Eucalypts of the E

Forest 20 What is STEP? Eucalyptus albens Eucalyptus bridgesiana National Arboretum Canberra The Southern Tablelands Ecosystems Park was White Box Apple Box formed in 2002 with the aim of establishing Small to medium (20–25m) woodland Small to medium (8 – 20m) tree with a regional botanic garden, conservation and tree, forming a lignotuber. Bark rough, tessellated grey bark usually rough, grey, and finely fissured, extending to the limbs and often E. macrorhyncha E. blakelyi educational resource in the heart of Canberra. persistent on the trunk and lower cracked into blocks at the base. E. rossii E. dalrympleana Several sites were considered before we were branches, shedding in short ribbons. Trunk and branches often large and E. mannifera E. delegatensis offered space as part of the developing National gnarled with a spreading crown. Eucalypts of the E. nortonii E. viminalis Arboretum Canberra. STEP is now established on Juvenile leaves, oval and alternate, E. albens E. polyanthemos adult leaves long (7–15cm) and Juvenile leaves have no stalk, are Southern Tablelands Forest 20 and is pursuing its aims in partnership E. dives E. melliodora broad (2–5cm), dull grey-green, with grey and heart shaped with fine Ecosystems Park E. bridgesiana E. pauciflora Quandong Designs with the National Arboretum Canberra. veins at 45° to the midrib. Buds on wavy edge. Adult leaves alternate E. rubida E. stellulata We are planting a microcosm of the vegetation stalks and in clusters of 7, with white with stalks, tapering to a long point flowers March–June. Barrel shaped (12 – 20cm) with few to no oil glands. forest 20 Eucalypt wildings typical of the Southern Tablelands region of NSW fruit, 0.5–1cm wide. Seven oval to pointed buds in stemmed clusters and ACT. This complements the Arboretum’s mosaic producing white flowers (January to April). The fruit Distribution: western slopes and tablelands of Forest 20 differs from other forests at the of forest trees that are rare, endangered, or have is short stalked, cup-shaped with a domed top and NSW reaching north to the Bunya Mountains in National Arboretum Canberra. 16 species of ethno-botanical or symbolic values. protruding valves. Eucalyptus typical of the forests and woodlands Queensland and south to the ranges of north- of the Southern Tablelands region of New South STEP welcomes visitors to Forest 20. Individuals, eastern Victoria. Distribution: from central and eastern Victoria, NSW tablelands and far south-east Queensland. Wales (including the Australian Capital Territory) community groups, schools and others are Has been used for heavy engineering and Commonly on lower valley slopes often on alluvial have been planted. construction, poles, railway sleepers, fencing, fuel welcome to join this exciting project. We have flats and with Yellow Box and Blakely’s Red Gum. The trees on Forest 20 are arranged in bands regular working parties and other activities and for honey production. Mesa Oak plantation It produces gum and honey. that represent an approximation to their Car p designed to progress our vision. landscape position in the Southern Tablelands. ark Dry forest species are grouped on the higher parts, open woodland species are in the middle and species found in areas that receive cold air Eucalyptus blakelyi Eucalyptus dalrympleana Montane drainage are located in the lowest area. Species Water tank and Wet Blakely’s Red Gum Mountain Gum found in wetter, montane locations are planted in Sclerophyll Forest 20 Medium sized (25m) tree with smooth Medium-sized to tall (15–40m) the central area, which receives the most run-off Forest Dry white bark shed in large, irregular tree with smooth yellow or white to from other parts of the local catchment. Sclerophyll flakes leaving grey, white and cream bark throughout or with a Forest In time, parts of the site will display some of red‑brown patches, though scaly at short stocking of persistent rough A developing regional the shrubs, herbs and grasses commonly found Village the base. greyish bark. Grassy Centre botanic garden, beneath the forest and woodland canopies. We Woodland Juvenile leaves are blue-green and Juvenile leaves opposite, round and education and hope to help visitors learn more about the key orb-like, opposite for a few pairs then grey-green. Adult leaves 8–20cm elements of the region’s natural ecosystems. y long, glossy green and pointed, with ecosystem recovery Secondary a alternate. Adult leaves are blue green w Grassland k oil glands that are difficult to see. r to green, alternate, 6-20cm long, centre for the A small ephemeral wetland is being developed a Grassy P pointed with moderately dense oil Three round-pointed buds with Southern Tablelands at the bottom of Forest 20, and species suitable g Woodland n o glands. 7–15 pointed buds, to 1.9cm short or no stems, in leaf axils. to this habitat are being planted. We are also n Low Elevation a r long produce white flowers in October–December. White flowers March-June. Cup-shaped fruit with a considering planting some of the rarer eucalypts Fringe e g Woodland g Fruit globular on longish stems. slight dome and protruding valves. of the Southern Tablelands. u Native T Grassland Distribution: from Victoria, mainly north of the Great Distribution: mountain country in NSW, Victoria Dividing Range, to the tablelands of NSW and far and South Australia (Mt Lofty Range only) and Photo credits south-eastern Queensland. Frequently found on lower lower elevations in Tasmania. In the ACT, only on Australian National Botanic Gardens www.anbg.gov.au slopes and better soils where it is a common paddock higher and wettest ridges along Mt Franklin Road John Evans tree and planted as a street tree, see particularly in the Brindabella Range. Black Mountain Peninsula. David Shorthouse For more information visit us on www.STEP.asn.au Widely used for gum, framing, flooring, paneling, Red Gum has been used for fencing, fuel, gum and joinery and handles. honey. www.STEP.asn.au Southern Tablelands Ecosystems Park l PO Box 987, Civic Square ACT 2608 Eucalyptus delegatensis Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Eucalyptus melliodora Eucalyptus pauciflora Eucalyptus rossii Eucalyptus stellulata Alpine Ash Red Stringybark Yellow box Snow Gum/White Sally Scribbly Gum Black Sally Medium to tall (25 – 80m) tree. Medium tree (35m), with a straight Small to tall (12– 30m) tree with Small to tall (shrub to 30m) tree. Small to medium (8–20m) tree. Small to medium (5–14m) Rough bark often furrowed, stringy trunk, well-rounded crown and spreading, symmetrical crown. Bark is Bark smooth, usually to ground level, Completely smooth bark, bright tree with distinctive smooth or fibrous on part of the trunk; upper lignotubers. Deeply fissured, rough, fairly loose, fibrous, yellowish creamy yellow or white with grey and yellow to pale orange, weathering grey‑brown to olive green bark branches with smooth white, cream, rough grey or grey-red bark, often brown, covering the base only or the sometimes reddish streaks. Insect to white with insect ‘scribbles’ on on the upper trunk and main yellow, grey or grey-green bark, often cinnamon-red underneath. whole trunk, then merging into smooth, ‘scribbles’ often prominent on the the surface. Later, wrinkles often branches with a rough, dark with scribbles. Juvenile leaves are blue-grey, short yellow to greyish white along the upper trunk in larger trees. appear at the base of branches. stocking at the base and ribbons trunk and branches. Easily distinguished from Brittle of bark in upper branches. Distinctive juvenile leaves that hang or no stalk, oval with roughened Juvenile leaves grey–green, opposite Gum by characteristic ‘scribbles’ down, are grey-green on short stems, surface. Mature leaves are glossy or Juvenile leaves are blue grey with with no stems initially and oval. Juvenile leaves opposite, circular to pointy, and wrinkles. elongated though rounded tips. Adult dull green, with side veins at acute stems, alternate, pointed or rounded. Adult leaves 6-18cm long curved blue‑grey without stems initially. Adult leaves are leaves 7.5-23cm, stalked, alternate, angle to mid-rib, 4 –7.5 cm long, Adult leaves are 6–14cm long, dull green or straight, opposite with few, parallel veins and Juvenile leaves in 6–8 opposite pairs, on short glossy green, parallel veined, with few ‘island’ oil broad, grey–green and asymmetrical pointed or curved with many ‘island’ to grey green usually pointed but some ‘island’ oil glands. Buds in clusters (9-15) in stems. Adult leaves narrowly pointed, 5.5–15cm glands, pointed to ovate 5–11cm long. about the midrib. 7–15 dark green to red buds oil glands. more oval. leaf axils, conical with small tips. White flowers long and up to 2.5cm wide, green to blue‑green with Star-like clusters of many small pointed buds in leaf form on short stems in leaf axils. White flowers Buds with a very pointed cover in clusters of 7,9,11. Buds in clusters of 7, with pointed or round caps in October–January. Fruit moderately-large many fine oil glands. Clusters of 9–15 buds precede axils produce white flowers March-June followed by (December-March) followed by short stalked, barrel Flowers are white November–February. Fruit is producing white flowers November–January. The fruit pear‑shaped with a flattish top and short stalk. white flowers December–February. Fruits stalked, cup shaped or globular fruits. to pear shaped fruit. circular‑globular, 3–4 valves prominent. is stalked, small and pear-shaped with sunken valves. pear-shaped or almost globular with flattened, Distribution: wide across the tablelands and reddish top and small valves. Distribution: Common in poorly drained or Distribution: high mountain country in southern NSW, Distribution: central Victoria to lower ranges and Distribution: Victoria and NSW especially inland alps of NSW, southern Victoria and central and subalpine sites from eastern Victoria to similar high eastern Victoria and Tasmania (lower terrain). In the tablelands of NSW, on dry stony outcrops, often with of the Dividing Range and just into Queensland. north‑eastern Tasmania. In the ACT it occurs from Distribution: western side of the Great Dividing country sites in NSW north to Tenterfield, especially ACT pure stands found on cool moist upper slopes Scribbly Gum and Brittle Gum. Good stands on Black Common around Canberra and widely planted as a high mountain areas around Piccadilly Circus to Range in NSW from the ACT north to Tenterfield and on basaltic soils. Near Canberra found in Namadgi along the Mt Franklin Road below Piccadilly Circus. Mountain and other ACT hills. street tree. lower elevation, frost hollows (e.g. Aranda Bushland). west to the Pilliga scrub, usually on shallow, stony National Park, for example the Orroral Valley. A prized Australian timber used for building, Bark used by Indigenous people for fibre. Timber used Timber used for construction, poles, railway Also planted around Canberra city. Once used for soils and on NE to NW aspects. Good stands occur furniture, pulp for paper; source of gum and honey. in construction and fencing, flowers used for honey. sleepers, fencing and fuel. Source of gum and honey. fence palings, fuel, honey and ornamental purposes. on Black Mountain and Mt Ainslie in the ACT. It has been used for gum, timber and honey.

Eucalyptus dives Eucalyptus mannifera Eucalyptus nortonii Eucalyptus polyanthemos Eucalyptus rubida Eucalyptus viminalis Broad-leaved Peppermint Brittle Gum Large-flowered Bundy Red Box Candlebark Ribbon Gum/Manna Gum Medium sized (up to 20m) tree, Small to medium (to 20m) Small, rarely medium (8–15m) tree Small to medium-sized (6–20m) tree. Small to medium (10–25m) tree, with Medium to tall (25–50m) tree. Silvery with grey, finely interlaced and tree with generally white with rough grey-brown flaky bark Bark rough, finely fissured, pale grey smooth, white and powdery bark, white trunk mostly smooth in mountain crumbly‑fibrous bark, sometimes bark, powdery to touch, very that is thick and coarsely fissured and white but trunks can be smooth often rough near the base like a forms, but many populations have a coarsely fissured at the base in mature pale yellow, when fresh. especially at the base. and blotchy to grey creamy-white. dripping candle, red hues in autumn black butt or rough bark over most of trees. Upper branches are smooth. NO scribbles on the bark or and often chop-marked. the trunk. Bark shed in ribbons that wrinkles below the branches Juvenile leaves have no stalk, Juvenile leaves stemmed and hang from the branches or are retained Notable among the peppermints opposite and usually heart shaped opposite usually grey/blue and Juvenile leaves grey green, round for juvenile leaves with no stem, (compare with Scribbly Gum in the crown. with which it commonly occurs). or rounded, grey blue and leathery. rounded. Adult leaves are 6–15.5cm (5–6cm), opposite with no stalk. opposite in pairs and blue grey colour. long with large numbers of oil glands, Adult leaves stalked, alternate, to Juvenile leaves green, opposite and Mature leaves 7–15cm long, broad, Juvenile leaves have no stalk, are dull green, Adult leaves are dull blue green blue green to blue grey, often oval to 15cm, grey-green and pointed with pointed to oblong. Adult leaves glossy pointed, stalked and alternate with alternate and linear. Adult leaves are dull green, to grey green, 8.5–30cm long, rounded. obscure oil glands. or dull green, 8-23cm long, with dense many obvious oil glands and strong 7–18.5cm long, usually pointed with dense network alternate and pointed with hard to venation. peppermint smell when crushed. of veins, many ‘island’ oil glands, and leaf margin see oil glands. Buds in clusters of 7 produce white White flowers, from 7 buds, September–December. 3 rounded buds in leaf axils, produce white flowers Three long pointed buds form in the Tight clusters of buds (11 to many) on slightly vein parallel to the central vein. Buds (clusters of 7) flowers February–March and cylindrical fruit. Fruits stalked and cup-shaped to conical. November-December, followed by rounded fruit, leaf axils and produce white flowers flattened stalks, leading to white flowers in cup-shaped with domed top and short stems. White with short or no stem. from January-May. Fruits stalkless, flowers from February-April. Fruit cup shaped to Distribution: mostly from the southern part of the Distribution: from NSW Southern Tablelands to October‑November. The fruit is pear-shaped with a Northern Tablelands of NSW through hilly country eastern and central Victoria, often on dry, stony Distribution: widespread, usually on poor, shallow cup-shaped with protruding valves. flattish top. hemispherical with protruding valves. of the Southern Tablelands and into north-eastern ridges. In the ACT found on the western slopes and soils from tablelands and mountains of eastern Distribution: from South Australia, Distribution: widespread from the Northern Distribution: central and southern Tablelands of and central Victoria. In the ACT it is found along the top of Black Mountain and the Molonglo Gorge. It is NSW to eastern, central and western Victoria; also through Victoria, Tasmania and eastern Tablelands of NSW to eastern Victoria, usually on NSW to the hills and slopes of eastern Victoria, on Monaro Highway, at Tharwa and in the Gibraltar– widely planted in Canberra and Queanbeyan. in Tasmania. Common in the colder parts of the ACT NSW (inland). In the ACT at Tidbinbilla very poor stony soils. Locally on Black Mountain and dry lower slopes, commonly west and southerly Tidbinbilla areas. It occurs usually on poor, steep, mainly on drier and lower slopes extending to the Nature Reserve and on the ANU campus. Used for gum extraction, fencing, fuel and as a in Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve. aspects. Found naturally on Black Mountain. stony soils. Also known as Long-leaved Box. edge of grassy plains, good examples along Majura shade and street tree. Used in building, joinery, pulp and Has been used for gum, timber, fuel, oils, honey Used for fuel wood and as a street tree; produces Road north of the airport. timber, and for gums, honey, medicinal and medicinal (Indigenous). good honey. Also known as Red-spotted Gum. (Indigenous).