchell, the highest peak in eastern America (6,684 feet)—add to the variety that is apparent in the state’s topography. More than 200 mountains rise 5,000 feet or more. In this area, widely acclaimed for its beauty, tourism is an outstanding business. The valleys and some of the hillsides serve as small farms and apple orchards; and here and there are business enterprises, ranging from small craft shops to large paper and textile manufacturing plants. The Piedmont Plateau, though dotted with many small rolling farms, is primarily a manufacturing area in which the chief industries are furniture, tobacco, and textiles. Here are located North Carolina’s five largest cities. In the southeastern section of the Piedmont—known as the Sandhills, where peaches grow in abundance—is a winter resort area known also for its nationally famous golf courses and stables.